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/* 
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * 
 *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 * 
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
 * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
 * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
 * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
 * specific language governing permissions and limitations
 * under the License.
 */
package org.apache.parquet.hadoop;

import static org.apache.parquet.Preconditions.checkNotNull;
import static org.apache.parquet.hadoop.ParquetWriter.DEFAULT_BLOCK_SIZE;
import static org.apache.parquet.hadoop.util.ContextUtil.getConfiguration;

import java.io.IOException;

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.JobConf;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.JobContext;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.OutputCommitter;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.RecordWriter;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.TaskAttemptContext;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;

import org.apache.parquet.column.ParquetProperties;
import org.apache.parquet.column.ParquetProperties.WriterVersion;
import org.apache.parquet.hadoop.ParquetFileWriter.Mode;
import org.apache.parquet.hadoop.api.WriteSupport;
import org.apache.parquet.hadoop.api.WriteSupport.WriteContext;
import org.apache.parquet.hadoop.codec.CodecConfig;
import org.apache.parquet.hadoop.metadata.CompressionCodecName;
import org.apache.parquet.hadoop.util.ConfigurationUtil;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

/**
 * OutputFormat to write to a Parquet file
 *
 * It requires a {@link WriteSupport} to convert the actual records to the underlying format.
 * It requires the schema of the incoming records. (provided by the write support)
 * It allows storing extra metadata in the footer (for example: for schema compatibility purpose when converting from a different schema language).
 *
 * The format configuration settings in the job configuration:
 * 
 * # The block size is the size of a row group being buffered in memory
 * # this limits the memory usage when writing
 * # Larger values will improve the IO when reading but consume more memory when writing
 * parquet.block.size=134217728 # in bytes, default = 128 * 1024 * 1024
 *
 * # The page size is for compression. When reading, each page can be decompressed independently.
 * # A block is composed of pages. The page is the smallest unit that must be read fully to access a single record.
 * # If this value is too small, the compression will deteriorate
 * parquet.page.size=1048576 # in bytes, default = 1 * 1024 * 1024
 *
 * # There is one dictionary page per column per row group when dictionary encoding is used.
 * # The dictionary page size works like the page size but for dictionary
 * parquet.dictionary.page.size=1048576 # in bytes, default = 1 * 1024 * 1024
 *
 * # The compression algorithm used to compress pages
 * parquet.compression=UNCOMPRESSED # one of: UNCOMPRESSED, SNAPPY, GZIP, LZO. Default: UNCOMPRESSED. Supersedes mapred.output.compress*
 *
 * # The write support class to convert the records written to the OutputFormat into the events accepted by the record consumer
 * # Usually provided by a specific ParquetOutputFormat subclass
 * parquet.write.support.class= # fully qualified name
 *
 * # To enable/disable dictionary encoding
 * parquet.enable.dictionary=true # false to disable dictionary encoding
 *
 * # To enable/disable summary metadata aggregation at the end of a MR job
 * # The default is true (enabled)
 * parquet.enable.summary-metadata=true # false to disable summary aggregation
 *
 * # Maximum size (in bytes) allowed as padding to align row groups
 * # This is also the minimum size of a row group. Default: 0
 * parquet.writer.max-padding=2097152 # 2 MB
 * 
* * If parquet.compression is not set, the following properties are checked (FileOutputFormat behavior). * Note that we explicitely disallow custom Codecs *
 * mapred.output.compress=true
 * mapred.output.compression.codec=org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.SomeCodec # the codec must be one of Snappy, GZip or LZO
 * 
* * if none of those is set the data is uncompressed. * * @author Julien Le Dem * * @param the type of the materialized records */ public class ParquetOutputFormat extends FileOutputFormat { private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ParquetOutputFormat.class); public static final String BLOCK_SIZE = "parquet.block.size"; public static final String PAGE_SIZE = "parquet.page.size"; public static final String COMPRESSION = "parquet.compression"; public static final String WRITE_SUPPORT_CLASS = "parquet.write.support.class"; public static final String DICTIONARY_PAGE_SIZE = "parquet.dictionary.page.size"; public static final String ENABLE_DICTIONARY = "parquet.enable.dictionary"; public static final String VALIDATION = "parquet.validation"; public static final String WRITER_VERSION = "parquet.writer.version"; public static final String ENABLE_JOB_SUMMARY = "parquet.enable.summary-metadata"; public static final String MEMORY_POOL_RATIO = "parquet.memory.pool.ratio"; public static final String MIN_MEMORY_ALLOCATION = "parquet.memory.min.chunk.size"; public static final String MAX_PADDING_BYTES = "parquet.writer.max-padding"; public static final String MIN_ROW_COUNT_FOR_PAGE_SIZE_CHECK = "parquet.page.size.row.check.min"; public static final String MAX_ROW_COUNT_FOR_PAGE_SIZE_CHECK = "parquet.page.size.row.check.max"; public static final String ESTIMATE_PAGE_SIZE_CHECK = "parquet.page.size.check.estimate"; // default to no padding for now private static final int DEFAULT_MAX_PADDING_SIZE = 0; public static void setWriteSupportClass(Job job, Class writeSupportClass) { getConfiguration(job).set(WRITE_SUPPORT_CLASS, writeSupportClass.getName()); } public static void setWriteSupportClass(JobConf job, Class writeSupportClass) { job.set(WRITE_SUPPORT_CLASS, writeSupportClass.getName()); } public static Class getWriteSupportClass(Configuration configuration) { final String className = configuration.get(WRITE_SUPPORT_CLASS); if (className == null) { return null; } final Class writeSupportClass = ConfigurationUtil.getClassFromConfig(configuration, WRITE_SUPPORT_CLASS, WriteSupport.class); return writeSupportClass; } public static void setBlockSize(Job job, int blockSize) { getConfiguration(job).setInt(BLOCK_SIZE, blockSize); } public static void setPageSize(Job job, int pageSize) { getConfiguration(job).setInt(PAGE_SIZE, pageSize); } public static void setDictionaryPageSize(Job job, int pageSize) { getConfiguration(job).setInt(DICTIONARY_PAGE_SIZE, pageSize); } public static void setCompression(Job job, CompressionCodecName compression) { getConfiguration(job).set(COMPRESSION, compression.name()); } public static void setEnableDictionary(Job job, boolean enableDictionary) { getConfiguration(job).setBoolean(ENABLE_DICTIONARY, enableDictionary); } public static boolean getEnableDictionary(JobContext jobContext) { return getEnableDictionary(getConfiguration(jobContext)); } public static int getBlockSize(JobContext jobContext) { return getBlockSize(getConfiguration(jobContext)); } public static int getPageSize(JobContext jobContext) { return getPageSize(getConfiguration(jobContext)); } public static int getDictionaryPageSize(JobContext jobContext) { return getDictionaryPageSize(getConfiguration(jobContext)); } public static CompressionCodecName getCompression(JobContext jobContext) { return getCompression(getConfiguration(jobContext)); } public static boolean isCompressionSet(JobContext jobContext) { return isCompressionSet(getConfiguration(jobContext)); } public static void setValidation(JobContext jobContext, boolean validating) { setValidation(getConfiguration(jobContext), validating); } public static boolean getValidation(JobContext jobContext) { return getValidation(getConfiguration(jobContext)); } public static boolean getEnableDictionary(Configuration configuration) { return configuration.getBoolean( ENABLE_DICTIONARY, ParquetProperties.DEFAULT_IS_DICTIONARY_ENABLED); } public static int getMinRowCountForPageSizeCheck(Configuration configuration) { return configuration.getInt(MIN_ROW_COUNT_FOR_PAGE_SIZE_CHECK, ParquetProperties.DEFAULT_MINIMUM_RECORD_COUNT_FOR_CHECK); } public static int getMaxRowCountForPageSizeCheck(Configuration configuration) { return configuration.getInt(MAX_ROW_COUNT_FOR_PAGE_SIZE_CHECK, ParquetProperties.DEFAULT_MAXIMUM_RECORD_COUNT_FOR_CHECK); } public static boolean getEstimatePageSizeCheck(Configuration configuration) { return configuration.getBoolean(ESTIMATE_PAGE_SIZE_CHECK, ParquetProperties.DEFAULT_ESTIMATE_ROW_COUNT_FOR_PAGE_SIZE_CHECK); } @Deprecated public static int getBlockSize(Configuration configuration) { return configuration.getInt(BLOCK_SIZE, DEFAULT_BLOCK_SIZE); } public static long getLongBlockSize(Configuration configuration) { return configuration.getLong(BLOCK_SIZE, DEFAULT_BLOCK_SIZE); } public static int getPageSize(Configuration configuration) { return configuration.getInt(PAGE_SIZE, ParquetProperties.DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE); } public static int getDictionaryPageSize(Configuration configuration) { return configuration.getInt( DICTIONARY_PAGE_SIZE, ParquetProperties.DEFAULT_DICTIONARY_PAGE_SIZE); } public static WriterVersion getWriterVersion(Configuration configuration) { String writerVersion = configuration.get( WRITER_VERSION, ParquetProperties.DEFAULT_WRITER_VERSION.toString()); return WriterVersion.fromString(writerVersion); } public static CompressionCodecName getCompression(Configuration configuration) { return CodecConfig.getParquetCompressionCodec(configuration); } public static boolean isCompressionSet(Configuration configuration) { return CodecConfig.isParquetCompressionSet(configuration); } public static void setValidation(Configuration configuration, boolean validating) { configuration.setBoolean(VALIDATION, validating); } public static boolean getValidation(Configuration configuration) { return configuration.getBoolean(VALIDATION, false); } private CompressionCodecName getCodec(TaskAttemptContext taskAttemptContext) { return CodecConfig.from(taskAttemptContext).getCodec(); } public static void setMaxPaddingSize(JobContext jobContext, int maxPaddingSize) { setMaxPaddingSize(getConfiguration(jobContext), maxPaddingSize); } public static void setMaxPaddingSize(Configuration conf, int maxPaddingSize) { conf.setInt(MAX_PADDING_BYTES, maxPaddingSize); } private static int getMaxPaddingSize(Configuration conf) { // default to no padding, 0% of the row group size return conf.getInt(MAX_PADDING_BYTES, DEFAULT_MAX_PADDING_SIZE); } private WriteSupport writeSupport; private ParquetOutputCommitter committer; /** * constructor used when this OutputFormat in wrapped in another one (In Pig for example) * @param writeSupport the class used to convert the incoming records */ public > ParquetOutputFormat(S writeSupport) { this.writeSupport = writeSupport; } /** * used when directly using the output format and configuring the write support implementation * using parquet.write.support.class */ public > ParquetOutputFormat() { } /** * {@inheritDoc} */ @Override public RecordWriter getRecordWriter(TaskAttemptContext taskAttemptContext) throws IOException, InterruptedException { final Configuration conf = getConfiguration(taskAttemptContext); CompressionCodecName codec = getCodec(taskAttemptContext); String extension = codec.getExtension() + ".parquet"; Path file = getDefaultWorkFile(taskAttemptContext, extension); return getRecordWriter(conf, file, codec); } public RecordWriter getRecordWriter(TaskAttemptContext taskAttemptContext, Path file) throws IOException, InterruptedException { return getRecordWriter(getConfiguration(taskAttemptContext), file, getCodec(taskAttemptContext)); } public RecordWriter getRecordWriter(Configuration conf, Path file, CompressionCodecName codec) throws IOException, InterruptedException { final WriteSupport writeSupport = getWriteSupport(conf); ParquetProperties props = ParquetProperties.builder() .withPageSize(getPageSize(conf)) .withDictionaryPageSize(getDictionaryPageSize(conf)) .withDictionaryEncoding(getEnableDictionary(conf)) .withWriterVersion(getWriterVersion(conf)) .estimateRowCountForPageSizeCheck(getEstimatePageSizeCheck(conf)) .withMinRowCountForPageSizeCheck(getMinRowCountForPageSizeCheck(conf)) .withMaxRowCountForPageSizeCheck(getMaxRowCountForPageSizeCheck(conf)) .build(); long blockSize = getLongBlockSize(conf); int maxPaddingSize = getMaxPaddingSize(conf); boolean validating = getValidation(conf); if (LOG.isInfoEnabled()) { LOG.info("Parquet block size to {}", blockSize); LOG.info("Parquet page size to {}", props.getPageSizeThreshold()); LOG.info("Parquet dictionary page size to {}", props.getDictionaryPageSizeThreshold()); LOG.info("Dictionary is {}", (props.isEnableDictionary() ? "on" : "off")); LOG.info("Validation is {}", (validating ? "on" : "off")); LOG.info("Writer version is: {}", props.getWriterVersion()); LOG.info("Maximum row group padding size is {} bytes", maxPaddingSize); LOG.info("Page size checking is: {}", (props.estimateNextSizeCheck() ? "estimated" : "constant")); LOG.info("Min row count for page size check is: {}", props.getMinRowCountForPageSizeCheck()); LOG.info("Max row count for page size check is: {}", props.getMaxRowCountForPageSizeCheck()); } WriteContext init = writeSupport.init(conf); ParquetFileWriter w = new ParquetFileWriter( conf, init.getSchema(), file, Mode.CREATE, blockSize, maxPaddingSize); w.start(); float maxLoad = conf.getFloat(ParquetOutputFormat.MEMORY_POOL_RATIO, MemoryManager.DEFAULT_MEMORY_POOL_RATIO); long minAllocation = conf.getLong(ParquetOutputFormat.MIN_MEMORY_ALLOCATION, MemoryManager.DEFAULT_MIN_MEMORY_ALLOCATION); synchronized (ParquetOutputFormat.class) { if (memoryManager == null) { memoryManager = new MemoryManager(maxLoad, minAllocation); } } if (memoryManager.getMemoryPoolRatio() != maxLoad) { LOG.warn("The configuration " + MEMORY_POOL_RATIO + " has been set. It should not " + "be reset by the new value: " + maxLoad); } return new ParquetRecordWriter( w, writeSupport, init.getSchema(), init.getExtraMetaData(), blockSize, codec, validating, props, memoryManager, conf); } /** * @param configuration to find the configuration for the write support class * @return the configured write support */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public WriteSupport getWriteSupport(Configuration configuration){ if (writeSupport != null) return writeSupport; Class writeSupportClass = getWriteSupportClass(configuration); try { return (WriteSupport)checkNotNull(writeSupportClass, "writeSupportClass").newInstance(); } catch (InstantiationException e) { throw new BadConfigurationException("could not instantiate write support class: " + writeSupportClass, e); } catch (IllegalAccessException e) { throw new BadConfigurationException("could not instantiate write support class: " + writeSupportClass, e); } } @Override public OutputCommitter getOutputCommitter(TaskAttemptContext context) throws IOException { if (committer == null) { Path output = getOutputPath(context); committer = new ParquetOutputCommitter(output, context); } return committer; } /** * This memory manager is for all the real writers (InternalParquetRecordWriter) in one task. */ private static MemoryManager memoryManager; public synchronized static MemoryManager getMemoryManager() { return memoryManager; } }