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/*
* Copyright (C) 2014-2024 Philip Helger (www.helger.com)
* philip[at]helger[dot]com
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package com.helger.commons.csv;
/**
Copyright 2005 Bytecode Pty Ltd.
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
*/
import java.io.Closeable;
import java.io.Flushable;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import javax.annotation.Nonnegative;
import javax.annotation.Nonnull;
import javax.annotation.Nullable;
import javax.annotation.WillCloseWhenClosed;
import com.helger.commons.ValueEnforcer;
import com.helger.commons.annotation.Nonempty;
import com.helger.commons.collection.iterate.ArrayIterator;
import com.helger.commons.io.stream.StreamHelper;
/**
* A very simple CSV writer released under a commercial-friendly license.
*
* @author Glen Smith
* @author Philip Helger
*/
public class CSVWriter implements Closeable, Flushable
{
/**
* The quote constant to use when you wish to suppress all quoting.
*/
public static final char NO_QUOTE_CHARACTER = CCSV.NULL_CHARACTER;
/**
* The escape constant to use when you wish to suppress all escaping.
*/
public static final char NO_ESCAPE_CHARACTER = CCSV.NULL_CHARACTER;
/**
* The default line delimiter to be used.
*/
public static final String DEFAULT_LINE_END = "\n";
/**
* By default all text fields are always quoted.
*/
public static final boolean DEFAULT_QUOTE_ALL = true;
/**
* By default the file ends with a new-line.
*/
public static final boolean DEFAULT_AVOID_FINAL_LINE_END = false;
private final Writer m_aRawWriter;
private final PrintWriter m_aPW;
private int m_nWrittenLines = 0;
private char m_cSeparatorChar = CCSV.DEFAULT_SEPARATOR;
private char m_cQuoteChar = CCSV.DEFAULT_QUOTE_CHARACTER;
private char m_cEscapeChar = CCSV.DEFAULT_ESCAPE_CHARACTER;
private String m_sLineEnd = DEFAULT_LINE_END;
private boolean m_bAvoidFinalLineEnd = DEFAULT_AVOID_FINAL_LINE_END;
private boolean m_bApplyQuotesToAll = DEFAULT_QUOTE_ALL;
/**
* Constructs {@link CSVWriter} with all default settings.
*
* @param aWriter
* the writer to an underlying CSV source. May not be null
* .
*/
public CSVWriter (@Nonnull @WillCloseWhenClosed final Writer aWriter)
{
ValueEnforcer.notNull (aWriter, "Writer");
m_aRawWriter = aWriter;
m_aPW = new PrintWriter (aWriter);
}
/**
* @return The default separator for this writer.
*/
public char getSeparatorChar ()
{
return m_cSeparatorChar;
}
/**
* Sets the delimiter to use for separating entries.
*
* @param cSeparator
* the delimiter to use for separating entries
* @return this
*/
@Nonnull
public CSVWriter setSeparatorChar (final char cSeparator)
{
if (cSeparator == CCSV.NULL_CHARACTER)
throw new UnsupportedOperationException ("The separator character must be defined!");
m_cSeparatorChar = cSeparator;
return this;
}
/**
* @return The default quotation character for this writer.
*/
public char getQuoteChar ()
{
return m_cQuoteChar;
}
/**
* Sets the character to use for quoted elements.
*
* @param cQuoteChar
* the character to use for quoted element.
* @return this
*/
@Nonnull
public CSVWriter setQuoteChar (final char cQuoteChar)
{
m_cQuoteChar = cQuoteChar;
return this;
}
/**
* @return The default escape character for this writer.
*/
public char getEscapeChar ()
{
return m_cEscapeChar;
}
/**
* Sets the character to use for escaping a separator or quote.
*
* @param cEscapeChar
* the character to use for escaping a separator or quote.
* @return this
*/
@Nonnull
public CSVWriter setEscapeChar (final char cEscapeChar)
{
m_cEscapeChar = cEscapeChar;
return this;
}
/**
* @return the line delimiting string. Neither null nor empty.
*/
@Nonnull
@Nonempty
public String getLineEnd ()
{
return m_sLineEnd;
}
/**
* Set the line delimiting string.
*
* @param sLineEnd
* The line end. May neither be null nor empty.
* @return this
*/
@Nonnull
public CSVWriter setLineEnd (@Nonnull @Nonempty final String sLineEnd)
{
ValueEnforcer.notNull (sLineEnd, "LineEnd");
m_sLineEnd = sLineEnd;
return this;
}
/**
* @return true if the file should not end with a new-line,
* false otherwise.
* @since 8.6.6
*/
public boolean isAvoidFinalLineEnd ()
{
return m_bAvoidFinalLineEnd;
}
/**
* Set whether the CSV file should end with a new line or not.
*
* @param bAvoidFinalLineEnd
* true to avoid the CSV file ending with a new line.
* @return this for chaining
* @since 8.6.6
*/
@Nonnull
public CSVWriter setAvoidFinalLineEnd (final boolean bAvoidFinalLineEnd)
{
m_bAvoidFinalLineEnd = bAvoidFinalLineEnd;
return this;
}
/**
* @return true if all cells should always be quoted,
* false otherwise. The default is
* {@value #DEFAULT_QUOTE_ALL}.
* @since 8.6.6
*/
public boolean isApplyQuotesToAll ()
{
return m_bApplyQuotesToAll;
}
/**
* Set whether all cells should be quoted by default or not.
*
* @param bApplyQuotesToAll
* true to quote all cells, false to quote
* only the ones where it is necessary
* @return this for chaining
* @since 8.6.6
*/
@Nonnull
public CSVWriter setApplyQuotesToAll (final boolean bApplyQuotesToAll)
{
m_bApplyQuotesToAll = bApplyQuotesToAll;
return this;
}
/**
* Writes the entire list to a CSV file.
*
* @param aAllLines
* a List of List of String, with each List of String representing a
* line of the file.
* @param bApplyQuotesToAll
* true if all values are to be quoted. false
* if quotes only to be applied to values which contain the separator,
* escape, quote or new line characters.
*/
public void writeAll (@Nonnull final List > aAllLines, final boolean bApplyQuotesToAll)
{
for (final List aLine : aAllLines)
writeNext (aLine, bApplyQuotesToAll);
}
/**
* Writes the entire list to a CSV file using the default quoting setting.
*
* @param aAllLines
* a List of List of String, with each List of String representing a
* line of the file.
* @see #isApplyQuotesToAll()
*/
public void writeAll (@Nonnull final List > aAllLines)
{
writeAll (aAllLines, m_bApplyQuotesToAll);
}
/**
* Writes the next line to the file.
*
* @param aNextLine
* A collection of Strings where each entry represents a single cell.
* @param bApplyQuotesToAll
* true if all values are to be quoted. false
* applies quotes only to values which contain the separator, escape,
* quote or new line characters.
*/
public void writeNext (@Nullable final Iterator aNextLine, final boolean bApplyQuotesToAll)
{
if (aNextLine != null)
{
final StringBuilder aSB = new StringBuilder (CCSV.INITIAL_STRING_SIZE);
if (m_bAvoidFinalLineEnd && m_nWrittenLines > 0)
{
// End previous line
aSB.append (m_sLineEnd);
}
final boolean bCanQuote = m_cQuoteChar != NO_QUOTE_CHARACTER;
boolean bFirst = true;
while (aNextLine.hasNext ())
{
if (bFirst)
bFirst = false;
else
aSB.append (m_cSeparatorChar);
final String sNextElement = aNextLine.next ();
if (sNextElement != null)
{
final boolean bElementContainsSpecialChars = stringContainsSpecialCharacters (sNextElement);
final boolean bDoQuoteElement = bCanQuote && (bApplyQuotesToAll || bElementContainsSpecialChars);
if (bDoQuoteElement)
aSB.append (m_cQuoteChar);
if (bElementContainsSpecialChars)
aSB.append (getEscapedText (sNextElement));
else
aSB.append (sNextElement);
if (bDoQuoteElement)
aSB.append (m_cQuoteChar);
}
}
if (!m_bAvoidFinalLineEnd)
{
// End the line directly
aSB.append (m_sLineEnd);
}
m_aPW.write (aSB.toString ());
m_nWrittenLines++;
}
}
/**
* Writes the next line to the file.
*
* @param aNextLine
* a string array with each comma-separated element as a separate
* entry.
* @param bApplyQuotesToAll
* true if all values are to be quoted. false
* applies quotes only to values which contain the separator, escape,
* quote or new line characters.
*/
public void writeNext (@Nullable final Iterable aNextLine, final boolean bApplyQuotesToAll)
{
if (aNextLine != null)
writeNext (aNextLine.iterator (), bApplyQuotesToAll);
}
/**
* Writes the next line to the file using the default quoting settings.
*
* @param aNextLine
* a string array with each comma-separated element as a separate
* entry.
* @see #isApplyQuotesToAll()
*/
public void writeNext (@Nullable final Iterable aNextLine)
{
writeNext (aNextLine, m_bApplyQuotesToAll);
}
/**
* Writes the next line to the file.
*
* @param aNextLine
* a string array with each comma-separated element as a separate
* entry.
* @param bApplyQuotesToAll
* true if all values are to be quoted. false
* applies quotes only to values which contain the separator, escape,
* quote or new line characters.
*/
public void writeNext (@Nullable final String [] aNextLine, final boolean bApplyQuotesToAll)
{
if (aNextLine != null)
writeNext (new ArrayIterator <> (aNextLine).iterator (), bApplyQuotesToAll);
}
/**
* Writes the next line to the file using the default quoting settings.
*
* @param aNextLine
* a string array with each comma-separated element as a separate
* entry.
* @see #isApplyQuotesToAll()
*/
public void writeNext (@Nullable final String... aNextLine)
{
writeNext (aNextLine, m_bApplyQuotesToAll);
}
/**
* Writes the next line to the file.
*
* @param aNextLine
* a string array with each comma-separated element as a separate
* entry.
* @param nOfs
* Array Offset. Must be ≥ 0.
* @param nLength
* Array Length. Must be ≥ 0.
* @param bApplyQuotesToAll
* true if all values are to be quoted. false
* applies quotes only to values which contain the separator, escape,
* quote or new line characters.
*/
public void writeNext (@Nullable final String [] aNextLine,
@Nonnegative final int nOfs,
@Nonnegative final int nLength,
final boolean bApplyQuotesToAll)
{
if (aNextLine != null)
writeNext (new ArrayIterator <> (aNextLine, nOfs, nLength).iterator (), bApplyQuotesToAll);
}
/**
* Writes the next line to the file using the default quoting setting.
*
* @param aNextLine
* a string array with each comma-separated element as a separate
* entry.
* @param nOfs
* Array Offset. Must be ≥ 0.
* @param nLength
* Array Length. Must be ≥ 0.
* @see #isApplyQuotesToAll()
*/
public void writeNext (@Nullable final String [] aNextLine, @Nonnegative final int nOfs, @Nonnegative final int nLength)
{
writeNext (aNextLine, nOfs, nLength, m_bApplyQuotesToAll);
}
/**
* checks to see if the line contains special characters.
*
* @param sLine
* - element of data to check for special characters.
* @return true if the line contains the quote, escape, separator, newline or
* return.
*/
protected boolean stringContainsSpecialCharacters (@Nonnull final String sLine)
{
return sLine.indexOf (m_cQuoteChar) != -1 ||
sLine.indexOf (m_cEscapeChar) != -1 ||
sLine.indexOf (m_cSeparatorChar) != -1 ||
sLine.indexOf ('\r') != -1 ||
sLine.indexOf ('\n') != -1;
}
/**
* Processes all the characters in a line.
*
* @param sNextElement
* element to process.
* @return a StringBuilder with the elements data.
*/
@Nonnull
protected StringBuilder getEscapedText (@Nonnull final String sNextElement)
{
if (m_cEscapeChar == NO_ESCAPE_CHARACTER)
return new StringBuilder (sNextElement);
final StringBuilder aSB = new StringBuilder (sNextElement.length () * 2);
for (final char c : sNextElement.toCharArray ())
{
if (c == m_cQuoteChar || c == m_cEscapeChar)
aSB.append (m_cEscapeChar);
aSB.append (c);
}
return aSB;
}
/**
* Flush underlying stream to writer.
*
* @throws IOException
* if bad things happen
*/
public void flush () throws IOException
{
m_aPW.flush ();
}
/**
* Close the underlying stream writer flushing any buffered content.
*
* @throws IOException
* if bad things happen
*/
public void close () throws IOException
{
flush ();
m_aPW.close ();
m_aRawWriter.close ();
}
/**
* Checks to see if the there has been an error in the printstream.
*
* @return true if the print stream has encountered an error,
* either on the underlying output stream or during a format
* conversion.
*/
public boolean checkError ()
{
return m_aPW.checkError ();
}
/**
* @return The number of written lines. Always ≥ 0.
* @since 8.6.6
*/
@Nonnegative
public int getWrittenLines ()
{
return m_nWrittenLines;
}
/**
* flushes the writer without throwing any exceptions.
*/
public void flushQuietly ()
{
StreamHelper.flush (this);
}
}