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/* This file is part of the OWL API.
* The contents of this file are subject to the LGPL License, Version 3.0.
* Copyright 2014, The University of Manchester
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program. If not, see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/.
*
* Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the terms of the Apache License, Version 2.0 in which case, the provisions of the Apache License Version 2.0 are applicable instead of those above.
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License. */
package org.semanticweb.owlapi.util;
import static org.semanticweb.owlapi.util.OWLAPIPreconditions.checkNotNull;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.annotation.Nonnull;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.IRI;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLAnnotationAssertionAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLAnnotationPropertyDomainAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLAnnotationPropertyRangeAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLAsymmetricObjectPropertyAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLAxiomVisitorEx;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLClass;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLClassAssertionAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLClassExpression;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLClassExpressionVisitorEx;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLDataAllValuesFrom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLDataExactCardinality;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLDataFactory;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLDataHasValue;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLDataMaxCardinality;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLDataMinCardinality;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLDataPropertyAssertionAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLDataPropertyDomainAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLDataPropertyExpression;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLDataPropertyRangeAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLDataSomeValuesFrom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLDatatypeDefinitionAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLDeclarationAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLDifferentIndividualsAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLDisjointClassesAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLDisjointDataPropertiesAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLDisjointObjectPropertiesAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLDisjointUnionAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLEntity;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLEquivalentClassesAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLEquivalentDataPropertiesAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLEquivalentObjectPropertiesAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLFunctionalDataPropertyAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLFunctionalObjectPropertyAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLHasKeyAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLIndividual;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLInverseFunctionalObjectPropertyAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLInverseObjectPropertiesAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLIrreflexiveObjectPropertyAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLNegativeDataPropertyAssertionAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLNegativeObjectPropertyAssertionAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLObjectAllValuesFrom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLObjectComplementOf;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLObjectExactCardinality;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLObjectHasSelf;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLObjectHasValue;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLObjectIntersectionOf;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLObjectMaxCardinality;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLObjectMinCardinality;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLObjectOneOf;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLObjectPropertyAssertionAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLObjectPropertyDomainAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLObjectPropertyExpression;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLObjectPropertyRangeAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLObjectSomeValuesFrom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLObjectUnionOf;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLReflexiveObjectPropertyAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLSameIndividualAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLSubAnnotationPropertyOfAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLSubClassOfAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLSubDataPropertyOfAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLSubObjectPropertyOfAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLSubPropertyChainOfAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLSymmetricObjectPropertyAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLTransitiveObjectPropertyAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.SWRLRule;
/**
* @author Matthew Horridge, The University Of Manchester, Information Management Group
* @since 2.2.0
*/
public class StructuralTransformation implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 40000L;
@Nonnull
protected final OWLDataFactory df;
private int nameCounter = 0;
protected final Set signature = new HashSet<>();
/**
* @param dataFactory factory to use
*/
public StructuralTransformation(@Nonnull OWLDataFactory dataFactory) {
df = checkNotNull(dataFactory, "dataFactory cannot be null");
}
@Nonnull
protected OWLClass createNewName() {
OWLClass cls =
df.getOWLClass(IRI.create("http://www.semanticweb.org/ontology#", "X" + nameCounter));
nameCounter++;
return cls;
}
/**
* @param axioms axioms to transform
* @return transformed axioms
*/
public Set getTransformedAxioms(@Nonnull Set axioms) {
checkNotNull(axioms, "axioms cannot be null");
signature.clear();
for (OWLAxiom ax : axioms) {
signature.addAll(ax.getSignature());
}
AxiomRewriter rewriter = new AxiomRewriter();
Set transformedAxioms = new HashSet<>();
for (OWLAxiom ax : axioms) {
for (OWLAxiom transAx : ax.accept(rewriter)) {
if (transAx instanceof OWLSubClassOfAxiom) {
AxiomFlattener flattener =
new AxiomFlattener(df, ((OWLSubClassOfAxiom) transAx).getSuperClass());
Set flattenedAxioms = flattener.getAxioms();
if (!flattenedAxioms.isEmpty()) {
transformedAxioms.addAll(flattenedAxioms);
} else {
transformedAxioms.add(transAx);
}
} else {
transformedAxioms.add(transAx);
}
}
}
return transformedAxioms;
}
private class AxiomFlattener implements OWLClassExpressionVisitorEx {
private final OWLDataFactory ldf;
private final Set axioms = new HashSet<>();
private final OWLClassExpression rhs;
AxiomFlattener(OWLDataFactory df, OWLClassExpression rhs) {
ldf = df;
this.rhs = rhs;
}
private OWLSubClassOfAxiom getSCA(@Nonnull OWLClass lhs, @Nonnull OWLClassExpression ce) {
return ldf.getOWLSubClassOfAxiom(lhs, ce);
}
public Set getAxioms() {
axioms.clear();
OWLClass lhs = ldf.getOWLThing();
axioms.add(getSCA(lhs, rhs.accept(this)));
return axioms;
}
@Override
public OWLClassExpression visit(OWLClass ce) {
return ce;
}
@Override
public OWLClassExpression visit(OWLDataAllValuesFrom ce) {
return ce;
}
@Override
public OWLClassExpression visit(OWLDataExactCardinality ce) {
return ce;
}
@Override
public OWLClassExpression visit(OWLDataMaxCardinality ce) {
return ce;
}
@Override
public OWLClassExpression visit(OWLDataMinCardinality ce) {
return ce;
}
@Override
public OWLClassExpression visit(OWLDataSomeValuesFrom ce) {
return ce;
}
@Override
public OWLClassExpression visit(OWLDataHasValue ce) {
return ce;
}
@Override
public OWLClassExpression visit(OWLObjectAllValuesFrom ce) {
if (signature.containsAll(ce.getFiller().getSignature())) {
OWLClass name = createNewName();
axioms.add(getSCA(name, ce.getFiller().accept(this)));
return ldf.getOWLObjectAllValuesFrom(ce.getProperty(), name);
} else {
return ce;
}
}
@Override
public OWLClassExpression visit(OWLObjectComplementOf ce) {
// Should be a literal
if (ce.getOperand().isAnonymous()) {
throw new IllegalStateException(
"Negation of arbitrary class expressions not allowed");
}
return ce;
}
@Override
public OWLClassExpression visit(OWLObjectExactCardinality ce) {
if (signature.containsAll(ce.getFiller().getSignature())) {
OWLClass name = createNewName();
axioms.add(getSCA(name, ce.getFiller().accept(this)));
return ldf.getOWLObjectExactCardinality(ce.getCardinality(), ce.getProperty(),
name);
} else {
return ce;
}
}
@Override
public OWLClassExpression visit(OWLObjectIntersectionOf ce) {
OWLClass name = createNewName();
for (OWLClassExpression op : ce.getOperands()) {
axioms.add(getSCA(name, op.accept(this)));
}
return name;
}
@Override
public OWLClassExpression visit(OWLObjectMaxCardinality ce) {
if (signature.containsAll(ce.getFiller().getSignature())) {
OWLClass name = createNewName();
axioms.add(getSCA(name, ce.getFiller().accept(this)));
return ldf.getOWLObjectMaxCardinality(ce.getCardinality(), ce.getProperty(), name);
} else {
return ce;
}
}
@Override
public OWLClassExpression visit(OWLObjectMinCardinality ce) {
if (signature.containsAll(ce.getFiller().getSignature())) {
OWLClass name = createNewName();
axioms.add(getSCA(name, ce.getFiller().accept(this)));
return ldf.getOWLObjectMinCardinality(ce.getCardinality(), ce.getProperty(), name);
} else {
return ce;
}
}
@Override
public OWLClassExpression visit(OWLObjectOneOf ce) {
if (ce.getIndividuals().size() > 1) {
throw new IllegalStateException("ObjectOneOf with more than one individual!");
}
return ce;
}
@Override
public OWLClassExpression visit(OWLObjectHasSelf ce) {
return ce;
}
@Override
public OWLClassExpression visit(OWLObjectSomeValuesFrom ce) {
if (ce.getFiller().isAnonymous()) {
OWLClass name = createNewName();
axioms.add(getSCA(name, ce.getFiller().accept(this)));
return ldf.getOWLObjectSomeValuesFrom(ce.getProperty(), name);
} else {
return ce;
}
}
@Override
public OWLClassExpression visit(OWLObjectUnionOf ce) {
Set descs = new HashSet<>();
for (OWLClassExpression op : ce.getOperands()) {
OWLClassExpression flatOp = op.accept(this);
if (flatOp.isAnonymous() || signature.contains(flatOp.asOWLClass())) {
OWLClass name = createNewName();
descs.add(name);
axioms.add(ldf.getOWLSubClassOfAxiom(name, flatOp));
} else {
descs.add(flatOp);
}
}
return ldf.getOWLObjectUnionOf(descs);
}
@Override
public OWLClassExpression visit(OWLObjectHasValue ce) {
return ce;
}
}
/**
* Rewrites axioms into GCIs.
* For example: SubClassOf(A, C) becomes SubClassOf(TOP, not(A) or C)
*/
private class AxiomRewriter implements OWLAxiomVisitorEx> {
AxiomRewriter() {}
@Nonnull
private Set subClassOf(@Nonnull OWLClassExpression sub,
@Nonnull OWLClassExpression sup) {
return toSet(df.getOWLSubClassOfAxiom(df.getOWLThing(),
df.getOWLObjectUnionOf(df.getOWLObjectComplementOf(sub), sup).getNNF()));
}
@Nonnull
private Set toSet(@Nonnull OWLAxiom ax) {
return CollectionFactory.createSet(ax);
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLAsymmetricObjectPropertyAxiom axiom) {
return toSet(axiom);
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLClassAssertionAxiom axiom) {
return subClassOf(df.getOWLObjectOneOf(axiom.getIndividual()),
axiom.getClassExpression());
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLDataPropertyAssertionAxiom axiom) {
return toSet(axiom);
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLDataPropertyDomainAxiom axiom) {
return subClassOf(df.getOWLDataSomeValuesFrom(axiom.getProperty(), df.getTopDatatype()),
axiom.getDomain());
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLDataPropertyRangeAxiom axiom) {
return toSet(df.getOWLSubClassOfAxiom(df.getOWLThing(),
df.getOWLDataAllValuesFrom(axiom.getProperty(), axiom.getRange())));
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLSubDataPropertyOfAxiom axiom) {
return toSet(axiom);
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLDeclarationAxiom axiom) {
return toSet(axiom);
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLDifferentIndividualsAxiom axiom) {
// Explode into pairwise nominals?
Set axioms = new HashSet<>();
List individuals = new ArrayList<>(axiom.getIndividuals());
for (int i = 0; i < individuals.size(); i++) {
for (int j = i + 1; j < individuals.size(); j++) {
axioms.addAll(subClassOf(df.getOWLObjectOneOf(individuals.get(i)),
df.getOWLObjectOneOf(individuals.get(j))));
}
}
return axioms;
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLDisjointClassesAxiom axiom) {
// Explode
return new HashSet<>(axiom.asOWLSubClassOfAxioms());
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLDisjointDataPropertiesAxiom axiom) {
// Explode
Set axioms = new HashSet<>();
List props = new ArrayList<>(axiom.getProperties());
for (int i = 0; i < props.size(); i++) {
for (int j = i + 1; j < props.size(); j++) {
axioms.add(df.getOWLDisjointDataPropertiesAxiom(props.get(i), props.get(j)));
}
}
return axioms;
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLDisjointObjectPropertiesAxiom axiom) {
Set axioms = new HashSet<>();
List props = new ArrayList<>(axiom.getProperties());
for (int i = 0; i < props.size(); i++) {
for (int j = i + 1; j < props.size(); j++) {
axioms.add(df.getOWLDisjointObjectPropertiesAxiom(props.get(i), props.get(j)));
}
}
return axioms;
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLDisjointUnionAxiom axiom) {
Set axioms = new HashSet<>();
axioms.addAll(df.getOWLEquivalentClassesAxiom(axiom.getOWLClass(),
df.getOWLObjectUnionOf(axiom.getClassExpressions())).accept(this));
axioms.addAll(df.getOWLDisjointClassesAxiom(axiom.getClassExpressions()).accept(this));
return axioms;
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLAnnotationAssertionAxiom axiom) {
return toSet(axiom);
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLEquivalentClassesAxiom axiom) {
return new HashSet<>(axiom.asOWLSubClassOfAxioms());
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLEquivalentDataPropertiesAxiom axiom) {
Set axioms = new HashSet<>();
List props = new ArrayList<>(axiom.getProperties());
for (int i = 0; i < props.size(); i++) {
for (int j = i + 1; j < props.size(); j++) {
axioms.add(df.getOWLEquivalentDataPropertiesAxiom(props.get(i), props.get(j)));
axioms.add(df.getOWLEquivalentDataPropertiesAxiom(props.get(j), props.get(i)));
}
}
return axioms;
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLEquivalentObjectPropertiesAxiom axiom) {
Set axioms = new HashSet<>();
List props = new ArrayList<>(axiom.getProperties());
for (int i = 0; i < props.size(); i++) {
for (int j = i + 1; j < props.size(); j++) {
axioms
.add(df.getOWLEquivalentObjectPropertiesAxiom(props.get(i), props.get(j)));
axioms
.add(df.getOWLEquivalentObjectPropertiesAxiom(props.get(j), props.get(i)));
}
}
return axioms;
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLFunctionalDataPropertyAxiom axiom) {
return toSet(df.getOWLSubClassOfAxiom(df.getOWLThing(),
df.getOWLDataMaxCardinality(1, axiom.getProperty())));
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLFunctionalObjectPropertyAxiom axiom) {
return toSet(df.getOWLSubClassOfAxiom(df.getOWLThing(),
df.getOWLObjectMaxCardinality(1, axiom.getProperty())));
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLInverseFunctionalObjectPropertyAxiom axiom) {
return toSet(df.getOWLSubClassOfAxiom(df.getOWLThing(),
df.getOWLObjectMaxCardinality(1, axiom.getProperty().getInverseProperty())));
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLInverseObjectPropertiesAxiom axiom) {
Set axioms = new HashSet<>();
axioms.add(df.getOWLSubObjectPropertyOfAxiom(axiom.getFirstProperty(),
axiom.getSecondProperty().getInverseProperty()));
axioms.add(df.getOWLSubObjectPropertyOfAxiom(axiom.getSecondProperty(),
axiom.getFirstProperty().getInverseProperty()));
return axioms;
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLIrreflexiveObjectPropertyAxiom axiom) {
return toSet(axiom);
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLNegativeDataPropertyAssertionAxiom axiom) {
return subClassOf(df.getOWLObjectOneOf(axiom.getSubject()),
df.getOWLDataAllValuesFrom(axiom.getProperty(),
df.getOWLDataComplementOf(df.getOWLDataOneOf(axiom.getObject()))));
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLNegativeObjectPropertyAssertionAxiom axiom) {
return subClassOf(df.getOWLObjectOneOf(axiom.getSubject()),
df.getOWLObjectAllValuesFrom(axiom.getProperty(),
df.getOWLObjectComplementOf(df.getOWLObjectOneOf(axiom.getObject()))));
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLObjectPropertyAssertionAxiom axiom) {
return toSet(axiom);
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLSubPropertyChainOfAxiom axiom) {
return toSet(axiom);
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLObjectPropertyDomainAxiom axiom) {
return subClassOf(df.getOWLObjectSomeValuesFrom(axiom.getProperty(), df.getOWLThing()),
axiom.getDomain());
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLObjectPropertyRangeAxiom axiom) {
return toSet(df.getOWLSubClassOfAxiom(df.getOWLThing(),
df.getOWLObjectAllValuesFrom(axiom.getProperty(), axiom.getRange())));
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLSubObjectPropertyOfAxiom axiom) {
return toSet(axiom);
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLReflexiveObjectPropertyAxiom axiom) {
return toSet(axiom);
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLSameIndividualAxiom axiom) {
return CollectionFactory.emptySet();
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLSubClassOfAxiom axiom) {
return subClassOf(axiom.getSubClass(), axiom.getSuperClass());
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLSymmetricObjectPropertyAxiom axiom) {
return toSet(axiom);
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLTransitiveObjectPropertyAxiom axiom) {
return toSet(axiom);
}
@Override
public Set visit(SWRLRule rule) {
return toSet(rule);
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLHasKeyAxiom axiom) {
return toSet(axiom);
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLAnnotationPropertyDomainAxiom axiom) {
return toSet(axiom);
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLAnnotationPropertyRangeAxiom axiom) {
return toSet(axiom);
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLSubAnnotationPropertyOfAxiom axiom) {
return toSet(axiom);
}
@Override
public Set visit(OWLDatatypeDefinitionAxiom axiom) {
return toSet(axiom);
}
}
}
