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/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.apache.hudi;

import org.apache.hudi.common.config.HoodieMetadataConfig;
import org.apache.hudi.common.config.TypedProperties;
import org.apache.hudi.common.engine.HoodieEngineContext;
import org.apache.hudi.common.fs.FSUtils;
import org.apache.hudi.common.model.BaseFile;
import org.apache.hudi.common.model.FileSlice;
import org.apache.hudi.common.model.HoodieLogFile;
import org.apache.hudi.common.model.HoodieTableQueryType;
import org.apache.hudi.common.table.HoodieTableMetaClient;
import org.apache.hudi.common.table.timeline.HoodieInstant;
import org.apache.hudi.common.table.timeline.HoodieTimeline;
import org.apache.hudi.common.table.timeline.TimelineUtils;
import org.apache.hudi.common.table.view.HoodieTableFileSystemView;
import org.apache.hudi.common.util.CollectionUtils;
import org.apache.hudi.common.util.HoodieTimer;
import org.apache.hudi.common.util.Option;
import org.apache.hudi.common.util.StringUtils;
import org.apache.hudi.common.util.collection.Pair;
import org.apache.hudi.exception.HoodieException;
import org.apache.hudi.exception.HoodieIOException;
import org.apache.hudi.expression.Expression;
import org.apache.hudi.internal.schema.Types;
import org.apache.hudi.metadata.HoodieTableMetadata;
import org.apache.hudi.metadata.HoodieTableMetadataUtil;
import org.apache.hudi.storage.HoodieStorage;
import org.apache.hudi.storage.StoragePath;
import org.apache.hudi.storage.StoragePathInfo;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.function.Function;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

import static org.apache.hudi.common.config.HoodieMetadataConfig.DEFAULT_METADATA_ENABLE_FOR_READERS;
import static org.apache.hudi.common.config.HoodieMetadataConfig.ENABLE;
import static org.apache.hudi.common.table.timeline.TimelineUtils.validateTimestampAsOf;

/**
 * Common (engine-agnostic) File Index implementation enabling individual query engines to
 * list Hudi Table contents based on the
 *
 * 
    *
  • Table type (MOR, COW)
  • *
  • Query type (snapshot, read_optimized, incremental)
  • *
  • Query instant/range
  • *
*/ public abstract class BaseHoodieTableFileIndex implements AutoCloseable { private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(BaseHoodieTableFileIndex.class); private final String[] partitionColumns; protected final HoodieMetadataConfig metadataConfig; private final HoodieTableQueryType queryType; private final Option specifiedQueryInstant; private final Option beginInstantTime; private final Option endInstantTime; private final List queryPaths; private final boolean shouldIncludePendingCommits; private final boolean shouldValidateInstant; // The `shouldListLazily` variable controls how we initialize/refresh the TableFileIndex: // - non-lazy/eager listing (shouldListLazily=false): all partitions and file slices will be loaded eagerly during initialization. // - lazy listing (shouldListLazily=true): partitions listing will be done lazily with the knowledge from query predicate on partition // columns. And file slices fetching only happens for partitions satisfying the given filter. // // In SparkSQL, `shouldListLazily` is controlled by option `REFRESH_PARTITION_AND_FILES_IN_INITIALIZATION`. // In lazy listing case, if no predicate on partition is provided, all partitions will still be loaded. private final boolean shouldListLazily; private final StoragePath basePath; private final HoodieTableMetaClient metaClient; private final HoodieEngineContext engineContext; private final transient FileStatusCache fileStatusCache; // NOTE: Individual partitions are always cached in full: meaning that if partition is cached // it will hold all the file-slices residing w/in the partition private transient volatile Map> cachedAllInputFileSlices = new HashMap<>(); // NOTE: It always contains either all partition paths, or null if it is not initialized yet private transient volatile List cachedAllPartitionPaths = null; private transient HoodieTableMetadata tableMetadata = null; /** * @param engineContext Hudi engine-specific context * @param metaClient Hudi table's meta-client * @param configProperties unifying configuration (in the form of generic properties) * @param queryType target query type * @param queryPaths target DFS paths being queried * @param specifiedQueryInstant instant as of which table is being queried * @param shouldIncludePendingCommits flags whether file-index should exclude any pending operations * @param shouldValidateInstant flags to validate whether query instant is present in the timeline * @param fileStatusCache transient cache of fetched [[FileStatus]]es * @param beginInstantTime begin instant time for incremental query (optional) * @param endInstantTime end instant time for incremental query (optional) */ public BaseHoodieTableFileIndex(HoodieEngineContext engineContext, HoodieTableMetaClient metaClient, TypedProperties configProperties, HoodieTableQueryType queryType, List queryPaths, Option specifiedQueryInstant, boolean shouldIncludePendingCommits, boolean shouldValidateInstant, FileStatusCache fileStatusCache, boolean shouldListLazily, Option beginInstantTime, Option endInstantTime) { this.partitionColumns = metaClient.getTableConfig().getPartitionFields() .orElseGet(() -> new String[0]); this.metadataConfig = HoodieMetadataConfig.newBuilder() .fromProperties(configProperties) .enable(configProperties.getBoolean(ENABLE.key(), DEFAULT_METADATA_ENABLE_FOR_READERS) && HoodieTableMetadataUtil.isFilesPartitionAvailable(metaClient)) .build(); this.queryType = queryType; this.queryPaths = queryPaths; this.specifiedQueryInstant = specifiedQueryInstant; this.shouldIncludePendingCommits = shouldIncludePendingCommits; this.shouldValidateInstant = shouldValidateInstant; this.shouldListLazily = shouldListLazily; this.beginInstantTime = beginInstantTime; this.endInstantTime = endInstantTime; this.basePath = metaClient.getBasePath(); this.metaClient = metaClient; this.engineContext = engineContext; this.fileStatusCache = fileStatusCache; doRefresh(); } protected abstract Object[] doParsePartitionColumnValues(String[] partitionColumns, String partitionPath); /** * Returns latest completed instant as seen by this instance of the file-index */ public Option getLatestCompletedInstant() { return getActiveTimeline().filterCompletedInstants().lastInstant(); } /** * Returns table's base-path */ public StoragePath getBasePath() { return basePath; } public int getFileSlicesCount() { return getAllInputFileSlices().values().stream() .mapToInt(List::size).sum(); } @Override public void close() throws Exception { resetTableMetadata(null); } protected String[] getPartitionColumns() { return partitionColumns; } protected List getQueryPaths() { return queryPaths; } /** * Returns all partition paths matching the ones explicitly provided by the query (if any) */ protected List getAllQueryPartitionPaths() { if (cachedAllPartitionPaths == null) { List queryRelativePartitionPaths = queryPaths.stream() .map(path -> FSUtils.getRelativePartitionPath(basePath, path)) .collect(Collectors.toList()); this.cachedAllPartitionPaths = listPartitionPaths(queryRelativePartitionPaths); } return cachedAllPartitionPaths; } /** * Returns all listed file-slices w/in the partition paths returned by {@link #getAllQueryPartitionPaths()} */ protected Map> getAllInputFileSlices() { if (!areAllFileSlicesCached()) { ensurePreloadedPartitions(getAllQueryPartitionPaths()); } return cachedAllInputFileSlices; } /** * Get input file slice for the given partition. Will use cache directly if it is computed before. */ protected Map> getInputFileSlices(PartitionPath... partitions) { ensurePreloadedPartitions(Arrays.asList(partitions)); return Arrays.stream(partitions).collect( Collectors.toMap(Function.identity(), partition -> cachedAllInputFileSlices.get(partition)) ); } private void ensurePreloadedPartitions(List partitionPaths) { // Fetching file slices for partitions that have not been cached yet List missingPartitions = partitionPaths.stream() .filter(p -> !cachedAllInputFileSlices.containsKey(p)) .collect(Collectors.toList()); // NOTE: Individual partitions are always cached in full, therefore if partition is cached // it will hold all the file-slices residing w/in the partition cachedAllInputFileSlices.putAll(loadFileSlicesForPartitions(missingPartitions)); } private Map> loadFileSlicesForPartitions(List partitions) { if (partitions.isEmpty()) { return Collections.emptyMap(); } if (specifiedQueryInstant.isPresent() && !shouldIncludePendingCommits) { validateTimestampAsOf(metaClient, specifiedQueryInstant.get()); } List allFiles = listPartitionPathFiles(partitions); HoodieTimeline activeTimeline = getActiveTimeline(); Option latestInstant = activeTimeline.lastInstant(); try (HoodieTableFileSystemView fileSystemView = new HoodieTableFileSystemView(metaClient, activeTimeline, allFiles)) { Option queryInstant = specifiedQueryInstant.or(() -> latestInstant.map(HoodieInstant::getTimestamp)); validate(activeTimeline, queryInstant); // NOTE: For MOR table, when the compaction is inflight, we need to not only fetch the // latest slices, but also include the base and log files of the second-last version of // the file slice in the same file group as the latest file slice that is under compaction. // This logic is realized by `AbstractTableFileSystemView::getLatestMergedFileSlicesBeforeOrOn` // API. Note that for COW table, the merging logic of two slices does not happen as there // is no compaction, thus there is no performance impact. HoodieTableFileSystemView finalFileSystemView = fileSystemView; return partitions.stream().collect( Collectors.toMap( Function.identity(), partitionPath -> queryInstant.map(instant -> finalFileSystemView.getLatestMergedFileSlicesBeforeOrOn(partitionPath.path, queryInstant.get()) ) .orElseGet(() -> finalFileSystemView.getLatestFileSlices(partitionPath.path)) .collect(Collectors.toList()) )); } } protected List listPartitionPaths(List relativePartitionPaths, Types.RecordType partitionFields, Expression partitionColumnPredicates) { List matchedPartitionPaths; try { matchedPartitionPaths = tableMetadata.getPartitionPathWithPathPrefixUsingFilterExpression(relativePartitionPaths, partitionFields, partitionColumnPredicates); } catch (IOException e) { throw new HoodieIOException("Error fetching partition paths", e); } // Convert partition's path into partition descriptor return matchedPartitionPaths.stream() .map(this::convertToPartitionPath) .collect(Collectors.toList()); } protected List listPartitionPaths(List relativePartitionPaths) { List matchedPartitionPaths; try { if (isPartitionedTable()) { if (queryType == HoodieTableQueryType.INCREMENTAL && beginInstantTime.isPresent()) { HoodieTimeline timelineAfterBeginInstant = TimelineUtils.getCommitsTimelineAfter(metaClient, beginInstantTime.get(), Option.empty()); HoodieTimeline timelineToQuery = endInstantTime.map(timelineAfterBeginInstant::findInstantsBeforeOrEquals).orElse(timelineAfterBeginInstant); matchedPartitionPaths = TimelineUtils.getWrittenPartitions(timelineToQuery); } else { matchedPartitionPaths = tableMetadata.getPartitionPathWithPathPrefixes(relativePartitionPaths); } } else { matchedPartitionPaths = Collections.singletonList(StringUtils.EMPTY_STRING); } } catch (IOException e) { throw new HoodieIOException("Error fetching partition paths", e); } // Convert partition's path into partition descriptor return matchedPartitionPaths.stream() .map(this::convertToPartitionPath) .collect(Collectors.toList()); } protected void refresh() { fileStatusCache.invalidate(); doRefresh(); } private boolean isPartitionedTable() { return partitionColumns.length > 0 || HoodieTableMetadata.isMetadataTable(basePath); } protected HoodieTimeline getActiveTimeline() { // NOTE: We have to use commits and compactions timeline, to make sure that we're properly // handling the following case: when records are inserted into the new log-file w/in the file-group // that is under the pending compaction process, new log-file will bear the compaction's instant (on the // timeline) in its name, as opposed to the base-file's commit instant. To make sure we're not filtering // such log-file we have to _always_ include pending compaction instants into consideration // TODO(HUDI-3302) re-evaluate whether we should filter any commits in here HoodieTimeline timeline = metaClient.getCommitsAndCompactionTimeline(); if (shouldIncludePendingCommits) { return timeline; } else { return timeline.filterCompletedAndCompactionInstants(); } } private Object[] parsePartitionColumnValues(String[] partitionColumns, String partitionPath) { Object[] partitionColumnValues = doParsePartitionColumnValues(partitionColumns, partitionPath); if (shouldListLazily && partitionColumnValues.length != partitionColumns.length) { throw new HoodieException("Failed to parse partition column values from the partition-path:" + " likely non-encoded slashes being used in partition column's values. You can try to" + " work this around by switching listing mode to eager"); } return partitionColumnValues; } /** * Load partition paths and it's files under the query table path. */ private List listPartitionPathFiles(List partitions) { List partitionPaths = partitions.stream() // NOTE: We're using [[createPathUnsafe]] to create Hadoop's [[Path]] objects // instances more efficiently, provided that // - We're using already normalized relative paths // - Its scope limited to [[FileStatusCache]] .map(partition -> new StoragePath(partition.path)) .collect(Collectors.toList()); // Lookup in cache first Map> cachedPartitionPaths = partitionPaths.parallelStream() .map(partitionPath -> Pair.of(partitionPath, fileStatusCache.get(partitionPath))) .filter(partitionPathFilesPair -> partitionPathFilesPair.getRight().isPresent()) .collect(Collectors.toMap(Pair::getKey, p -> p.getRight().get())); Set missingPartitionPaths = CollectionUtils.diffSet(partitionPaths, cachedPartitionPaths.keySet()); // NOTE: We're constructing a mapping of absolute form of the partition-path into // its relative one, such that we don't need to reconstruct these again later on Map missingPartitionPathsMap = missingPartitionPaths.stream() .collect(Collectors.toMap( relativePartitionPath -> new StoragePath(basePath, relativePartitionPath.toString()).toString(), Function.identity() )); try { Map> fetchedPartitionsMap = tableMetadata.getAllFilesInPartitions(missingPartitionPathsMap.keySet()); // Ingest newly fetched partitions into cache fetchedPartitionsMap.forEach((absolutePath, files) -> { StoragePath relativePath = missingPartitionPathsMap.get(absolutePath); fileStatusCache.put(relativePath, files); }); List result = new ArrayList<>(); result.addAll(cachedPartitionPaths.values().stream() .flatMap(e -> e.stream()).collect(Collectors.toList())); result.addAll(fetchedPartitionsMap.values().stream() .flatMap(e -> e.stream()).collect(Collectors.toList())); return result; } catch (IOException e) { throw new HoodieIOException("Failed to list partition paths", e); } } private void doRefresh() { HoodieTimer timer = HoodieTimer.start(); resetTableMetadata(createMetadataTable(engineContext, metaClient.getStorage(), metadataConfig, basePath)); // Make sure we reload active timeline metaClient.reloadActiveTimeline(); // Reset it to null to trigger re-loading of all partition path this.cachedAllPartitionPaths = null; // Reset to force reload file slices inside partitions this.cachedAllInputFileSlices = new HashMap<>(); if (!shouldListLazily) { ensurePreloadedPartitions(getAllQueryPartitionPaths()); } LOG.info(String.format("Refresh table %s, spent: %d ms", metaClient.getTableConfig().getTableName(), timer.endTimer())); } private void validate(HoodieTimeline activeTimeline, Option queryInstant) { if (shouldValidateInstant) { if (queryInstant.isPresent() && !activeTimeline.containsInstant(queryInstant.get())) { throw new HoodieIOException(String.format("Query instant (%s) not found in the timeline", queryInstant.get())); } } } private boolean canParsePartitionValues() { // If we failed to parse partition-values from the partition-path partition value will be // represented as {@code InternalRow.empty}. In that case we try to recourse to query table // as a non-partitioned one instead of failing // // NOTE: In case of lazy listing, we can't validate upfront whether we'd be able to parse // partition-values and such fallback unfortunately won't be functional. // This method has to return stable response once corresponding file index is initialized, // and can't change its value afterwards return shouldListLazily || cachedAllPartitionPaths.stream().allMatch(p -> p.values.length > 0); } protected long getTotalCachedFilesSize() { return cachedAllInputFileSlices.values().stream() .flatMap(Collection::stream) .mapToLong(BaseHoodieTableFileIndex::fileSliceSize) .sum(); } protected boolean areAllFileSlicesCached() { // Loop over partition paths to check if all partitions are initialized. return areAllPartitionPathsCached() && cachedAllPartitionPaths.stream().allMatch(p -> cachedAllInputFileSlices.containsKey(p)); } protected boolean areAllPartitionPathsCached() { // If the partition paths is not fully initialized yet, then the file slices are also not fully initialized. return cachedAllPartitionPaths != null; } protected boolean shouldReadAsPartitionedTable() { return (partitionColumns.length > 0 && canParsePartitionValues()) || HoodieTableMetadata.isMetadataTable(basePath); } protected PartitionPath convertToPartitionPath(String partitionPath) { Object[] partitionColumnValues = parsePartitionColumnValues(partitionColumns, partitionPath); return new PartitionPath(partitionPath, partitionColumnValues); } private static long fileSliceSize(FileSlice fileSlice) { long logFileSize = fileSlice.getLogFiles().map(HoodieLogFile::getFileSize) .filter(s -> s > 0) .reduce(0L, Long::sum); return fileSlice.getBaseFile().map(BaseFile::getFileLen).orElse(0L) + logFileSize; } private void resetTableMetadata(HoodieTableMetadata newTableMetadata) { if (tableMetadata != null) { try { tableMetadata.close(); } catch (Exception e) { throw new HoodieException("Failed to close HoodieTableMetadata instance", e); } } tableMetadata = newTableMetadata; } private static HoodieTableMetadata createMetadataTable( HoodieEngineContext engineContext, HoodieStorage storage, HoodieMetadataConfig metadataConfig, StoragePath basePath ) { HoodieTableMetadata newTableMetadata = HoodieTableMetadata.create( engineContext, storage, metadataConfig, basePath.toString(), true); return newTableMetadata; } /** * Partition path information containing the relative partition path * and values of partition columns. */ public static final class PartitionPath { final String path; final Object[] values; public PartitionPath(String path, Object[] values) { this.path = path; this.values = values; } public String getPath() { return path; } @Override public boolean equals(Object other) { return other instanceof PartitionPath && Objects.equals(path, ((PartitionPath) other).path) && Arrays.equals(values, ((PartitionPath) other).values); } @Override public int hashCode() { return path.hashCode() * 1103 + Arrays.hashCode(values); } } /** * APIs for caching {@link StoragePathInfo}. */ protected interface FileStatusCache { Option> get(StoragePath path); void put(StoragePath path, List leafFiles); void invalidate(); } }




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