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/*
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
* contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
* the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.apache.commons.fileupload;
import static java.lang.String.format;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadBase.FileUploadIOException;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.util.Closeable;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.util.Streams;
/**
* Low level API for processing file uploads.
*
*
This class can be used to process data streams conforming to MIME
* 'multipart' format as defined in
* RFC 1867. Arbitrarily
* large amounts of data in the stream can be processed under constant
* memory usage.
*
*
The format of the stream is defined in the following way:
*
*
* multipart-body := preamble 1*encapsulation close-delimiter epilogue
* encapsulation := delimiter body CRLF
* delimiter := "--" boundary CRLF
* close-delimiter := "--" boundary "--"
* preamble := <ignore>
* epilogue := <ignore>
* body := header-part CRLF body-part
* header-part := 1*header CRLF
* header := header-name ":" header-value
* header-name := <printable ascii characters except ":">
* header-value := <any ascii characters except CR & LF>
* body-data := <arbitrary data>
*
*
*
Note that body-data can contain another mulipart entity. There
* is limited support for single pass processing of such nested
* streams. The nested stream is required to have a
* boundary token of the same length as the parent stream (see {@link
* #setBoundary(byte[])}).
*
*
Here is an example of usage of this class.
*
*
* try {
* MultipartStream multipartStream = new MultipartStream(input, boundary);
* boolean nextPart = multipartStream.skipPreamble();
* OutputStream output;
* while(nextPart) {
* String header = multipartStream.readHeaders();
* // process headers
* // create some output stream
* multipartStream.readBodyData(output);
* nextPart = multipartStream.readBoundary();
* }
* } catch(MultipartStream.MalformedStreamException e) {
* // the stream failed to follow required syntax
* } catch(IOException e) {
* // a read or write error occurred
* }
*
*/
public class MultipartStream {
/**
* Internal class, which is used to invoke the
* {@link ProgressListener}.
*/
public static class ProgressNotifier {
/**
* The listener to invoke.
*/
private final ProgressListener listener;
/**
* Number of expected bytes, if known, or -1.
*/
private final long contentLength;
/**
* Number of bytes, which have been read so far.
*/
private long bytesRead;
/**
* Number of items, which have been read so far.
*/
private int items;
/**
* Creates a new instance with the given listener
* and content length.
*
* @param pListener The listener to invoke.
* @param pContentLength The expected content length.
*/
ProgressNotifier(ProgressListener pListener, long pContentLength) {
listener = pListener;
contentLength = pContentLength;
}
/**
* Called to indicate that bytes have been read.
*
* @param pBytes Number of bytes, which have been read.
*/
void noteBytesRead(int pBytes) {
/* Indicates, that the given number of bytes have been read from
* the input stream.
*/
bytesRead += pBytes;
notifyListener();
}
/**
* Called to indicate, that a new file item has been detected.
*/
void noteItem() {
++items;
notifyListener();
}
/**
* Called for notifying the listener.
*/
private void notifyListener() {
if (listener != null) {
listener.update(bytesRead, contentLength, items);
}
}
}
// ----------------------------------------------------- Manifest constants
/**
* The Carriage Return ASCII character value.
*/
public static final byte CR = 0x0D;
/**
* The Line Feed ASCII character value.
*/
public static final byte LF = 0x0A;
/**
* The dash (-) ASCII character value.
*/
public static final byte DASH = 0x2D;
/**
* The maximum length of header-part that will be
* processed (10 kilobytes = 10240 bytes.).
*/
public static final int HEADER_PART_SIZE_MAX = 10240;
/**
* The default length of the buffer used for processing a request.
*/
protected static final int DEFAULT_BUFSIZE = 4096;
/**
* A byte sequence that marks the end of header-part
* (CRLFCRLF).
*/
protected static final byte[] HEADER_SEPARATOR = {CR, LF, CR, LF};
/**
* A byte sequence that that follows a delimiter that will be
* followed by an encapsulation (CRLF).
*/
protected static final byte[] FIELD_SEPARATOR = {CR, LF};
/**
* A byte sequence that that follows a delimiter of the last
* encapsulation in the stream (--).
*/
protected static final byte[] STREAM_TERMINATOR = {DASH, DASH};
/**
* A byte sequence that precedes a boundary (CRLF--).
*/
protected static final byte[] BOUNDARY_PREFIX = {CR, LF, DASH, DASH};
// ----------------------------------------------------------- Data members
/**
* The input stream from which data is read.
*/
private final InputStream input;
/**
* The length of the boundary token plus the leading CRLF--.
*/
private int boundaryLength;
/**
* The amount of data, in bytes, that must be kept in the buffer in order
* to detect delimiters reliably.
*/
private final int keepRegion;
/**
* The byte sequence that partitions the stream.
*/
private final byte[] boundary;
/**
* The table for Knuth-Morris-Pratt search algorithm.
*/
private final int[] boundaryTable;
/**
* The length of the buffer used for processing the request.
*/
private final int bufSize;
/**
* The buffer used for processing the request.
*/
private final byte[] buffer;
/**
* The index of first valid character in the buffer.
*
* 0 <= head < bufSize
*/
private int head;
/**
* The index of last valid character in the buffer + 1.
*
* 0 <= tail <= bufSize
*/
private int tail;
/**
* The content encoding to use when reading headers.
*/
private String headerEncoding;
/**
* The progress notifier, if any, or null.
*/
private final ProgressNotifier notifier;
// ----------------------------------------------------------- Constructors
/**
* Creates a new instance.
*
* @deprecated 1.2.1 Use {@link #MultipartStream(InputStream, byte[], int,
* ProgressNotifier)}
*/
@Deprecated
public MultipartStream() {
this(null, null, null);
}
/**
* Constructs a MultipartStream with a custom size buffer
* and no progress notifier.
*
*
Note that the buffer must be at least big enough to contain the
* boundary string, plus 4 characters for CR/LF and double dash, plus at
* least one byte of data. Too small a buffer size setting will degrade
* performance.
*
* @param input The InputStream to serve as a data source.
* @param boundary The token used for dividing the stream into
* encapsulations.
* @param bufSize The size of the buffer to be used, in bytes.
*
* @deprecated 1.2.1 Use {@link #MultipartStream(InputStream, byte[], int,
* ProgressNotifier)}.
*/
@Deprecated
public MultipartStream(InputStream input, byte[] boundary, int bufSize) {
this(input, boundary, bufSize, null);
}
/**
*
Constructs a MultipartStream with a custom size buffer.
*
*
Note that the buffer must be at least big enough to contain the
* boundary string, plus 4 characters for CR/LF and double dash, plus at
* least one byte of data. Too small a buffer size setting will degrade
* performance.
*
* @param input The InputStream to serve as a data source.
* @param boundary The token used for dividing the stream into
* encapsulations.
* @param bufSize The size of the buffer to be used, in bytes.
* @param pNotifier The notifier, which is used for calling the
* progress listener, if any.
*
* @throws IllegalArgumentException If the buffer size is too small
*
* @since 1.3.1
*/
public MultipartStream(InputStream input,
byte[] boundary,
int bufSize,
ProgressNotifier pNotifier) {
if (boundary == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("boundary may not be null");
}
// We prepend CR/LF to the boundary to chop trailing CR/LF from
// body-data tokens.
this.boundaryLength = boundary.length + BOUNDARY_PREFIX.length;
if (bufSize < this.boundaryLength + 1) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"The buffer size specified for the MultipartStream is too small");
}
this.input = input;
this.bufSize = Math.max(bufSize, boundaryLength * 2);
this.buffer = new byte[this.bufSize];
this.notifier = pNotifier;
this.boundary = new byte[this.boundaryLength];
this.boundaryTable = new int[this.boundaryLength + 1];
this.keepRegion = this.boundary.length;
System.arraycopy(BOUNDARY_PREFIX, 0, this.boundary, 0,
BOUNDARY_PREFIX.length);
System.arraycopy(boundary, 0, this.boundary, BOUNDARY_PREFIX.length,
boundary.length);
computeBoundaryTable();
head = 0;
tail = 0;
}
/**
*
Constructs a MultipartStream with a default size buffer.
*
* @param input The InputStream to serve as a data source.
* @param boundary The token used for dividing the stream into
* encapsulations.
* @param pNotifier An object for calling the progress listener, if any.
*
*
* @see #MultipartStream(InputStream, byte[], int, ProgressNotifier)
*/
MultipartStream(InputStream input,
byte[] boundary,
ProgressNotifier pNotifier) {
this(input, boundary, DEFAULT_BUFSIZE, pNotifier);
}
/**
*
Constructs a MultipartStream with a default size buffer.
*
* @param input The InputStream to serve as a data source.
* @param boundary The token used for dividing the stream into
* encapsulations.
*
* @deprecated 1.2.1 Use {@link #MultipartStream(InputStream, byte[], int,
* ProgressNotifier)}.
*/
@Deprecated
public MultipartStream(InputStream input,
byte[] boundary) {
this(input, boundary, DEFAULT_BUFSIZE, null);
}
// --------------------------------------------------------- Public methods
/**
* Retrieves the character encoding used when reading the headers of an
* individual part. When not specified, or null, the platform
* default encoding is used.
*
* @return The encoding used to read part headers.
*/
public String getHeaderEncoding() {
return headerEncoding;
}
/**
* Specifies the character encoding to be used when reading the headers of
* individual parts. When not specified, or null, the platform
* default encoding is used.
*
* @param encoding The encoding used to read part headers.
*/
public void setHeaderEncoding(String encoding) {
headerEncoding = encoding;
}
/**
* Reads a byte from the buffer, and refills it as
* necessary.
*
* @return The next byte from the input stream.
*
* @throws IOException if there is no more data available.
*/
public byte readByte() throws IOException {
// Buffer depleted ?
if (head == tail) {
head = 0;
// Refill.
tail = input.read(buffer, head, bufSize);
if (tail == -1) {
// No more data available.
throw new IOException("No more data is available");
}
if (notifier != null) {
notifier.noteBytesRead(tail);
}
}
return buffer[head++];
}
/**
* Skips a boundary token, and checks whether more
* encapsulations are contained in the stream.
*
* @return true if there are more encapsulations in
* this stream; false otherwise.
*
* @throws FileUploadIOException if the bytes read from the stream exceeded the size limits
* @throws MalformedStreamException if the stream ends unexpectedly or
* fails to follow required syntax.
*/
public boolean readBoundary()
throws FileUploadIOException, MalformedStreamException {
byte[] marker = new byte[2];
boolean nextChunk = false;
head += boundaryLength;
try {
marker[0] = readByte();
if (marker[0] == LF) {
// Work around IE5 Mac bug with input type=image.
// Because the boundary delimiter, not including the trailing
// CRLF, must not appear within any file (RFC 2046, section
// 5.1.1), we know the missing CR is due to a buggy browser
// rather than a file containing something similar to a
// boundary.
return true;
}
marker[1] = readByte();
if (arrayequals(marker, STREAM_TERMINATOR, 2)) {
nextChunk = false;
} else if (arrayequals(marker, FIELD_SEPARATOR, 2)) {
nextChunk = true;
} else {
throw new MalformedStreamException(
"Unexpected characters follow a boundary");
}
} catch (FileUploadIOException e) {
// wraps a SizeException, re-throw as it will be unwrapped later
throw e;
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new MalformedStreamException("Stream ended unexpectedly");
}
return nextChunk;
}
/**
*
Changes the boundary token used for partitioning the stream.
*
*
This method allows single pass processing of nested multipart
* streams.
*
*
The boundary token of the nested stream is required
* to be of the same length as the boundary token in parent stream.
*
*
Restoring the parent stream boundary token after processing of a
* nested stream is left to the application.
*
* @param boundary The boundary to be used for parsing of the nested
* stream.
*
* @throws IllegalBoundaryException if the boundary
* has a different length than the one
* being currently parsed.
*/
public void setBoundary(byte[] boundary)
throws IllegalBoundaryException {
if (boundary.length != boundaryLength - BOUNDARY_PREFIX.length) {
throw new IllegalBoundaryException(
"The length of a boundary token cannot be changed");
}
System.arraycopy(boundary, 0, this.boundary, BOUNDARY_PREFIX.length,
boundary.length);
computeBoundaryTable();
}
/**
* Compute the table used for Knuth-Morris-Pratt search algorithm.
*/
private void computeBoundaryTable() {
int position = 2;
int candidate = 0;
boundaryTable[0] = -1;
boundaryTable[1] = 0;
while (position <= boundaryLength) {
if (boundary[position - 1] == boundary[candidate]) {
boundaryTable[position] = candidate + 1;
candidate++;
position++;
} else if (candidate > 0) {
candidate = boundaryTable[candidate];
} else {
boundaryTable[position] = 0;
position++;
}
}
}
/**
*
Reads the header-part of the current
* encapsulation.
*
*
Headers are returned verbatim to the input stream, including the
* trailing CRLF marker. Parsing is left to the
* application.
*
*
TODO allow limiting maximum header size to
* protect against abuse.
*
* @return The header-part of the current encapsulation.
*
* @throws FileUploadIOException if the bytes read from the stream exceeded the size limits.
* @throws MalformedStreamException if the stream ends unexpectedly.
*/
public String readHeaders() throws FileUploadIOException, MalformedStreamException {
int i = 0;
byte b;
// to support multi-byte characters
ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
int size = 0;
while (i < HEADER_SEPARATOR.length) {
try {
b = readByte();
} catch (FileUploadIOException e) {
// wraps a SizeException, re-throw as it will be unwrapped later
throw e;
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new MalformedStreamException("Stream ended unexpectedly");
}
if (++size > HEADER_PART_SIZE_MAX) {
throw new MalformedStreamException(
format("Header section has more than %s bytes (maybe it is not properly terminated)",
Integer.valueOf(HEADER_PART_SIZE_MAX)));
}
if (b == HEADER_SEPARATOR[i]) {
i++;
} else {
i = 0;
}
baos.write(b);
}
String headers = null;
if (headerEncoding != null) {
try {
headers = baos.toString(headerEncoding);
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
// Fall back to platform default if specified encoding is not
// supported.
headers = baos.toString();
}
} else {
headers = baos.toString();
}
return headers;
}
/**
*
Reads body-data from the current
* encapsulation and writes its contents into the
* output Stream.
*
*
Arbitrary large amounts of data can be processed by this
* method using a constant size buffer. (see {@link
* #MultipartStream(InputStream,byte[],int,
* MultipartStream.ProgressNotifier) constructor}).
*
* @param output The Stream to write data into. May
* be null, in which case this method is equivalent
* to {@link #discardBodyData()}.
*
* @return the amount of data written.
*
* @throws MalformedStreamException if the stream ends unexpectedly.
* @throws IOException if an i/o error occurs.
*/
public int readBodyData(OutputStream output)
throws MalformedStreamException, IOException {
return (int) Streams.copy(newInputStream(), output, false); // N.B. Streams.copy closes the input stream
}
/**
* Creates a new {@link ItemInputStream}.
* @return A new instance of {@link ItemInputStream}.
*/
ItemInputStream newInputStream() {
return new ItemInputStream();
}
/**
*
Reads body-data from the current
* encapsulation and discards it.
*
*
Use this method to skip encapsulations you don't need or don't
* understand.
*
* @return The amount of data discarded.
*
* @throws MalformedStreamException if the stream ends unexpectedly.
* @throws IOException if an i/o error occurs.
*/
public int discardBodyData() throws MalformedStreamException, IOException {
return readBodyData(null);
}
/**
* Finds the beginning of the first encapsulation.
*
* @return true if an encapsulation was found in
* the stream.
*
* @throws IOException if an i/o error occurs.
*/
public boolean skipPreamble() throws IOException {
// First delimiter may be not preceeded with a CRLF.
System.arraycopy(boundary, 2, boundary, 0, boundary.length - 2);
boundaryLength = boundary.length - 2;
computeBoundaryTable();
try {
// Discard all data up to the delimiter.
discardBodyData();
// Read boundary - if succeeded, the stream contains an
// encapsulation.
return readBoundary();
} catch (MalformedStreamException e) {
return false;
} finally {
// Restore delimiter.
System.arraycopy(boundary, 0, boundary, 2, boundary.length - 2);
boundaryLength = boundary.length;
boundary[0] = CR;
boundary[1] = LF;
computeBoundaryTable();
}
}
/**
* Compares count first bytes in the arrays
* a and b.
*
* @param a The first array to compare.
* @param b The second array to compare.
* @param count How many bytes should be compared.
*
* @return true if count first bytes in arrays
* a and b are equal.
*/
public static boolean arrayequals(byte[] a,
byte[] b,
int count) {
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
if (a[i] != b[i]) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
/**
* Searches for a byte of specified value in the buffer,
* starting at the specified position.
*
* @param value The value to find.
* @param pos The starting position for searching.
*
* @return The position of byte found, counting from beginning of the
* buffer, or -1 if not found.
*/
protected int findByte(byte value,
int pos) {
for (int i = pos; i < tail; i++) {
if (buffer[i] == value) {
return i;
}
}
return -1;
}
/**
* Searches for the boundary in the buffer
* region delimited by head and tail.
*
* @return The position of the boundary found, counting from the
* beginning of the buffer, or -1 if
* not found.
*/
protected int findSeparator() {
int bufferPos = this.head;
int tablePos = 0;
while (bufferPos < this.tail) {
while (tablePos >= 0 && buffer[bufferPos] != boundary[tablePos]) {
tablePos = boundaryTable[tablePos];
}
bufferPos++;
tablePos++;
if (tablePos == boundaryLength) {
return bufferPos - boundaryLength;
}
}
return -1;
}
/**
* Thrown to indicate that the input stream fails to follow the
* required syntax.
*/
public static class MalformedStreamException extends IOException {
/**
* The UID to use when serializing this instance.
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 6466926458059796677L;
/**
* Constructs a MalformedStreamException with no
* detail message.
*/
public MalformedStreamException() {
super();
}
/**
* Constructs an MalformedStreamException with
* the specified detail message.
*
* @param message The detail message.
*/
public MalformedStreamException(String message) {
super(message);
}
}
/**
* Thrown upon attempt of setting an invalid boundary token.
*/
public static class IllegalBoundaryException extends IOException {
/**
* The UID to use when serializing this instance.
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = -161533165102632918L;
/**
* Constructs an IllegalBoundaryException with no
* detail message.
*/
public IllegalBoundaryException() {
super();
}
/**
* Constructs an IllegalBoundaryException with
* the specified detail message.
*
* @param message The detail message.
*/
public IllegalBoundaryException(String message) {
super(message);
}
}
/**
* An {@link InputStream} for reading an items contents.
*/
public class ItemInputStream extends InputStream implements Closeable {
/**
* The number of bytes, which have been read so far.
*/
private long total;
/**
* The number of bytes, which must be hold, because
* they might be a part of the boundary.
*/
private int pad;
/**
* The current offset in the buffer.
*/
private int pos;
/**
* Whether the stream is already closed.
*/
private boolean closed;
/**
* Creates a new instance.
*/
ItemInputStream() {
findSeparator();
}
/**
* Called for finding the separator.
*/
private void findSeparator() {
pos = MultipartStream.this.findSeparator();
if (pos == -1) {
if (tail - head > keepRegion) {
pad = keepRegion;
} else {
pad = tail - head;
}
}
}
/**
* Returns the number of bytes, which have been read
* by the stream.
*
* @return Number of bytes, which have been read so far.
*/
public long getBytesRead() {
return total;
}
/**
* Returns the number of bytes, which are currently
* available, without blocking.
*
* @throws IOException An I/O error occurs.
* @return Number of bytes in the buffer.
*/
@Override
public int available() throws IOException {
if (pos == -1) {
return tail - head - pad;
}
return pos - head;
}
/**
* Offset when converting negative bytes to integers.
*/
private static final int BYTE_POSITIVE_OFFSET = 256;
/**
* Returns the next byte in the stream.
*
* @return The next byte in the stream, as a non-negative
* integer, or -1 for EOF.
* @throws IOException An I/O error occurred.
*/
@Override
public int read() throws IOException {
if (closed) {
throw new FileItemStream.ItemSkippedException();
}
if (available() == 0 && makeAvailable() == 0) {
return -1;
}
++total;
int b = buffer[head++];
if (b >= 0) {
return b;
}
return b + BYTE_POSITIVE_OFFSET;
}
/**
* Reads bytes into the given buffer.
*
* @param b The destination buffer, where to write to.
* @param off Offset of the first byte in the buffer.
* @param len Maximum number of bytes to read.
* @return Number of bytes, which have been actually read,
* or -1 for EOF.
* @throws IOException An I/O error occurred.
*/
@Override
public int read(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
if (closed) {
throw new FileItemStream.ItemSkippedException();
}
if (len == 0) {
return 0;
}
int res = available();
if (res == 0) {
res = makeAvailable();
if (res == 0) {
return -1;
}
}
res = Math.min(res, len);
System.arraycopy(buffer, head, b, off, res);
head += res;
total += res;
return res;
}
/**
* Closes the input stream.
*
* @throws IOException An I/O error occurred.
*/
@Override
public void close() throws IOException {
close(false);
}
/**
* Closes the input stream.
*
* @param pCloseUnderlying Whether to close the underlying stream
* (hard close)
* @throws IOException An I/O error occurred.
*/
public void close(boolean pCloseUnderlying) throws IOException {
if (closed) {
return;
}
if (pCloseUnderlying) {
closed = true;
input.close();
} else {
for (;;) {
int av = available();
if (av == 0) {
av = makeAvailable();
if (av == 0) {
break;
}
}
skip(av);
}
}
closed = true;
}
/**
* Skips the given number of bytes.
*
* @param bytes Number of bytes to skip.
* @return The number of bytes, which have actually been
* skipped.
* @throws IOException An I/O error occurred.
*/
@Override
public long skip(long bytes) throws IOException {
if (closed) {
throw new FileItemStream.ItemSkippedException();
}
int av = available();
if (av == 0) {
av = makeAvailable();
if (av == 0) {
return 0;
}
}
long res = Math.min(av, bytes);
head += res;
return res;
}
/**
* Attempts to read more data.
*
* @return Number of available bytes
* @throws IOException An I/O error occurred.
*/
private int makeAvailable() throws IOException {
if (pos != -1) {
return 0;
}
// Move the data to the beginning of the buffer.
total += tail - head - pad;
System.arraycopy(buffer, tail - pad, buffer, 0, pad);
// Refill buffer with new data.
head = 0;
tail = pad;
for (;;) {
int bytesRead = input.read(buffer, tail, bufSize - tail);
if (bytesRead == -1) {
// The last pad amount is left in the buffer.
// Boundary can't be in there so signal an error
// condition.
final String msg = "Stream ended unexpectedly";
throw new MalformedStreamException(msg);
}
if (notifier != null) {
notifier.noteBytesRead(bytesRead);
}
tail += bytesRead;
findSeparator();
int av = available();
if (av > 0 || pos != -1) {
return av;
}
}
}
/**
* Returns, whether the stream is closed.
*
* @return True, if the stream is closed, otherwise false.
*/
@Override
public boolean isClosed() {
return closed;
}
}
}