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/*
 * Copyright (C) 2008 The Guava Authors
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package com.google.common.collect;

import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkArgument;
import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull;
import static com.google.common.collect.ObjectArrays.checkElementsNotNull;

import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
import com.google.common.annotations.GwtIncompatible;

import java.io.InvalidObjectException;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.NavigableSet;
import java.util.SortedSet;

import javax.annotation.Nullable;

/**
 * An immutable {@code SortedSet} that stores its elements in a sorted array.
 * Some instances are ordered by an explicit comparator, while others follow the
 * natural sort ordering of their elements. Either way, null elements are not
 * supported.
 *
 * 

Unlike {@link Collections#unmodifiableSortedSet}, which is a view * of a separate collection that can still change, an instance of {@code * ImmutableSortedSet} contains its own private data and will never * change. This class is convenient for {@code public static final} sets * ("constant sets") and also lets you easily make a "defensive copy" of a set * provided to your class by a caller. * *

The sets returned by the {@link #headSet}, {@link #tailSet}, and * {@link #subSet} methods share the same array as the original set, preventing * that array from being garbage collected. If this is a concern, the data may * be copied into a correctly-sized array by calling {@link #copyOfSorted}. * *

Note on element equivalence: The {@link #contains(Object)}, * {@link #containsAll(Collection)}, and {@link #equals(Object)} * implementations must check whether a provided object is equivalent to an * element in the collection. Unlike most collections, an * {@code ImmutableSortedSet} doesn't use {@link Object#equals} to determine if * two elements are equivalent. Instead, with an explicit comparator, the * following relation determines whether elements {@code x} and {@code y} are * equivalent:

   {@code
 *
 *   {(x, y) | comparator.compare(x, y) == 0}}
* *

With natural ordering of elements, the following relation determines whether * two elements are equivalent:

   {@code
 *
 *   {(x, y) | x.compareTo(y) == 0}}
* * Warning: Like most sets, an {@code ImmutableSortedSet} will not * function correctly if an element is modified after being placed in the set. * For this reason, and to avoid general confusion, it is strongly recommended * to place only immutable objects into this collection. * *

Note: Although this class is not final, it cannot be subclassed as * it has no public or protected constructors. Thus, instances of this type are * guaranteed to be immutable. * *

See the Guava User Guide article on * immutable collections. * * @see ImmutableSet * @author Jared Levy * @author Louis Wasserman * @since 2.0 (imported from Google Collections Library; implements {@code NavigableSet} since 12.0) */ // TODO(benyu): benchmark and optimize all creation paths, which are a mess now @GwtCompatible(serializable = true, emulated = true) @SuppressWarnings("serial") // we're overriding default serialization public abstract class ImmutableSortedSet extends ImmutableSortedSetFauxverideShim implements NavigableSet, SortedIterable { private static final Comparator NATURAL_ORDER = Ordering.natural(); private static final ImmutableSortedSet NATURAL_EMPTY_SET = new EmptyImmutableSortedSet(NATURAL_ORDER); @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") private static ImmutableSortedSet emptySet() { return (ImmutableSortedSet) NATURAL_EMPTY_SET; } static ImmutableSortedSet emptySet( Comparator comparator) { if (NATURAL_ORDER.equals(comparator)) { return emptySet(); } else { return new EmptyImmutableSortedSet(comparator); } } /** * Returns the empty immutable sorted set. */ public static ImmutableSortedSet of() { return emptySet(); } /** * Returns an immutable sorted set containing a single element. */ public static > ImmutableSortedSet of( E element) { return new RegularImmutableSortedSet( ImmutableList.of(element), Ordering.natural()); } /** * Returns an immutable sorted set containing the given elements sorted by * their natural ordering. When multiple elements are equivalent according to * {@link Comparable#compareTo}, only the first one specified is included. * * @throws NullPointerException if any element is null */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public static > ImmutableSortedSet of( E e1, E e2) { return construct(Ordering.natural(), 2, e1, e2); } /** * Returns an immutable sorted set containing the given elements sorted by * their natural ordering. When multiple elements are equivalent according to * {@link Comparable#compareTo}, only the first one specified is included. * * @throws NullPointerException if any element is null */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public static > ImmutableSortedSet of( E e1, E e2, E e3) { return construct(Ordering.natural(), 3, e1, e2, e3); } /** * Returns an immutable sorted set containing the given elements sorted by * their natural ordering. When multiple elements are equivalent according to * {@link Comparable#compareTo}, only the first one specified is included. * * @throws NullPointerException if any element is null */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public static > ImmutableSortedSet of( E e1, E e2, E e3, E e4) { return construct(Ordering.natural(), 4, e1, e2, e3, e4); } /** * Returns an immutable sorted set containing the given elements sorted by * their natural ordering. When multiple elements are equivalent according to * {@link Comparable#compareTo}, only the first one specified is included. * * @throws NullPointerException if any element is null */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public static > ImmutableSortedSet of( E e1, E e2, E e3, E e4, E e5) { return construct(Ordering.natural(), 5, e1, e2, e3, e4, e5); } /** * Returns an immutable sorted set containing the given elements sorted by * their natural ordering. When multiple elements are equivalent according to * {@link Comparable#compareTo}, only the first one specified is included. * * @throws NullPointerException if any element is null * @since 3.0 (source-compatible since 2.0) */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public static > ImmutableSortedSet of( E e1, E e2, E e3, E e4, E e5, E e6, E... remaining) { Comparable[] contents = new Comparable[6 + remaining.length]; contents[0] = e1; contents[1] = e2; contents[2] = e3; contents[3] = e4; contents[4] = e5; contents[5] = e6; System.arraycopy(remaining, 0, contents, 6, remaining.length); return construct(Ordering.natural(), contents.length, (E[]) contents); } // TODO(kevinb): Consider factory methods that reject duplicates /** * Returns an immutable sorted set containing the given elements sorted by * their natural ordering. When multiple elements are equivalent according to * {@link Comparable#compareTo}, only the first one specified is included. * * @throws NullPointerException if any of {@code elements} is null * @since 3.0 */ public static > ImmutableSortedSet copyOf( E[] elements) { return construct(Ordering.natural(), elements.length, elements.clone()); } /** * Returns an immutable sorted set containing the given elements sorted by * their natural ordering. When multiple elements are equivalent according to * {@code compareTo()}, only the first one specified is included. To create a * copy of a {@code SortedSet} that preserves the comparator, call {@link * #copyOfSorted} instead. This method iterates over {@code elements} at most * once. * *

Note that if {@code s} is a {@code Set}, then {@code * ImmutableSortedSet.copyOf(s)} returns an {@code ImmutableSortedSet} * containing each of the strings in {@code s}, while {@code * ImmutableSortedSet.of(s)} returns an {@code * ImmutableSortedSet>} containing one element (the given set * itself). * *

Despite the method name, this method attempts to avoid actually copying * the data when it is safe to do so. The exact circumstances under which a * copy will or will not be performed are undocumented and subject to change. * *

This method is not type-safe, as it may be called on elements that are * not mutually comparable. * * @throws ClassCastException if the elements are not mutually comparable * @throws NullPointerException if any of {@code elements} is null */ public static ImmutableSortedSet copyOf( Iterable elements) { // Hack around E not being a subtype of Comparable. // Unsafe, see ImmutableSortedSetFauxverideShim. @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") Ordering naturalOrder = (Ordering) Ordering.natural(); return copyOf(naturalOrder, elements); } /** * Returns an immutable sorted set containing the given elements sorted by * their natural ordering. When multiple elements are equivalent according to * {@code compareTo()}, only the first one specified is included. To create a * copy of a {@code SortedSet} that preserves the comparator, call * {@link #copyOfSorted} instead. This method iterates over {@code elements} * at most once. * *

Note that if {@code s} is a {@code Set}, then * {@code ImmutableSortedSet.copyOf(s)} returns an * {@code ImmutableSortedSet} containing each of the strings in * {@code s}, while {@code ImmutableSortedSet.of(s)} returns an * {@code ImmutableSortedSet>} containing one element (the given * set itself). * *

Note: Despite what the method name suggests, if {@code elements} * is an {@code ImmutableSortedSet}, it may be returned instead of a copy. * *

This method is not type-safe, as it may be called on elements that are * not mutually comparable. * *

This method is safe to use even when {@code elements} is a synchronized * or concurrent collection that is currently being modified by another * thread. * * @throws ClassCastException if the elements are not mutually comparable * @throws NullPointerException if any of {@code elements} is null * @since 7.0 (source-compatible since 2.0) */ public static ImmutableSortedSet copyOf( Collection elements) { // Hack around E not being a subtype of Comparable. // Unsafe, see ImmutableSortedSetFauxverideShim. @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") Ordering naturalOrder = (Ordering) Ordering.natural(); return copyOf(naturalOrder, elements); } /** * Returns an immutable sorted set containing the given elements sorted by * their natural ordering. When multiple elements are equivalent according to * {@code compareTo()}, only the first one specified is included. * *

This method is not type-safe, as it may be called on elements that are * not mutually comparable. * * @throws ClassCastException if the elements are not mutually comparable * @throws NullPointerException if any of {@code elements} is null */ public static ImmutableSortedSet copyOf( Iterator elements) { // Hack around E not being a subtype of Comparable. // Unsafe, see ImmutableSortedSetFauxverideShim. @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") Ordering naturalOrder = (Ordering) Ordering.natural(); return copyOf(naturalOrder, elements); } /** * Returns an immutable sorted set containing the given elements sorted by * the given {@code Comparator}. When multiple elements are equivalent * according to {@code compareTo()}, only the first one specified is * included. * * @throws NullPointerException if {@code comparator} or any of * {@code elements} is null */ public static ImmutableSortedSet copyOf( Comparator comparator, Iterator elements) { return new Builder(comparator).addAll(elements).build(); } /** * Returns an immutable sorted set containing the given elements sorted by * the given {@code Comparator}. When multiple elements are equivalent * according to {@code compare()}, only the first one specified is * included. This method iterates over {@code elements} at most once. * *

Despite the method name, this method attempts to avoid actually copying * the data when it is safe to do so. The exact circumstances under which a * copy will or will not be performed are undocumented and subject to change. * * @throws NullPointerException if {@code comparator} or any of {@code * elements} is null */ public static ImmutableSortedSet copyOf( Comparator comparator, Iterable elements) { checkNotNull(comparator); boolean hasSameComparator = SortedIterables.hasSameComparator(comparator, elements); if (hasSameComparator && (elements instanceof ImmutableSortedSet)) { @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") ImmutableSortedSet original = (ImmutableSortedSet) elements; if (!original.isPartialView()) { return original; } } @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") // elements only contains E's; it's safe. E[] array = (E[]) Iterables.toArray(elements); return construct(comparator, array.length, array); } /** * Returns an immutable sorted set containing the given elements sorted by * the given {@code Comparator}. When multiple elements are equivalent * according to {@code compareTo()}, only the first one specified is * included. * *

Despite the method name, this method attempts to avoid actually copying * the data when it is safe to do so. The exact circumstances under which a * copy will or will not be performed are undocumented and subject to change. * *

This method is safe to use even when {@code elements} is a synchronized * or concurrent collection that is currently being modified by another * thread. * * @throws NullPointerException if {@code comparator} or any of * {@code elements} is null * @since 7.0 (source-compatible since 2.0) */ public static ImmutableSortedSet copyOf( Comparator comparator, Collection elements) { return copyOf(comparator, (Iterable) elements); } /** * Returns an immutable sorted set containing the elements of a sorted set, * sorted by the same {@code Comparator}. That behavior differs from {@link * #copyOf(Iterable)}, which always uses the natural ordering of the * elements. * *

Despite the method name, this method attempts to avoid actually copying * the data when it is safe to do so. The exact circumstances under which a * copy will or will not be performed are undocumented and subject to change. * *

This method is safe to use even when {@code sortedSet} is a synchronized * or concurrent collection that is currently being modified by another * thread. * * @throws NullPointerException if {@code sortedSet} or any of its elements * is null */ public static ImmutableSortedSet copyOfSorted(SortedSet sortedSet) { Comparator comparator = SortedIterables.comparator(sortedSet); ImmutableList list = ImmutableList.copyOf(sortedSet); if (list.isEmpty()) { return emptySet(comparator); } else { return new RegularImmutableSortedSet(list, comparator); } } /** * Constructs an {@code ImmutableSortedSet} from the first {@code n} elements of * {@code contents}. If {@code k} is the size of the returned {@code ImmutableSortedSet}, then * the sorted unique elements are in the first {@code k} positions of {@code contents}, and * {@code contents[i] == null} for {@code k <= i < n}. * *

If {@code k == contents.length}, then {@code contents} may no longer be safe for * modification. * * @throws NullPointerException if any of the first {@code n} elements of {@code contents} is * null */ static ImmutableSortedSet construct( Comparator comparator, int n, E... contents) { if (n == 0) { return emptySet(comparator); } checkElementsNotNull(contents, n); Arrays.sort(contents, 0, n, comparator); int uniques = 1; for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) { E cur = contents[i]; E prev = contents[uniques - 1]; if (comparator.compare(cur, prev) != 0) { contents[uniques++] = cur; } } Arrays.fill(contents, uniques, n, null); return new RegularImmutableSortedSet( ImmutableList.asImmutableList(contents, uniques), comparator); } /** * Returns a builder that creates immutable sorted sets with an explicit * comparator. If the comparator has a more general type than the set being * generated, such as creating a {@code SortedSet} with a * {@code Comparator}, use the {@link Builder} constructor instead. * * @throws NullPointerException if {@code comparator} is null */ public static Builder orderedBy(Comparator comparator) { return new Builder(comparator); } /** * Returns a builder that creates immutable sorted sets whose elements are * ordered by the reverse of their natural ordering. */ public static > Builder reverseOrder() { return new Builder(Ordering.natural().reverse()); } /** * Returns a builder that creates immutable sorted sets whose elements are * ordered by their natural ordering. The sorted sets use {@link * Ordering#natural()} as the comparator. This method provides more * type-safety than {@link #builder}, as it can be called only for classes * that implement {@link Comparable}. */ public static > Builder naturalOrder() { return new Builder(Ordering.natural()); } /** * A builder for creating immutable sorted set instances, especially {@code * public static final} sets ("constant sets"), with a given comparator. * Example:

   {@code
   *
   *   public static final ImmutableSortedSet LUCKY_NUMBERS =
   *       new ImmutableSortedSet.Builder(ODDS_FIRST_COMPARATOR)
   *           .addAll(SINGLE_DIGIT_PRIMES)
   *           .add(42)
   *           .build();}
* *

Builder instances can be reused; it is safe to call {@link #build} multiple * times to build multiple sets in series. Each set is a superset of the set * created before it. * * @since 2.0 (imported from Google Collections Library) */ public static final class Builder extends ImmutableSet.Builder { private final Comparator comparator; /** * Creates a new builder. The returned builder is equivalent to the builder * generated by {@link ImmutableSortedSet#orderedBy}. */ public Builder(Comparator comparator) { this.comparator = checkNotNull(comparator); } /** * Adds {@code element} to the {@code ImmutableSortedSet}. If the * {@code ImmutableSortedSet} already contains {@code element}, then * {@code add} has no effect. (only the previously added element * is retained). * * @param element the element to add * @return this {@code Builder} object * @throws NullPointerException if {@code element} is null */ @Override public Builder add(E element) { super.add(element); return this; } /** * Adds each element of {@code elements} to the {@code ImmutableSortedSet}, * ignoring duplicate elements (only the first duplicate element is added). * * @param elements the elements to add * @return this {@code Builder} object * @throws NullPointerException if {@code elements} contains a null element */ @Override public Builder add(E... elements) { super.add(elements); return this; } /** * Adds each element of {@code elements} to the {@code ImmutableSortedSet}, * ignoring duplicate elements (only the first duplicate element is added). * * @param elements the elements to add to the {@code ImmutableSortedSet} * @return this {@code Builder} object * @throws NullPointerException if {@code elements} contains a null element */ @Override public Builder addAll(Iterable elements) { super.addAll(elements); return this; } /** * Adds each element of {@code elements} to the {@code ImmutableSortedSet}, * ignoring duplicate elements (only the first duplicate element is added). * * @param elements the elements to add to the {@code ImmutableSortedSet} * @return this {@code Builder} object * @throws NullPointerException if {@code elements} contains a null element */ @Override public Builder addAll(Iterator elements) { super.addAll(elements); return this; } /** * Returns a newly-created {@code ImmutableSortedSet} based on the contents * of the {@code Builder} and its comparator. */ @Override public ImmutableSortedSet build() { @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") // we're careful to put only E's in here E[] contentsArray = (E[]) contents; ImmutableSortedSet result = construct(comparator, size, contentsArray); this.size = result.size(); // we eliminated duplicates in-place in contentsArray return result; } } int unsafeCompare(Object a, Object b) { return unsafeCompare(comparator, a, b); } static int unsafeCompare( Comparator comparator, Object a, Object b) { // Pretend the comparator can compare anything. If it turns out it can't // compare a and b, we should get a CCE on the subsequent line. Only methods // that are spec'd to throw CCE should call this. @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") Comparator unsafeComparator = (Comparator) comparator; return unsafeComparator.compare(a, b); } final transient Comparator comparator; ImmutableSortedSet(Comparator comparator) { this.comparator = comparator; } /** * Returns the comparator that orders the elements, which is * {@link Ordering#natural()} when the natural ordering of the * elements is used. Note that its behavior is not consistent with * {@link SortedSet#comparator()}, which returns {@code null} to indicate * natural ordering. */ @Override public Comparator comparator() { return comparator; } @Override // needed to unify the iterator() methods in Collection and SortedIterable public abstract UnmodifiableIterator iterator(); /** * {@inheritDoc} * *

This method returns a serializable {@code ImmutableSortedSet}. * *

The {@link SortedSet#headSet} documentation states that a subset of a * subset throws an {@link IllegalArgumentException} if passed a * {@code toElement} greater than an earlier {@code toElement}. However, this * method doesn't throw an exception in that situation, but instead keeps the * original {@code toElement}. */ @Override public ImmutableSortedSet headSet(E toElement) { return headSet(toElement, false); } /** * @since 12.0 */ @GwtIncompatible("NavigableSet") @Override public ImmutableSortedSet headSet(E toElement, boolean inclusive) { return headSetImpl(checkNotNull(toElement), inclusive); } /** * {@inheritDoc} * *

This method returns a serializable {@code ImmutableSortedSet}. * *

The {@link SortedSet#subSet} documentation states that a subset of a * subset throws an {@link IllegalArgumentException} if passed a * {@code fromElement} smaller than an earlier {@code fromElement}. However, * this method doesn't throw an exception in that situation, but instead keeps * the original {@code fromElement}. Similarly, this method keeps the * original {@code toElement}, instead of throwing an exception, if passed a * {@code toElement} greater than an earlier {@code toElement}. */ @Override public ImmutableSortedSet subSet(E fromElement, E toElement) { return subSet(fromElement, true, toElement, false); } /** * @since 12.0 */ @GwtIncompatible("NavigableSet") @Override public ImmutableSortedSet subSet( E fromElement, boolean fromInclusive, E toElement, boolean toInclusive) { checkNotNull(fromElement); checkNotNull(toElement); checkArgument(comparator.compare(fromElement, toElement) <= 0); return subSetImpl(fromElement, fromInclusive, toElement, toInclusive); } /** * {@inheritDoc} * *

This method returns a serializable {@code ImmutableSortedSet}. * *

The {@link SortedSet#tailSet} documentation states that a subset of a * subset throws an {@link IllegalArgumentException} if passed a * {@code fromElement} smaller than an earlier {@code fromElement}. However, * this method doesn't throw an exception in that situation, but instead keeps * the original {@code fromElement}. */ @Override public ImmutableSortedSet tailSet(E fromElement) { return tailSet(fromElement, true); } /** * @since 12.0 */ @GwtIncompatible("NavigableSet") @Override public ImmutableSortedSet tailSet(E fromElement, boolean inclusive) { return tailSetImpl(checkNotNull(fromElement), inclusive); } /* * These methods perform most headSet, subSet, and tailSet logic, besides * parameter validation. */ abstract ImmutableSortedSet headSetImpl(E toElement, boolean inclusive); abstract ImmutableSortedSet subSetImpl( E fromElement, boolean fromInclusive, E toElement, boolean toInclusive); abstract ImmutableSortedSet tailSetImpl(E fromElement, boolean inclusive); /** * @since 12.0 */ @GwtIncompatible("NavigableSet") @Override public E lower(E e) { return Iterators.getNext(headSet(e, false).descendingIterator(), null); } /** * @since 12.0 */ @GwtIncompatible("NavigableSet") @Override public E floor(E e) { return Iterators.getNext(headSet(e, true).descendingIterator(), null); } /** * @since 12.0 */ @GwtIncompatible("NavigableSet") @Override public E ceiling(E e) { return Iterables.getFirst(tailSet(e, true), null); } /** * @since 12.0 */ @GwtIncompatible("NavigableSet") @Override public E higher(E e) { return Iterables.getFirst(tailSet(e, false), null); } @Override public E first() { return iterator().next(); } @Override public E last() { return descendingIterator().next(); } /** * Guaranteed to throw an exception and leave the set unmodified. * * @since 12.0 * @throws UnsupportedOperationException always * @deprecated Unsupported operation. */ @Deprecated @GwtIncompatible("NavigableSet") @Override public final E pollFirst() { throw new UnsupportedOperationException(); } /** * Guaranteed to throw an exception and leave the set unmodified. * * @since 12.0 * @throws UnsupportedOperationException always * @deprecated Unsupported operation. */ @Deprecated @GwtIncompatible("NavigableSet") @Override public final E pollLast() { throw new UnsupportedOperationException(); } @GwtIncompatible("NavigableSet") transient ImmutableSortedSet descendingSet; /** * @since 12.0 */ @GwtIncompatible("NavigableSet") @Override public ImmutableSortedSet descendingSet() { // racy single-check idiom ImmutableSortedSet result = descendingSet; if (result == null) { result = descendingSet = createDescendingSet(); result.descendingSet = this; } return result; } @GwtIncompatible("NavigableSet") ImmutableSortedSet createDescendingSet() { return new DescendingImmutableSortedSet(this); } /** * @since 12.0 */ @GwtIncompatible("NavigableSet") @Override public abstract UnmodifiableIterator descendingIterator(); /** * Returns the position of an element within the set, or -1 if not present. */ abstract int indexOf(@Nullable Object target); /* * This class is used to serialize all ImmutableSortedSet instances, * regardless of implementation type. It captures their "logical contents" * only. This is necessary to ensure that the existence of a particular * implementation type is an implementation detail. */ private static class SerializedForm implements Serializable { final Comparator comparator; final Object[] elements; public SerializedForm(Comparator comparator, Object[] elements) { this.comparator = comparator; this.elements = elements; } @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") Object readResolve() { return new Builder(comparator).add((E[]) elements).build(); } private static final long serialVersionUID = 0; } private void readObject(ObjectInputStream stream) throws InvalidObjectException { throw new InvalidObjectException("Use SerializedForm"); } @Override Object writeReplace() { return new SerializedForm(comparator, toArray()); } }