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/* 
 * Copyright (C) 2002-2017 XimpleWare, [email protected]
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
 */
/*VTD-XML is protected by US patent 7133857, 7260652, an 7761459*/
/*All licenses to any parties in litigation with XimpleWare have been expressly terminated. No new license, and no renewal of any revoked license, 
 * is granted to those parties as a result of re-downloading software from this or any other website*/
package com.ximpleware;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.zip.GZIPInputStream;
import java.util.zip.ZipFile;
import java.util.zip.ZipInputStream;

import com.ximpleware.parser.ISO8859_10;
import com.ximpleware.parser.ISO8859_11;
import com.ximpleware.parser.ISO8859_2;
import com.ximpleware.parser.ISO8859_3;
import com.ximpleware.parser.ISO8859_4;
import com.ximpleware.parser.ISO8859_5;
import com.ximpleware.parser.ISO8859_6;
import com.ximpleware.parser.ISO8859_7;
import com.ximpleware.parser.ISO8859_8;
import com.ximpleware.parser.ISO8859_9;
import com.ximpleware.parser.UTF8Char;
import com.ximpleware.parser.WIN1250;
import com.ximpleware.parser.WIN1251;
import com.ximpleware.parser.WIN1252;
import com.ximpleware.parser.WIN1253;
import com.ximpleware.parser.WIN1254;
import com.ximpleware.parser.WIN1255;
import com.ximpleware.parser.WIN1256;
import com.ximpleware.parser.WIN1257;
import com.ximpleware.parser.WIN1258;
import com.ximpleware.parser.XMLChar;
//import com.ximpleware.parser.ISO8859_11;
import com.ximpleware.parser.ISO8859_13;
import com.ximpleware.parser.ISO8859_14;
import com.ximpleware.parser.ISO8859_15;
/**
 * VTD Generator implementation.
 * Current support built-in entities only
 * It parses DTD, but doesn't resolve declared entities
 */
public class VTDGen {

    class ASCIIReader implements IReader {
		public ASCIIReader() {
		}
		final public int getChar()
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {
			int a;
			if (offset >= endOffset)
				throw e;
			a= XMLDoc[offset++];
			if (a<0)
				throw new ParseException(
				"ASCII encoding error: invalid ASCII Char");
			return a;
		}
		final public boolean skipChar(int ch)
			throws ParseException, EOFException, EncodingException {
			if (ch == XMLDoc[offset]) {
				offset++;
				return true;
			} else {
				return false;
			}
		}
		
		final public long _getChar(int offset){
			int c = XMLDoc[offset];
			if (c=='\r' && XMLDoc[offset+1]=='\n')
				return (2L<<32)|'\n';
			return (1L<<32)|c;
		}
		
		final public char decode(int offset){
			return (char) XMLDoc[offset];
		}
		
		final public int getPrevOffset(){
			return offset-1;
		}
		
	}

	
	class ISO8859_10Reader implements IReader {
		public ISO8859_10Reader() {
		}
		final public int getChar()
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {

			if (offset >= endOffset)
				throw e;
			return ISO8859_10.decode(XMLDoc[offset++]);
		}
		final public boolean skipChar(int ch)
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {
			if (ch == ISO8859_10.decode(XMLDoc[offset])) {
				offset++;
				return true;
			} else {
				return false;
			}
		}
		final public long _getChar(int offset){
			int c = ISO8859_10.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
			if (c=='\r' && XMLDoc[offset+1]=='\n')
				return (2L<<32)|'\n';
			return (1L<<32)|c;
		}
		final public char decode(int offset){
			return ISO8859_10.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
		}
		final public int getPrevOffset(){
			return offset-1;
		}
	}
	class ISO8859_1Reader implements IReader {
		public ISO8859_1Reader() {
		}
		final public int getChar()
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {

			if (offset >= endOffset)
				throw e;
			return XMLDoc[offset++] & 0xff;
		}
		final public boolean skipChar(int ch)
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {
			if (ch == XMLDoc[offset]) {
				offset++;
				return true;
			} else {
				return false;
			}
		}
		
		final public long _getChar(int offset){
			int c = 0xff & XMLDoc[offset];
			if (c=='\r' && XMLDoc[offset+1]=='\n')
				return (2L<<32)|'\n';
			return (1L<<32)|c;
		}
		
		final public char decode(int offset){
			return (char)(XMLDoc[offset] & 0xff);
		}
		final public int getPrevOffset(){
			return offset-1;
		}
	}
	
	class ISO8859_2Reader implements IReader {
		public ISO8859_2Reader() {
		}
		final public int getChar()
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {

			if (offset >= endOffset)
				throw e;
			return ISO8859_2.decode(XMLDoc[offset++]);
		}
		final public boolean skipChar(int ch)
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {
			if (ch == ISO8859_2.decode(XMLDoc[offset])) {
				offset++;
				return true;
			} else {
				return false;
			}
		}
		final public long _getChar(int offset){
			int c = ISO8859_2.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
			if (c=='\r' && XMLDoc[offset+1]=='\n')
				return (2L<<32)|'\n';
			return (1L<<32)|c;
		}
		
		final public char decode(int offset){
			return ISO8859_2.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
		}
		final public int getPrevOffset(){
			return offset-1;
		}
	}
	class ISO8859_3Reader implements IReader {
		public ISO8859_3Reader() {
		}
		final public int getChar()
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {

			if (offset >= endOffset)
				throw e;
			return ISO8859_3.decode(XMLDoc[offset++]);
		}
		final public boolean skipChar(int ch)
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {
			if (ch == ISO8859_3.decode(XMLDoc[offset])) {
				offset++;
				return true;
			} else {
				return false;
			}
		}
		final public long _getChar(int offset){
			int c = ISO8859_3.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
			if (c=='\r' && XMLDoc[offset+1]=='\n')
				return (2L<<32)|'\n';
			return (1L<<32)|c;
		}
		final public char decode(int offset){
			return ISO8859_3.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
		}
		final public int getPrevOffset(){
			return offset-1;
		}
	}
	
	class ISO8859_4Reader implements IReader {
		public ISO8859_4Reader() {
		}
		final public int getChar()
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {

			if (offset >= endOffset)
				throw e;
			return ISO8859_4.decode(XMLDoc[offset++]);
		}
		final public boolean skipChar(int ch)
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {
			if (ch == ISO8859_4.decode(XMLDoc[offset])) {
				offset++;
				return true;
			} else {
				return false;
			}
		}
		final public long _getChar(int offset){
			int c = ISO8859_4.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
			if (c=='\r' && XMLDoc[offset+1]=='\n')
				return (2L<<32)|'\n';
			return (1L<<32)|c;
		}
		
		final public char decode(int offset){
			return ISO8859_4.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
		}
		final public int getPrevOffset(){
			return offset-1;
		}
	}
	
	class ISO8859_5Reader implements IReader {
		public ISO8859_5Reader() {
		}
		final public int getChar()
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {

			if (offset >= endOffset)
				throw e;
			return ISO8859_5.decode(XMLDoc[offset++]);
		}
		final public boolean skipChar(int ch)
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {
			if (ch == ISO8859_5.decode(XMLDoc[offset])) {
				offset++;
				return true;
			} else {
				return false;
			}
		}
		final public long _getChar(int offset){
			int c = ISO8859_5.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
			if (c=='\r' && XMLDoc[offset+1]=='\n')
				return (2L<<32)|'\n';
			return (1L<<32)|c;
		}
		final public char decode(int offset){
			return ISO8859_5.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
		}
		final public int getPrevOffset(){
			return offset-1;
		}
	}
	
	class ISO8859_6Reader implements IReader {
		public ISO8859_6Reader() {
		}
		final public int getChar()
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {

			if (offset >= endOffset)
				throw e;
			return ISO8859_6.decode(XMLDoc[offset++]);
		}
		final public boolean skipChar(int ch)
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {
			if (ch == ISO8859_6.decode(XMLDoc[offset])) {
				offset++;
				return true;
			} else {
				return false;
			}
		}
		final public long _getChar(int offset){
			int c = ISO8859_6.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
			if (c=='\r' && XMLDoc[offset+1]=='\n')
				return (2L<<32)|'\n';
			return (1L<<32)|c;
		}
		final public char decode(int offset){
			return ISO8859_6.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
		}
		final public int getPrevOffset(){
			return offset-1;
		}
	}
	class ISO8859_7Reader implements IReader {
		public ISO8859_7Reader() {
		}
		final public int getChar()
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {

			if (offset >= endOffset)
				throw e;
			return ISO8859_7.decode(XMLDoc[offset++]);
		}
		final public boolean skipChar(int ch)
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {
			if (ch == ISO8859_7.decode(XMLDoc[offset])) {
				offset++;
				return true;
			} else {
				return false;
			}
		}
		final public long _getChar(int offset){
			int c = ISO8859_7.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
			if (c=='\r' && XMLDoc[offset+1]=='\n')
				return (2L<<32)|'\n';
			return (1L<<32)|c;
		}
		
		final public char decode(int offset){
			return ISO8859_7.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
		}
		final public int getPrevOffset(){
			return offset-1;
		}
	}
	
	class ISO8859_8Reader implements IReader {
		public ISO8859_8Reader() {
		}
		final public int getChar()
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {

			if (offset >= endOffset)
				throw e;
			return ISO8859_8.decode(XMLDoc[offset++]);
		}
		final public boolean skipChar(int ch)
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {
			if (ch == ISO8859_8.decode(XMLDoc[offset])) {
				offset++;
				return true;
			} else {
				return false;
			}
		}
		final public long _getChar(int offset){
			int c = ISO8859_8.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
			if (c=='\r' && XMLDoc[offset+1]=='\n')
				return (2L<<32)|'\n';
			return (1L<<32)|c;
		}
		final public char decode(int offset){
			return ISO8859_8.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
		}
		final public int getPrevOffset(){
			return offset-1;
		}
	}

	class ISO8859_9Reader implements IReader {
		public ISO8859_9Reader() {
		}
		final public int getChar()
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {

			if (offset >= endOffset)
				throw e;
			return ISO8859_9.decode(XMLDoc[offset++]);
		}
		final public boolean skipChar(int ch)
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {
			if (ch == ISO8859_9.decode(XMLDoc[offset])) {
				offset++;
				return true;
			} else {
				return false;
			}
		}
		final public long _getChar(int offset){
			int c = ISO8859_9.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
			if (c=='\r' && XMLDoc[offset+1]=='\n')
				return (2L<<32)|'\n';
			return (1L<<32)|c;
		}
		
		final public char decode(int offset){
			return ISO8859_9.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
		}
		final public int getPrevOffset(){
			return offset-1;
		}
	}
	
	class ISO8859_11Reader implements IReader {
		public ISO8859_11Reader() {
		}
		final public int getChar()
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {

			if (offset >= endOffset)
				throw e;
			return ISO8859_11.decode(XMLDoc[offset++]);
		}
		final public boolean skipChar(int ch)
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {
			if (ch == ISO8859_11.decode(XMLDoc[offset])) {
				offset++;
				return true;
			} else {
				return false;
			}
		}
		final public long _getChar(int offset){
			int c = ISO8859_11.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
			if (c=='\r' && XMLDoc[offset+1]=='\n')
				return (2L<<32)|'\n';
			return (1L<<32)|c;
		}
		final public char decode(int offset){
			return ISO8859_11.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
		}
		final public int getPrevOffset(){
			return offset-1;
		}
	}
	class ISO8859_13Reader implements IReader {
		public ISO8859_13Reader() {
		}
		final public int getChar()
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {

			if (offset >= endOffset)
				throw e;
			return ISO8859_13.decode(XMLDoc[offset++]);
		}
		final public boolean skipChar(int ch)
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {
			if (ch == ISO8859_13.decode(XMLDoc[offset])) {
				offset++;
				return true;
			} else {
				return false;
			}
		}
		final public long _getChar(int offset){
			int c = ISO8859_13.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
			if (c=='\r' && XMLDoc[offset+1]=='\n')
				return (2L<<32)|'\n';
			return (1L<<32)|c;
		}
		final public char decode(int offset){
			return ISO8859_13.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
		}
		final public int getPrevOffset(){
			return offset-1;
		}
	}
	class ISO8859_14Reader implements IReader {
		public ISO8859_14Reader() {
		}
		final public int getChar()
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {

			if (offset >= endOffset)
				throw e;
			return ISO8859_14.decode(XMLDoc[offset++]);
		}
		final public boolean skipChar(int ch)
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {
			if (ch == ISO8859_14.decode(XMLDoc[offset])) {
				offset++;
				return true;
			} else {
				return false;
			}
		}
		final public long _getChar(int offset){
			int c = ISO8859_14.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
			if (c=='\r' && XMLDoc[offset+1]=='\n')
				return (2L<<32)|'\n';
			return (1L<<32)|c;
		}
		final public char decode(int offset){
			return ISO8859_14.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
		}
		final public int getPrevOffset(){
			return offset-1;
		}
	}
	class ISO8859_15Reader implements IReader {
		public ISO8859_15Reader() {
		}
		final public int getChar()
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {

			if (offset >= endOffset)
				throw e;
			return ISO8859_15.decode(XMLDoc[offset++]);
		}
		final public boolean skipChar(int ch)
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {
			if (ch == ISO8859_15.decode(XMLDoc[offset])) {
				offset++;
				return true;
			} else {
				return false;
			}
		}
		final public long _getChar(int offset){
			int c = ISO8859_15.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
			if (c=='\r' && XMLDoc[offset+1]=='\n')
				return (2L<<32)|'\n';
			return (1L<<32)|c;
		}
		final public char decode(int offset){
			return ISO8859_15.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
		}
		final public int getPrevOffset(){
			return offset-1;
		}
	}
	class UTF16BEReader implements IReader {
		public UTF16BEReader() {
		}
		final public int getChar()
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {
			int val = 0;
			if (offset >= endOffset)
				throw e;
			int temp = (XMLDoc[offset]&0xff) << 8 | (XMLDoc[offset + 1]&0xff);
			if ((temp < 0xd800) || (temp > 0xdfff)) { // not a high surrogate
				offset += 2;
				return temp;
			} else {
				if (temp<0xd800 || temp>0xdbff)				
					throw new EncodingException("UTF 16 BE encoding error: should never happen");
				val = temp;
				temp = (XMLDoc[offset + 2]&0xff) << 8 | (XMLDoc[offset + 3]&0xff);
				if (temp < 0xdc00 || temp > 0xdfff) {
					// has to be a low surrogate here
					throw new EncodingException("UTF 16 BE encoding error: should never happen");
				}
				val = ((val - 0xd800)<<10) + (temp - 0xdc00) + 0x10000;
				offset += 4;
				return val;
				
			}
		}
		final public boolean skipChar(int ch)
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {
			// implement UTF-16BE to UCS4 conversion
			int temp = (XMLDoc[offset]&0xff) << 8 | (XMLDoc[offset + 1]&0xff);
			if ((temp < 0xd800) || (temp > 0xdfff)) { // not a high surrogate
				//offset += 2;
				if (temp == ch) {
					offset += 2;
					return true;
				} else
					return false;
			} else {
				if (temp<0xd800 || temp>0xdbff)				
					throw new EncodingException("UTF 16 BE encoding error: should never happen");
				int val = temp;
				temp = (XMLDoc[offset + 2]&0xff) << 8 | (XMLDoc[offset + 3]&0xff);
				if (temp < 0xdc00 || temp > 0xdfff) {
					// has to be a low surrogate here
					throw new EncodingException("UTF 16 BE encoding error: should never happen");
				}
				val = ((val - 0xd800) << 10) + (temp - 0xdc00) + 0x10000;
				if (val == ch) {
					offset += 4;
					return true;
				} else
					return false;
			}
		}
		final public char decode(int offset){
			return 0;
		}
		
		final public long _getChar(int offset){
			long val; 
			
			int temp =
				((XMLDoc[offset ] & 0xff)	<< 8) 
						|(XMLDoc[offset + 1]& 0xff);
			if ((temp < 0xd800)
				|| (temp > 0xdfff)) { // not a high surrogate
				if (temp == '\r') {
					if (XMLDoc[offset  + 3] == '\n'
						&& XMLDoc[offset + 2] == 0) {
						
						return '\n'|(4L<<32);
					} else {
						return '\n'|(2L<<32);
					}
				}
				//currentOffset++;
				return temp| (2L<<32);
			} else {
				val = temp;
				temp =
					((XMLDoc[offset + 2] & 0xff)
						<< 8) | (XMLDoc[offset+ 3] & 0xff);
				val = ((temp - 0xd800) << 10) + (val - 0xdc00) + 0x10000;
				//currentOffset += 2;
				return val | (4L<<32);
			}
		}
		final public int getPrevOffset(){
			//int prevOffset = offset;
			int temp;
			    temp= (XMLDoc[offset]&0xff) << 8 | (XMLDoc[offset + 1]&0xff);
				if (temp < 0xd800 || temp > 0xdfff) {
					return offset - 2;
				} else
					return offset - 4;
		}
	}
	class UTF16LEReader implements IReader {

		public UTF16LEReader() {
		}
		final public int getChar()
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {
			int val = 0;
			if (offset >= endOffset)
				throw e;
			int temp = (XMLDoc[offset + 1] &0xff) << 8 | (XMLDoc[offset]& 0xff);
			if (temp < 0xd800 || temp > 0xdfff) { // check for low surrogate
				offset += 2;
				return temp;
			} else {
				if (temp<0xd800 || temp>0xdbff)				
					throw new EncodingException("UTF 16 LE encoding error: should never happen");
				val = temp;
				temp = (XMLDoc[offset + 3] &0xff) << 8 | (XMLDoc[offset + 2]&0xff);
				if (temp < 0xdc00 || temp > 0xdfff) {
					// has to be high surrogate
					throw new EncodingException("UTF 16 LE encoding error: should never happen");
				}
				val = ((val - 0xd800) <<10) + (temp - 0xdc00) + 0x10000;
				offset += 4;
				return val;
			}
		}
		final public boolean skipChar(int ch)
			throws EOFException, EncodingException, ParseException {

			int temp = (XMLDoc[offset + 1]&0xff) << 8 | (XMLDoc[offset]&0xff);
			if (temp < 0xd800 ||temp > 0xdfff) { // check for low surrogate
				if (temp == ch) {
					offset += 2;
					return true;
				} else {
					return false;
				}
			} else {
				if (temp<0xd800 || temp>0xdbff)				
					throw new EncodingException("UTF 16 LE encoding error: should never happen");
				int val = temp;
				temp = (XMLDoc[offset + 3] &0xff)<< 8 | (XMLDoc[offset + 2]&0xff);
				if (temp < 0xdc00 || temp > 0xdfff) {
					// has to be high surrogate
					throw new EncodingException("UTF 16 LE encoding error: should never happen");
				}
				val = ((val - 0xd800)<<10) + (temp - 0xdc00) + 0x10000;
				if (val == ch) {
					offset += 4;
					return true;
				} else
					return false;
			}

		}
		final public char decode(int offset){
			return 0;
		}
		
		final public long _getChar(int offset){
			// implement UTF-16LE to UCS4 conversion
			int val, temp =
				(XMLDoc[offset + 1 ] & 0xff)
					<< 8 | (XMLDoc[offset] & 0xff);
			if (temp < 0xdc00 || temp > 0xdfff) { // check for low surrogate
				if (temp == '\r') {
					if (XMLDoc[offset + 2] == '\n'
						&& XMLDoc[offset + 3] == 0) {
						return '\n' | (4L<<32) ;
					} else {
						return '\n' | (2L<<32);
					}
				}
				return temp | (2L<<32);
			} else {
				val = temp;
				temp =
					(XMLDoc[offset + 3]&0xff)
						<< 8 | (XMLDoc[offset + 2] & 0xff);
				val = ((temp - 0xd800)<<10) + (val - 0xdc00) + 0x10000;
				
				return val | (4L<<32);
			}
		}
		
		final public int getPrevOffset(){
			//int prevOffset = offset;
			int temp;
			 temp =(XMLDoc[offset]&0xff) << 8 | (XMLDoc[offset + 1]&0xff);
				if (temp < 0xd800 || temp > 0xdfff) {
					return offset - 2;
				} else
					return offset - 4;
		}
	}


	
	class UTF8Reader implements IReader {
		public UTF8Reader() {
		}
		final public int getChar()
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {
			if (offset >= endOffset)
				throw e;
			int temp = XMLDoc[offset];
			//int a = 0, c = 0, d = 0, val = 0;
			if (temp >= 0) {
				++offset;
				return temp;
			}
			return handleUTF8(temp);
	
		}
		
		
		private int handleUTF8(int temp) throws EncodingException, ParseException{
		    int val,c,d,a,i;
			temp = temp & 0xff;
			switch (UTF8Char.byteCount(temp)) { // handle multi-byte code
			case 2:
				c = 0x1f;
				// A mask determine the val portion of the first byte
				d = 6; // 
				a = 1; //
				break;
			case 3:
				c = 0x0f;
				d = 12;
				a = 2;
				break;
			case 4:
				c = 0x07;
				d = 18;
				a = 3;
				break;
			case 5:
				c = 0x03;
				d = 24;
				a = 4;
				break;
			case 6:
				c = 0x01;
				d = 30;
				a = 5;
				break;
			default:
				throw new ParseException(
						"UTF 8 encoding error: should never happen");
			}
			val = (temp & c) << d;
			i = a - 1;
			while (i >= 0) {
				temp = XMLDoc[offset + a - i];
				if ((temp & 0xc0) != 0x80)
					throw new ParseException(
							"UTF 8 encoding error: should never happen");
				val = val | ((temp & 0x3f) << ((i << 2) + (i << 1)));
				i--;
			}
			offset += a + 1;
			return val;
		}
		final public boolean skipChar(int ch)
			throws EOFException, EncodingException, ParseException {
			//int a = 0, c = 0, d = 0, val = 0;
			int temp = XMLDoc[offset];
			if (temp >= 0)
				if (ch == temp) {
					offset++;
					return true;
				} else {
					return false;
				}
			return skipUTF8(temp, ch);			
		}
		private boolean skipUTF8(int temp, int ch) throws EncodingException, ParseException{
		    int val, c, d, a, i;
		    temp = temp & 0xff;
			switch (UTF8Char.byteCount(temp)) { // handle multi-byte code
			case 2:
				c = 0x1f;
				// A mask determine the val portion of the first byte
				d = 6; // 
				a = 1; //
				break;
			case 3:
				c = 0x0f;
				d = 12;
				a = 2;
				break;
			case 4:
				c = 0x07;
				d = 18;
				a = 3;
				break;
			case 5:
				c = 0x03;
				d = 24;
				a = 4;
				break;
			case 6:
				c = 0x01;
				d = 30;
				a = 5;
				break;
			default:
				throw new ParseException(
						"UTF 8 encoding error: should never happen");
			}
			val = (temp & c) << d;
			i = a - 1;
			while (i >= 0) {
				temp = XMLDoc[offset + a - i];
				if ((temp & 0xc0) != 0x80)
					throw new ParseException(
							"UTF 8 encoding error: should never happen");
				val = val | ((temp & 0x3f) << ((i << 2) + (i << 1)));
				i--;
			}
			if (val == ch){
			    offset += a + 1;
			    return true;
			}else
			    return false; 
			
		}
		
		final public long _getChar(int offset){
			int temp = XMLDoc[offset];
			if (temp>=0){
				if (temp == '\r') {
					if (XMLDoc[offset + 1] == '\n') {
						return '\n'|(2L<<32);
					} else {
						return '\n'|(1L<<32);
					}
				}
				//currentOffset++;
				return temp|(1L<<32);
			}				
			return handle_utf8(temp,offset);
		}
		
		private long handle_utf8(int temp, int offset) {
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
	        int c=0, d=0, a=0; 
	        
	        long val;
	        switch (UTF8Char.byteCount((int)temp & 0xff)) {
	        case 2:
	            c = 0x1f;
	            d = 6;
	            a = 1;
	            break;
	        case 3:
	            c = 0x0f;
	            d = 12;
	            a = 2;
	            break;
	        case 4:
	            c = 0x07;
	            d = 18;
	            a = 3;
	            break;
	        case 5:
	            c = 0x03;
	            d = 24;
	            a = 4;
	            break;
	        case 6:
	            c = 0x01;
	            d = 30;
	            a = 5;
	            break;
	        }
	
	        val = (temp & c) << d;
	        int i = a - 1;
	        while (i >= 0) {
	            temp = XMLDoc[offset + a - i];
	            val = val | ((temp & 0x3f) << ((i << 2) + (i << 1)));
	            i--;
	        }
	        //currentOffset += a + 1;
	        return val | (((long)(a+1))<<32);
		}
		
		final public char decode(int offset){
			return 0;
		}
		final public int getPrevOffset(){
			int prevOffset = offset;
			int temp;
					do {
						prevOffset--;
					} while (XMLDoc[prevOffset] <0 && 
					        ((XMLDoc[prevOffset] & (byte)0xc0) == (byte)0x80));
					return prevOffset;
		}
	}
	
	class WIN1250Reader implements IReader {
		public WIN1250Reader() {
		}
		final public int getChar()
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {

			if (offset >= endOffset)
				throw e;
			return WIN1250.decode(XMLDoc[offset++]);
		}
		final public boolean skipChar(int ch)
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {
			if (ch == WIN1250.decode(XMLDoc[offset])) {
				offset++;
				return true;
			} else {
				return false;
			}
		}
		final public long _getChar(int offset){
			int c = WIN1250.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
			if (c=='\r' && XMLDoc[offset+1]=='\n')
				return (2L<<32)|'\n';
			return (1L<<32)|c;
		}
		
		final public char decode(int offset){
			return WIN1250.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
		}
		final public int getPrevOffset(){
			return offset-1;
		}
	}
	class WIN1251Reader implements IReader {
		public WIN1251Reader() {
		}
		final public int getChar()
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {

			if (offset >= endOffset)
				throw e;
			return WIN1251.decode(XMLDoc[offset++]);
		}
		final public boolean skipChar(int ch)
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {
			if (ch == WIN1251.decode(XMLDoc[offset])) {
				offset++;
				return true;
			} else {
				return false;
			}
		}
		final public long _getChar(int offset){
			int c = WIN1251.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
			if (c=='\r' && XMLDoc[offset+1]=='\n')
				return (2L<<32)|'\n';
			return (1L<<32)|c;
		}
		final public char decode(int offset){
			return WIN1251.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
		}
		final public int getPrevOffset(){
			return offset-1;
		}
	}
	
	
	
	
	class WIN1252Reader implements IReader {
		public WIN1252Reader() {
		}
		final public int getChar()
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {

			if (offset >= endOffset)
				throw e;
			return WIN1252.decode(XMLDoc[offset++]);
		}
		final public boolean skipChar(int ch)
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {
			if (ch == WIN1252.decode(XMLDoc[offset])) {
				offset++;
				return true;
			} else {
				return false;
			}
		}
		final public long _getChar(int offset){
			int c = WIN1252.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
			if (c=='\r' && XMLDoc[offset+1]=='\n')
				return (2L<<32)|'\n';
			return (1L<<32)|c;
		}
		final public char decode(int offset){
			return WIN1252.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
		}
		final public int getPrevOffset(){
			return offset-1;
		}
	}
	
	class WIN1253Reader implements IReader {
		public WIN1253Reader() {
		}
		final public int getChar()
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {

			if (offset >= endOffset)
				throw e;
			return WIN1253.decode(XMLDoc[offset++]);
		}
		final public boolean skipChar(int ch)
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {
			if (ch == WIN1253.decode(XMLDoc[offset])) {
				offset++;
				return true;
			} else {
				return false;
			}
		}
		final public long _getChar(int offset){
			int c = WIN1253.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
			if (c=='\r' && XMLDoc[offset+1]=='\n')
				return (2L<<32)|'\n';
			return (1L<<32)|c;
		}
		final public char decode(int offset){
			return WIN1253.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
		}
		final public int getPrevOffset(){
			return offset-1;
		}
	}
	
	class WIN1254Reader implements IReader {
		public WIN1254Reader() {
		}
		final public int getChar()
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {

			if (offset >= endOffset)
				throw e;
			return WIN1254.decode(XMLDoc[offset++]);
		}
		final public boolean skipChar(int ch)
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {
			if (ch == WIN1254.decode(XMLDoc[offset])) {
				offset++;
				return true;
			} else {
				return false;
			}
		}
		final public long _getChar(int offset){
			int c = WIN1254.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
			if (c=='\r' && XMLDoc[offset+1]=='\n')
				return (2L<<32)|'\n';
			return (1L<<32)|c;
		}
		final public char decode(int offset){
			return WIN1254.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
		}
		final public int getPrevOffset(){
			return offset-1;
		}
	}
	
	class WIN1255Reader implements IReader {
		public WIN1255Reader() {
		}
		final public int getChar()
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {

			if (offset >= endOffset)
				throw e;
			return WIN1255.decode(XMLDoc[offset++]);
		}
		final public boolean skipChar(int ch)
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {
			if (ch == WIN1255.decode(XMLDoc[offset])) {
				offset++;
				return true;
			} else {
				return false;
			}
		}
		final public long _getChar(int offset){
			int c = WIN1255.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
			if (c=='\r' && XMLDoc[offset+1]=='\n')
				return (2L<<32)|'\n';
			return (1L<<32)|c;
		}
		final public char decode(int offset){
			return WIN1255.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
		}
		final public int getPrevOffset(){
			return offset-1;
		}
	}
	
	class WIN1256Reader implements IReader {
		public WIN1256Reader() {
		}
		final public int getChar()
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {

			if (offset >= endOffset)
				throw e;
			return WIN1256.decode(XMLDoc[offset++]);
		}
		final public boolean skipChar(int ch)
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {
			if (ch == WIN1256.decode(XMLDoc[offset])) {
				offset++;
				return true;
			} else {
				return false;
			}
		}
		final public long _getChar(int offset){
			int c = WIN1256.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
			if (c=='\r' && XMLDoc[offset+1]=='\n')
				return (2L<<32)|'\n';
			return (1L<<32)|c;
		}
		final public char decode(int offset){
			return WIN1256.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
		}
		final public int getPrevOffset(){
			return offset-1;
		}
	}
	
	class WIN1257Reader implements IReader {
		public WIN1257Reader() {
		}
		final public int getChar()
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {

			if (offset >= endOffset)
				throw e;
			return WIN1257.decode(XMLDoc[offset++]);
		}
		final public boolean skipChar(int ch)
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {
			if (ch == WIN1257.decode(XMLDoc[offset])) {
				offset++;
				return true;
			} else {
				return false;
			}
		}
		final public long _getChar(int offset){
			int c = WIN1257.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
			if (c=='\r' && XMLDoc[offset+1]=='\n')
				return (2L<<32)|'\n';
			return (1L<<32)|c;
		}
		final public char decode(int offset){
			return WIN1257.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
		}
		final public int getPrevOffset(){
			return offset-1;
		}
	}
	
	class WIN1258Reader implements IReader {
		public WIN1258Reader() {
		}
		final public int getChar()
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {

			if (offset >= endOffset)
				throw e;
			return WIN1258.decode(XMLDoc[offset++]);
		}
		final public boolean skipChar(int ch)
			throws EOFException, ParseException, EncodingException {
			if (ch == WIN1258.decode(XMLDoc[offset])) {
				offset++;
				return true;
			} else {
				return false;
			}
		}
		final public long _getChar(int offset){
			int c = WIN1258.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
			if (c=='\r' && XMLDoc[offset+1]=='\n')
				return (2L<<32)|'\n';
			return (1L<<32)|c;
		}
		
		final public char decode(int offset){
			return WIN1258.decode(XMLDoc[offset]);
		}
		final public int getPrevOffset(){
			return offset-1;
		}
	}

	// attr_name_array size
	private final static int ATTR_NAME_ARRAY_SIZE = 16;
	public final static int FORMAT_ASCII = 0;

	public final static int FORMAT_ISO_8859_1 = 1;
	public final static int FORMAT_ISO_8859_10 = 11;
	public final static int FORMAT_ISO_8859_11 = 12;
	public final static int FORMAT_ISO_8859_12 = 13;
	public final static int FORMAT_ISO_8859_13 = 14;
	public final static int FORMAT_ISO_8859_14 = 15;
	public final static int FORMAT_ISO_8859_15 = 16;
	public final static int FORMAT_ISO_8859_16 = 17;
	public final static int FORMAT_ISO_8859_2 = 3;
	public final static int FORMAT_ISO_8859_3 = 4;
	public final static int FORMAT_ISO_8859_4 = 5;
	public final static int FORMAT_ISO_8859_5 = 6;
	public final static int FORMAT_ISO_8859_6 = 7;
	public final static int FORMAT_ISO_8859_7 = 8;
	public final static int FORMAT_ISO_8859_8 = 9;
	public final static int FORMAT_ISO_8859_9 = 10;
	public final static int FORMAT_UTF_16BE = 63;
	public final static int FORMAT_UTF_16LE = 64;

	// encoding format
	public final static int FORMAT_UTF8 = 2;
	
	public final static int FORMAT_WIN_1250 = 18;
	public final static int FORMAT_WIN_1251 = 19;
	public final static int FORMAT_WIN_1252 = 20;
	public final static int FORMAT_WIN_1253 = 21;
	public final static int FORMAT_WIN_1254 = 22;
	public final static int FORMAT_WIN_1255 = 23;
	public final static int FORMAT_WIN_1256 = 24;
	public final static int FORMAT_WIN_1257 = 25;
	public final static int FORMAT_WIN_1258 = 26;
	public final static int MAX_DEPTH = 254; // maximum depth value
	// max prefix length
	public final static int MAX_PREFIX_LENGTH = (1<<9) -1;
	// max Qname length
	public final static int MAX_QNAME_LENGTH = (1<<11) -1;
	// max Token length
	public final static int MAX_TOKEN_LENGTH = (1<<20) -1;
	private final static int STATE_ATTR_NAME = 3;
	private final static int STATE_ATTR_VAL = 4;
	private final static int STATE_CDATA = 12;
	private final static int STATE_COMMENT = 11;
	private final static int STATE_DEC_ATTR_NAME = 10;
	private final static int STATE_DOC_END = 7; // end of document 
	private final static int STATE_DOC_START = 6; // beginning of document
	private final static int STATE_DOCTYPE = 13;
	private final static int STATE_END_COMMENT = 14;
	// comment appear after the last ending tag
	private final static int STATE_END_PI = 15;
	private final static int STATE_END_TAG = 2;
	// internal parser state

	private final static int STATE_LT_SEEN = 0; // encounter the first <
	private final static int STATE_PI_TAG =8;
	private final static int STATE_PI_VAL = 9;
	private final static int STATE_START_TAG = 1;
	private final static int STATE_TEXT = 5;
	// tag_stack size
	private final static int TAG_STACK_SIZE = 256;
	public final static int TOKEN_ATTR_NAME = 2;
	public final static int TOKEN_ATTR_NS = 3;
	public final static int TOKEN_ATTR_VAL = 4;
	public final static int TOKEN_CDATA_VAL = 11;
	public final static int TOKEN_CHARACTER_DATA = 5;
	public final static int TOKEN_COMMENT = 6;
	public final static int TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_NAME = 9;
	public final static int TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL = 10;
	public final static int TOKEN_DOCUMENT = 13;
	public final static int TOKEN_DTD_VAL = 12;
	public final static int TOKEN_ENDING_TAG = 1;
	public final static int TOKEN_PI_NAME = 7;
	public final static int TOKEN_PI_VAL = 8;
	//private final static int STATE_END_PI_VAL = 17;

	// token type
	public final static int TOKEN_STARTING_TAG = 0;
	protected byte[] XMLDoc;
	protected IReader r;
	private int ch;
	private int ch_temp;
	protected int offset;
	protected int depth;
	private int length1, length2;
	protected boolean helper=false;
	protected boolean default_ns = false; //true xmlns='abc'
	protected boolean isXML = false;  
	protected boolean singleByteEncoding;
	protected boolean shallowDepth; // true if lc depth is 3
	protected boolean ns,is_ns;
	protected boolean br; //buffer reuse
	
	private int temp_offset;
	protected int endOffset;
	protected int prev_offset;
	private int increment;
	protected long[] tag_stack;
	private long[] attr_name_array;
	
	private int attr_count;
	private long[] prefixed_attr_name_array;
	private int[] prefix_URL_array;
	private int prefixed_attr_count;

	protected FastLongBuffer VTDBuffer;
	
	
	//protected int offset_adj; // determine the byte length for ':' for various encoding types
    
	// again, in terms of byte, not char as encoded in VTD
	
	protected FastLongBuffer l1Buffer;
	protected FastLongBuffer l2Buffer;
	protected FastIntBuffer l3Buffer;
	protected FastLongBuffer _l3Buffer;
	protected FastLongBuffer _l4Buffer;
	protected FastIntBuffer _l5Buffer;
	
	protected FastIntBuffer nsBuffer1;
	protected FastLongBuffer nsBuffer2;
	protected FastLongBuffer nsBuffer3;
	

	
	private int last_depth;
	private int last_l1_index;
	private int last_l2_index;
	private int last_l3_index;
	private int last_l4_index;
	
	protected EOFException e;
	protected int docLen;
	protected int docOffset;
	protected int encoding;
	//namespace aware flag
	
	// this is byte offset, not char offset as encoded in VTD
	protected boolean ws;  // to prserve whitespace or not, default to false
	protected int rootIndex;
	protected int VTDDepth; // Maximum Depth of VTDs
	protected short LcDepth;
	
	protected long currentElementRecord;
	private boolean must_utf_8;
	private boolean BOM_detected;
	
	/**
	 * VTDGen constructor method.
	 */
	public VTDGen() {
		attr_name_array = new long[ATTR_NAME_ARRAY_SIZE];
		prefixed_attr_name_array = new long[ATTR_NAME_ARRAY_SIZE];
		prefix_URL_array = new int[ATTR_NAME_ARRAY_SIZE];
		tag_stack = new long[TAG_STACK_SIZE];
		//scratch_buffer = new int[10];
		VTDDepth = 0;
		LcDepth = 5;
		
		br = false;
		e =  new EOFException("permature EOF reached, XML document incomplete");
		ws = false;
		nsBuffer1 = new FastIntBuffer(4);
		nsBuffer2 = new FastLongBuffer(4);
		nsBuffer3 = new FastLongBuffer(4);
		currentElementRecord = 0;
		singleByteEncoding = true;
		shallowDepth =false;
		helper=false;
		default_ns = false; //true xmlns='abc'
		isXML = false;  
		//offset_adj = 1;
	}
	/**
	 * Clear internal states so VTDGEn can process the next file.
	 */
	public void clear() {
	    if (br==false){
	        VTDBuffer = null;
	        l1Buffer = null;
	        l2Buffer = null;
	        l3Buffer = null;
	        _l3Buffer = null;
	        _l4Buffer = null;
	        _l5Buffer = null;
	    }
		XMLDoc = null;
		offset = temp_offset =0;
		last_depth = last_l1_index = last_l2_index = last_l3_index=last_l4_index=0;
		rootIndex = 0;
		depth = -1;
		increment =1;
		BOM_detected = false;
		must_utf_8 = false;
		ch = ch_temp = 0;
		nsBuffer1.size=0;
		nsBuffer2.size=0;
		nsBuffer3.size=0;
		currentElementRecord = 0;
	}
	
	/**
	 * Enable the parser to collect all white spaces, including the trivial white spaces
	 * By default, trivial white spaces are ignored
	 * @param b
	 */
	public void enableIgnoredWhiteSpace(boolean b){
		ws = b;
	}

	/**
	 * Configure VTDGen to generate Location Cache of either depth 3 or 5
	 * This method is meant to called before setDoc() or parseFile()
	 * @param i
	 */
	public void selectLcDepth(int i) throws ParseException{
		if (i!=3 &&i!=5)
			throw new IllegalArgumentException("LcDepth can only take the value of 3 or 5");
		//new ParseException("LcDepth can only take the value of 3 or 5");
		if (i==5)
			shallowDepth = false;
		else 
			shallowDepth = true;
	}
	/**
	 * Write white space records that are ignored by default 
	 */
	private void addWhiteSpaceRecord() {
		if (depth > -1) {
			int length1 = offset - increment - temp_offset;
			if (length1 != 0)
				if (singleByteEncoding)//if (encoding < FORMAT_UTF_16BE)
					writeVTDText(temp_offset, length1, TOKEN_CHARACTER_DATA, depth);
				else
					writeVTDText(temp_offset >> 1, length1 >> 1,
							TOKEN_CHARACTER_DATA, depth);
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * A private method that detects the BOM and decides document encoding
	 * @throws EncodingException
	 * @throws ParseException
	 */
	private void decide_encoding() throws EncodingException,ParseException {
	    if (XMLDoc.length==0)
	        throw new EncodingException("Document is zero sized ");
		if (XMLDoc[offset] == -2) {
			increment = 2;
			if (XMLDoc[offset + 1] == -1) {
				offset += 2;
				encoding = FORMAT_UTF_16BE;
				BOM_detected = true;
				r = new UTF16BEReader();
			} else
				throw new EncodingException("Unknown Character encoding: should be 0xff 0xfe");
		} else if (XMLDoc[offset] == -1) {
			increment = 2;
			if (XMLDoc[offset + 1] == -2) {
				offset += 2;
				encoding = FORMAT_UTF_16LE;
				BOM_detected = true;
				r = new UTF16LEReader();
			} else
				throw new EncodingException("Unknown Character encoding: not UTF-16LE");
		} else if (XMLDoc[offset] == -17){
		    if (XMLDoc[offset+1] == -69 && XMLDoc[offset+2]==-65){
		      offset +=3;
		      must_utf_8= true;
		    }
		    else 
		    	throw new EncodingException("Unknown Character encoding: not UTF-8");
		}
		else if (XMLDoc[offset]==0){
			if (XMLDoc[offset+1] == 0x3c 
					&& XMLDoc[offset+2] == 0 
					&& XMLDoc[offset+3] == 0x3f){
				encoding = FORMAT_UTF_16BE;
				increment = 2;
				r = new UTF16BEReader();
				}
			else
				throw new EncodingException("Unknown Character encoding: not UTF-16BE");
		}
		else if (XMLDoc[offset]==0x3c){
			if (XMLDoc[offset+1] == 0 
					&& XMLDoc[offset+2] == 0x3f 
					&& XMLDoc[offset+3] == 0){
				increment = 2;
				encoding = FORMAT_UTF_16LE;				
				r = new UTF16LEReader();
				}			
		}
		// check for max file size exception
		if (encoding < FORMAT_UTF_16BE) {
		    if (ns){
		        if ((offset + (long)docLen) >= 1L << 30)
		            throw new ParseException("Other error: file size too big >=1GB ");
		    }
			else {
			    if ((offset + (long)docLen) >= 1L <<31)
			    	throw new ParseException("Other error: file size too big >=2GB ");
			}
		} else {
			//offset_adj = 2;
			if ((offset+ (long)docLen) >= 1L << 31)
				throw new ParseException("Other error: file size too large >= 2GB");
		}
		if (encoding >= FORMAT_UTF_16BE )
			singleByteEncoding = false;
	}
	/**
	 * This method will detect whether the entity is valid or not and increment offset.
	 * @return int
	 * @throws com.ximpleware.ParseException Super class for any exception during parsing.
	 * @throws com.ximpleware.EncodingException UTF/native encoding exception.
	 * @throws com.ximpleware.EOFException End of file exception.
	 */
	private int entityIdentifier() throws EntityException, EncodingException,EOFException, ParseException {
		int ch = r.getChar();
		int val = 0;

		switch (ch) {
		case '#':
			ch = r.getChar();
			if (ch == 'x') {
				while (true) {
					ch = r.getChar();
					if (ch >= '0' && ch <= '9') {
						val = (val << 4) + (ch - '0');
					} else if (ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'f') {
						val = (val << 4) + (ch - 'a' + 10);
					} else if (ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'F') {
						val = (val << 4) + (ch - 'A' + 10);
					} else if (ch == ';') {
						return val;
					} else
						throw new EntityException("Errors in char reference: Illegal char following &#x.");
				}
			} else {
				while (true) {
					if (ch >= '0' && ch <= '9') {
						val = val * 10 + (ch - '0');
					} else if (ch == ';') {
						break;
					} else
						throw new EntityException("Errors in char reference: Illegal char following &#.");
						ch = r.getChar();
				}
			}
			if (!XMLChar.isValidChar(val)) {
				throw new EntityException("Errors in entity reference: Invalid XML char.");
			}
			return val;
			//break;

			case 'a' :
				ch = r.getChar();
				if (ch == 'm') {
					if (r.getChar() == 'p' && r.getChar() == ';') {
						//System.out.println(" entity for &");
						return '&';
					} else
						throw new EntityException("Errors in Entity: Illegal builtin reference");
				} else if (ch == 'p') {
					if (r.getChar() == 'o'
						&& r.getChar() == 's'
						&& r.getChar() == ';') {
						//System.out.println(" entity for ' ");
						return '\'';
					} else
						throw new EntityException("Errors in Entity: Illegal builtin reference");
				} else
					throw new EntityException("Errors in Entity: Illegal builtin reference");

			case 'q' :
				if (r.getChar() == 'u'
					&& r.getChar() == 'o'
					&& r.getChar() == 't'
					&& r.getChar() == ';') {
					return '"';
				} else
					throw new EntityException("Errors in Entity: Illegal builtin reference");
			case 'l' :
				if (r.getChar() == 't' && r.getChar() == ';') {
					return '<';
				} else
					throw new EntityException("Errors in Entity: Illegal builtin reference");
				//break;
			case 'g' :
				if (r.getChar() == 't' && r.getChar() == ';') {
					return '>';
				} else
					throw new EntityException("Errors in Entity: Illegal builtin reference");
			default :
				throw new EntityException("Errors in Entity: Illegal entity char");
		}
		//return val;
	}
	/**
	 * Write the remaining portion of LC info
	 *
	 */
	private void finishUp(){
		if (shallowDepth){
			if (last_depth == 1) {
				l1Buffer.append(((long) last_l1_index << 32) | 0xffffffffL);
			} else if (last_depth == 2) {
				l2Buffer.append(((long) last_l2_index << 32) | 0xffffffffL);
			}
		}else{
			if (last_depth == 1) {
				l1Buffer.append(((long) last_l1_index << 32) | 0xffffffffL);
			} else if (last_depth == 2) {
				l2Buffer.append(((long) last_l2_index << 32) | 0xffffffffL);
			}else if (last_depth == 3) {
				_l3Buffer.append(((long) last_l3_index << 32) | 0xffffffffL);
			}else if (last_depth == 4) {
				_l4Buffer.append(((long) last_l4_index << 32) | 0xffffffffL);
			}
		}
	}
	/**
	 * Format the string indicating the position (line number:offset)of the offset if 
	 * there is an exception.
	 * @return java.lang.String indicating the line number and offset of the exception
	 */
	private String formatLineNumber() {
		return formatLineNumber(offset);
	}
	
	private String formatLineNumber(int os) {
		int so = docOffset;
		int lineNumber = 0;
		int lineOffset = 0;

		if (encoding < FORMAT_UTF_16BE) {
			while (so <= os-1) {
				if (XMLDoc[so] == '\n') {
					lineNumber++;
					lineOffset = so;
				}
				//lineOffset++;
				so++;
			}
			lineOffset = os - lineOffset;
		} else if (encoding == FORMAT_UTF_16BE) {
			while (so <= os-2) {
				if (XMLDoc[so + 1] == '\n' && XMLDoc[so] == 0) {
					lineNumber++;
					lineOffset = so;
				}
				so += 2;
			}
			lineOffset = (os - lineOffset) >> 1;
		} else {
			while (so <= os-2) {
				if (XMLDoc[so] == '\n' && XMLDoc[so + 1] == 0) {
					lineNumber++;
					lineOffset = so;
				}
				so += 2;
			}
			lineOffset = (os - lineOffset) >> 1;
		}
		return "\nLine Number: " + (lineNumber+1) + " Offset: " + (lineOffset-1);
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * The entity ignorant version of getCharAfterS.
	 * @return int
	 * @throws ParseException 
	 * @throws EncodingException 
	 * @throws com.ximpleware.EOFException 
	 */
	final private int getCharAfterS()
		throws ParseException, EncodingException, EOFException {
		int n;
		
		do {
			n = r.getChar();
			if (XMLChar.isSpaceChar(n)){
			}
			else
			   return n;
			n = r.getChar();
			if (XMLChar.isSpaceChar(n)){				
			}
			else
				return n;
			
			//n = r.getChar();

			/*if ((n == ' ' || n == '\n' || n =='\t'|| n == '\r'  ) ) {
			//if (XMLChar.isSpaceChar(n) ) {
			} else
				return n;*/
			/*n = r.getChar();
			if ((n == ' ' || n == '\n' || n =='\t'|| n == '\r'  ) ) {
			} else
				return n;
			n = r.getChar();
			if (n == ' ' || n == '\n' || n =='\t'|| n == '\r'  ) {
			} else
				return n;*/
		} while(true);
		//throw new EOFException("should never come here");
	}
	/**
	 * The entity aware version of getCharAfterS
	 * @return int
	 * @throws ParseException Super class for any exception during parsing.
	 * @throws EncodingException UTF/native encoding exception.
	 * @throws com.ximpleware.EOFException End of file exception.
	 */
//	private int getCharAfterSe()
//		throws ParseException, EncodingException, EOFException {
//		int n = 0;
//		int temp; //offset saver
//		while (true) {
//			n = r.getChar();
//			if (!XMLChar.isSpaceChar(n)) {
//				if (n != '&')
//					return n;
//				else {
//					temp = offset;
//					if (!XMLChar.isSpaceChar(entityIdentifier())) {
//						offset = temp; // rewind
//						return '&';
//					}
//				}
//			}
//			n = r.getChar();
//			if (!XMLChar.isSpaceChar(n)) {
//				if (n != '&')
//					return n;
//				else {
//					temp = offset;
//					if (!XMLChar.isSpaceChar(entityIdentifier())) {
//						offset = temp; // rewind
//						return '&';
//					}
//				}
//			}
//		}
//	}
	
	
	/**
	 * Pre-compute the size of VTD+XML index
	 * @return size of the index
	 *
	 */
	 
	public long getIndexSize(){
	    int size;
	    if ( (docLen & 7)==0)
	       size = docLen;
	    else
	       size = ((docLen >>3)+1)<<3;
	    
	    size += (VTDBuffer.size <<3)+
	            (l1Buffer.size <<3)+
	            (l2Buffer.size <<3);
	    
	    if ((l3Buffer.size & 1) == 0){ //even
	        size += l3Buffer.size<<2;
	    } else {
	        size += (l3Buffer.size+1)<<2; //odd
	    }
	    return size+64;
	}
	/**
	 * This method returns the VTDNav object after parsing, it also cleans 
	 * internal state so VTDGen can process the next file.
	 * @return com.ximpleware.VTDNav
	 */
	public VTDNav getNav() {
		// call VTDNav constructor
		VTDNav vn;
		if (shallowDepth)
			vn = new VTDNav(rootIndex, encoding, ns, VTDDepth,
					new UniByteBuffer(XMLDoc), VTDBuffer, l1Buffer, l2Buffer,
					l3Buffer, docOffset, docLen);
		else
			vn = new VTDNav_L5(rootIndex, encoding, ns, VTDDepth,
					new UniByteBuffer(XMLDoc), VTDBuffer, l1Buffer, l2Buffer,
					_l3Buffer, _l4Buffer, _l5Buffer, docOffset, docLen);
		clear();
		r = new UTF8Reader();
		return vn;
	}
	/**
	 * Get the offset value of previous character.
	 * @return int
	 * @throws ParseException Super class for exceptions during parsing.
	 */
	private int getPrevOffset() throws ParseException {
		int prevOffset = offset;
		int temp;
		switch (encoding) {
			case FORMAT_UTF8 :
				do {
					prevOffset--;
				} while (XMLDoc[prevOffset] <0 && 
				        ((XMLDoc[prevOffset] & (byte)0xc0) == (byte)0x80));
				return prevOffset;
			case FORMAT_ASCII :
			case FORMAT_ISO_8859_1:
			case FORMAT_ISO_8859_2:
			case FORMAT_ISO_8859_3:
			case FORMAT_ISO_8859_4:
			case FORMAT_ISO_8859_5:
			case FORMAT_ISO_8859_6:
			case FORMAT_ISO_8859_7:
			case FORMAT_ISO_8859_8:
			case FORMAT_ISO_8859_9:
			case FORMAT_ISO_8859_10:
			case FORMAT_ISO_8859_11:
			case FORMAT_ISO_8859_13:
			case FORMAT_ISO_8859_14:
			case FORMAT_ISO_8859_15:
			case FORMAT_WIN_1250:
			case FORMAT_WIN_1251:
			case FORMAT_WIN_1252:
			case FORMAT_WIN_1253:
			case FORMAT_WIN_1254:
			case FORMAT_WIN_1255:
			case FORMAT_WIN_1256:
			case FORMAT_WIN_1257:
			case FORMAT_WIN_1258:
				return offset - 1;
			case FORMAT_UTF_16LE :
			    temp= (XMLDoc[offset]&0xff) << 8 | (XMLDoc[offset + 1]&0xff);
				if (temp < 0xd800 || temp > 0xdfff) {
					return offset - 2;
				} else
					return offset - 4;
			case FORMAT_UTF_16BE :
			    temp =(XMLDoc[offset]&0xff) << 8 | (XMLDoc[offset + 1]&0xff);
				if (temp < 0xd800 || temp > 0xdfff) {
					return offset - 2;
				} else
					return offset - 4;
			default :
				throw new ParseException("Other Error: Should never happen");
		}
	}
	/**
	 * This method loads the VTD+XML from a byte array
	 * @return VTDNav
	 * @param ba
	 * @throws IOException
	 * @throws IndexReadException
	 *
	 */
	public VTDNav loadIndex(byte[] ba)throws IOException,IndexReadException{
	    IndexHandler.readIndex(ba,this);
	    return getNav();
	}
	/**
	 * This method loads the VTD+XML from an input stream
	 * @return VTDNav
	 * @param is
	 * @throws IOException
	 * @throws IndexReadException
	 *
	 */
	public VTDNav loadIndex(InputStream is) throws IOException,IndexReadException{
	    IndexHandler.readIndex(is, this);
	    return getNav();
	}
	/**
	 * This method loads the VTD+XML from a file
	 * @return VTDNav
	 * @param fileName
	 * @throws IOException
	 * @throws IndexReadException
	 *
	 */
	public VTDNav loadIndex(String fileName)throws IOException,IndexReadException{
	    FileInputStream fis = null;
        try {
            fis = new FileInputStream(fileName);
            return loadIndex(fis);
        } finally {
            if (fis != null)
                fis.close();
        }
	}
	

	
	/**
	 * Load the separate VTD index and XmL file.
	 * Refer to persistence model of separate vtd index
	 * for more details
	 * @param XMLFileName name of xml file
	 * @param VTDIndexName name of the vtd index file
	 * @return VTDNav object
	 * @throws IOException
	 * @throws IndexReadException
	 *
	 */
	public VTDNav loadSeparateIndex(String XMLFileName, String VTDIndexName) throws IOException, IndexReadException{
	     FileInputStream xfis = null;
	     FileInputStream vfis = null;
	     xfis = new FileInputStream(XMLFileName);
	     int size = (int)(new File(XMLFileName)).length();
	     vfis = new FileInputStream(VTDIndexName);
	     IndexHandler.readSeparateIndex( vfis, xfis, size, this);
	     return getNav();
	}
	private void matchCPEncoding()throws ParseException{
	    if ((r.skipChar('p') || r.skipChar('P')) && r.skipChar('1')
                && r.skipChar('2') && r.skipChar('5')) {
            if (encoding <= FORMAT_UTF_16LE) {
                if (must_utf_8)
                    throw new EncodingException(
                            "Can't switch from UTF-8"
                                    + formatLineNumber());
                if (r.skipChar('0')){
				    encoding = FORMAT_WIN_1250;
				    r=new WIN1250Reader();
				    _writeVTD(temp_offset, 6,
								TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
								depth);				    
				}else if (r.skipChar('1')){
				    encoding = FORMAT_WIN_1251;
				    r=new WIN1251Reader();
				    _writeVTD(temp_offset, 6,
								TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
								depth);				    
				}else if (r.skipChar('2')){
				    encoding = FORMAT_WIN_1252;
				    r=new WIN1252Reader();
				    _writeVTD(temp_offset, 6,
								TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
								depth);				    
				}else if (r.skipChar('3')){
				    encoding = FORMAT_WIN_1253;
				    r=new WIN1253Reader();
				    _writeVTD(temp_offset, 6,
								TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
								depth);				    
				}else if (r.skipChar('4')){
				    encoding = FORMAT_WIN_1254;
				    r=new WIN1254Reader();
				    _writeVTD(temp_offset, 6,
								TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
								depth);				   
				}else if (r.skipChar('5') ){
				    encoding = FORMAT_WIN_1255;
				    r=new WIN1255Reader();
				    _writeVTD(temp_offset, 6,
								TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
								depth);				    
				}else if (r.skipChar('6')){
				    encoding = FORMAT_WIN_1256;
				    r=new WIN1256Reader();
				    _writeVTD(temp_offset, 6,
								TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
								depth);
				}else if (r.skipChar('7') ){
				    encoding = FORMAT_WIN_1257;
				    r=new WIN1257Reader();
				    _writeVTD(temp_offset, 6,
								TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
								depth);
				}else if (r.skipChar('8') ){
				    encoding = FORMAT_WIN_1258;
				    r=new WIN1258Reader();
				    _writeVTD(temp_offset, 6,
								TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
								depth);
				}else   
				    throw new ParseException(
						"XML decl error: Invalid Encoding"
						+ formatLineNumber());
                if (r.skipChar(ch_temp))
                    return;				
            } else
                throw new ParseException(
                        "XML decl error: Can't switch encoding to ISO-8859"
                                + formatLineNumber());
				
				}
	    throw new ParseException(
				"XML decl error: Invalid Encoding"
						+ formatLineNumber());	    
	}
	
	private void matchISOEncoding()throws ParseException{
		if ((r.skipChar('s') || r.skipChar('S'))
				&& (r.skipChar('o') || r.skipChar('O'))
				&& r.skipChar('-') && r.skipChar('8')
				&& r.skipChar('8') && r.skipChar('5')
				&& r.skipChar('9') && r.skipChar('-'))
				{
		    if (encoding <= FORMAT_UTF_16LE) {
				if (must_utf_8)
					throw new EncodingException(
							"Can't switch from UTF-8"
									+ formatLineNumber());
				if (r.skipChar('1')){
				 if (r.skipChar(ch_temp)) {
				     encoding = FORMAT_ISO_8859_1;
				     r = new ISO8859_1Reader();
				     _writeVTD(temp_offset, 10,
							TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
							depth);
				     return;
				 } else if (r.skipChar('0') ){
				     encoding = FORMAT_ISO_8859_10;
				     r = new ISO8859_10Reader();
				     _writeVTD(temp_offset, 11,
								TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
								depth);
				 } else if (r.skipChar('1') ){
				     encoding = FORMAT_ISO_8859_11;
				     r = new ISO8859_11Reader();
				     _writeVTD(temp_offset, 11,
								TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
								depth);
				 } else if (r.skipChar('3') ){
				     encoding = FORMAT_ISO_8859_13;
				     r = new ISO8859_13Reader();
				     _writeVTD(temp_offset, 11,
								TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
								depth);
				 } else if (r.skipChar('4') ){
				     encoding = FORMAT_ISO_8859_14;
				     r = new ISO8859_14Reader();
				     _writeVTD(temp_offset, 11,
								TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
								depth);
				 } else if (r.skipChar('5') ){
				     encoding = FORMAT_ISO_8859_15;
				     r = new ISO8859_15Reader();
				     _writeVTD(temp_offset, 15,
								TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
								depth);
				 } else throw new ParseException(
								"XML decl error: Invalid Encoding"
										+ formatLineNumber());
				}else if (r.skipChar('2') ){
				    encoding = FORMAT_ISO_8859_2;
				    r = new ISO8859_2Reader();
				    _writeVTD(temp_offset, 10,
								TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
								depth);				    
				}else if (r.skipChar('3')){
				    r = new ISO8859_3Reader();
				    encoding = FORMAT_ISO_8859_3;
				    _writeVTD(temp_offset, 10,
								TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
								depth);				  
				}else if (r.skipChar('4') ){
				    r = new ISO8859_4Reader();
				    encoding = FORMAT_ISO_8859_4;
				    _writeVTD(temp_offset, 10,
								TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
								depth);				    
				}else if (r.skipChar('5') ){
				    encoding = FORMAT_ISO_8859_5;
				    r = new ISO8859_5Reader();
				    _writeVTD(temp_offset, 10,
								TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
								depth);				   
				}else if (r.skipChar('6') ){
				    encoding = FORMAT_ISO_8859_6;
				    r = new ISO8859_6Reader();
				    _writeVTD(temp_offset, 10,
								TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
								depth);
				}else if (r.skipChar('7') ){
				    encoding = FORMAT_ISO_8859_7;
				    r = new ISO8859_7Reader();
				    _writeVTD(temp_offset, 10,
								TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
								depth);				   
				}else if (r.skipChar('8') ){
				    encoding = FORMAT_ISO_8859_8;
				    r = new ISO8859_8Reader();
				    _writeVTD(temp_offset, 10,
								TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
								depth);				   
				}else if (r.skipChar('9')){
				    encoding = FORMAT_ISO_8859_9;
				    r = new ISO8859_9Reader();
				    _writeVTD(temp_offset, 10,
								TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
								depth);				   
				} else 		
				    throw new ParseException(
							"XML decl error: Invalid Encoding"
									+ formatLineNumber());
				if (r.skipChar(ch_temp))
				    return;				
			} else
				throw new ParseException(
						"XML decl error: Can't switch encoding to ISO-8859"
								+ formatLineNumber());
		}
		throw new ParseException(
				"XML decl error: Invalid Encoding"
						+ formatLineNumber());
	}
	private void matchUTFEncoding() throws ParseException{
		if ((r.skipChar('s') || r.skipChar('S')))
			if (r.skipChar('-')
					&& (r.skipChar('a') || r.skipChar('A'))
					&& (r.skipChar('s') || r.skipChar('S'))
					&& (r.skipChar('c') || r.skipChar('C'))
					&& (r.skipChar('i') || r.skipChar('I'))
					&& (r.skipChar('i') || r.skipChar('I'))
					&& r.skipChar(ch_temp)) {
				if (singleByteEncoding) {
					if (must_utf_8)
						throw new EncodingException(
								"Can't switch from UTF-8"
										+ formatLineNumber());
					encoding = FORMAT_ASCII;
					r=new ASCIIReader();					
						_writeVTD(temp_offset, 8,
								TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
								depth);
					
						return;
				} else
					throw new ParseException(
							"XML decl error: Can't switch encoding to US-ASCII"
									+ formatLineNumber());
			} else
				throw new ParseException(
						"XML decl error: Invalid Encoding"
								+ formatLineNumber());

		if ((r.skipChar('t') || r.skipChar('T'))
				&& (r.skipChar('f') || r.skipChar('F'))
				&& r.skipChar('-')) {
			if (r.skipChar('8') && r.skipChar(ch_temp)) {
				if (singleByteEncoding) {
					//encoding = FORMAT_UTF8;
					_writeVTD(temp_offset, 5,
								TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
								depth);					
						return;
				} else
					throw new ParseException(
							"XML decl error: Can't switch encoding to UTF-8"
									+ formatLineNumber());
			}
			if (r.skipChar('1') && r.skipChar('6')) {
				if (r.skipChar(ch_temp)) {
					if (!singleByteEncoding) {
						if (!BOM_detected)
							throw new EncodingException(
									"BOM not detected for UTF-16"
											+ formatLineNumber());
						_writeVTD(
								temp_offset >> 1,
								6,
								TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
								depth);
						return;
					}
					throw new ParseException(
							"XML decl error: Can't switch encoding to UTF-16"
									+ formatLineNumber());
				} else if ((r.skipChar('l') || r.skipChar('L'))
						&& (r.skipChar('e') || r.skipChar('E'))
						&& r.skipChar(ch_temp)) {
					if (encoding == FORMAT_UTF_16LE) {
						r = new UTF16LEReader();						
							_writeVTD(
									temp_offset >> 1,
									8,
									TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
									depth);
						return;
					}
					throw new ParseException(
							"XML del error: Can't switch encoding to UTF-16LE"
									+ formatLineNumber());
				} else if ((r.skipChar('b') || r.skipChar('B'))
						&& (r.skipChar('e') || r.skipChar('E'))
						&& r.skipChar(ch_temp)) {
					if (encoding == FORMAT_UTF_16BE) {
						_writeVTD(
									temp_offset >> 1,
									8,
									TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
									depth);
						return;
					}
					throw new ParseException(
							"XML del error: Can't swtich encoding to UTF-16BE"
									+ formatLineNumber());
				}

				throw new ParseException(
						"XML decl error: Invalid encoding"
								+ formatLineNumber());
			}
		}
	}
	
	private void matchWindowsEncoding()throws ParseException{
	    if ((r.skipChar('i') || r.skipChar('I')) 
	            &&(r.skipChar('n') || r.skipChar('N'))
	            &&(r.skipChar('d') || r.skipChar('D'))
	            &&(r.skipChar('o') || r.skipChar('O'))
	            &&(r.skipChar('w') || r.skipChar('W'))
	            &&(r.skipChar('s') || r.skipChar('S'))
	            && r.skipChar('-')
	            && r.skipChar('1')
                && r.skipChar('2') 
                && r.skipChar('5')) {
            if (encoding <= FORMAT_UTF_16LE) {
                if (must_utf_8)
                    throw new EncodingException(
                            "Can't switch from UTF-8"
                                    + formatLineNumber());
                if (r.skipChar('0')){
				    encoding = FORMAT_WIN_1250;
				    r=new WIN1250Reader();
				    _writeVTD(temp_offset, 12,
								TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
								depth);
				}else if (r.skipChar('1')){
				    encoding = FORMAT_WIN_1251;
				    r=new WIN1251Reader();
				    _writeVTD(temp_offset, 12,
								TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
								depth);
				}else if (r.skipChar('2')){
				    encoding = FORMAT_WIN_1252;
				    r=new WIN1252Reader();
				    _writeVTD(temp_offset, 12,
								TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
								depth);
				}else if (r.skipChar('3')){
				    encoding = FORMAT_WIN_1253;
				    r=new WIN1253Reader();
				    _writeVTD(temp_offset, 12,
								TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
								depth);
				}else if (r.skipChar('4')){
				    encoding = FORMAT_WIN_1254;
				    r=new WIN1254Reader();
				    _writeVTD(temp_offset, 12,
								TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
								depth);
				}else if (r.skipChar('5')){
				    encoding = FORMAT_WIN_1255;
				    r=new WIN1255Reader();
				    _writeVTD(temp_offset, 12,
								TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
								depth);
				}else if (r.skipChar('6')){
				    encoding = FORMAT_WIN_1256;
				    r=new WIN1256Reader();
				    _writeVTD(temp_offset, 12,
								TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
								depth);				   
				}else if (r.skipChar('7')){
				    encoding = FORMAT_WIN_1257;
				    r=new WIN1257Reader();
				    _writeVTD(temp_offset, 12,
								TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
								depth);
				}else if (r.skipChar('8')){
				    encoding = FORMAT_WIN_1258;
				    r=new WIN1258Reader();
				    _writeVTD(temp_offset, 12,
								TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
								depth);				   
				}else 
				    throw new ParseException(
							"XML decl error: Invalid Encoding"
									+ formatLineNumber());
                if (r.skipChar(ch_temp))
                    return;
				
            } else
                throw new ParseException(
                        "XML decl error: Can't switch encoding to ISO-8859"
                                + formatLineNumber());				
				}
	    throw new ParseException(
				"XML decl error: Invalid Encoding"
						+ formatLineNumber());
	}
	
	/**
	 * Generating VTD tokens and Location cache info. When set to true,
	 * VTDGen conforms to XML namespace 1.0 spec
	 * @param NS boolean Enable namespace or not
	 * @throws ParseException Super class for any exceptions during parsing.     
	 * @throws EOFException End of file exception.    
	 * @throws EntityException Entity resolution exception.
	 * @throws EncodingException UTF/native encoding exception.
	 */
	public void parse(boolean NS)
		throws EncodingException, EOFException, EntityException, ParseException {

		// define internal variables	
		ns = NS;
		//String s1 = null,s2=null;
		length1 = length2 = 0;
		attr_count = prefixed_attr_count= 0 /*, ch = 0, ch_temp = 0*/;
		int parser_state = STATE_DOC_START;
		//boolean has_amp = false; 
		is_ns = false;
		encoding = FORMAT_UTF8;
		helper=false;
		default_ns = false; //true xmlns='abc'
		isXML = false;      //true only for xmlns:xml
		singleByteEncoding = true;
		// first check first several bytes to figure out the encoding
		decide_encoding();

		// enter the main finite state machine
		try {
			_writeVTD(0,0,TOKEN_DOCUMENT,depth);
			while (true) {
				switch (parser_state) {
					case STATE_LT_SEEN : //if (depth < -1)
						//    throw new ParseException("Other Errors: Invalid depth");
						temp_offset = offset;
						ch = r.getChar();
						if (XMLChar.isNameStartChar(ch)) {
							depth++;
							parser_state = STATE_START_TAG;
						} else {
							if (ch=='/'){
								parser_state = STATE_END_TAG;								
							}
							else if (ch=='!'){
								parser_state = process_ex_seen();
							}else if (ch=='?'){
								parser_state = process_qm_seen();
							}else throw new ParseException(
										"Other Error: Invalid char after <"
											+ formatLineNumber());
						}
						break;

					case STATE_START_TAG : //name space is handled by
						 do {
							ch = r.getChar();
							if (XMLChar.isNameChar(ch)) {
								if (ch == ':') {
									length2 = offset - temp_offset - increment;
									if (ns && checkPrefix2(temp_offset,length2))
										throw new ParseException(
												"xmlns can't be an element prefix "
												+ formatLineNumber(offset));
								}
							} else
								break;
							ch = r.getChar();
							if (XMLChar.isNameChar(ch)) {
								if (ch == ':') {
									length2 = offset - temp_offset - increment;
									if (ns && checkPrefix2(temp_offset,length2))
										throw new ParseException(
												"xmlns can't be an element prefix "
												+ formatLineNumber(offset));
								}
							} else
								break;
						}while (true);
						length1 = offset - temp_offset - increment;
						if (depth > MAX_DEPTH) {
							throw new ParseException(
								"Other Error: Depth exceeds MAX_DEPTH"
									+ formatLineNumber());
						}
						//writeVTD(offset, TOKEN_STARTING_TAG, length2:length1, depth)
						long x = ((long) length1 << 32) + temp_offset;
						tag_stack[depth] = x;
						
						// System.out.println(
						//     " " + (temp_offset) + " " + length2 + ":" + length1 + " startingTag " + depth);
						if (depth > VTDDepth)
							VTDDepth = depth;
						//if (encoding < FORMAT_UTF_16BE){
					if (singleByteEncoding) {
						if (length2 > MAX_PREFIX_LENGTH || length1 > MAX_QNAME_LENGTH)
							throw new ParseException("Token Length Error: Starting tag prefix or qname length too long"
									+ formatLineNumber());
						if (this.shallowDepth)
							writeVTD((temp_offset), (length2 << 11) | length1, TOKEN_STARTING_TAG, depth);
						else
							writeVTD_L5((temp_offset), (length2 << 11) | length1, TOKEN_STARTING_TAG, depth);
					} else {
						if (length2 > (MAX_PREFIX_LENGTH << 1) || length1 > (MAX_QNAME_LENGTH << 1))
							throw new ParseException("Token Length Error: Starting tag prefix or qname length too long"
									+ formatLineNumber());
						if (this.shallowDepth)
							writeVTD((temp_offset) >> 1, (length2 << 10) | (length1 >> 1), TOKEN_STARTING_TAG, depth);
						else
							writeVTD_L5((temp_offset) >> 1, (length2 << 10) | (length1 >> 1), TOKEN_STARTING_TAG,
									depth);
					}
					if (ns) {
						if (length2!=0){
							length2 += increment;
							currentElementRecord = (((long)((length2<<16)|length1))<<32) 
							| temp_offset;
						} else
							currentElementRecord = 0;
						
						if (depth <= nsBuffer1.size - 1) {
							nsBuffer1.size = depth ;
							int t= nsBuffer1.intAt(depth-1)+1;
							nsBuffer2.size=t;
							nsBuffer3.size=t;
						}
					}
					// offset += length1;
					length2 = 0;
					if (XMLChar.isSpaceChar(ch)) {
						ch = getCharAfterS();
						if (XMLChar.isNameStartChar(ch)) {
							// seen an attribute here
							temp_offset = r.getPrevOffset();
							parser_state = STATE_ATTR_NAME;
							break;
						}
					}
					helper = true;
					if (ch == '/') {
						depth--;
						helper = false;
						ch = r.getChar();
					}
					if (ch == '>') {
						if (ns){
							nsBuffer1.append(nsBuffer3.size-1);
							if (currentElementRecord !=0)
								qualifyElement();
						}						
						parser_state = processElementTail(helper);
						break;
					}
					throw new ParseException(
							"Starting tag Error: Invalid char in starting tag"
									+ formatLineNumber());

					case STATE_END_TAG :
						temp_offset = offset;
						int sos = (int) tag_stack[depth];
						int sl = (int) (tag_stack[depth] >> 32);
						
						offset = temp_offset+sl;
						
						if (offset>= endOffset)
							throw new EOFException("permature EOF reached, XML document incomplete");
						for (int i = 0; i < sl; i++) {
							if (XMLDoc[sos + i] != XMLDoc[temp_offset + i])
								throw new ParseException(
									"Ending tag error: Start/ending tag mismatch"
									+ formatLineNumber());
						}
						depth--;
						ch = getCharAfterS();
						if(ch != '>')
							throw new ParseException(
								"Ending tag error: Invalid char in ending tag "
								+ formatLineNumber()); 
						
						if (depth != -1) {
							temp_offset = offset;
							ch = getCharAfterS();
							if (ch == '<'){
								if (ws) 
							    	addWhiteSpaceRecord();
								parser_state = STATE_LT_SEEN;
							}
							else if (XMLChar.isContentChar(ch)) {
								parser_state = STATE_TEXT;
							} 
							else {
								handleOtherTextChar2(ch);
								parser_state = STATE_TEXT;
							}
						} else
							parser_state = STATE_DOC_END;
						break;
						
					case STATE_ATTR_NAME :
						process_attr_name();
						parser_state = STATE_ATTR_VAL;
						break;
						
					case STATE_ATTR_VAL :
						parser_state = process_attr_val();
						break;
					
					case STATE_TEXT :
						if (depth == -1)
							throw new ParseException(
								"Error in text content: Char data at the wrong place"
									+ formatLineNumber());
						do {
							ch = r.getChar();
							//System.out.println(""+(char)ch);
							if (XMLChar.isContentChar(ch)) {
							} else if (ch == '<') {
								break;
							}else 
								handleOtherTextChar(ch);
							ch = r.getChar();
							//System.out.println(""+(char)ch);
							if (XMLChar.isContentChar(ch)) {
							} else if (ch == '<') {
								break;
							}else 
								handleOtherTextChar(ch);
						}while(true);
						
						length1 = offset - increment - temp_offset;

						if (singleByteEncoding) //if (encoding < FORMAT_UTF_16BE)
							writeVTDText(
								temp_offset,
								length1,
								TOKEN_CHARACTER_DATA,
								depth);
						else
							writeVTDText(
								temp_offset >> 1,
								length1 >> 1,
								TOKEN_CHARACTER_DATA,
								depth);

						//has_amp = true;
						parser_state = STATE_LT_SEEN;
						break;
					case STATE_DOC_START :
						parser_state = process_start_doc();
						break;
					case STATE_DOC_END :
						//docEnd = true;
						parser_state = process_end_doc();
						break;
					case STATE_PI_TAG :
						parser_state = process_pi_tag();
						break;
						//throw new ParseException("Error in PI: Invalid char");
					case STATE_PI_VAL :
						parser_state = process_pi_val();
						break;

					case STATE_DEC_ATTR_NAME :
						parser_state = process_dec_attr();
						break;
						
					case STATE_COMMENT :
						parser_state = process_comment();
						break;
						
					case STATE_CDATA :
						parser_state = process_cdata();
						break;
						
					case STATE_DOCTYPE :
						parser_state = process_doc_type();
						break;
						
					case STATE_END_COMMENT :
						parser_state = process_end_comment();
						break;

					case STATE_END_PI :
						parser_state = process_end_pi();
						break;
						
					default :
						throw new ParseException(
							"Other error: invalid parser state"
								+formatLineNumber());
				}
			}
		} catch (EOFException e) {
			if (parser_state != STATE_DOC_END)
				throw e;
			finishUp();
		}
	}
	
	private void checkQualifiedAttributeUniqueness() throws ParseException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		int  preLen1,os1,postLen1,URLLen1,URLOs1, 
			 preLen2, os2,postLen2, URLLen2, URLOs2,k;
		for (int i=0;i>16);
			postLen1 = (int) ((prefixed_attr_name_array[i] & 0xffffL))-preLen1-increment;
			os1 = (int) (prefixed_attr_name_array[i]>>32) + preLen1+increment;
			URLLen1 = nsBuffer2.lower32At(prefix_URL_array[i]);
			URLOs1 =  nsBuffer2.upper32At(prefix_URL_array[i]);
			for (int j=i+1;j>16);
				postLen2 = (int) ((prefixed_attr_name_array[j] & 0xffffL))-preLen2-increment;
				os2 = (int)(prefixed_attr_name_array[j]>>32) + preLen2 + increment;
				//System.out.println(new String(XMLDoc,os1, postLen1)
				//	+" "+ new String(XMLDoc, os2, postLen2));
				if (postLen1 == postLen2){
					k=0;
					for (;k"+(char)(XMLDoc[preOs+k]));
					if (XMLDoc[os1+k]!=XMLDoc[os2+k])
						break;
					}
					if (k==postLen1){
					 // found the match
						URLLen2 = nsBuffer2.lower32At(prefix_URL_array[j]);
						URLOs2 =  nsBuffer2.upper32At(prefix_URL_array[j]);
						//System.out.println(" URLOs1 ===>" + URLOs1);
						//System.out.println("nsBuffer2 ===>"+nsBuffer2.longAt(i)+" i==>"+i);
						//System.out.println("URLLen2 "+ URLLen2+" URLLen1 "+ URLLen1+" ");
						if (matchURL(URLOs1, URLLen1, URLOs2, URLLen2))
							throw new ParseException(" qualified attribute names collide "
									+ formatLineNumber(os2));
					}
				}				
			}
			//System.out.println("======");
		}
	}
	
	private void qualifyAttributes() throws ParseException{
		int i1= nsBuffer3.size-1;
		int j= 0,i=0;
		// two cases:
		// 1. the current element has no prefix, look for xmlns
		// 2. the current element has prefix, look for xmlns:something
		while(j>16);
			int preOs = (int) (prefixed_attr_name_array[j]>>32);
			//System.out.println(new String(XMLDoc, preOs, preLen)+"===");
			i = i1;
			while(i>=0){
				int t = nsBuffer3.upper32At(i);
				// with prefix, get full length and prefix length
				if ( (t&0xffff) - (t>>16) == preLen+increment){
					// doing byte comparison here
					int os = nsBuffer3.lower32At(i)+(t>>16)+increment;
					//System.out.println(new String(XMLDoc, os, preLen)+"");
					int k=0;
					for (;k"+(char)(XMLDoc[preOs+k]));
						if (XMLDoc[os+k]!=XMLDoc[preOs+k])
							break;
					}
					if (k==preLen){
						break; // found the match
					}
				}
				/*if ( (nsBuffer3.upper32At(i) & 0xffff0000) == 0){
					return;
				}*/
				i--;
			}
			if (i<0)
				throw new ParseException("Name space qualification Exception: prefixed attribute not qualified\n"
						+formatLineNumber(preOs));
			else
				prefix_URL_array[j] = i;
			j++;
			// no need to check if xml is the prefix
		}
		//for (int h=0;h"+(char)l);
			if (URL2.charAt(i)!= (int)l)
				return 0;
			os += (int)(l>>32);
		}
		
		//store offset value 
		t = os;
		
		for (i=0;i<11 && os>32);
		}
		if (os == g)
			return 2;
		
		//so far a match
		os = t;
		for (i=18;i<36 && os>32);
		}
		if (os==g)
			return 1;
			
		return 0;
	}
	
	private boolean matchXML(int byte_offset) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		if (encoding= 0) 
            {                                 
                offset += numRead;
                if (b.length-offset 0) {
                    //System.out.println("len  ===> " + len + "  "
                    //        + urlConnection.getContentType());
                	
                    byte[] ba = new byte[len];
                    int k=len,offset=0;
                    while(offset0){
                    	k=in.read(ba,offset,len-offset);
                    	offset+=k;
                    }
                    this.setDoc(ba);
                    this.parse(ns);
                    return true;
                } else {
                	ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
                	byte[] ba = new byte[4096];
                	int k=-1;
                	while((k=in.read(ba))>0){
                		baos.write(ba, 0, k);
                	}
                	this.setDoc(baos.toByteArray());
                	this.parse(ns);
                	return true;
                	//baos.w
                }
            }
	    }catch(IOException e){
	             
	    }catch(ParseException e){
	        
	    }finally{
	        try {
                if (in != null)
                    in.close();
                if (urlConnection != null)
                    urlConnection.disconnect();
            } catch (Exception e) {
            }	       
	    }	 
	    return false;
	}
	
	//private 
	
	/**
	 * This private method processes CDATA section
	 * @return the parser state after which the parser loop jumps to
	 * @throws ParseException
	 * @throws EncodingException
	 * @throws EOFException
	 */
	private int process_cdata() throws ParseException, EncodingException, EOFException{
		int parser_state;
		while (true) {
			ch = r.getChar();
			if (XMLChar.isValidChar(ch)) {
				if (ch == ']' && r.skipChar(']')) {
					while (r.skipChar(']'));
					if (r.skipChar('>')) {
						break;
					} /*else
						throw new ParseException(
							"Error in CDATA: Invalid termination sequence"
								+ formatLineNumber());*/
				}
			} else
				throw new ParseException(
					"Error in CDATA: Invalid Char"
						+ formatLineNumber());
		}
		length1 = offset - temp_offset -  (increment<<1) - increment;
		if (singleByteEncoding){//if (encoding < FORMAT_UTF_16BE){
			
			writeVTDText(
				temp_offset,
				length1,
				TOKEN_CDATA_VAL,
				depth);
		}
		else {
			
			writeVTDText(
				temp_offset >> 1,
				length1 >> 1,
				TOKEN_CDATA_VAL,
				depth);
		}
		//System.out.println(" " + (temp_offset) + " " + length1 + " CDATA " + depth);
		temp_offset = offset;
		//ch = getCharAfterSe();
		ch = getCharAfterS();

		if (ch == '<') {
			if (ws) 
		    	addWhiteSpaceRecord();
			parser_state = STATE_LT_SEEN;
		} else if (XMLChar.isContentChar(ch)) {
			//temp_offset = offset-1;
			parser_state = STATE_TEXT;
		} else if (ch == '&') {
			//has_amp = true;
			//temp_offset = offset-1;
			entityIdentifier();
			parser_state = STATE_TEXT;
			//temp_offset = offset;
		} else if (ch == ']') {
		    //temp_offset = offset-1;
			if (r.skipChar(']')) {
				while (r.skipChar(']')) {
				}
				if (r.skipChar('>'))
					throw new ParseException(
						"Error in text content: ]]> in text content"
							+ formatLineNumber());
			}
			parser_state = STATE_TEXT;
		}else
			throw new ParseException(
				"Other Error: Invalid char in xml"
					+ formatLineNumber());
		return parser_state;
	}
	/**
	 * This private method process comment
	 * @return the parser state after which the parser loop jumps to
	 * @throws ParseException
	 * @throws EncodingException
	 * @throws EOFException
	 */
	private int process_comment() throws ParseException, EncodingException, EOFException{
		int parser_state;
		while (true) {
			ch = r.getChar();
			if (XMLChar.isValidChar(ch)) {
				if (ch == '-' && r.skipChar('-')) {
					length1 =
						offset - temp_offset -  (increment<<1);
					break;
				}
			} else
				throw new ParseException(
					"Error in comment: Invalid Char"
						+ formatLineNumber());
		}
		if (r.getChar() == '>') {
			//System.out.println(" " + (temp_offset) + " " + length1 + " comment " + depth);
			if (singleByteEncoding)//if (encoding < FORMAT_UTF_16BE)
				writeVTDText(
					temp_offset,
					length1,
					TOKEN_COMMENT,
					depth);
			else
				writeVTDText(
					temp_offset >> 1,
					length1 >> 1,
					TOKEN_COMMENT,
					depth);
			//length1 = 0;
			temp_offset = offset;
			//ch = getCharAfterSe();
			ch = getCharAfterS();
			if (ch == '<') {
				if (ws) 
			    	addWhiteSpaceRecord();
				parser_state = STATE_LT_SEEN;
			} else if (XMLChar.isContentChar(ch)) {
				//temp_offset = offset;
				parser_state = STATE_TEXT;
			} else if (ch == '&') {
				//has_amp = true;
				//temp_offset = offset;
				entityIdentifier();
				parser_state = STATE_TEXT;
			} else if (ch == ']') {
				if (r.skipChar(']')) {
					while (r.skipChar(']')) {
					}
					if (r.skipChar('>'))
						throw new ParseException(
							"Error in text content: ]]> in text content"
								+ formatLineNumber());
				}
				parser_state = STATE_TEXT;
			}else
				throw new ParseException(
					"Error in text content: Invalid char"
						+ formatLineNumber());
			return parser_state;
		} else
			throw new ParseException(
				"Error in comment: Invalid terminating sequence"
					+ formatLineNumber());
	}
	/**
	 * This private method processes declaration attributes
	 * @return the parser state after which the parser loop jumps to
	 * @throws ParseException
	 * @throws EncodingException
	 * @throws EOFException
	 */
	private int process_dec_attr() throws ParseException, EncodingException, EOFException{
		int parser_state;
		if (ch == 'v'
			&& r.skipChar('e')
			&& r.skipChar('r')
			&& r.skipChar('s')
			&& r.skipChar('i')
			&& r.skipChar('o')
			&& r.skipChar('n')) {
			ch = getCharAfterS();
			if (ch == '=') {
				/*System.out.println(
				    " " + (temp_offset - 1) + " " + 7 + " dec attr name version " + depth);*/
				if (singleByteEncoding)
					_writeVTD(
						temp_offset - 1,
						7,
						TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_NAME,
						depth);
				else
					_writeVTD(
						(temp_offset -2) >> 1,
						7,
						TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_NAME,
						depth);
			} else
				throw new ParseException(
					"XML decl error: Invalid char"
						+ formatLineNumber());
		} else
			throw new ParseException(
				"XML decl error: should be version"
					+ formatLineNumber());
		ch_temp = getCharAfterS();
		if (ch_temp != '\'' && ch_temp != '"')
			throw new ParseException(
				"XML decl error: Invalid char to start attr name"
					+ formatLineNumber());
		temp_offset = offset;
		// support 1.0 or 1.1
		if (r.skipChar('1')
			&& r.skipChar('.')
			&& (r.skipChar('0') || r.skipChar('1'))) {
			/*System.out.println(
			    " " + temp_offset + " " + 3 + " dec attr val (version)" + depth);*/
			if (singleByteEncoding)
				_writeVTD(
					temp_offset,
					3,
					TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
					depth);
			else
				_writeVTD(
					temp_offset >> 1,
					3,
					TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
					depth);
		} else
			throw new ParseException(
				"XML decl error: Invalid version(other than 1.0 or 1.1) detected"
					+ formatLineNumber());
		if (!r.skipChar(ch_temp))
			throw new ParseException(
				"XML decl error: version not terminated properly"
					+ formatLineNumber());
		ch = r.getChar();
		//? space or e 
		if (XMLChar.isSpaceChar(ch)) {
			ch = getCharAfterS();
			temp_offset = offset - increment;
			if (ch == 'e') {
				if (r.skipChar('n')
					&& r.skipChar('c')
					&& r.skipChar('o')
					&& r.skipChar('d')
					&& r.skipChar('i')
					&& r.skipChar('n')
					&& r.skipChar('g')) {
					ch = r.getChar();
					if (XMLChar.isSpaceChar(ch))
						ch = getCharAfterS();
					if (ch == '=') {
						/*System.out.println(
						    " " + (temp_offset) + " " + 8 + " dec attr name (encoding) " + depth);*/
						if (singleByteEncoding)
							_writeVTD(
								temp_offset,
								8,
								TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_NAME,
								depth);
						else
							_writeVTD(
								temp_offset >> 1,
								8,
								TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_NAME,
								depth);
					} else
						throw new ParseException(
							"XML decl error: Invalid char"
								+ formatLineNumber());
					ch_temp = getCharAfterS();
					if (ch_temp != '"' && ch_temp != '\'')
						throw new ParseException(
							"XML decl error: Invalid char to start attr name"
								+ formatLineNumber());
					temp_offset = offset;
					ch = r.getChar();
					switch (ch) {
						case 'a' :
						case 'A' :
							if ((r.skipChar('s')
								|| r.skipChar('S'))
								&& (r.skipChar('c')
									|| r.skipChar('C'))
								&& (r.skipChar('i')
									|| r.skipChar('I'))
								&& (r.skipChar('i')
									|| r.skipChar('I'))
								&& r.skipChar(ch_temp)) {												
								if (encoding != FORMAT_UTF_16LE
									&& encoding
										!= FORMAT_UTF_16BE) {
									if (must_utf_8)
										throw new EncodingException("Can't switch from UTF-8"
												+ formatLineNumber());
									encoding = FORMAT_ASCII;
									r = new ASCIIReader();
									/*System.out.println(
									    " " + (temp_offset) + " " + 5 + " dec attr val (encoding) " + depth);*/
									
										_writeVTD(
											temp_offset,
											5,
											TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
											depth);
									
									break;
								} else
									throw new ParseException(
										"XML decl error: Can't switch encoding to ASCII"
											+ formatLineNumber());
							}
							throw new ParseException(
								"XML decl error: Invalid Encoding"
									+ formatLineNumber());
						case 'c':
						case 'C':
						    matchCPEncoding();
						    break;
						case 'i' :
						case 'I' :
						    matchISOEncoding();
						    break;
						case 'u' :
						case 'U' :
						    matchUTFEncoding();
						    break;
							// now deal with windows encoding
						case 'w' :
						case 'W' :
						    matchWindowsEncoding();
						    break;
						default :
							throw new ParseException(
								"XML decl Error: invalid encoding"
									+ formatLineNumber());
					}
					ch = r.getChar();
					if (XMLChar.isSpaceChar(ch))
						ch = getCharAfterS();
					temp_offset = offset - increment;
				} else
					throw new ParseException(
						"XML decl Error: Invalid char"
							+ formatLineNumber());
			}

			if (ch == 's') {
				if (r.skipChar('t')
					&& r.skipChar('a')
					&& r.skipChar('n')
					&& r.skipChar('d')
					&& r.skipChar('a')
					&& r.skipChar('l')
					&& r.skipChar('o')
					&& r.skipChar('n')
					&& r.skipChar('e')) {

					ch = getCharAfterS();
					if (ch != '=')
						throw new ParseException(
							"XML decl error: Invalid char"
								+ formatLineNumber());
					/*System.out.println(
					    " " + temp_offset + " " + 3 + " dec attr name (standalone) " + depth);*/
					if (singleByteEncoding)
						_writeVTD(
							temp_offset,
							10,
							TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_NAME,
							depth);
					else
						_writeVTD(
							temp_offset >> 1,
							10,
							TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_NAME,
							depth);
					ch_temp = getCharAfterS();
					temp_offset = offset;
					if (ch_temp != '"' && ch_temp != '\'')
						throw new ParseException(
							"XML decl error: Invalid char to start attr name"
								+ formatLineNumber());
					ch = r.getChar();
					if (ch == 'y') {
						if (r.skipChar('e')
							&& r.skipChar('s')
							&& r.skipChar(ch_temp)) {
							/*System.out.println(
							    " " + (temp_offset) + " " + 3 + " dec attr val (standalone) " + depth);*/
							if (singleByteEncoding)
								_writeVTD(
									temp_offset,
									3,
									TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
									depth);
							else
								_writeVTD(
									temp_offset >> 1,
									3,
									TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
									depth);
						} else
							throw new ParseException(
								"XML decl error: invalid val for standalone"
									+ formatLineNumber());
					} else if (ch == 'n') {
						if (r.skipChar('o')
							&& r.skipChar(ch_temp)) {
							/*System.out.println(
							    " " + (temp_offset) + " " + 2 + " dec attr val (standalone)" + depth);*/
							if (singleByteEncoding)
								_writeVTD(
									temp_offset,
									2,
									TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
									depth);
							else
								_writeVTD(
									temp_offset >> 1,
									2,
									TOKEN_DEC_ATTR_VAL,
									depth);
						} else
							throw new ParseException(
								"XML decl error: invalid val for standalone"
									+ formatLineNumber());
					} else
						throw new ParseException(
							"XML decl error: invalid val for standalone"
								+ formatLineNumber());
				} else
					throw new ParseException(
						"XML decl error" + formatLineNumber());
				ch = r.getChar();
				if (XMLChar.isSpaceChar(ch))
					ch = getCharAfterS();
			}
		}

		if (ch == '?' && r.skipChar('>')) {
			temp_offset = offset;
			ch = getCharAfterS();
			if (ch == '<') {
				parser_state = STATE_LT_SEEN;
			} else
				throw new ParseException(
					"Other Error: Invalid Char in XML"
						+ formatLineNumber());
		} else
			throw new ParseException(
				"XML decl Error: Invalid termination sequence"
					+ formatLineNumber());
		return parser_state;
	}
	
	/**
	 * This private method process DTD
	 * @return the parser state after which the parser loop jumps to
	 * @throws ParseException
	 * @throws EncodingException
	 * @throws EOFException
	 */
	private int process_doc_type() throws ParseException,EncodingException, EOFException{
		int z = 1,parser_state;
		while (true) {
			ch = r.getChar();
			if (XMLChar.isValidChar(ch)) {
				if (ch == '>')
					z--;
				else if (ch == '<')
					z++;
				if (z == 0)
					break;
			} else
				throw new ParseException(
					"Error in DOCTYPE: Invalid char"
						+ formatLineNumber());
		}
		length1 = offset - temp_offset - increment;
		/*System.out.println(
		    " " + (temp_offset) + " " + length1 + " DOCTYPE val " + depth);*/
		if (singleByteEncoding){//if (encoding < FORMAT_UTF_16BE){
			if (length1 > MAX_TOKEN_LENGTH)
				  throw new ParseException("Token Length Error:"
							  +" DTD val too long (>0xfffff)"
							  + formatLineNumber());
			_writeVTD(
				temp_offset,
				length1,
				TOKEN_DTD_VAL,
				depth);
		}
		else{
			if (length1 > (MAX_TOKEN_LENGTH<<1))
				  throw new ParseException("Token Length Error:"
							  +" DTD val too long (>0xfffff)"
							  + formatLineNumber());
			_writeVTD(
				temp_offset >> 1,
				length1 >> 1,
				TOKEN_DTD_VAL,
				depth);
		}
		ch = getCharAfterS();
		if (ch == '<') {
			parser_state = STATE_LT_SEEN;
		} else
			throw new ParseException(
				"Other Error: Invalid char in xml"
					+ formatLineNumber());
		return parser_state;
	}
	/**
	 * This private method process the comment after the root document
	 * @return the parser state after which the parser loop jumps to
	 * @throws ParseException
	 */
	private int process_end_comment()throws ParseException {
		int parser_state;
		while (true) {
			ch = r.getChar();
			if (XMLChar.isValidChar(ch)) {
				if (ch == '-' && r.skipChar('-')) {
					length1 =
						offset - temp_offset - (increment<<1);
					break;
				}
			} else
				throw new ParseException(
					"Error in comment: Invalid Char"
						+ formatLineNumber());
		}
		if (r.getChar() == '>') {
			//System.out.println(" " + temp_offset + " " + length1 + " comment " + depth);
			if (singleByteEncoding) //if (encoding < FORMAT_UTF_16BE)
				writeVTDText(
					temp_offset,
					length1,
					TOKEN_COMMENT,
					depth);
			else
				writeVTDText(
					temp_offset >> 1,
					length1 >> 1,
					TOKEN_COMMENT,
					depth);
			parser_state = STATE_DOC_END;
			return parser_state;
		}
		throw new ParseException(
			"Error in comment: '-->' expected"
				+ formatLineNumber());
	}
	
	private int process_end_doc() throws ParseException, EncodingException, EOFException {
	    int parser_state;
		ch = getCharAfterS();
		/* eof exception should be thrown here for premature ending*/
		if (ch == '<') {

			if (r.skipChar('?')) {
				/* processing instruction after end tag of root element*/
				temp_offset = offset;
				parser_state = STATE_END_PI;
				return parser_state;
			} else if (
				r.skipChar('!')
					&& r.skipChar('-')
					&& r.skipChar('-')) {
				// comments allowed after the end tag of the root element
				temp_offset = offset;
				parser_state = STATE_END_COMMENT;
				return parser_state;
			}
		}
		throw new ParseException(
			"Other Error: XML not terminated properly"
				+ formatLineNumber());
	}
	
	/**
	 * This private method processes PI after root document 
	 * @return the parser state after which the parser loop jumps to
	 * @throws ParseException
	 * @throws EncodingException
	 * @throws EOFException
	 */
	private int process_end_pi() throws ParseException,EncodingException, EOFException{
		int parser_state;
		ch = r.getChar();
		if (XMLChar.isNameStartChar(ch)) {
			if ((ch == 'x' || ch == 'X')
				&& (r.skipChar('m') || r.skipChar('M'))
				&& (r.skipChar('l') && r.skipChar('L'))) {
				//temp_offset = offset;
				ch = r.getChar();
				if (XMLChar.isSpaceChar(ch) || ch == '?')
					throw new ParseException(
						"Error in PI: [xX][mM][lL] not a valid PI target"
							+ formatLineNumber());
				//offset = temp_offset;
			}

			while (true) {
				//ch = getChar();
				if (!XMLChar.isNameChar(ch)) {
					break;
				}
				ch = r.getChar();
			}

			length1 = offset - temp_offset - increment;
			/*System.out.println(
			    ""
			        + (char) XMLDoc[temp_offset]
			        + " "
			        + (temp_offset)
			        + " "
			        + length1
			        + " PI Target "
			        + depth);*/
			if (singleByteEncoding){//if (encoding < FORMAT_UTF_16BE){
				if (length1 > MAX_TOKEN_LENGTH)
					  throw new ParseException("Token Length Error:"
								  +"PI name too long (>0xfffff)"
								  + formatLineNumber());
				_writeVTD(
					temp_offset,
					length1,
					TOKEN_PI_NAME,
					depth);
			}
			else{
				if (length1 > (MAX_TOKEN_LENGTH<<1))
				  throw new ParseException("Token Length Error:"
						  +"PI name too long (>0xfffff)"
						  + formatLineNumber());
				_writeVTD(
					temp_offset >> 1,
					length1 >> 1,
					TOKEN_PI_NAME,
					depth);
			}
			//length1 = 0;
			temp_offset = offset;
			if (XMLChar.isSpaceChar(ch)) {
				ch = getCharAfterS();

				while (true) {
					if (XMLChar.isValidChar(ch)) {
						if (ch == '?'){
							if (r.skipChar('>')) {
								parser_state = STATE_DOC_END;
								break;
							} else
								throw new ParseException(
									"Error in PI: invalid termination sequence"
										+ formatLineNumber());
						}
					} else
						throw new ParseException(
							"Error in PI: Invalid char in PI val"
								+ formatLineNumber());
					ch = r.getChar();
				}
				length1 = offset - temp_offset - (increment<<1);
				if (singleByteEncoding){
					if (length1 > MAX_TOKEN_LENGTH)
						  throw new ParseException("Token Length Error:"
									  +"PI val too long (>0xfffff)"
									  + formatLineNumber());
					_writeVTD(
						temp_offset,
						length1,
						TOKEN_PI_VAL,
						depth);
				}
				else{
					if (length1 > (MAX_TOKEN_LENGTH<<1))
						  throw new ParseException("Token Length Error:"
									  +"PI val too long (>0xfffff)"
									  + formatLineNumber());
					_writeVTD(
						temp_offset >> 1,
						length1 >> 1,
						TOKEN_PI_VAL,
						depth);
				}
				//System.out.println(" " + temp_offset + " " + length1 + " PI val " + depth);
			} else {
				if (singleByteEncoding){
					_writeVTD(
						(temp_offset),
						0,
						TOKEN_PI_VAL,
						depth);
				}
				else{				
					_writeVTD(
						(temp_offset) >> 1,
						0,
						TOKEN_PI_VAL,
						depth);
				}
				if ((ch == '?') && r.skipChar('>')) {
					parser_state = STATE_DOC_END;
				} else
					throw new ParseException(
						"Error in PI: invalid termination sequence"
							+ formatLineNumber());
			}
			//parser_state = STATE_DOC_END;
		} else
			throw new ParseException("Error in PI: invalid char in PI target"
					+formatLineNumber());
		return parser_state;
	}
	
	private int process_ex_seen()throws ParseException, EncodingException, EOFException {
	    int parser_state;
	    boolean hasDTD = false;
	    ch = r.getChar();
		switch (ch) {
			case '-' :
				if (r.skipChar('-')) {
					temp_offset = offset;
					parser_state = STATE_COMMENT;
					break;
				} else
					throw new ParseException(
						"Error in comment: Invalid char sequence to start a comment"
							+ formatLineNumber());
			case '[' :
				if (r.skipChar('C')
					&& r.skipChar('D')
					&& r.skipChar('A')
					&& r.skipChar('T')
					&& r.skipChar('A')
					&& r.skipChar('[')
					&& (depth != -1)) {
					temp_offset = offset;
					parser_state = STATE_CDATA;
					break;
				} else {
					if (depth == -1)
						throw new ParseException(
							"Error in CDATA: Wrong place for CDATA"
								+ formatLineNumber());
					throw new ParseException(
						"Error in CDATA: Invalid char sequence for CDATA"
							+ formatLineNumber());
				}

			case 'D' :
				if (r.skipChar('O')
					&& r.skipChar('C')
					&& r.skipChar('T')
					&& r.skipChar('Y')
					&& r.skipChar('P')
					&& r.skipChar('E')
					&& (depth == -1)
					&& !hasDTD) {
					hasDTD = true;
					temp_offset = offset;
					parser_state = STATE_DOCTYPE;
					break;
				} else {
					if (hasDTD == true)
						throw new ParseException(
							"Error for DOCTYPE: Only DOCTYPE allowed"
								+ formatLineNumber());
					if (depth != -1)
						throw new ParseException(
							"Error for DOCTYPE: DTD at wrong place"
								+ formatLineNumber());
					throw new ParseException(
						"Error for DOCTYPE: Invalid char sequence for DOCTYPE"
							+ formatLineNumber());
				}
			default :
				throw new ParseException(
					"Other Error: Unrecognized char after MAX_PREFIX_LENGTH
						|| length1 > MAX_QNAME_LENGTH)
					throw new ParseException(
							s1
							+formatLineNumber());
				_writeVTD(
					temp_offset,
					(length2 << 11) | length1,
					TOKEN_ATTR_NS,
					depth);
			}
			else{
				if (length2>(MAX_PREFIX_LENGTH << 1)
						|| length1 > (MAX_QNAME_LENGTH <<1))
					throw new ParseException(
							s2
							+ formatLineNumber());
				_writeVTD(
					temp_offset >> 1,
					(length2 << 10) | (length1 >> 1),
					TOKEN_ATTR_NS,
					depth);
			}
			// append to nsBuffer2
			if (ns) {								
				//unprefixed xmlns are not recorded
				if (length2 != 0 && !isXML) {
					//nsBuffer2.append(VTDBuffer.size() - 1);
					long l = ((long) ((length2 << 16) | length1)) << 32
						| temp_offset;
					nsBuffer3.append(l); // byte offset and byte
					// length
				}
			}
			
		} else {
			//if (encoding < FORMAT_UTF_16BE){
			s1="Token Length Error: Attr name prefix or qname length too long";
			s2="Token Length overflow error: Attr name prefix or qname length too long" ;
			if (singleByteEncoding) {
				if (length2>MAX_PREFIX_LENGTH
						|| length1 > MAX_QNAME_LENGTH)
					throw new ParseException(
							"Token Length Error: Attr name prefix or qname length too long"
							+ formatLineNumber());
				_writeVTD(
					temp_offset,
					(length2 << 11) | length1,
					TOKEN_ATTR_NAME,
					depth);
			}
			else{
				if (length2>(MAX_PREFIX_LENGTH<<1)
						|| length1 > (MAX_QNAME_LENGTH<<1))
					throw new ParseException(
							"Token Length overflow error: Attr name prefix or qname length too long" 
							+ formatLineNumber());
				_writeVTD(
					temp_offset >> 1,
					(length2 << 10) | (length1 >> 1),
					TOKEN_ATTR_NAME,
					depth);
			}
		}
		
		/*System.out.println(
		    " " + temp_offset + " " + length2 + ":" + length1 + " attr name " + depth);*/
		length2 = 0;
		if (XMLChar.isSpaceChar(ch)) {
			ch = getCharAfterS();
		}
		if (ch != '=')
			throw new ParseException(
				"Error in attr: invalid char"
					+ formatLineNumber());
		ch_temp = getCharAfterS();
		if (ch_temp != '"' && ch_temp != '\'')
			throw new ParseException(
				"Error in attr: invalid char (should be ' or \" )"
					+ formatLineNumber());
		temp_offset = offset;
	}
	
	private int process_attr_val()throws ParseException, EncodingException, EOFException{
		//int parser_state;
		 do{
				ch = r.getChar();
				if (XMLChar.isValidChar(ch) && ch != '<') {
					if (ch == ch_temp)
						break;
					if (ch == '&') {
						// as in vtd spec, we mark attr val with entities
						if (!XMLChar
							.isValidChar(entityIdentifier())) {
							throw new ParseException(
								"Error in attr: Invalid XML char"
									+ formatLineNumber());
						}
					}
				} else
					throw new ParseException(
						"Error in attr: Invalid XML char"
							+ formatLineNumber());
			}while (true);

			length1 = offset - temp_offset - increment;
			if (ns && is_ns){
				if (!default_ns && length1==0){
					throw new ParseException(" non-default ns URL can't be empty"
						+formatLineNumber());								
				}
				//identify nsURL return 0,1,2
				int t= identifyNsURL(temp_offset, length1);
				if (isXML){//xmlns:xml
					if (t!=1)
					//URL points to "http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace"
					throw new ParseException("xmlns:xml can only point to"
							+"\"http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace\"" 
							+ formatLineNumber());
					
				} else {
					if (!default_ns)
						nsBuffer2.append(((long)temp_offset<<32) | length1);
					if (t!=0){		
						if (t==1)
							throw new ParseException("namespace declaration can't point to"
								+" \"http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace\"" 
								+ formatLineNumber());
						throw new ParseException("namespace declaration can't point to"
							+" \"http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/\"" 
							+ formatLineNumber());	
					}
				}							
				// no ns URL points to 
				//"http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/"
				
				// no ns URL points to  
				//"http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace"
			}
			
			if (singleByteEncoding){
			//if (encoding < FORMAT_UTF_16BE){
				if (length1 > MAX_TOKEN_LENGTH)
					  throw new ParseException("Token Length Error:"
								  +" Attr val too long (>0xfffff)"
								  + formatLineNumber());
				_writeVTD(
					temp_offset,
					length1,
					TOKEN_ATTR_VAL,
					depth);
			}
			else{
				if (length1 > (MAX_TOKEN_LENGTH <<1))
					  throw new ParseException("Token Length Error:"
								  +" Attr val too long (>0xfffff)"
								  + formatLineNumber());
				_writeVTD(
					temp_offset >> 1,
					length1 >> 1,
					TOKEN_ATTR_VAL,
					depth);
			}
			
			
			isXML = false;
			is_ns = false;
			
			ch = r.getChar();
			if (XMLChar.isSpaceChar(ch)) {
				ch = getCharAfterS();
				if (XMLChar.isNameStartChar(ch)) {
					temp_offset = offset - increment;
					return STATE_ATTR_NAME;
					//break;
				}
			}

			helper = true;
			if (ch == '/') {
				depth--;
				helper = false;
				ch = r.getChar();
			}

			if (ch == '>') {
				if (ns){
					nsBuffer1.append(nsBuffer3.size-1);
					if (prefixed_attr_count>0)
						qualifyAttributes();
					if (prefixed_attr_count>1){
						checkQualifiedAttributeUniqueness();
					}
					if (currentElementRecord !=0)
						qualifyElement();
					prefixed_attr_count=0;
				}
				attr_count = 0;
				return processElementTail(helper);
			}

			throw new ParseException(
				"Starting tag Error: Invalid char in starting tag"
					+ formatLineNumber());
	}
	/**
	 * This private method processes PI tag
	 * @return the parser state after which the parser loop jumps to
	 * @throws ParseException
	 * @throws EncodingException
	 * @throws EOFException
	 */
	private int process_pi_tag() throws ParseException, EncodingException, EOFException{
		int parser_state;
		while (true) {
			ch = r.getChar();	
			if (!XMLChar.isNameChar(ch))
				break;
			//System.out.println(" ch ==> "+(char)ch);
		}
	
		length1 = offset - temp_offset - increment;
		/*System.out.println(
		    ((char) XMLDoc[temp_offset])
		        + " "
		        + (temp_offset)
		        + " "
		        + length1
		        + " PI Target "
		        + depth); */
		//if (encoding < FORMAT_UTF_16BE){
		if (singleByteEncoding){
			if (length1 > MAX_TOKEN_LENGTH)
				  throw new ParseException("Token Length Error:"
							  +" PI name too long (>0xfffff)"
							  + formatLineNumber());
			_writeVTD(
				(temp_offset),
				length1,
				TOKEN_PI_NAME,
				depth);
		}
		else{
			if(length1 > (MAX_TOKEN_LENGTH<<1))
				throw new ParseException("Token Length Error:"
							+" PI name too long (>0xfffff)"
							+ formatLineNumber());
			_writeVTD(
				(temp_offset) >> 1,
				(length1 >> 1),
				TOKEN_PI_NAME,
				depth);
		}
		//length1 = 0;
		//temp_offset = offset;
		/*if (XMLChar.isSpaceChar(ch)) {
			ch = r.getChar();
		}*/
		//ch = r.getChar();
		if (ch == '?') {
			// insert zero length pi value tag
			if (singleByteEncoding){
				_writeVTD(
					(temp_offset),
					0,
					TOKEN_PI_VAL,
					depth);
			}
			else{				
				_writeVTD(
					(temp_offset) >> 1,
					(0),
					TOKEN_PI_VAL,
					depth);
			}
			if (r.skipChar('>')) {
				temp_offset = offset;
				//ch = getCharAfterSe();
				ch = getCharAfterS();
				if (ch == '<') {
					if (ws) 
				    	addWhiteSpaceRecord();
					parser_state = STATE_LT_SEEN;
				} else if (XMLChar.isContentChar(ch)) {
					parser_state = STATE_TEXT;
				} else if (ch == '&') {
					//has_amp = true;
					entityIdentifier();
					parser_state = STATE_TEXT;
				} else if (ch == ']') {
					if (r.skipChar(']')) {
						while (r.skipChar(']')) {
						}
						if (r.skipChar('>'))
							throw new ParseException(
								"Error in text content: ]]> in text content"
									+ formatLineNumber());
					}
					parser_state = STATE_TEXT;
				}else
					throw new ParseException(
						"Error in text content: Invalid char"
							+ formatLineNumber());
				return parser_state;
			} else
				throw new ParseException(
					"Error in PI: invalid termination sequence"
						+ formatLineNumber());
		}
		parser_state = STATE_PI_VAL;
		return parser_state;
	}
	/**
	 * This private method processes PI val 
	 * @return the parser state after which the parser loop jumps to
	 * @throws ParseException
	 * @throws EncodingException
	 * @throws EOFException
	 */
	private int process_pi_val() throws ParseException, EncodingException, EOFException{
		int parser_state;
		if (!XMLChar.isSpaceChar(ch)) 
			throw new ParseException(
					"Error in PI: invalid termination sequence"
						+ formatLineNumber());
		temp_offset = offset;
		ch = r.getChar();
		while (true) {
			if (XMLChar.isValidChar(ch)) {
				//System.out.println(""+(char)ch);
				if (ch == '?')
					if (r.skipChar('>')) {
						break;
					} /*else
						throw new ParseException(
							"Error in PI: invalid termination sequence for PI"
								+ formatLineNumber());*/
			} else
				throw new ParseException(
					"Errors in PI: Invalid char in PI val"
						+ formatLineNumber());
			ch = r.getChar();
		}
		length1 = offset - temp_offset - (increment<<1);
		/*System.out.println(
		    ((char) XMLDoc[temp_offset])
		        + " "
		        + (temp_offset)
		        + " "
		        + length1
		        + " PI val "
		        + depth);*/
		//if (length1 != 0)
			if (singleByteEncoding) {// if (encoding < FORMAT_UTF_16BE){
				if (length1 > MAX_TOKEN_LENGTH)
					throw new ParseException("Token Length Error:"
							+ "PI VAL too long (>0xfffff)" + formatLineNumber());
				_writeVTD(temp_offset, length1, TOKEN_PI_VAL, depth);
			} else {
				if (length1 > (MAX_TOKEN_LENGTH << 1))
					throw new ParseException("Token Length Error:"
							+ "PI VAL too long (>0xfffff)" + formatLineNumber());
				_writeVTD(temp_offset >> 1, length1 >> 1, TOKEN_PI_VAL, depth);
			}
		//length1 = 0;
		temp_offset = offset;
		//ch = getCharAfterSe();
		ch = getCharAfterS();
		if (ch == '<') {
		    if (ws) 
		    	addWhiteSpaceRecord();
			parser_state = STATE_LT_SEEN;
		} else if (XMLChar.isContentChar(ch)) {
			//temp_offset = offset;
			parser_state = STATE_TEXT;
		} else if (ch == '&') {
			//has_amp = true;
			//temp_offset = offset;
			entityIdentifier();
			parser_state = STATE_TEXT;
		} else if (ch == ']') {
			if (r.skipChar(']')) {
				while (r.skipChar(']')) {
				}
				if (r.skipChar('>'))
					throw new ParseException(
						"Error in text content: ]]> in text content"
							+ formatLineNumber());
				
			}
			parser_state = STATE_TEXT;
		}else
			throw new ParseException(
				"Error in text content: Invalid char"
					+ formatLineNumber());
		return parser_state;

	}
	private int process_qm_seen()throws ParseException, EncodingException, EOFException {
	    temp_offset = offset;
		ch = r.getChar();
		if (XMLChar.isNameStartChar(ch)) {
			//temp_offset = offset;
			if ((ch == 'x' || ch == 'X')
				&& (r.skipChar('m')	|| r.skipChar('M'))
				&& (r.skipChar('l')	|| r.skipChar('L'))) {
				ch = r.getChar();
				if (ch == '?'
					|| XMLChar.isSpaceChar(ch))
					throw new ParseException(
						"Error in PI: [xX][mM][lL] not a valid PI targetname"
							+ formatLineNumber());
				offset = r.getPrevOffset();
			}
			return STATE_PI_TAG;
		}
		throw new ParseException(
			"Other Error: First char after > (a + 1));
			l1Buffer = new FastLongBuffer(i1);
			l2Buffer = new FastLongBuffer(i2);
			l3Buffer = new FastIntBuffer(i3);
		} else {

			int i1 = 7, i2 = 9, i3 = 11, i4 = 11, i5 = 11;
			if (docLen <= 1024) {
				// a = 1024; //set the floor
				a = 6;
				i1 = 5;
				i2 = 5;
				i3 = 5;
				i4 = 5;
				i5 = 5;
			} else if (docLen <= 4096) {
				a = 7;
				i1 = 6;
				i2 = 6;
				i3 = 6;
				i4 = 6;
				i5 = 6;
			} else if (docLen <= 1024 * 16) {
				a = 8;
				i1 = 7;
				i2 = 7;
				i3 = 7;
				i4 = 7;
				i5 = 7;
			} else if (docLen <= 1024 * 16 * 4) {
				// a = 2048;
				a = 11;
				i2 = 8;
				i3 = 8;
				i4 = 8;
				i5 = 8;
			} else if (docLen <= 1024 * 256) {
				// a = 1024 * 4;
				a = 12;
				i1 = 8;
				i2 = 9;
				i3 = 9;
				i4 = 9;
				i5 = 9;
			} else {
				// a = 1 << 15;
				a = 15;
			}

			VTDBuffer = new FastLongBuffer(a, len >> (a + 1));
			l1Buffer = new FastLongBuffer(i1);
			l2Buffer = new FastLongBuffer(i2);
			_l3Buffer = new FastLongBuffer(i3);
			_l4Buffer = new FastLongBuffer(i4);
			_l5Buffer = new FastIntBuffer(i5);
		}
	}
	/**
	 * The buffer-reuse version of setDoc
	 * The concept is to reuse LC and VTD buffer for 
	 * XML parsing, instead of allocating every time
	 * @param ba
	 *
	 */
	public void setDoc_BR(byte[] ba){
	    setDoc_BR(ba,0,ba.length);
	}
	
	/**
	 * The buffer-reuse version of setDoc
	 * The concept is to reuse LC and VTD buffer for 
	 * XML parsing, instead of allocating every time
	 * @param ba byte[]
	 * @param os int (in byte)
	 * @param len int (in byte)
	 *
	 */
	public void setDoc_BR(byte[] ba, int os, int len) {
		if (ba == null || os < 0 || len == 0 || ba.length < os + len) {
			throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal argument for setDoc_BR");
		}
		int a;
		br = true;
		depth = -1;
		increment = 1;
		BOM_detected = false;
		must_utf_8 = false;
		ch = ch_temp = 0;
		temp_offset = 0;
		XMLDoc = ba;
		docOffset = offset = os;
		docLen = len;
		endOffset = os + len;
		last_l1_index = last_l2_index = last_depth = last_l3_index = last_l4_index= 0;
		currentElementRecord = 0;
		nsBuffer1.size = 0;
		nsBuffer2.size = 0;
		nsBuffer3.size = 0;
		r = new UTF8Reader();
		if (shallowDepth) {
			int i1 = 8, i2 = 9, i3 = 11;
			if (docLen <= 1024) {
				// a = 1024; //set the floor
				a = 6;
				i1 = 5;
				i2 = 5;
				i3 = 5;
			} else if (docLen <= 4096) {
				a = 7;
				i1 = 6;
				i2 = 6;
				i3 = 6;
			} else if (docLen <= 1024 * 16) {
				a = 8;
				i1 = 7;
				i2 = 7;
				i3 = 7;
			} else if (docLen <= 1024 * 16 * 4) {
				// a = 2048;
				a = 11;
				i2 = 8;
				i3 = 8;
			} else if (docLen <= 1024 * 256) {
				// a = 1024 * 4;
				a = 12;
			} else {
				// a = 1 << 15;
				a = 15;
			}
			if (VTDBuffer == null) {
				VTDBuffer = new FastLongBuffer(a, len >> (a + 1));
				l1Buffer = new FastLongBuffer(i1);
				l2Buffer = new FastLongBuffer(i2);
				l3Buffer = new FastIntBuffer(i3);
			} else {
				VTDBuffer.size = 0;
				l1Buffer.size = 0;
				l2Buffer.size = 0;
				l3Buffer.size = 0;
			}
		} else {
			int i1 = 8, i2 = 9, i3 = 11, i4 = 11, i5 = 11;
			if (docLen <= 1024) {
				// a = 1024; //set the floor
				a = 6;
				i1 = 5;
				i2 = 5;
				i3 = 5;
				i4 = 5;
				i5 = 5;
			} else if (docLen <= 4096) {
				a = 7;
				i1 = 6;
				i2 = 6;
				i3 = 6;
				i4 = 6;
				i5 = 6;
			} else if (docLen <= 1024 * 16) {
				a = 8;
				i1 = 7;
				i2 = 7;
				i3 = 7;
			} else if (docLen <= 1024 * 16 * 4) {
				// a = 2048;
				a = 11;
				i2 = 8;
				i3 = 8;
				i4 = 8;
				i5 = 8;
			} else if (docLen <= 1024 * 256) {
				// a = 1024 * 4;
				a = 12;
				i1 = 8;
				i2 = 9;
				i3 = 9;
				i4 = 9;
				i5 = 9;
			} else if (docLen <= 1024 * 1024) {
				// a = 1024 * 4;
				a = 12;
				i1 = 8;
				i3 = 10;
				i4 = 10;
				i5 = 10;
			} else {
				// a = 1 << 15;
				a = 15;
				i1 = 8;
			}
			if (VTDBuffer == null) {
				VTDBuffer = new FastLongBuffer(a, len >> (a + 1));
				l1Buffer = new FastLongBuffer(i1);
				l2Buffer = new FastLongBuffer(i2);
				_l3Buffer = new FastLongBuffer(i3);
				_l4Buffer = new FastLongBuffer(i4);
				_l5Buffer = new FastIntBuffer(i5);
			} else {
				VTDBuffer.size = 0;
				l1Buffer.size = 0;
				l2Buffer.size = 0;
				_l3Buffer.size = 0;
				_l4Buffer.size = 0;
				_l5Buffer.size = 0;
			}
		}
	}
	/**
	 * This method writes the VTD+XML into an outputStream
	 * @param os
	 * @throws IOException
	 * @throws IndexWriteException
	 *
	 */
	public void writeIndex(OutputStream os) throws IOException,IndexWriteException{
	    if (shallowDepth)
	    	IndexHandler.writeIndex_L3((byte)1,
	            this.encoding,
	            this.ns,
	            true,
	            this.VTDDepth,
	            3,
	            this.rootIndex,
	            this.XMLDoc,
	            this.docOffset,
	            this.docLen,
	            this.VTDBuffer,
	            this.l1Buffer,
	            this.l2Buffer,
	            this.l3Buffer,
	            os);
	    else
	    	IndexHandler.writeIndex_L5((byte)1,
		            this.encoding,
		            this.ns,
		            true,
		            this.VTDDepth,
		            5,
		            this.rootIndex,
		            this.XMLDoc,
		            this.docOffset,
		            this.docLen,
		            this.VTDBuffer,
		            this.l1Buffer,
		            this.l2Buffer,
		            this._l3Buffer,
		            this._l4Buffer,
		            this._l5Buffer,
		            os);
	}
	
	/**
	 * This method writes the VTDs and LCs into an outputStream
	 * @param os
	 * @throws IOException
	 * @throws IndexWriteException
	 *
	 */
	public void writeSeparateIndex(OutputStream os) throws IOException,IndexWriteException{
		if (shallowDepth)
			IndexHandler.writeSeparateIndex_L3((byte)2,
	            this.encoding,
	            this.ns,
	            true,
	            this.VTDDepth,
	            3,
	            this.rootIndex,
	            //this.XMLDoc,
	            this.docOffset,
	            this.docLen,
	            this.VTDBuffer,
	            this.l1Buffer,
	            this.l2Buffer,
	            this.l3Buffer,
	            os);
		else
			IndexHandler.writeSeparateIndex_L5((byte)2,
		            this.encoding,
		            this.ns,
		            true,
		            this.VTDDepth,
		            5,
		            this.rootIndex,
		            //this.XMLDoc,
		            this.docOffset,
		            this.docLen,
		            this.VTDBuffer,
		            this.l1Buffer,
		            this.l2Buffer,
		            this._l3Buffer,
		            this._l4Buffer,
		            this._l5Buffer,
		            os);
	}
	
	/**
	 * This method writes the VTD+XML file into a file of the given name
	 * @param fileName
	 * @throws IOException
	 * @throws IndexWriteException
	 *
	 */
	public void writeIndex(String fileName) throws IOException,IndexWriteException{
	    FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(fileName);
	    writeIndex(fos);
	    fos.close();
	}
	
	/**
	 * This method writes the VTDs and LCs into a file of the given name
	 * XML is not part of the index 
	 * please refer to VTD-XML web site for the spec and explanation
	 * @param fileName
	 * @throws IOException
	 * @throws IndexWriteException
	 *
	 */
	public void writeSeparateIndex(String fileName) throws IOException,IndexWriteException{
	    FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(fileName);
	    writeSeparateIndex(fos);
	    fos.close();
	}
	/**
	 * Write the VTD and LC into their storage container for where LC depth is 5.
	 * @param offset int
	 * @param length int
	 * @param token_type int
	 * @param depth int
	 */
	private void writeVTD(int offset, int length, int token_type, int depth) {

		
			VTDBuffer.append(((long) ((token_type << 28)
					| ((depth & 0xff) << 20) | length) << 32)
					| offset);
		
			switch (depth) {
			case 0:
				rootIndex = VTDBuffer.size - 1;
				break;
			case 1:
				if (last_depth == 1) {
					l1Buffer.append(((long) last_l1_index << 32) | 0xffffffffL);
				} else if (last_depth == 2) {
					l2Buffer.append(((long) last_l2_index << 32) | 0xffffffffL);
				}
				last_l1_index = VTDBuffer.size - 1;
				last_depth = 1;
				break;
			case 2:
				if (last_depth == 1) {
					l1Buffer.append(((long) last_l1_index << 32)
							+ l2Buffer.size);
				} else if (last_depth == 2) {
					l2Buffer.append(((long) last_l2_index << 32) | 0xffffffffL);
				}
				last_l2_index = VTDBuffer.size - 1;
				last_depth = 2;
				break;

			case 3:
				l3Buffer.append(VTDBuffer.size - 1);
				if (last_depth == 2) {
					l2Buffer.append(((long) last_l2_index << 32)
							+ l3Buffer.size - 1);
				}
				last_depth = 3;
				break;
			default:
			//rootIndex = VTDBuffer.size() - 1;
			}			
	}
	
	private void _writeVTD(int offset, int length, int token_type, int depth) {
		VTDBuffer.append(((long) ((token_type << 28)
				| ((depth & 0xff) << 20) | length) << 32)
				| offset);
	}
	
	private void writeVTDText(int offset, int length, int token_type, int depth) {
		if (length > MAX_TOKEN_LENGTH) {
			int k;
			int r_offset = offset;
			for (k = length; k > MAX_TOKEN_LENGTH; k = k - MAX_TOKEN_LENGTH) {
				VTDBuffer.append(((long) ((token_type << 28)
						| ((depth & 0xff) << 20) | MAX_TOKEN_LENGTH) << 32)
						| r_offset);
				r_offset += MAX_TOKEN_LENGTH;
			}
			VTDBuffer.append(((long) ((token_type << 28)
					| ((depth & 0xff) << 20) | k) << 32)
					| r_offset);
		} else {
			VTDBuffer.append(((long) ((token_type << 28)
					| ((depth & 0xff) << 20) | length) << 32)
					| offset);
		}
	}
	/**
	 * Write the VTD and LC into their storage container.
	 * @param offset int
	 * @param length int
	 * @param token_type int
	 * @param depth int
	 */
	private void writeVTD_L5(int offset, int length, int token_type, int depth) {


			VTDBuffer.append(((long) ((token_type << 28)
					| ((depth & 0xff) << 20) | length) << 32)
					| offset);
		
			switch (depth) {
			case 0:
				rootIndex = VTDBuffer.size - 1;
				break;
			case 1:
				if (last_depth == 1) {
					l1Buffer.append(((long) last_l1_index << 32) | 0xffffffffL);
				} else if (last_depth == 2) {
					l2Buffer.append(((long) last_l2_index << 32) | 0xffffffffL);
				} else if (last_depth ==3) {
					_l3Buffer.append(((long) last_l3_index << 32) | 0xffffffffL);
				} else if (last_depth ==4){
					_l4Buffer.append(((long) last_l4_index << 32) | 0xffffffffL);
				}
				last_l1_index = VTDBuffer.size - 1;
				last_depth = 1;
				break;
			case 2:
				if (last_depth == 1) {
					l1Buffer.append(((long) last_l1_index << 32)
							+ l2Buffer.size);
				} else if (last_depth == 2) {
					l2Buffer.append(((long) last_l2_index << 32) | 0xffffffffL);
				} else if (last_depth ==3) {
					_l3Buffer.append(((long) last_l3_index << 32) | 0xffffffffL);
				} else if (last_depth ==4){
					_l4Buffer.append(((long) last_l4_index << 32) | 0xffffffffL);
				}
				last_l2_index = VTDBuffer.size - 1;
				last_depth = 2;
				break;

			case 3:
				/*if (last_depth == 1) {
					l1Buffer.append(((long) last_l1_index << 32)
							+ l2Buffer.size);
				} else*/ 
				if (last_depth == 2) {
					l2Buffer.append(((long) last_l2_index << 32) 
							+ _l3Buffer.size);
				} else if (last_depth ==3) {
					_l3Buffer.append(((long) last_l3_index << 32) | 0xffffffffL);
				} else if (last_depth ==4){
					_l4Buffer.append(((long) last_l4_index << 32) | 0xffffffffL);
				}
				last_l3_index = VTDBuffer.size - 1;
				last_depth = 3;
				break;
				
			case 4:
				/*if (last_depth == 1) {
					l1Buffer.append(((long) last_l1_index << 32)
							+ l2Buffer.size);
				} else if (last_depth == 2) {
					l2Buffer.append(((long) last_l2_index << 32) | 0xffffffffL);
				} else*/ 
				if (last_depth ==3) {
					_l3Buffer.append(((long) last_l3_index << 32) 
							+ _l4Buffer.size);
				} else if (last_depth ==4){
					_l4Buffer.append(((long) last_l4_index << 32) | 0xffffffffL);
				}
				last_l4_index = VTDBuffer.size - 1;
				last_depth = 4;
				break;
			case 5:
				_l5Buffer.append(VTDBuffer.size - 1);
				if (last_depth == 4) {
					_l4Buffer.append(((long) last_l4_index << 32)
							+ _l5Buffer.size - 1);
				}
				last_depth = 5;
				break;
				
			//default:
			//rootIndex = VTDBuffer.size() - 1;
			}
	}
	/**
	 * 
	 * @throws ParseException
	 */
	private void qualifyElement() throws ParseException{
		int i= nsBuffer3.size-1;
		// two cases:
		// 1. the current element has no prefix, look for xmlns
		// 2. the current element has prefix, look for xmlns:something
		
		int preLen = (int)((currentElementRecord & 0xffff000000000000L)>>48);
		int preOs = (int)currentElementRecord;
		while(i>=0){
			int t = nsBuffer3.upper32At(i);
			// with prefix, get full length and prefix length
			if ( (t&0xffff) - (t>>16) == preLen){
				// doing byte comparison here
				int os = nsBuffer3.lower32At(i)+(t>>16)+increment;
				int k=0;
				for (;k= '0' && ch <= '9') {
							val = (val << 4) + (ch - '0');
						} else if (ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'f') {
							val = (val << 4) + (ch - 'a' + 10);
						} else if (ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'F') {
							val = (val << 4) + (ch - 'A' + 10);
						} else if (ch == ';') {
							inc+=increment;
							break;
						} 
					}
				} else {
					while (true) {
						ch = getCharUnit(byte_offset);
						byte_offset+=increment;
						inc+=increment;
						if (ch >= '0' && ch <= '9') {
							val = val * 10 + (ch - '0');
						} else if (ch == ';') {
							break;
						} 						
					}
				}
				break;

			case 'a' :
				ch = getCharUnit(byte_offset);
				if (encoding"+new String(XMLDoc, bos1, len1)+" "+new String(XMLDoc,bos2,len2));
		while(i1>32);
			i2 += (int)(l2>>32);
		}
		if (i1==i3 && i2==i4)
			return true;
		return false;
	}
	
	private void checkAttributeUniqueness()
	throws ParseException
	{
		boolean unique = true;
		boolean unequal;
		for (int i = 0; i < attr_count; i++) {
			unequal = false;
			int prevLen = (int) attr_name_array[i];
			if (length1 == prevLen) {
				int prevOffset =
					(int) (attr_name_array[i] >> 32);
				for (int j = 0; j < prevLen; j++) {
					if (XMLDoc[prevOffset + j]
						!= XMLDoc[temp_offset + j]) {
						unequal = true;
						break;
					}
				}
			} else
				unequal = true;
			unique = unique && unequal;
		}
		if (!unique && attr_count != 0)
			throw new ParseException(
				"Error in attr: Attr name not unique"
					+ formatLineNumber());
		unique = true;
		if (attr_count < attr_name_array.length) {
			attr_name_array[attr_count] =
				((long) (temp_offset) << 32) | length1;
			attr_count++;
		} else // grow the attr_name_array by 16
			{
			long[] temp_array = attr_name_array;
			/*System.out.println(
				"size increase from "
					+ temp_array.length
					+ "  to "
					+ (attr_count + 16));*/
			attr_name_array =
				new long[attr_count + ATTR_NAME_ARRAY_SIZE];
			System.arraycopy(temp_array, 0, attr_name_array, 0, attr_count);
			/*for (int i = 0; i < attr_count; i++) {
				attr_name_array[i] = temp_array[i];
			}*/
			attr_name_array[attr_count] =
				((long) (temp_offset) << 32) | length1;
			attr_count++;
		}
		// insert prefix attr node into the prefixed_attr_name array
		// xml:something will not be inserted
		//System.out.println(" prefixed attr count ===>"+prefixed_attr_count);
		//System.out.println(" length2 ===>"+length2);
		if (ns && !is_ns && length2!=0 ){
			if ((increment==1 && length2 ==3 && matchXML(temp_offset))
					|| (increment==2 &&length2 ==6 &&  matchXML(temp_offset))){
				return;
			}
			else if (prefixed_attr_count < prefixed_attr_name_array.length){
				prefixed_attr_name_array[prefixed_attr_count] =
					((long) (temp_offset) << 32) | (length2<<16)| length1;
				prefixed_attr_count++;
			}else {
				long[] temp_array1 = prefixed_attr_name_array;
				prefixed_attr_name_array =
					new long[prefixed_attr_count + ATTR_NAME_ARRAY_SIZE];
				prefix_URL_array =
					new int[prefixed_attr_count + ATTR_NAME_ARRAY_SIZE];
				System.arraycopy(temp_array1, 0, prefixed_attr_name_array, 0, prefixed_attr_count);
				//System.arraycopy(temp_array1, 0, prefixed_attr_val_array, 0, prefixed_attr_count)
				/*for (int i = 0; i < attr_count; i++) {
					attr_name_array[i] = temp_array[i];
				}*/
				prefixed_attr_name_array[prefixed_attr_count] =
					((long) (temp_offset) << 32) | (length2<<16)| length1;
				prefixed_attr_count++;
			}
		}
	}
		
	private void handleOtherTextChar(int ch) throws ParseException{
		 if (ch == '&') {
			//has_amp = true;	
			 if (!XMLChar.isValidChar(entityIdentifier()))
					throw new ParseException(
						"Error in text content: Invalid char in text content "
						+ formatLineNumber());
				//parser_state = STATE_TEXT;
		}  else if (ch == ']') {
			if (r.skipChar(']')) {
				while (r.skipChar(']')) {
				}
				if (r.skipChar('>'))
					throw new ParseException(
						"Error in text content: ]]> in text content"
						+ formatLineNumber());
			}	
		} else
			throw new ParseException(
				"Error in text content: Invalid char in text content "
				+ formatLineNumber());		
	}
	
	private void handleOtherTextChar2(int ch) throws ParseException{
		if (ch == '&') {
			//has_amp = true;
			//temp_offset = offset;
			entityIdentifier();
			//parser_state = STATE_TEXT;
		} else if (ch == ']') {
			if (r.skipChar(']')) {
				while (r.skipChar(']')) {
				}
				if (r.skipChar('>'))
					throw new ParseException(
						"Error in text content: ]]> in text content"
							+ formatLineNumber());
			}
			//parser_state = STATE_TEXT;
		}else
			throw new ParseException(
				"Error in text content: Invalid char"
					+ formatLineNumber());
	}
	private int processElementTail(boolean helper) throws ParseException, EncodingException, EOFException{
		if (depth != -1) {
			temp_offset = offset;
			//ch = getCharAfterSe();
			ch = getCharAfterS();

			if (ch == '<') {
				if (ws) 
			    	addWhiteSpaceRecord();
				//parser_state = STATE_LT_SEEN;
				if (r.skipChar('/')) {
					if (helper) {
						length1 = offset - temp_offset
								- (increment << 1);
						//if (length1 > 0) {
						if (singleByteEncoding)//if (encoding < FORMAT_UTF_16BE)
							writeVTDText((temp_offset),
									length1,
									TOKEN_CHARACTER_DATA,
									depth);
						else
							writeVTDText((temp_offset) >> 1,
									(length1 >> 1),
									TOKEN_CHARACTER_DATA,
									depth);
						//}
					}
					return STATE_END_TAG;
				}
				return STATE_LT_SEEN;
			} else if (XMLChar.isContentChar(ch)) {
				//temp_offset = offset;
				return STATE_TEXT;
			} else {
				handleOtherTextChar2(ch);
				return STATE_TEXT;
			}
		} 
		return STATE_DOC_END;
		
	}
	
}	




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