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package com.diozero.devices.sandpit;
/*-
* #%L
* Organisation: diozero
* Project: diozero - Core
* Filename: BareLcd.java
*
* This file is part of the diozero project. More information about this project
* can be found at https://www.diozero.com/.
* %%
* Copyright (C) 2016 - 2021 diozero
* %%
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
* of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
* in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
* to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
* copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
* furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
*
* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
* all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
* IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
* AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
* OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
* THE SOFTWARE.
* #L%
*/
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import com.diozero.api.DeviceInterface;
import com.diozero.api.DigitalOutputDevice;
import com.diozero.api.RuntimeIOException;
import com.diozero.util.SleepUtil;
public class BareLcd implements DeviceInterface {
/** Clears entire display and sets DDRAM address 0 in address counter. */
private static final byte INST_CLEAR_DISPLAY = 0x01;
/**
* Sets DDRAM address 0 in address counter. Also returns display from being
* shifted to original position. DDRAM contents remain unchanged.
*/
private static final byte INST_RETURN_HOME = 0x02;
/**
* Sets cursor move direction and specifies display shift. These operations are
* performed during data write and read.
*/
private static final byte INST_ENTRY_MODE_SET = 0x04;
/**
* Sets entire display (D) on/off, cursor on/off (C), and blinking of cursor
* position character (B).
*/
private static final byte INST_DISPLAY_CONTROL = 0x08;
/** Moves cursor and shifts display without changing DDRAM contents. */
private static final byte INST_CURSOR_DISPLAY_SHIFT = 0x10;
/**
* Perform the function at the head of the program before executing any
* instructions (except for the read busy flag and address instruction). From
* this point, the function set instruction cannot be executed unless the
* interface data length is changed.
*/
private static final byte INST_FUNCTION_SET = 0x20;
/** Sets CGRAM address. CGRAM data is sent and received after this setting. */
private static final byte INST_SET_CGRAM_ADDR = 0x40;
/** Sets DDRAM address. DDRAM data is sent and received after this setting. */
private static final byte INST_SET_DDRAM_ADDR = (byte) 0x80;
// Flags for INST_ENTRY_MODE_SET
/**
* Cursor increment/decrement control, 1=increment, 0=decrement. The cursor or
* blinking moves to the right when incremented by 1 and to the left when
* decremented by 1.
*/
private static final byte EMS_CURSOR_INCREMENT = 0x02;
private static final byte EMS_CURSOR_DECREMENT = 0x00;
/**
* Display shift control, 1=on, 0=off. Shifts the entire display either to the
* right (I/D = 0) or to the left (I/D = 1) when S is 1. If S is 1, it will seem
* as if the cursor does not move but the display does. The display does not
* shift if S is 0.
*/
private static final byte EMS_DISPLAY_SHIFT_ON = 0x01;
private static final byte EMS_DISPLAY_SHIFT_OFF = 0x00;
// Flags for INST_DISPLAY_CONTROL
/** Display on/off, 1=on, 0=off. */
private static final byte DC_DISPLAY_ON = 0x04;
private static final byte DC_DISPLAY_OFF = 0x00;
/** Cursor on/off, 1=on, 0=off. */
private static final byte DC_CURSOR_ON = 0x02;
private static final byte DC_CURSOR_OFF = 0x00;
/** Cursor blink control, 1=blink, 0=no blink. */
private static final byte DC_BLINK_ON = 0x01;
private static final byte DC_BLINK_OFF = 0x00;
// Flags for INST_CURSOR_DISPLAY_SHIFT
/** Shift the displayed text, 1=right, 0=left. */
private static final byte CDS_DISPLAY_SHIFT = 0x08;
private static final byte CDS_CURSOR_MOVE = 0x00;
/** Shift the cursor, 1=right, 0=left. */
private static final byte CDS_SHIFT_RIGHT = 0x04;
private static final byte CDS_SHIFT_LEFT = 0x00;
// Flags for INST_FUNCTION_SET
/**
* Data is sent or received in 8-bit lengths (DB7 to DB0) when DL is 1, and in
* 4-bit lengths (DB7 to DB4) when DL is 0.
*/
private static final byte FS_DATA_LENGTH_8BIT = 0x10;
private static final byte FS_DATA_LENGTH_4BIT = 0x00;
/** Sets the number of display lines. 1=2 lines, 0=1 line. */
private static final byte FS_DISPLAY_2LINES = 0x08;
private static final byte FS_DISPLAY_1LINE = 0x00;
/**
* Sets the character font. 1=5x10 dots (32 character fonts), 0=5x8 dots (208
* character fonts). For some 1 line displays you can select a 10 pixel high
* font.
*/
private static final byte FS_CHAR_FONT_5X8DOTS = 0x00;
private static final byte[] rowOffsets = { 0x00, 0x40 };
private final DigitalOutputDevice[] pins;
private final DigitalOutputDevice registerSelect;
private final DigitalOutputDevice enable;
private boolean blinkEnabled;
private boolean cursorEnabled;
private boolean displayOn;
public BareLcd(int d4, int d5, int d6, int d7, int rs, int e) {
this.pins = new DigitalOutputDevice[] { new DigitalOutputDevice(d4), new DigitalOutputDevice(d5),
new DigitalOutputDevice(d6), new DigitalOutputDevice(d7) };
this.registerSelect = new DigitalOutputDevice(rs);
this.enable = new DigitalOutputDevice(e);
// init
registerSelect.setValue(false);
write4Bits((byte) (INST_FUNCTION_SET | FS_DATA_LENGTH_8BIT));
SleepUtil.sleepMillis(5);
write4Bits((byte) (INST_FUNCTION_SET | FS_DATA_LENGTH_8BIT));
sleepMicros(120);
write4Bits((byte) (INST_FUNCTION_SET | FS_DATA_LENGTH_8BIT));
write4Bits((byte) (INST_FUNCTION_SET | FS_DATA_LENGTH_4BIT));
sendCommand((byte) (INST_FUNCTION_SET | FS_DATA_LENGTH_4BIT | FS_DISPLAY_2LINES | FS_CHAR_FONT_5X8DOTS));
setDisplay(true, true, true);
sendCommand((byte) (INST_ENTRY_MODE_SET | EMS_CURSOR_INCREMENT | EMS_DISPLAY_SHIFT_OFF));
sendCommand(INST_SET_DDRAM_ADDR);
clear();
}
public void setDisplay(boolean on, boolean cursor, boolean blink) {
this.displayOn = on;
this.cursorEnabled = cursor;
this.blinkEnabled = blink;
sendCommand((byte) (INST_DISPLAY_CONTROL | (displayOn ? DC_DISPLAY_ON : DC_DISPLAY_OFF)
| (cursorEnabled ? DC_CURSOR_ON : DC_CURSOR_OFF) | (blinkEnabled ? DC_BLINK_ON : DC_BLINK_OFF)));
}
public void clear() {
sendCommand(INST_CLEAR_DISPLAY);
SleepUtil.sleepMillis(1);
}
public void cursorHome() {
sendCommand(INST_RETURN_HOME);
SleepUtil.sleepMillis(1);
}
public void setCursorPosition(int row, int col) {
sendCommand((byte) (INST_SET_DDRAM_ADDR | (col + rowOffsets[row])));
}
public void setCharacter(int row, int col, char c) {
setCursorPosition(row, col);
addText(c);
}
public void addText(String s) {
for (byte b : s.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)) {
System.out.println(b);
sendData(b);
}
}
public void addText(char c) {
sendData((byte) c);
}
public void cursorOn() {
setDisplay(displayOn, true, blinkEnabled);
}
public void cursorOff() {
setDisplay(displayOn, false, blinkEnabled);
}
private void sendCommand(byte value) {
writeByte(false, value);
}
private void sendData(byte value) {
writeByte(true, value);
}
private void writeByte(boolean data, byte value) {
registerSelect.setValue(data);
write4Bits((byte) (value >> 4));
write4Bits(value);
}
private void write4Bits(byte value) {
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
pins[i].setValue(((value >> i) & 0x01) != 0);
}
enable.off();
sleepMicros(1);
enable.on();
sleepMicros(1);
enable.off();
sleepMicros(100);
}
private void sleepMicros(int micros) {
SleepUtil.busySleep(micros * 1000L);
}
@Override
public void close() throws RuntimeIOException {
for (DigitalOutputDevice device : pins) {
device.close();
}
registerSelect.close();
enable.close();
}
}
