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/*
* Copyright (C) 2020 Square, Inc.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package okio
/**
* Read and write access to a hierarchical collection of files, addressed by [paths][Path]. This
* is a natural interface to the current computer's local file system.
*
* Other implementations are possible:
*
* * `FakeFileSystem` is an in-memory file system suitable for testing. Note that this class is
* included in the `okio-fakefilesystem` artifact.
*
* * [ForwardingFileSystem] is a file system decorator. Use it to apply monitoring, encryption,
* compression, or filtering to another file system.
*
* * A ZIP file system could provide access to the contents of a `.zip` file.
*
* For improved capability and testability, consider structuring your classes to dependency inject
* a `FileSystem` rather than using `FileSystem.SYSTEM` directly.
*
* Small API
* ---------
*
* This interface is deliberately limited in which features it supports.
*
* It is not suitable for high-latency or unreliable remote file systems. It lacks support for
* retries, timeouts, cancellation, and bulk operations.
*
* It cannot create special file types like hard links, pipes, or mounts. Reading or writing these
* files works as if they were regular files.
*
* It cannot read or write file access control features like the UNIX `chmod` and Windows access
* control lists. It does honor these controls and will fail with an [IOException] if privileges
* are insufficient!
*
* It cannot lock files or check which files are locked.
*
* It cannot watch the file system for changes.
*
* Applications that need rich file system features should use another API!
*
* Multiplatform
* -------------
*
* This class supports a matrix of Kotlin platforms (JVM, Kotlin/Native, Kotlin/JS) and operating
* systems (Linux, macOS, and Windows). It attempts to balance working similarly across platforms
* with being consistent with the local operating system.
*
* This is a blocking API which limits its applicability on concurrent Node.js services. File
* operations will block the event loop (and all JavaScript execution!) until they complete.
*
* It supports the path schemes of both Windows (like `C:\Users`) and UNIX (like `/home`). Note that
* path resolution rules differ by platform.
*
* Differences vs. Java IO APIs
* ----------------------------
*
* The `java.io.File` class is Java's original file system API. The `delete` and `renameTo` methods
* return false if the operation failed. The `list` method returns null if the file isn't a
* directory or could not be listed. This class always throws an [IOException] when an operation
* doesn't succeed.
*
* The `java.nio.Path` and `java.nio.Files` classes are the entry points of Java's new file system
* API. Each `Path` instance is scoped to a particular file system, though that is often implicit
* because the `Paths.get()` function automatically uses the default (ie. system) file system.
* In Okio's API paths are just identifiers; you must use a specific `FileSystem` object to do
* I/O with.
*/
expect abstract class FileSystem() {
/**
* Resolves [path] against the current working directory and symlinks in this file system. The
* returned path identifies the same file as [path], but with an absolute path that does not
* include any symbolic links.
*
* This is similar to `File.getCanonicalFile()` on the JVM and `realpath` on POSIX. Unlike
* `File.getCanonicalFile()`, this throws if the file doesn't exist.
*
* @throws IOException if [path] cannot be resolved. This will occur if the file doesn't exist,
* if the current working directory doesn't exist or is inaccessible, or if another failure
* occurs while resolving the path.
*/
@Throws(IOException::class)
abstract fun canonicalize(path: Path): Path
/**
* Returns metadata of the file, directory, or object identified by [path].
*
* @throws IOException if [path] does not exist or its metadata cannot be read.
*/
@Throws(IOException::class)
fun metadata(path: Path): FileMetadata
/**
* Returns metadata of the file, directory, or object identified by [path]. This returns null if
* there is no file at [path].
*
* @throws IOException if [path] cannot be accessed due to a connectivity problem, permissions
* problem, or other issue.
*/
@Throws(IOException::class)
abstract fun metadataOrNull(path: Path): FileMetadata?
/**
* Returns true if [path] identifies an object on this file system.
*
* @throws IOException if [path] cannot be accessed due to a connectivity problem, permissions
* problem, or other issue.
*/
@Throws(IOException::class)
fun exists(path: Path): Boolean
/**
* Returns the children of [dir]. The returned list is sorted using natural ordering. If [dir] is
* a relative path, the returned elements will also be relative paths. If it is an absolute path,
* the returned elements will also be absolute paths.
*
* Note that a path does not need to be a [directory][FileMetadata.isDirectory] for this function
* to return successfully. For example, mounted storage devices may have child files but do not
* identify themselves as directories.
*
* @throws IOException if [dir] does not exist or cannot be listed. A path cannot be listed if the
* current process doesn't have access to [dir], or if there's a loop of symbolic links, or if
* any name is too long.
*/
@Throws(IOException::class)
abstract fun list(dir: Path): List
/**
* Returns the children of the directory identified by [dir]. The returned list is sorted using
* natural ordering. If [dir] is a relative path, the returned elements will also be relative
* paths. If it is an absolute path, the returned elements will also be absolute paths.
*
* This returns null if [dir] does not exist or cannot be listed. A directory cannot be listed if
* the current process doesn't have access to [dir], or if there's a loop of symbolic links, or if
* any name is too long.
*/
abstract fun listOrNull(dir: Path): List?
/**
* Returns a sequence that **lazily** traverses the children of [dir] using repeated calls to
* [list]. If none of [dir]'s children are directories this returns the same elements as [list].
*
* The returned sequence visits the tree of files in depth-first order. Parent paths are returned
* before their children.
*
* Note that [listRecursively] does not throw exceptions but the returned sequence does. When it
* is iterated, the returned sequence throws a [FileNotFoundException] if [dir] does not exist, or
* an [IOException] if [dir] cannot be listed.
*
* @param followSymlinks true to follow symlinks while traversing the children. If [dir] itself is
* a symlink it will be followed even if this parameter is false.
*/
open fun listRecursively(dir: Path, followSymlinks: Boolean = false): Sequence
/**
* Returns a handle to read [file]. This will fail if the file doesn't already exist.
*
* @throws IOException if [file] does not exist, is not a file, or cannot be accessed. A file
* cannot be accessed if the current process doesn't have sufficient permissions for [file],
* if there's a loop of symbolic links, or if any name is too long.
*/
@Throws(IOException::class)
abstract fun openReadOnly(file: Path): FileHandle
/**
* Returns a handle to read and write [file]. This will create the file if it doesn't already
* exist.
*
* @param mustCreate true to throw an [IOException] instead of overwriting an existing file.
* This is equivalent to `O_EXCL` on POSIX and `CREATE_NEW` on Windows.
* @param mustExist true to throw an [IOException] instead of creating a new file. This is
* equivalent to `r+` on POSIX and `OPEN_EXISTING` on Windows.
* @throws IOException if [file] is not a file, or cannot be accessed. A file cannot be accessed
* if the current process doesn't have sufficient reading and writing permissions for [file],
* if there's a loop of symbolic links, or if any name is too long.
*/
@Throws(IOException::class)
abstract fun openReadWrite(
file: Path,
mustCreate: Boolean = false,
mustExist: Boolean = false
): FileHandle
/**
* Returns a source that reads the bytes of [file] from beginning to end.
*
* @throws IOException if [file] does not exist, is not a file, or cannot be read. A file cannot
* be read if the current process doesn't have access to [file], if there's a loop of symbolic
* links, or if any name is too long.
*/
@Throws(IOException::class)
abstract fun source(file: Path): Source
/**
* Creates a source to read [file], executes [readerAction] to read it, and then closes the
* source. This is a compact way to read the contents of a file.
*/
@Throws(IOException::class)
inline fun read(file: Path, readerAction: BufferedSource.() -> T): T
/**
* Returns a sink that writes bytes to [file] from beginning to end. If [file] already exists it
* will be replaced with the new data.
*
* @param mustCreate true to throw an [IOException] instead of overwriting an existing file.
* This is equivalent to `O_EXCL` on POSIX and `CREATE_NEW` on Windows.
*
* @throws IOException if [file] cannot be written. A file cannot be written if its enclosing
* directory does not exist, if the current process doesn't have access to [file], if there's
* a loop of symbolic links, or if any name is too long.
*/
@Throws(IOException::class)
abstract fun sink(file: Path, mustCreate: Boolean = false): Sink
/**
* Creates a sink to write [file], executes [writerAction] to write it, and then closes the sink.
* This is a compact way to write a file.
*
* @param mustCreate true to throw an [IOException] instead of overwriting an existing file.
* This is equivalent to `O_EXCL` on POSIX and `CREATE_NEW` on Windows.
*/
@Throws(IOException::class)
inline fun write(
file: Path,
mustCreate: Boolean = false,
writerAction: BufferedSink.() -> T
): T
/**
* Returns a sink that appends bytes to the end of [file], creating it if it doesn't already
* exist.
*
* @param mustExist true to throw an [IOException] instead of creating a new file. This is
* equivalent to `r+` on POSIX and `OPEN_EXISTING` on Windows.
*
* @throws IOException if [file] cannot be written. A file cannot be written if its enclosing
* directory does not exist, if the current process doesn't have access to [file], if there's
* a loop of symbolic links, or if any name is too long.
*/
@Throws(IOException::class)
abstract fun appendingSink(file: Path, mustExist: Boolean = false): Sink
/**
* Creates a directory at the path identified by [dir].
*
* @param mustCreate true to throw an [IOException] if the directory already exists.
* @throws IOException if [dir]'s parent does not exist, is not a directory, or cannot be written.
* A directory cannot be created if the current process doesn't have access, if there's a loop
* of symbolic links, or if any name is too long.
*/
@Throws(IOException::class)
abstract fun createDirectory(dir: Path, mustCreate: Boolean = false)
/**
* Creates a directory at the path identified by [dir], and any enclosing parent path directories,
* recursively.
*
* @param mustCreate true to throw an [IOException] instead of overwriting an existing directory.
* @throws IOException if any [metadata] or [createDirectory] operation fails.
*/
@Throws(IOException::class)
fun createDirectories(dir: Path, mustCreate: Boolean = false)
/**
* Moves [source] to [target] in-place if the underlying file system supports it. If [target]
* exists, it is first removed. If `source == target`, this operation does nothing. This may be
* used to move a file or a directory.
*
* **Only as Atomic as the Underlying File System Supports**
*
* FAT and NTFS file systems cannot atomically move a file over an existing file. If the target
* file already exists, the move is performed into two steps:
*
* 1. Atomically delete the target file.
* 2. Atomically rename the source file to the target file.
*
* The delete step and move step are each atomic but not atomic in aggregate! If this process
* crashes, the host operating system crashes, or the hardware fails it is possible that the
* delete step will succeed and the rename will not.
*
* **Entire-file or nothing**
*
* These are the possible results of this operation:
*
* * This operation returns normally, the source file is absent, and the target file contains the
* data previously held by the source file. This is the success case.
*
* * The operation throws an [IOException] and the file system is unchanged. For example, this
* occurs if this process lacks permissions to perform the move.
*
* * This operation throws an [IOException], the target file is deleted, but the source file is
* unchanged. This is the partial failure case described above and is only possible on
* file systems like FAT and NTFS that do not support atomic file replacement. Typically in
* such cases this operation won't return at all because the process or operating system has
* also crashed.
*
* There is no failure mode where the target file holds a subset of the bytes of the source file.
* If the rename step cannot be performed atomically, this function will throw an [IOException]
* before attempting a move. Typically this occurs if the source and target files are on different
* physical volumes.
*
* **Non-Atomic Moves**
*
* If you need to move files across volumes, use [copy] followed by [delete], and change your
* application logic to recover should the copy step suffer a partial failure.
*
* @throws IOException if the move cannot be performed, or cannot be performed atomically. Moves
* fail if the source doesn't exist, if the target is not writable, if the target already
* exists and cannot be replaced, or if the move would cause physical or quota limits to be
* exceeded. This list of potential problems is not exhaustive.
*/
@Throws(IOException::class)
abstract fun atomicMove(source: Path, target: Path)
/**
* Copies all the bytes from the file at [source] to the file at [target]. This does not copy
* file metadata like last modified time, permissions, or extended attributes.
*
* This function is not atomic; a failure may leave [target] in an inconsistent state. For
* example, [target] may be empty or contain only a prefix of [source].
*
* @throws IOException if [source] cannot be read or if [target] cannot be written.
*/
@Throws(IOException::class)
open fun copy(source: Path, target: Path)
/**
* Deletes the file or directory at [path].
*
* @param mustExist true to throw an [IOException] if there is nothing at [path] to delete.
* @throws IOException if there is a file or directory but it could not be deleted. Deletes fail
* if the current process doesn't have access, if the file system is readonly, or if [path]
* is a non-empty directory. This list of potential problems is not exhaustive.
*/
@Throws(IOException::class)
abstract fun delete(path: Path, mustExist: Boolean = false)
/**
* Recursively deletes all children of [fileOrDirectory] if it is a directory, then deletes
* [fileOrDirectory] itself.
*
* This function does not defend against race conditions. For example, if child files are created
* or deleted in [fileOrDirectory] while this function is executing, this may fail with an
* [IOException].
*
* @param mustExist true to throw an [IOException] if there is nothing at [fileOrDirectory] to
* delete.
* @throws IOException if any [metadata], [list], or [delete] operation fails.
*/
@Throws(IOException::class)
open fun deleteRecursively(fileOrDirectory: Path, mustExist: Boolean = false)
/**
* Creates a symbolic link at [source] that resolves to [target]. If [target] is a relative path,
* it is relative to `source.parent`.
*
* @throws IOException if [source] cannot be created. This may be because it already exists
* or because its storage doesn't support symlinks. This list of potential problems is not
* exhaustive.
*/
@Throws(IOException::class)
abstract fun createSymlink(source: Path, target: Path)
companion object {
/**
* Returns a writable temporary directory on [SYSTEM].
*
* This is platform-specific.
*
* * **JVM and Android**: the path in the `java.io.tmpdir` system property
* * **Linux, iOS, and macOS**: the path in the `TMPDIR` environment variable.
* * **Windows**: the first non-null of `TEMP`, `TMP`, and `USERPROFILE` environment variables.
*
* **Note that the returned directory is not generally private.** Other users or processes that
* share this file system may read data that is written to this directory, or write malicious
* data for this process to receive.
*/
val SYSTEM_TEMPORARY_DIRECTORY: Path
}
}
