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/*
* Copyright (C) 2012 The Guava Authors
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except
* in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License
* is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express
* or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under
* the License.
*/
package com.google.common.reflect;
import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
import com.google.errorprone.annotations.CanIgnoreReturnValue;
import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
import java.lang.reflect.AccessibleObject;
import java.lang.reflect.AnnotatedElement;
import java.lang.reflect.AnnotatedType;
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Member;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
import java.lang.reflect.Type;
import java.lang.reflect.TypeVariable;
import java.util.Arrays;
import javax.annotation.CheckForNull;
import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.Nullable;
/**
* Wrapper around either a {@link Method} or a {@link Constructor}. Convenience API is provided to
* make common reflective operation easier to deal with, such as {@link #isPublic}, {@link
* #getParameters} etc.
*
* In addition to convenience methods, {@link TypeToken#method} and {@link TypeToken#constructor}
* will resolve the type parameters of the method or constructor in the context of the owner type,
* which may be a subtype of the declaring class. For example:
*
*
{@code
* Method getMethod = List.class.getMethod("get", int.class);
* Invokable, ?> invokable = new TypeToken>() {}.method(getMethod);
* assertEquals(TypeToken.of(String.class), invokable.getReturnType()); // Not Object.class!
* assertEquals(new TypeToken>() {}, invokable.getOwnerType());
* }
*
* Note: earlier versions of this class inherited from {@link
* java.lang.reflect.AccessibleObject AccessibleObject} and {@link
* java.lang.reflect.GenericDeclaration GenericDeclaration}. Since version 31.0 that is no longer
* the case. However, most methods from those types are present with the same signature in this
* class.
*
* @param the type that owns this method or constructor.
* @param the return type of (or supertype thereof) the method or the declaring type of the
* constructor.
* @author Ben Yu
* @since 14.0 (no longer implements {@link AccessibleObject} or {@code GenericDeclaration} since
* 31.0)
*/
@ElementTypesAreNonnullByDefault
public abstract class Invokable implements AnnotatedElement, Member {
private final AccessibleObject accessibleObject;
private final Member member;
Invokable(M member) {
checkNotNull(member);
this.accessibleObject = member;
this.member = member;
}
/** Returns {@link Invokable} of {@code method}. */
public static Invokable from(Method method) {
return new MethodInvokable<>(method);
}
/** Returns {@link Invokable} of {@code constructor}. */
public static Invokable from(Constructor constructor) {
return new ConstructorInvokable(constructor);
}
@Override
public final boolean isAnnotationPresent(Class annotationClass) {
return accessibleObject.isAnnotationPresent(annotationClass);
}
@Override
@CheckForNull
public final A getAnnotation(Class annotationClass) {
return accessibleObject.getAnnotation(annotationClass);
}
@Override
public final Annotation[] getAnnotations() {
return accessibleObject.getAnnotations();
}
@Override
public final Annotation[] getDeclaredAnnotations() {
return accessibleObject.getDeclaredAnnotations();
}
// We ought to be able to implement GenericDeclaration instead its parent AnnotatedElement.
// That would give us this method declaration. But for some reason, implementing
// GenericDeclaration leads to weird errors in Android tests:
// IncompatibleClassChangeError: interface not implemented
/** See {@link java.lang.reflect.GenericDeclaration#getTypeParameters()}. */
public abstract TypeVariable[] getTypeParameters();
/** See {@link java.lang.reflect.AccessibleObject#setAccessible(boolean)}. */
public final void setAccessible(boolean flag) {
accessibleObject.setAccessible(flag);
}
/** See {@link java.lang.reflect.AccessibleObject#trySetAccessible()}. */
@SuppressWarnings("CatchingUnchecked") // sneaky checked exception
public final boolean trySetAccessible() {
// We can't call accessibleObject.trySetAccessible since that was added in Java 9 and this code
// should work on Java 8. So we emulate it this way.
try {
accessibleObject.setAccessible(true);
return true;
} catch (Exception e) { // sneaky checked exception
return false;
}
}
/** See {@link java.lang.reflect.AccessibleObject#isAccessible()}. */
public final boolean isAccessible() {
return accessibleObject.isAccessible();
}
@Override
public final String getName() {
return member.getName();
}
@Override
public final int getModifiers() {
return member.getModifiers();
}
@Override
public final boolean isSynthetic() {
return member.isSynthetic();
}
/** Returns true if the element is public. */
public final boolean isPublic() {
return Modifier.isPublic(getModifiers());
}
/** Returns true if the element is protected. */
public final boolean isProtected() {
return Modifier.isProtected(getModifiers());
}
/** Returns true if the element is package-private. */
public final boolean isPackagePrivate() {
return !isPrivate() && !isPublic() && !isProtected();
}
/** Returns true if the element is private. */
public final boolean isPrivate() {
return Modifier.isPrivate(getModifiers());
}
/** Returns true if the element is static. */
public final boolean isStatic() {
return Modifier.isStatic(getModifiers());
}
/**
* Returns {@code true} if this method is final, per {@code Modifier.isFinal(getModifiers())}.
*
* Note that a method may still be effectively "final", or non-overridable when it has no
* {@code final} keyword. For example, it could be private, or it could be declared by a final
* class. To tell whether a method is overridable, use {@link Invokable#isOverridable}.
*/
public final boolean isFinal() {
return Modifier.isFinal(getModifiers());
}
/** Returns true if the method is abstract. */
public final boolean isAbstract() {
return Modifier.isAbstract(getModifiers());
}
/** Returns true if the element is native. */
public final boolean isNative() {
return Modifier.isNative(getModifiers());
}
/** Returns true if the method is synchronized. */
public final boolean isSynchronized() {
return Modifier.isSynchronized(getModifiers());
}
/** Returns true if the field is volatile. */
final boolean isVolatile() {
return Modifier.isVolatile(getModifiers());
}
/** Returns true if the field is transient. */
final boolean isTransient() {
return Modifier.isTransient(getModifiers());
}
@Override
public boolean equals(@CheckForNull Object obj) {
if (obj instanceof Invokable) {
Invokable that = (Invokable) obj;
return getOwnerType().equals(that.getOwnerType()) && member.equals(that.member);
}
return false;
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
return member.hashCode();
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return member.toString();
}
/**
* Returns {@code true} if this is an overridable method. Constructors, private, static or final
* methods, or methods declared by final classes are not overridable.
*/
public abstract boolean isOverridable();
/** Returns {@code true} if this was declared to take a variable number of arguments. */
public abstract boolean isVarArgs();
/**
* Invokes with {@code receiver} as 'this' and {@code args} passed to the underlying method and
* returns the return value; or calls the underlying constructor with {@code args} and returns the
* constructed instance.
*
* @throws IllegalAccessException if this {@code Constructor} object enforces Java language access
* control and the underlying method or constructor is inaccessible.
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the number of actual and formal parameters differ; if an
* unwrapping conversion for primitive arguments fails; or if, after possible unwrapping, a
* parameter value cannot be converted to the corresponding formal parameter type by a method
* invocation conversion.
* @throws InvocationTargetException if the underlying method or constructor throws an exception.
*/
// All subclasses are owned by us and we'll make sure to get the R type right, including nullness.
@SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "nullness"})
@CanIgnoreReturnValue
@CheckForNull
public final R invoke(@CheckForNull T receiver, @Nullable Object... args)
throws InvocationTargetException, IllegalAccessException {
return (R) invokeInternal(receiver, checkNotNull(args));
}
/** Returns the return type of this {@code Invokable}. */
// All subclasses are owned by us and we'll make sure to get the R type right.
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public final TypeToken getReturnType() {
return (TypeToken) TypeToken.of(getGenericReturnType());
}
/**
* Returns all declared parameters of this {@code Invokable}. Note that if this is a constructor
* of a non-static inner class, unlike {@link Constructor#getParameterTypes}, the hidden {@code
* this} parameter of the enclosing class is excluded from the returned parameters.
*/
@IgnoreJRERequirement
public final ImmutableList getParameters() {
Type[] parameterTypes = getGenericParameterTypes();
Annotation[][] annotations = getParameterAnnotations();
@Nullable Object[] annotatedTypes =
ANNOTATED_TYPE_EXISTS ? getAnnotatedParameterTypes() : new Object[parameterTypes.length];
ImmutableList.Builder builder = ImmutableList.builder();
for (int i = 0; i < parameterTypes.length; i++) {
builder.add(
new Parameter(
this, i, TypeToken.of(parameterTypes[i]), annotations[i], annotatedTypes[i]));
}
return builder.build();
}
/** Returns all declared exception types of this {@code Invokable}. */
public final ImmutableList> getExceptionTypes() {
ImmutableList.Builder> builder = ImmutableList.builder();
for (Type type : getGenericExceptionTypes()) {
// getGenericExceptionTypes() will never return a type that's not exception
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
TypeToken exceptionType =
(TypeToken) TypeToken.of(type);
builder.add(exceptionType);
}
return builder.build();
}
/**
* Explicitly specifies the return type of this {@code Invokable}. For example:
*
* {@code
* Method factoryMethod = Person.class.getMethod("create");
* Invokable factory = Invokable.of(getNameMethod).returning(Person.class);
* }
*/
public final Invokable returning(Class returnType) {
return returning(TypeToken.of(returnType));
}
/** Explicitly specifies the return type of this {@code Invokable}. */
public final Invokable returning(TypeToken returnType) {
if (!returnType.isSupertypeOf(getReturnType())) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"Invokable is known to return " + getReturnType() + ", not " + returnType);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked") // guarded by previous check
Invokable specialized = (Invokable) this;
return specialized;
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked") // The declaring class is T's raw class, or one of its supertypes.
@Override
public final Class getDeclaringClass() {
return (Class) member.getDeclaringClass();
}
/** Returns the type of {@code T}. */
// Overridden in TypeToken#method() and TypeToken#constructor()
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked") // The declaring class is T.
public TypeToken getOwnerType() {
return (TypeToken) TypeToken.of(getDeclaringClass());
}
@CheckForNull
abstract Object invokeInternal(@CheckForNull Object receiver, @Nullable Object[] args)
throws InvocationTargetException, IllegalAccessException;
abstract Type[] getGenericParameterTypes();
@SuppressWarnings("Java7ApiChecker")
abstract AnnotatedType[] getAnnotatedParameterTypes();
/** This should never return a type that's not a subtype of Throwable. */
abstract Type[] getGenericExceptionTypes();
abstract Annotation[][] getParameterAnnotations();
abstract Type getGenericReturnType();
/**
* Returns the {@link AnnotatedType} for the return type.
*
* @since 14.0
*/
@SuppressWarnings("Java7ApiChecker")
public abstract AnnotatedType getAnnotatedReturnType();
static class MethodInvokable extends Invokable {
final Method method;
MethodInvokable(Method method) {
super(method);
this.method = method;
}
@Override
@CheckForNull
final Object invokeInternal(@CheckForNull Object receiver, @Nullable Object[] args)
throws InvocationTargetException, IllegalAccessException {
return method.invoke(receiver, args);
}
@Override
Type getGenericReturnType() {
return method.getGenericReturnType();
}
@Override
Type[] getGenericParameterTypes() {
return method.getGenericParameterTypes();
}
@Override
@SuppressWarnings("Java7ApiChecker")
AnnotatedType[] getAnnotatedParameterTypes() {
return method.getAnnotatedParameterTypes();
}
@Override
@SuppressWarnings("Java7ApiChecker")
public AnnotatedType getAnnotatedReturnType() {
return method.getAnnotatedReturnType();
}
@Override
Type[] getGenericExceptionTypes() {
return method.getGenericExceptionTypes();
}
@Override
final Annotation[][] getParameterAnnotations() {
return method.getParameterAnnotations();
}
@Override
public final TypeVariable[] getTypeParameters() {
return method.getTypeParameters();
}
@Override
public final boolean isOverridable() {
return !(isFinal()
|| isPrivate()
|| isStatic()
|| Modifier.isFinal(getDeclaringClass().getModifiers()));
}
@Override
public final boolean isVarArgs() {
return method.isVarArgs();
}
}
static class ConstructorInvokable extends Invokable {
final Constructor constructor;
ConstructorInvokable(Constructor constructor) {
super(constructor);
this.constructor = constructor;
}
@Override
final Object invokeInternal(@CheckForNull Object receiver, @Nullable Object[] args)
throws InvocationTargetException, IllegalAccessException {
try {
return constructor.newInstance(args);
} catch (InstantiationException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(constructor + " failed.", e);
}
}
/**
* If the class is parameterized, such as {@link java.util.ArrayList ArrayList}, this returns
* {@code ArrayList}.
*/
@Override
Type getGenericReturnType() {
Class declaringClass = getDeclaringClass();
TypeVariable[] typeParams = declaringClass.getTypeParameters();
if (typeParams.length > 0) {
return Types.newParameterizedType(declaringClass, typeParams);
} else {
return declaringClass;
}
}
@Override
Type[] getGenericParameterTypes() {
Type[] types = constructor.getGenericParameterTypes();
if (types.length > 0 && mayNeedHiddenThis()) {
Class[] rawParamTypes = constructor.getParameterTypes();
if (types.length == rawParamTypes.length
&& rawParamTypes[0] == getDeclaringClass().getEnclosingClass()) {
// first parameter is the hidden 'this'
return Arrays.copyOfRange(types, 1, types.length);
}
}
return types;
}
@Override
@SuppressWarnings("Java7ApiChecker")
AnnotatedType[] getAnnotatedParameterTypes() {
return constructor.getAnnotatedParameterTypes();
}
@Override
@SuppressWarnings("Java7ApiChecker")
public AnnotatedType getAnnotatedReturnType() {
return constructor.getAnnotatedReturnType();
}
@Override
Type[] getGenericExceptionTypes() {
return constructor.getGenericExceptionTypes();
}
@Override
final Annotation[][] getParameterAnnotations() {
return constructor.getParameterAnnotations();
}
/**
* {@inheritDoc}
*
* {@code []} will be returned for ArrayList's constructor. When both the class and the
* constructor have type parameters, the class parameters are prepended before those of the
* constructor's. This is an arbitrary rule since no existing language spec mandates one way or
* the other. From the declaration syntax, the class type parameter appears first, but the call
* syntax may show up in opposite order such as {@code new Foo()}.
*/
@Override
public final TypeVariable[] getTypeParameters() {
TypeVariable[] declaredByClass = getDeclaringClass().getTypeParameters();
TypeVariable[] declaredByConstructor = constructor.getTypeParameters();
TypeVariable[] result =
new TypeVariable[declaredByClass.length + declaredByConstructor.length];
System.arraycopy(declaredByClass, 0, result, 0, declaredByClass.length);
System.arraycopy(
declaredByConstructor, 0, result, declaredByClass.length, declaredByConstructor.length);
return result;
}
@Override
public final boolean isOverridable() {
return false;
}
@Override
public final boolean isVarArgs() {
return constructor.isVarArgs();
}
private boolean mayNeedHiddenThis() {
Class declaringClass = constructor.getDeclaringClass();
if (declaringClass.getEnclosingConstructor() != null) {
// Enclosed in a constructor, needs hidden this
return true;
}
Method enclosingMethod = declaringClass.getEnclosingMethod();
if (enclosingMethod != null) {
// Enclosed in a method, if it's not static, must need hidden this.
return !Modifier.isStatic(enclosingMethod.getModifiers());
} else {
// Strictly, this doesn't necessarily indicate a hidden 'this' in the case of
// static initializer. But there seems no way to tell in that case. :(
// This may cause issues when an anonymous class is created inside a static initializer,
// and the class's constructor's first parameter happens to be the enclosing class.
// In such case, we may mistakenly think that the class is within a non-static context
// and the first parameter is the hidden 'this'.
return declaringClass.getEnclosingClass() != null
&& !Modifier.isStatic(declaringClass.getModifiers());
}
}
}
private static final boolean ANNOTATED_TYPE_EXISTS = initAnnotatedTypeExists();
private static boolean initAnnotatedTypeExists() {
try {
Class.forName("java.lang.reflect.AnnotatedType");
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
return false;
}
return true;
}
}