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package com.xenoamess.commons.primitive.collections;

import com.xenoamess.commons.primitive.Primitive;
import com.xenoamess.commons.primitive.functions.ShortPredicate;
import com.xenoamess.commons.primitive.iterators.ShortIterator;
import com.xenoamess.commons.primitive.iterators.ShortSpliterator;
import com.xenoamess.commons.primitive.iterators.ShortSpliterators;

import java.util.*;
import java.util.function.IntFunction;
import java.util.function.Predicate;
import java.util.stream.Stream;
import java.util.stream.StreamSupport;

/**
 * The root interface in the collection hierarchy.  A collection
 * represents a group of objects, known as its elements.  Some
 * collections allow duplicate elements and others do not.  Some are ordered
 * and others unordered.  The JDK does not provide any direct
 * implementations of this interface: it provides implementations of more
 * specific subinterfaces like {@code Set} and {@code List}.  This interface
 * is typically used to pass collections around and manipulate them where
 * maximum generality is desired.
 *
 * 

Bags or multisets (unordered collections that may contain * duplicate elements) should implement this interface directly. * *

All general-purpose {@code Collection} implementation classes (which * typically implement {@code Collection} indirectly through one of its * subinterfaces) should provide two "standard" constructors: a void (no * arguments) constructor, which creates an empty collection, and a * constructor with a single argument of type {@code Collection}, which * creates a new collection with the same elements as its argument. In * effect, the latter constructor allows the user to copy any collection, * producing an equivalent collection of the desired implementation type. * There is no way to enforce this convention (as interfaces cannot contain * constructors) but all of the general-purpose {@code Collection} * implementations in the Java platform libraries comply. * *

Certain methods are specified to be * optional. If a collection implementation doesn't implement a * particular operation, it should define the corresponding method to throw * {@code UnsupportedOperationException}. Such methods are marked "optional * operation" in method specifications of the collections interfaces. * *

Some collection implementations * have restrictions on the elements that they may contain. * For example, some implementations prohibit null elements, * and some have restrictions on the types of their elements. Attempting to * add an ineligible element throws an unchecked exception, typically * {@code NullPointerException} or {@code ClassCastException}. Attempting * to query the presence of an ineligible element may throw an exception, * or it may simply return false; some implementations will exhibit the former * behavior and some will exhibit the latter. More generally, attempting an * operation on an ineligible element whose completion would not result in * the insertion of an ineligible element into the collection may throw an * exception or it may succeed, at the option of the implementation. * Such exceptions are marked as "optional" in the specification for this * interface. * *

It is up to each collection to determine its own synchronization * policy. In the absence of a stronger guarantee by the * implementation, undefined behavior may result from the invocation * of any method on a collection that is being mutated by another * thread; this includes direct invocations, passing the collection to * a method that might perform invocations, and using an existing * iterator to examine the collection. * *

Many methods in Collections Framework interfaces are defined in * terms of the {@link java.lang.Object#equals(Object) equals} method. For example, * the specification for the {@link #contains(Object) contains(Object o)} * method says: "returns {@code true} if and only if this collection * contains at least one element {@code e} such that * {@code (o==null ? e==null : o.equals(e))}." This specification should * not be construed to imply that invoking {@code Collection.contains} * with a non-null argument {@code o} will cause {@code o.equals(e)} to be * invoked for any element {@code e}. Implementations are free to implement * optimizations whereby the {@code equals} invocation is avoided, for * example, by first comparing the hash codes of the two elements. (The * {@link java.lang.Object#hashCode()} specification guarantees that two objects with * unequal hash codes cannot be equal.) More generally, implementations of * the various Collections Framework interfaces are free to take advantage of * the specified behavior of underlying {@link java.lang.Object} methods wherever the * implementor deems it appropriate. * *

Some collection operations which perform recursive traversal of the * collection may fail with an exception for self-referential instances where * the collection directly or indirectly contains itself. This includes the * {@code clone()}, {@code equals()}, {@code hashCode()} and {@code toString()} * methods. Implementations may optionally handle the self-referential scenario, * however most current implementations do not do so. * *

View Collections

* *

Most collections manage storage for elements they contain. By contrast, view * collections themselves do not store elements, but instead they rely on a * backing collection to store the actual elements. Operations that are not handled * by the view collection itself are delegated to the backing collection. Examples of * view collections include the wrapper collections returned by methods such as * {@link java.util.Collections#checkedCollection Collections.checkedCollection}, * and {@link java.util.Collections#unmodifiableCollection Collections.unmodifiableCollection}. * Other examples of view collections include collections that provide a * different representation of the same elements, for example, as * provided by {@link java.util.List#subList List.subList}, * {@link java.util.NavigableSet#subSet NavigableSet.subSet}, or * {@link java.util.Map#entrySet Map.entrySet}. * Any changes made to the backing collection are visible in the view collection. * Correspondingly, any changes made to the view collection — if changes * are permitted — are written through to the backing collection. * Although they technically aren't collections, instances of * {@link java.util.Iterator} and {@link java.util.ListIterator} can also allow modifications * to be written through to the backing collection, and in some cases, * modifications to the backing collection will be visible to the Iterator * during iteration. * *

Unmodifiable Collections

* *

Certain methods of this interface are considered "destructive" and are called * "mutator" methods in that they modify the group of objects contained within * the collection on which they operate. They can be specified to throw * {@code UnsupportedOperationException} if this collection implementation * does not support the operation. Such methods should (but are not required * to) throw an {@code UnsupportedOperationException} if the invocation would * have no effect on the collection. For example, consider a collection that * does not support the {@link #add add} operation. What will happen if the * {@link #addAll addAll} method is invoked on this collection, with an empty * collection as the argument? The addition of zero elements has no effect, * so it is permissible for this collection simply to do nothing and not to throw * an exception. However, it is recommended that such cases throw an exception * unconditionally, as throwing only in certain cases can lead to * programming errors. * *

An unmodifiable collection is a collection, all of whose * mutator methods (as defined above) are specified to throw * {@code UnsupportedOperationException}. Such a collection thus cannot be * modified by calling any methods on it. For a collection to be properly * unmodifiable, any view collections derived from it must also be unmodifiable. * For example, if a List is unmodifiable, the List returned by * {@link java.util.List#subList List.subList} is also unmodifiable. * *

An unmodifiable collection is not necessarily immutable. If the * contained elements are mutable, the entire collection is clearly * mutable, even though it might be unmodifiable. For example, consider * two unmodifiable lists containing mutable elements. The result of calling * {@code list1.equals(list2)} might differ from one call to the next if * the elements had been mutated, even though both lists are unmodifiable. * However, if an unmodifiable collection contains all immutable elements, * it can be considered effectively immutable. * *

Unmodifiable View Collections

* *

An unmodifiable view collection is a collection that is unmodifiable * and that is also a view onto a backing collection. Its mutator methods throw * {@code UnsupportedOperationException}, as described above, while * reading and querying methods are delegated to the backing collection. * The effect is to provide read-only access to the backing collection. * This is useful for a component to provide users with read access to * an internal collection, while preventing them from modifying such * collections unexpectedly. Examples of unmodifiable view collections * are those returned by the * {@link java.util.Collections#unmodifiableCollection Collections.unmodifiableCollection}, * {@link java.util.Collections#unmodifiableList Collections.unmodifiableList}, and * related methods. * *

Note that changes to the backing collection might still be possible, * and if they occur, they are visible through the unmodifiable view. Thus, * an unmodifiable view collection is not necessarily immutable. However, * if the backing collection of an unmodifiable view is effectively immutable, * or if the only reference to the backing collection is through an * unmodifiable view, the view can be considered effectively immutable. * *

This interface is a member of the * * Java Collections Framework. * * @author Josh Bloch * @author Neal Gafter * @author XenoAmess * @version 0.8.0 * @implSpec The default method implementations (inherited or otherwise) do not apply any * synchronization protocol. If a {@code Collection} implementation has a * specific synchronization protocol, then it must override default * implementations to apply that protocol. * @see Set * @see List * @see Map * @see SortedSet * @see SortedMap * @see HashSet * @see TreeSet * @see ArrayList * @see LinkedList * @see Vector * @see Collections * @see Arrays * @see AbstractCollection * @see Collection * @since 1.2 */ public interface ShortCollection extends Collection, ShortIterable, Primitive { // Query Operations /** * {@inheritDoc} *

* Returns {@code true} if this list contains the specified element. * More formally, returns {@code true} if and only if this list contains * at least one element {@code e} such that * {@code Objects.equals(o, e)}. */ @Override default boolean contains(Object o) { if (o == null) { return false; } if (!(o instanceof Short)) { return false; } return this.containsPrimitive((Short) o); } /** * Primitive replacement of contains(Object o) * * @param o element whose presence in this list is to be tested * @return {@code true} if this list contains the specified element * @throws java.lang.ClassCastException if the type of the specified element * is incompatible with this list * (optional) * @throws java.lang.NullPointerException if the specified element is null and this * list does not permit null elements * (optional) * @see #contains(Object o) */ default boolean contains(short o) { return this.containsPrimitive(o); } /** * Primitive replacement of contains(Object o) * * @param o element whose presence in this list is to be tested * @return {@code true} if this list contains the specified element * @throws java.lang.ClassCastException if the type of the specified element * is incompatible with this list * (optional) * @throws java.lang.NullPointerException if the specified element is null and this * list does not permit null elements * (optional) * @see #contains(Object o) */ boolean containsPrimitive(short o); /** * {@inheritDoc} *

* Returns an iterator over the elements in this collection. There are no * guarantees concerning the order in which the elements are returned * (unless this collection is an instance of some class that provides a * guarantee). */ @Override ShortIterator iterator(); /** * Returns an short array containing all of the elements in this short collection. * If this short collection makes any guarantees as to what order its elements * are returned by its iterator, this method must return the elements in * the same order. The returned array's {@linkplain Class#getComponentType * runtime component type} is {@code short}. * *

The returned array will be "safe" in that no references to it are * maintained by this collection. (In other words, this method must * allocate a new array even if this collection is backed by an array). * The caller is thus free to modify the returned array. * * @return an array, whose {@linkplain Class#getComponentType runtime component * type} is {@code Object}, containing all of the elements in this collection * @apiNote This method acts as a bridge between array-based and collection-based APIs. * It returns an array whose runtime type is {@code Object[]}. * Use {@link #toArray(Object[]) toArray(T[])} to reuse an existing * array, or use {@link #toArray(IntFunction)} to control the runtime type * of the array. */ short[] toArrayPrimitive(); /** * Returns an array containing all of the elements in this short collection; * the runtime type of the returned array is that of the specified array. * If the short collection fits in the specified array, it is returned therein. * Otherwise, a new array is allocated with the runtime type of the * specified array and the size of this short collection. * *

If this collection fits in the specified array with room to spare * (i.e., the array has more elements than this collection), the element * in the array immediately following the end of the collection is set to * {@code null}. (This is useful in determining the length of this * collection only if the caller knows that this collection does * not contain any {@code null} elements.) * *

If this short collection makes any guarantees as to what order its elements * are returned by its iterator, this method must return the elements in * the same order. * * @param a the array into which the elements of this collection are to be * stored, if it is big enough; otherwise, a new array of the same * runtime type is allocated for this purpose. * @return an array containing all of the elements in this collection * @throws ArrayStoreException if the runtime type of any element in this * collection is not assignable to the {@linkplain Class#getComponentType * runtime component type} of the specified array * @throws NullPointerException if the specified array is null * @apiNote This method acts as a bridge between array-based and collection-based APIs. * It allows an existing array to be reused under certain circumstances. * Use {@link #toArrayPrimitive()} to create an array whose runtime type is {@code short[]}, * or use {@link #toArray(IntFunction)} to control the runtime type of * the array. * *

Suppose {@code x} is a short collection. * The following code can be used to dump the collection into a previously * allocated {@code short} array: * *

     *     String[] y = new String[SIZE];
     *     ...
     *     y = x.toArray(y);
* *

The return value is reassigned to the variable {@code y}, because a * new array will be allocated and returned if the collection {@code x} has * too many elements to fit into the existing array {@code y}. * *

Note that {@code toArray(new Object[0])} is identical in function to * {@code toArray()}. */ default short[] toArray(short[] a) { return toArrayPrimitive(a); } /** * Returns an array containing all of the elements in this short collection; * the runtime type of the returned array is that of the specified array. * If the short collection fits in the specified array, it is returned therein. * Otherwise, a new array is allocated with the runtime type of the * specified array and the size of this short collection. * *

If this collection fits in the specified array with room to spare * (i.e., the array has more elements than this collection), the element * in the array immediately following the end of the collection is set to * {@code null}. (This is useful in determining the length of this * collection only if the caller knows that this collection does * not contain any {@code null} elements.) * *

If this short collection makes any guarantees as to what order its elements * are returned by its iterator, this method must return the elements in * the same order. * * @param a the array into which the elements of this collection are to be * stored, if it is big enough; otherwise, a new array of the same * runtime type is allocated for this purpose. * @return an array containing all of the elements in this collection * @throws ArrayStoreException if the runtime type of any element in this * collection is not assignable to the {@linkplain Class#getComponentType * runtime component type} of the specified array * @throws NullPointerException if the specified array is null * @apiNote This method acts as a bridge between array-based and collection-based APIs. * It allows an existing array to be reused under certain circumstances. * Use {@link #toArrayPrimitive()} to create an array whose runtime type is {@code short[]}, * or use {@link #toArray(IntFunction)} to control the runtime type of * the array. * *

Suppose {@code x} is a short collection. * The following code can be used to dump the collection into a previously * allocated {@code short} array: * *

     *     String[] y = new String[SIZE];
     *     ...
     *     y = x.toArray(y);
* *

The return value is reassigned to the variable {@code y}, because a * new array will be allocated and returned if the collection {@code x} has * too many elements to fit into the existing array {@code y}. * *

Note that {@code toArray(new Object[0])} is identical in function to * {@code toArray()}. */ short[] toArrayPrimitive(short[] a); /** * {@inheritDoc} *

* Returns an array containing all of the elements in this collection, * using the provided {@code generator} function to allocate the returned array. * *

If this collection makes any guarantees as to what order its elements * are returned by its iterator, this method must return the elements in * the same order. * * @apiNote This method acts as a bridge between array-based and collection-based APIs. * It allows creation of an array of a particular runtime type. Use * {@link #toArray()} to create an array whose runtime type is {@code Object[]}, * or use {@link #toArray(Object[]) toArray(T[])} to reuse an existing array. * *

Suppose {@code x} is a collection known to contain only strings. * The following code can be used to dump the collection into a newly * allocated array of {@code String}: * *

     *     String[] y = x.toArray(String[]::new);
* @implSpec The default implementation calls the generator function with zero * and then passes the resulting array to {@link #toArray(Object[]) toArray(T[])}. * @since 11 */ default T[] toArray(IntFunction generator) { return toArray(generator.apply(0)); } /** * {@inheritDoc} *

* Returns an array containing all of the elements in this short collection, * using the provided {@code generator} function to allocate the returned array. * *

If this short collection makes any guarantees as to what order its elements * are returned by its iterator, this method must return the elements in * the same order. * * @apiNote This method acts as a bridge between array-based and collection-based APIs. * It allows creation of an array of a particular runtime type. Use * {@link #toArrayPrimitive()} to create an array whose runtime type is {@code short[]}, * or use {@link #toArrayPrimitive(short[])} to reuse an existing array. * *

Suppose {@code x} is a collection known to contain only strings. * The following code can be used to dump the collection into a newly * allocated array of {@code short}: * *

     *     short[] y = x.toArrayPrimitive(short[]::new);
* @implSpec The default implementation calls the generator function with zero * and then passes the resulting array to {@link #toArrayPrimitive(short[])}. * @since 11 */ default short[] toArrayPrimitive(IntFunction generator) { return toArrayPrimitive(generator.apply(0)); } // Modification Operations /** * {@inheritDoc} *

* Ensures that this collection contains the specified element (optional * operation). Returns {@code true} if this collection changed as a * result of the call. (Returns {@code false} if this collection does * not permit duplicates and already contains the specified element.) *

* Collections that support this operation may place limitations on what * elements may be added to this collection. In particular, some * collections will refuse to add {@code null} elements, and others will * impose restrictions on the type of elements that may be added. * Collection classes should clearly specify in their documentation any * restrictions on what elements may be added. *

* If a collection refuses to add a particular element for any reason * other than that it already contains the element, it must throw * an exception (rather than returning {@code false}). This preserves * the invariant that a collection always contains the specified element * after this call returns. */ @Override default boolean add(Short e) { return addPrimitive(e); } /** * Primitive replacement of add(Short e) * * @param e element whose presence in this collection is to be ensured * @return {@code true} if this collection changed as a result of the * call * @throws java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException if the {@code add} operation * is not supported by this collection * @throws java.lang.ClassCastException if the class of the specified element * prevents it from being added to this collection * @throws java.lang.NullPointerException if the specified element is null and this * collection does not permit null elements * @throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException if some property of the element * prevents it from being added to this collection * @throws java.lang.IllegalStateException if the element cannot be added at this * time due to insertion restrictions * @see #add(Short e) */ default boolean add(short e) { return addPrimitive(e); } /** * Primitive replacement of add(Short e) * * @param e element whose presence in this collection is to be ensured * @return {@code true} if this collection changed as a result of the * call * @throws java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException if the {@code add} operation * is not supported by this collection * @throws java.lang.ClassCastException if the class of the specified element * prevents it from being added to this collection * @throws java.lang.NullPointerException if the specified element is null and this * collection does not permit null elements * @throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException if some property of the element * prevents it from being added to this collection * @throws java.lang.IllegalStateException if the element cannot be added at this * time due to insertion restrictions * @see #add(Short e) */ default boolean addPrimitive(short e) { throw new UnsupportedOperationException(); } /** * {@inheritDoc} *

* Removes a single instance of the specified element from this * collection, if it is present (optional operation). More formally, * removes an element {@code e} such that * {@code Objects.equals(o, e)}, if * this collection contains one or more such elements. Returns * {@code true} if this collection contained the specified element (or * equivalently, if this collection changed as a result of the call). */ @Override default boolean remove(Object o) { if (o == null) { return false; } if (!(o instanceof Short)) { return false; } return removeByContentPrimitive((Short) o); } /** * Primitive replacement of remove(Object o) * * @param o element to be removed from this collection, if present * @return {@code true} if an element was removed as a result of this call * @throws java.lang.ClassCastException if the type of the specified element * is incompatible with this collection * @throws java.lang.NullPointerException if the specified element is null and this * collection does not permit null elements * @throws java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException if the {@code remove} operation * is not supported by this collection * @see #remove(Object o) */ default boolean removeByContent(short o) { return this.removeByContentPrimitive(o); } /** * Primitive replacement of remove(Object o) * * @param o element to be removed from this collection, if present * @return {@code true} if an element was removed as a result of this call * @throws java.lang.ClassCastException if the type of the specified element * is incompatible with this collection * @throws java.lang.NullPointerException if the specified element is null and this * collection does not permit null elements * @throws java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException if the {@code remove} operation * is not supported by this collection * @see #remove(Object o) */ boolean removeByContentPrimitive(short o); // Bulk Operations /** * {@inheritDoc} *

* Removes all of the elements of this collection that satisfy the given * predicate. Errors or runtime exceptions thrown during iteration or by * the predicate are relayed to the caller. * * @implSpec The default implementation traverses all elements of the collection using * its {@link #iterator}. Each matching element is removed using * {@link java.util.Iterator#remove()}. If the collection's iterator does not * support removal then an {@code UnsupportedOperationException} will be * thrown on the first matching element. * @since 1.8 */ @Override default boolean removeIf(Predicate filter) { Objects.requireNonNull(filter); boolean removed = false; final ShortIterator each = iterator(); if (filter instanceof ShortPredicate) { ShortPredicate actionShortPredicate = (ShortPredicate) filter; while (each.hasNext()) { if (actionShortPredicate.testPrimitive(each.nextPrimitive())) { each.remove(); removed = true; } } } else { while (each.hasNext()) { if (filter.test(each.next())) { each.remove(); removed = true; } } } return removed; } // Comparison and hashing /** * {@inheritDoc} *

* Creates a {@link Spliterator} over the elements in this collection. *

* Implementations should document characteristic values reported by the * spliterator. Such characteristic values are not required to be reported * if the spliterator reports {@link Spliterator#SIZED} and this collection * contains no elements. * *

The default implementation should be overridden by subclasses that * can return a more efficient spliterator. In order to * preserve expected laziness behavior for the {@link #stream()} and * {@link #parallelStream()} methods, spliterators should either have the * characteristic of {@code IMMUTABLE} or {@code CONCURRENT}, or be * late-binding. * If none of these is practical, the overriding class should describe the * spliterator's documented policy of binding and structural interference, * and should override the {@link #stream()} and {@link #parallelStream()} * methods to create streams using a {@code Supplier} of the spliterator, * as in: *

{@code
     *     Stream s = StreamSupport.stream(() -> spliterator(), spliteratorCharacteristics)
     * }
*

These requirements ensure that streams produced by the * {@link #stream()} and {@link #parallelStream()} methods will reflect the * contents of the collection as of initiation of the terminal stream * operation. * * @implSpec The default implementation creates a * late-binding spliterator * from the collection's {@code Iterator}. The spliterator inherits the * fail-fast properties of the collection's iterator. *

* The created {@code Spliterator} reports {@link java.util.Spliterator#SIZED}. * @implNote The created {@code Spliterator} additionally reports * {@link java.util.Spliterator#SUBSIZED}. * *

If a spliterator covers no elements then the reporting of additional * characteristic values, beyond that of {@code SIZED} and {@code SUBSIZED}, * does not aid clients to control, specialize or simplify computation. * However, this does enable shared use of an immutable and empty * spliterator instance (see {@link java.util.Spliterators#emptySpliterator()}) for * empty collections, and enables clients to determine if such a spliterator * covers no elements. * @since 1.8 */ @Override default ShortSpliterator spliterator() { return ShortSpliterators.spliterator(this, 0); } /** * {@inheritDoc} *

* Returns a sequential {@code Stream} with this collection as its source. * *

This method should be overridden when the {@link #spliterator()} * method cannot return a spliterator that is {@code IMMUTABLE}, * {@code CONCURRENT}, or late-binding. (See {@link #spliterator()} * for details.) * * @implSpec The default implementation creates a sequential {@code Stream} from the * collection's {@code Spliterator}. * @since 1.8 */ @Override default Stream stream() { return StreamSupport.stream(spliterator(), false); } /** * {@inheritDoc} *

* Returns a possibly parallel {@code Stream} with this collection as its * source. It is allowable for this method to return a sequential stream. * *

This method should be overridden when the {@link #spliterator()} * method cannot return a spliterator that is {@code IMMUTABLE}, * {@code CONCURRENT}, or late-binding. (See {@link #spliterator()} * for details.) * * @implSpec The default implementation creates a parallel {@code Stream} from the * collection's {@code Spliterator}. * @since 1.8 */ @Override default Stream parallelStream() { return StreamSupport.stream(spliterator(), true); } }





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