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Apache HttpComponents Client
/*
* ====================================================================
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
* or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
* distributed with this work for additional information
* regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
* to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
* "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
* with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
* software distributed under the License is distributed on an
* "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
* KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
* specific language governing permissions and limitations
* under the License.
* ====================================================================
*
* This software consists of voluntary contributions made by many
* individuals on behalf of the Apache Software Foundation. For more
* information on the Apache Software Foundation, please see
*
* Since the digest username is included as clear text in the generated
* Authentication header, the charset of the username must be compatible
* with the HTTP element charset used by the connection.
*
*
* @since 4.0
*/
public class DigestScheme extends RFC2617Scheme {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 3883908186234566916L;
/**
* Hexa values used when creating 32 character long digest in HTTP DigestScheme
* in case of authentication.
*
* @see #encode(byte[])
*/
private static final char[] HEXADECIMAL = {
'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd',
'e', 'f'
};
/** Whether the digest authentication process is complete */
private boolean complete;
private static final int QOP_UNKNOWN = -1;
private static final int QOP_MISSING = 0;
private static final int QOP_AUTH_INT = 1;
private static final int QOP_AUTH = 2;
private String lastNonce;
private long nounceCount;
private String cnonce;
private String a1;
private String a2;
/**
* @since 4.3
*/
public DigestScheme(final Charset credentialsCharset) {
super(credentialsCharset);
this.complete = false;
}
/**
* Creates an instance of {@code DigestScheme} with the given challenge
* state.
*
* @since 4.2
*
* @deprecated (4.3) do not use.
*/
@Deprecated
public DigestScheme(final ChallengeState challengeState) {
super(challengeState);
}
public DigestScheme() {
this(Consts.ASCII);
}
/**
* Processes the Digest challenge.
*
* @param header the challenge header
*
* @throws MalformedChallengeException is thrown if the authentication challenge
* is malformed
*/
@Override
public void processChallenge(
final Header header) throws MalformedChallengeException {
super.processChallenge(header);
this.complete = true;
if (getParameters().isEmpty()) {
throw new MalformedChallengeException("Authentication challenge is empty");
}
}
/**
* Tests if the Digest authentication process has been completed.
*
* @return {@code true} if Digest authorization has been processed,
* {@code false} otherwise.
*/
@Override
public boolean isComplete() {
final String s = getParameter("stale");
if ("true".equalsIgnoreCase(s)) {
return false;
} else {
return this.complete;
}
}
/**
* Returns textual designation of the digest authentication scheme.
*
* @return {@code digest}
*/
@Override
public String getSchemeName() {
return "digest";
}
/**
* Returns {@code false}. Digest authentication scheme is request based.
*
* @return {@code false}.
*/
@Override
public boolean isConnectionBased() {
return false;
}
public void overrideParamter(final String name, final String value) {
getParameters().put(name, value);
}
/**
* @deprecated (4.2) Use {@link org.apache.http.auth.ContextAwareAuthScheme#authenticate(
* Credentials, HttpRequest, org.apache.http.protocol.HttpContext)}
*/
@Override
@Deprecated
public Header authenticate(
final Credentials credentials, final HttpRequest request) throws AuthenticationException {
return authenticate(credentials, request, new BasicHttpContext());
}
/**
* Produces a digest authorization string for the given set of
* {@link Credentials}, method name and URI.
*
* @param credentials A set of credentials to be used for athentication
* @param request The request being authenticated
*
* @throws org.apache.http.auth.InvalidCredentialsException if authentication credentials
* are not valid or not applicable for this authentication scheme
* @throws AuthenticationException if authorization string cannot
* be generated due to an authentication failure
*
* @return a digest authorization string
*/
@Override
public Header authenticate(
final Credentials credentials,
final HttpRequest request,
final HttpContext context) throws AuthenticationException {
Args.notNull(credentials, "Credentials");
Args.notNull(request, "HTTP request");
if (getParameter("realm") == null) {
throw new AuthenticationException("missing realm in challenge");
}
if (getParameter("nonce") == null) {
throw new AuthenticationException("missing nonce in challenge");
}
// Add method name and request-URI to the parameter map
getParameters().put("methodname", request.getRequestLine().getMethod());
getParameters().put("uri", request.getRequestLine().getUri());
final String charset = getParameter("charset");
if (charset == null) {
getParameters().put("charset", getCredentialsCharset(request));
}
return createDigestHeader(credentials, request);
}
private static MessageDigest createMessageDigest(
final String digAlg) throws UnsupportedDigestAlgorithmException {
try {
return MessageDigest.getInstance(digAlg);
} catch (final Exception e) {
throw new UnsupportedDigestAlgorithmException(
"Unsupported algorithm in HTTP Digest authentication: "
+ digAlg);
}
}
/**
* Creates digest-response header as defined in RFC2617.
*
* @param credentials User credentials
*
* @return The digest-response as String.
*/
private Header createDigestHeader(
final Credentials credentials,
final HttpRequest request) throws AuthenticationException {
final String uri = getParameter("uri");
final String realm = getParameter("realm");
final String nonce = getParameter("nonce");
final String opaque = getParameter("opaque");
final String method = getParameter("methodname");
String algorithm = getParameter("algorithm");
// If an algorithm is not specified, default to MD5.
if (algorithm == null) {
algorithm = "MD5";
}
final Set qopset = new HashSet(8);
int qop = QOP_UNKNOWN;
final String qoplist = getParameter("qop");
if (qoplist != null) {
final StringTokenizer tok = new StringTokenizer(qoplist, ",");
while (tok.hasMoreTokens()) {
final String variant = tok.nextToken().trim();
qopset.add(variant.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT));
}
if (request instanceof HttpEntityEnclosingRequest && qopset.contains("auth-int")) {
qop = QOP_AUTH_INT;
} else if (qopset.contains("auth")) {
qop = QOP_AUTH;
}
} else {
qop = QOP_MISSING;
}
if (qop == QOP_UNKNOWN) {
throw new AuthenticationException("None of the qop methods is supported: " + qoplist);
}
String charset = getParameter("charset");
if (charset == null) {
charset = "ISO-8859-1";
}
String digAlg = algorithm;
if (digAlg.equalsIgnoreCase("MD5-sess")) {
digAlg = "MD5";
}
final MessageDigest digester;
try {
digester = createMessageDigest(digAlg);
} catch (final UnsupportedDigestAlgorithmException ex) {
throw new AuthenticationException("Unsuppported digest algorithm: " + digAlg);
}
final String uname = credentials.getUserPrincipal().getName();
final String pwd = credentials.getPassword();
if (nonce.equals(this.lastNonce)) {
nounceCount++;
} else {
nounceCount = 1;
cnonce = null;
lastNonce = nonce;
}
final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(256);
final Formatter formatter = new Formatter(sb, Locale.US);
formatter.format("%08x", Long.valueOf(nounceCount));
formatter.close();
final String nc = sb.toString();
if (cnonce == null) {
cnonce = createCnonce();
}
a1 = null;
a2 = null;
// 3.2.2.2: Calculating digest
if (algorithm.equalsIgnoreCase("MD5-sess")) {
// H( unq(username-value) ":" unq(realm-value) ":" passwd )
// ":" unq(nonce-value)
// ":" unq(cnonce-value)
// calculated one per session
sb.setLength(0);
sb.append(uname).append(':').append(realm).append(':').append(pwd);
final String checksum = encode(digester.digest(EncodingUtils.getBytes(sb.toString(), charset)));
sb.setLength(0);
sb.append(checksum).append(':').append(nonce).append(':').append(cnonce);
a1 = sb.toString();
} else {
// unq(username-value) ":" unq(realm-value) ":" passwd
sb.setLength(0);
sb.append(uname).append(':').append(realm).append(':').append(pwd);
a1 = sb.toString();
}
final String hasha1 = encode(digester.digest(EncodingUtils.getBytes(a1, charset)));
if (qop == QOP_AUTH) {
// Method ":" digest-uri-value
a2 = method + ':' + uri;
} else if (qop == QOP_AUTH_INT) {
// Method ":" digest-uri-value ":" H(entity-body)
HttpEntity entity = null;
if (request instanceof HttpEntityEnclosingRequest) {
entity = ((HttpEntityEnclosingRequest) request).getEntity();
}
if (entity != null && !entity.isRepeatable()) {
// If the entity is not repeatable, try falling back onto QOP_AUTH
if (qopset.contains("auth")) {
qop = QOP_AUTH;
a2 = method + ':' + uri;
} else {
throw new AuthenticationException("Qop auth-int cannot be used with " +
"a non-repeatable entity");
}
} else {
final HttpEntityDigester entityDigester = new HttpEntityDigester(digester);
try {
if (entity != null) {
entity.writeTo(entityDigester);
}
entityDigester.close();
} catch (final IOException ex) {
throw new AuthenticationException("I/O error reading entity content", ex);
}
a2 = method + ':' + uri + ':' + encode(entityDigester.getDigest());
}
} else {
a2 = method + ':' + uri;
}
final String hasha2 = encode(digester.digest(EncodingUtils.getBytes(a2, charset)));
// 3.2.2.1
final String digestValue;
if (qop == QOP_MISSING) {
sb.setLength(0);
sb.append(hasha1).append(':').append(nonce).append(':').append(hasha2);
digestValue = sb.toString();
} else {
sb.setLength(0);
sb.append(hasha1).append(':').append(nonce).append(':').append(nc).append(':')
.append(cnonce).append(':').append(qop == QOP_AUTH_INT ? "auth-int" : "auth")
.append(':').append(hasha2);
digestValue = sb.toString();
}
final String digest = encode(digester.digest(EncodingUtils.getAsciiBytes(digestValue)));
final CharArrayBuffer buffer = new CharArrayBuffer(128);
if (isProxy()) {
buffer.append(AUTH.PROXY_AUTH_RESP);
} else {
buffer.append(AUTH.WWW_AUTH_RESP);
}
buffer.append(": Digest ");
final List params = new ArrayList(20);
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("username", uname));
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("realm", realm));
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("nonce", nonce));
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("uri", uri));
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("response", digest));
if (qop != QOP_MISSING) {
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("qop", qop == QOP_AUTH_INT ? "auth-int" : "auth"));
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("nc", nc));
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("cnonce", cnonce));
}
// algorithm cannot be null here
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("algorithm", algorithm));
if (opaque != null) {
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("opaque", opaque));
}
for (int i = 0; i < params.size(); i++) {
final BasicNameValuePair param = params.get(i);
if (i > 0) {
buffer.append(", ");
}
final String name = param.getName();
final boolean noQuotes = ("nc".equals(name) || "qop".equals(name)
|| "algorithm".equals(name));
BasicHeaderValueFormatter.INSTANCE.formatNameValuePair(buffer, param, !noQuotes);
}
return new BufferedHeader(buffer);
}
String getCnonce() {
return cnonce;
}
String getA1() {
return a1;
}
String getA2() {
return a2;
}
/**
* Encodes the 128 bit (16 bytes) MD5 digest into a 32 characters long
* String according to RFC 2617.
*
* @param binaryData array containing the digest
* @return encoded MD5, or null if encoding failed
*/
static String encode(final byte[] binaryData) {
final int n = binaryData.length;
final char[] buffer = new char[n * 2];
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
final int low = (binaryData[i] & 0x0f);
final int high = ((binaryData[i] & 0xf0) >> 4);
buffer[i * 2] = HEXADECIMAL[high];
buffer[(i * 2) + 1] = HEXADECIMAL[low];
}
return new String(buffer);
}
/**
* Creates a random cnonce value based on the current time.
*
* @return The cnonce value as String.
*/
public static String createCnonce() {
final SecureRandom rnd = new SecureRandom();
final byte[] tmp = new byte[8];
rnd.nextBytes(tmp);
return encode(tmp);
}
@Override
public String toString() {
final StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
builder.append("DIGEST [complete=").append(complete)
.append(", nonce=").append(lastNonce)
.append(", nc=").append(nounceCount)
.append("]");
return builder.toString();
}
}