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Closure Compiler is a JavaScript optimizing compiler. It parses your JavaScript, analyzes it, removes dead code and rewrites and minimizes what's left. It also checks syntax, variable references, and types, and warns about common JavaScript pitfalls. It is used in many of Google's JavaScript apps, including Gmail, Google Web Search, Google Maps, and Google Docs.

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/*
 * Copyright 2012 The Closure Compiler Authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package com.google.javascript.jscomp;

import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSet;
import com.google.javascript.jscomp.NodeTraversal.AbstractPostOrderCallback;
import com.google.javascript.jscomp.TypeValidator.TypeMismatch;
import com.google.javascript.rhino.IR;
import com.google.javascript.rhino.JSDocInfo;
import com.google.javascript.rhino.Node;
import com.google.javascript.rhino.TypeIRegistry;
import com.google.javascript.rhino.jstype.FunctionType;
import com.google.javascript.rhino.jstype.JSType;
import com.google.javascript.rhino.jstype.JSTypeNative;
import com.google.javascript.rhino.jstype.ObjectType;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

/**
 * InlineProperties attempts to find references to properties that are known to
 * be constants and inline the known value.
 *
 * This pass relies on type information to find these property references and
 * properties are assumed to be constant if either:
 *   - the property is assigned unconditionally in the instance constructor
 *   - the property is assigned unconditionally to the type's prototype
 *
 * The current implementation only inlines immutable values (as defined by
 * NodeUtil.isImmutableValue).
 *
 * @author [email protected] (John Lenz)
 */
final class InlineProperties implements CompilerPass {

  private final AbstractCompiler compiler;

  static class PropertyInfo {
    PropertyInfo(JSType type, Node value) {
      this.type = type;
      this.value = value;
    }
    final JSType type;
    final Node value;
  }

  private static final PropertyInfo INVALIDATED = new PropertyInfo(
      null, null);

  private final Map props = new HashMap<>();

  private Set invalidatingTypes;

  InlineProperties(AbstractCompiler compiler) {
    this.compiler = compiler;
    buildInvalidatingTypeSet();
    invalidateExternProperties();
  }

  // TODO(johnlenz): this is a direct copy of the invalidation code
  // from AmbiguateProperties, if in the end we don't need to modify it
  // we should move it to a common location.
  private void buildInvalidatingTypeSet() {
    TypeIRegistry registry = compiler.getTypeIRegistry();
    invalidatingTypes = new HashSet<>(ImmutableSet.of(
        (JSType) registry.getNativeType(JSTypeNative.ALL_TYPE),
        (JSType) registry.getNativeType(JSTypeNative.NO_OBJECT_TYPE),
        (JSType) registry.getNativeType(JSTypeNative.NO_TYPE),
        (JSType) registry.getNativeType(JSTypeNative.NULL_TYPE),
        (JSType) registry.getNativeType(JSTypeNative.VOID_TYPE),
        (JSType) registry.getNativeType(JSTypeNative.FUNCTION_FUNCTION_TYPE),
        (JSType) registry.getNativeType(JSTypeNative.FUNCTION_INSTANCE_TYPE),
        (JSType) registry.getNativeType(JSTypeNative.FUNCTION_PROTOTYPE),
        (JSType) registry.getNativeType(JSTypeNative.GLOBAL_THIS),
        (JSType) registry.getNativeType(JSTypeNative.OBJECT_TYPE),
        (JSType) registry.getNativeType(JSTypeNative.OBJECT_PROTOTYPE),
        (JSType) registry.getNativeType(JSTypeNative.OBJECT_FUNCTION_TYPE),
        (JSType) registry.getNativeType(JSTypeNative.TOP_LEVEL_PROTOTYPE),
        (JSType) registry.getNativeType(JSTypeNative.UNKNOWN_TYPE)));

    for (TypeMismatch mis : compiler.getTypeMismatches()) {
      addInvalidatingType(mis.typeA);
      addInvalidatingType(mis.typeB);
    }
  }

  private void invalidateExternProperties() {
    // Invalidate properties defined in externs.
    for (String name : compiler.getExternProperties()) {
      props.put(name, INVALIDATED);
    }
  }

  /**
   * Invalidates the given type, so that no properties on it will be renamed.
   */
  private void addInvalidatingType(JSType type) {
    type = type.restrictByNotNullOrUndefined();
    if (type.isUnionType()) {
      for (JSType alt : type.toMaybeUnionType().getAlternatesWithoutStructuralTyping()) {
        addInvalidatingType(alt);
      }
    }

    invalidatingTypes.add(type);
    ObjectType objType = ObjectType.cast(type);
    if (objType != null && objType.isInstanceType()) {
      invalidatingTypes.add(objType.getImplicitPrototype());
    }
  }

  /** Returns true if properties on this type should not be renamed. */
  private boolean isInvalidatingType(JSType type) {
    if (type.isUnionType()) {
      type = type.restrictByNotNullOrUndefined();
      if (type.isUnionType()) {
        for (JSType alt : type.toMaybeUnionType().getAlternatesWithoutStructuralTyping()) {
          if (isInvalidatingType(alt)) {
            return true;
          }
        }
        return false;
      }
    }
    ObjectType objType = ObjectType.cast(type);
    return objType == null
        || invalidatingTypes.contains(objType)
        || !objType.hasReferenceName()
        || objType.isUnknownType()
        || objType.isEmptyType() /* unresolved types */
        || objType.isEnumType()
        || objType.autoboxesTo() != null;
  }

  /**
   * This method gets the JSType from the Node argument and verifies that it is
   * present.
   */
  private JSType getJSType(Node n) {
    JSType jsType = n.getJSType();
    if (jsType == null) {
      return compiler.getTypeIRegistry().getNativeType(JSTypeNative.UNKNOWN_TYPE);
    } else {
      return jsType;
    }
  }

  @Override
  public void process(Node externs, Node root) {
    // Find and replace the properties in non-extern AST.
    NodeTraversal.traverseEs6(compiler, root, new GatherCandidates());
    NodeTraversal.traverseEs6(compiler, root, new ReplaceCandidates());
  }

  class GatherCandidates extends AbstractPostOrderCallback {

    @Override
    public void visit(NodeTraversal t, Node n, Node parent) {
      boolean invalidatingPropRef = false;
      String propName = null;
      if (n.isGetProp()) {
        propName = n.getLastChild().getString();
        if (parent.isAssign()) {
          invalidatingPropRef = !maybeCandidateDefinition(t, n, parent);
        } else if (NodeUtil.isLValue(n)) {
          // Other LValue references invalidate
          invalidatingPropRef = true;
        } else if (parent.isDelProp()) {
          // Deletes invalidate
          invalidatingPropRef = true;
        } else {
          // A property read doesn't invalidate
          invalidatingPropRef = false;
        }
      } else if (n.isStringKey()) {
        propName = n.getString();
        // For now, any object literal key invalidates
        // TODO(johnlenz): support prototype properties like:
        //   foo.prototype = { a: 1, b: 2 };
        // TODO(johnlenz): Object.create(), Object.createProperty
        invalidatingPropRef = true;
      }

      if (invalidatingPropRef) {
        Preconditions.checkNotNull(propName);
        invalidateProperty(propName);
      }
    }

    /**
     * @return Whether this is a valid definition for a candidate property.
     */
    private boolean maybeCandidateDefinition(
        NodeTraversal t, Node n, Node parent) {
      Preconditions.checkState(n.isGetProp() && parent.isAssign(), n);
      boolean isCandidate = false;
      Node src = n.getFirstChild();
      String propName = n.getLastChild().getString();

      Node value = parent.getLastChild();
      if (src.isThis()) {
        // This is a simple assignment like:
        //    this.foo = 1;
        if (inConstructor(t)) {
          // This maybe a valid assignment.
          isCandidate = maybeStoreCandidateValue(
              getJSType(src), propName, value);
        }
      } else if (t.inGlobalHoistScope()
          && src.isGetProp()
          && src.getLastChild().getString().equals("prototype")) {
        // This is a prototype assignment like:
        //    x.prototype.foo = 1;
        JSType instanceType = maybeGetInstanceTypeFromPrototypeRef(src);
        if (instanceType != null) {
          isCandidate = maybeStoreCandidateValue(
              instanceType, propName, value);
        }
      } else if (t.inGlobalHoistScope()) {
        JSType targetType = getJSType(src);
        if (targetType != null && targetType.isConstructor()) {
           isCandidate = maybeStoreCandidateValue(targetType, propName, value);
        }
      }
      return isCandidate;
    }

    private JSType maybeGetInstanceTypeFromPrototypeRef(Node src) {
      JSType ownerType = getJSType(src.getFirstChild());
      if (ownerType.isFunctionType() && ownerType.isConstructor()) {
        FunctionType functionType = ((FunctionType) ownerType);
        return functionType.getInstanceType();
      }
      return null;
    }

    private void invalidateProperty(String propName) {
      props.put(propName, INVALIDATED);
    }

    private boolean maybeStoreCandidateValue(
        JSType type, String propName, Node value) {
      Preconditions.checkNotNull(value);
      if (!props.containsKey(propName)
          && !isInvalidatingType(type)
          && NodeUtil.isImmutableValue(value)
          && NodeUtil.isExecutedExactlyOnce(value)) {
        props.put(propName, new PropertyInfo(type, value));
        return true;
      }
      return false;
    }

    private boolean inConstructor(NodeTraversal t) {
      Node root = t.getEnclosingFunction();
      if (root == null) {
        return false;
      }
      JSDocInfo info = NodeUtil.getBestJSDocInfo(root);
      return info != null && info.isConstructor();
    }
  }

  class ReplaceCandidates extends AbstractPostOrderCallback {
    @Override
    public void visit(NodeTraversal t, Node n, Node parent) {
      if (n.isGetProp() && !NodeUtil.isLValue(n)) {
        Node target = n.getFirstChild();
        String propName = n.getLastChild().getString();
        PropertyInfo info = props.get(propName);
        if (info != null
            && info != INVALIDATED
            && isMatchingType(target, info.type)) {
          Node replacement = info.value.cloneTree();
          if (NodeUtil.mayHaveSideEffects(n.getFirstChild(), compiler)) {
            replacement = IR.comma(n.removeFirstChild(), replacement).srcref(n);
          }
          parent.replaceChild(n, replacement);
          compiler.reportCodeChange();
        }
      }
    }

    private boolean isMatchingType(Node n, JSType src) {
      src = src.restrictByNotNullOrUndefined();
      JSType dest = getJSType(n).restrictByNotNullOrUndefined();
      if (!isInvalidatingType(dest)) {
        if (dest.isConstructor()) {
          // Don't inline constructor properties referenced from
          // subclass constructor references. This would be appropriate
          // for ES6 class with Class-side inheritence but not
          // traditional Closure classes from which subclass constructor
          // don't inherit the super-classes constructor properties.
          return dest.isEquivalentTo(src);
        } else {
          return dest.isSubtype(src);
        }
      }
      return false;
    }
  }
}




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