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/*
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
* contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
* the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.apache.spark.network.client;
import java.io.Closeable;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.net.SocketAddress;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
import com.codahale.metrics.MetricSet;
import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
import com.google.common.base.Throwables;
import com.google.common.collect.Lists;
import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
import io.netty.buffer.PooledByteBufAllocator;
import io.netty.channel.Channel;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.apache.spark.network.TransportContext;
import org.apache.spark.network.server.TransportChannelHandler;
import org.apache.spark.network.util.*;
/**
* Factory for creating {@link TransportClient}s by using createClient.
*
* The factory maintains a connection pool to other hosts and should return the same
* TransportClient for the same remote host. It also shares a single worker thread pool for
* all TransportClients.
*
* TransportClients will be reused whenever possible. Prior to completing the creation of a new
* TransportClient, all given {@link TransportClientBootstrap}s will be run.
*/
public class TransportClientFactory implements Closeable {
/** A simple data structure to track the pool of clients between two peer nodes. */
private static class ClientPool {
TransportClient[] clients;
Object[] locks;
ClientPool(int size) {
clients = new TransportClient[size];
locks = new Object[size];
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
locks[i] = new Object();
}
}
}
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TransportClientFactory.class);
private final TransportContext context;
private final TransportConf conf;
private final List clientBootstraps;
private final ConcurrentHashMap connectionPool;
/** Random number generator for picking connections between peers. */
private final Random rand;
private final int numConnectionsPerPeer;
private final Class socketChannelClass;
private EventLoopGroup workerGroup;
private PooledByteBufAllocator pooledAllocator;
private final NettyMemoryMetrics metrics;
public TransportClientFactory(
TransportContext context,
List clientBootstraps) {
this.context = Preconditions.checkNotNull(context);
this.conf = context.getConf();
this.clientBootstraps = Lists.newArrayList(Preconditions.checkNotNull(clientBootstraps));
this.connectionPool = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
this.numConnectionsPerPeer = conf.numConnectionsPerPeer();
this.rand = new Random();
IOMode ioMode = IOMode.valueOf(conf.ioMode());
this.socketChannelClass = NettyUtils.getClientChannelClass(ioMode);
this.workerGroup = NettyUtils.createEventLoop(
ioMode,
conf.clientThreads(),
conf.getModuleName() + "-client");
this.pooledAllocator = NettyUtils.createPooledByteBufAllocator(
conf.preferDirectBufs(), false /* allowCache */, conf.clientThreads());
this.metrics = new NettyMemoryMetrics(
this.pooledAllocator, conf.getModuleName() + "-client", conf);
}
public MetricSet getAllMetrics() {
return metrics;
}
/**
* Create a {@link TransportClient} connecting to the given remote host / port.
*
* We maintains an array of clients (size determined by spark.shuffle.io.numConnectionsPerPeer)
* and randomly picks one to use. If no client was previously created in the randomly selected
* spot, this function creates a new client and places it there.
*
* Prior to the creation of a new TransportClient, we will execute all
* {@link TransportClientBootstrap}s that are registered with this factory.
*
* This blocks until a connection is successfully established and fully bootstrapped.
*
* Concurrency: This method is safe to call from multiple threads.
*/
public TransportClient createClient(String remoteHost, int remotePort)
throws IOException, InterruptedException {
// Get connection from the connection pool first.
// If it is not found or not active, create a new one.
// Use unresolved address here to avoid DNS resolution each time we creates a client.
final InetSocketAddress unresolvedAddress =
InetSocketAddress.createUnresolved(remoteHost, remotePort);
// Create the ClientPool if we don't have it yet.
ClientPool clientPool = connectionPool.get(unresolvedAddress);
if (clientPool == null) {
connectionPool.putIfAbsent(unresolvedAddress, new ClientPool(numConnectionsPerPeer));
clientPool = connectionPool.get(unresolvedAddress);
}
int clientIndex = rand.nextInt(numConnectionsPerPeer);
TransportClient cachedClient = clientPool.clients[clientIndex];
if (cachedClient != null && cachedClient.isActive()) {
// Make sure that the channel will not timeout by updating the last use time of the
// handler. Then check that the client is still alive, in case it timed out before
// this code was able to update things.
TransportChannelHandler handler = cachedClient.getChannel().pipeline()
.get(TransportChannelHandler.class);
synchronized (handler) {
handler.getResponseHandler().updateTimeOfLastRequest();
}
if (cachedClient.isActive()) {
logger.trace("Returning cached connection to {}: {}",
cachedClient.getSocketAddress(), cachedClient);
return cachedClient;
}
}
// If we reach here, we don't have an existing connection open. Let's create a new one.
// Multiple threads might race here to create new connections. Keep only one of them active.
final long preResolveHost = System.nanoTime();
final InetSocketAddress resolvedAddress = new InetSocketAddress(remoteHost, remotePort);
final long hostResolveTimeMs = (System.nanoTime() - preResolveHost) / 1000000;
if (hostResolveTimeMs > 2000) {
logger.warn("DNS resolution for {} took {} ms", resolvedAddress, hostResolveTimeMs);
} else {
logger.trace("DNS resolution for {} took {} ms", resolvedAddress, hostResolveTimeMs);
}
synchronized (clientPool.locks[clientIndex]) {
cachedClient = clientPool.clients[clientIndex];
if (cachedClient != null) {
if (cachedClient.isActive()) {
logger.trace("Returning cached connection to {}: {}", resolvedAddress, cachedClient);
return cachedClient;
} else {
logger.info("Found inactive connection to {}, creating a new one.", resolvedAddress);
}
}
clientPool.clients[clientIndex] = createClient(resolvedAddress);
return clientPool.clients[clientIndex];
}
}
/**
* Create a completely new {@link TransportClient} to the given remote host / port.
* This connection is not pooled.
*
* As with {@link #createClient(String, int)}, this method is blocking.
*/
public TransportClient createUnmanagedClient(String remoteHost, int remotePort)
throws IOException, InterruptedException {
final InetSocketAddress address = new InetSocketAddress(remoteHost, remotePort);
return createClient(address);
}
/** Create a completely new {@link TransportClient} to the remote address. */
private TransportClient createClient(InetSocketAddress address)
throws IOException, InterruptedException {
logger.debug("Creating new connection to {}", address);
Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap();
bootstrap.group(workerGroup)
.channel(socketChannelClass)
// Disable Nagle's Algorithm since we don't want packets to wait
.option(ChannelOption.TCP_NODELAY, true)
.option(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true)
.option(ChannelOption.CONNECT_TIMEOUT_MILLIS, conf.connectionTimeoutMs())
.option(ChannelOption.ALLOCATOR, pooledAllocator);
if (conf.receiveBuf() > 0) {
bootstrap.option(ChannelOption.SO_RCVBUF, conf.receiveBuf());
}
if (conf.sendBuf() > 0) {
bootstrap.option(ChannelOption.SO_SNDBUF, conf.sendBuf());
}
final AtomicReference clientRef = new AtomicReference<>();
final AtomicReference channelRef = new AtomicReference<>();
bootstrap.handler(new ChannelInitializer() {
@Override
public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) {
TransportChannelHandler clientHandler = context.initializePipeline(ch);
clientRef.set(clientHandler.getClient());
channelRef.set(ch);
}
});
// Connect to the remote server
long preConnect = System.nanoTime();
ChannelFuture cf = bootstrap.connect(address);
if (!cf.await(conf.connectionTimeoutMs())) {
throw new IOException(
String.format("Connecting to %s timed out (%s ms)", address, conf.connectionTimeoutMs()));
} else if (cf.cause() != null) {
throw new IOException(String.format("Failed to connect to %s", address), cf.cause());
}
TransportClient client = clientRef.get();
Channel channel = channelRef.get();
assert client != null : "Channel future completed successfully with null client";
// Execute any client bootstraps synchronously before marking the Client as successful.
long preBootstrap = System.nanoTime();
logger.debug("Connection to {} successful, running bootstraps...", address);
try {
for (TransportClientBootstrap clientBootstrap : clientBootstraps) {
clientBootstrap.doBootstrap(client, channel);
}
} catch (Exception e) { // catch non-RuntimeExceptions too as bootstrap may be written in Scala
long bootstrapTimeMs = (System.nanoTime() - preBootstrap) / 1000000;
logger.error("Exception while bootstrapping client after " + bootstrapTimeMs + " ms", e);
client.close();
throw Throwables.propagate(e);
}
long postBootstrap = System.nanoTime();
logger.info("Successfully created connection to {} after {} ms ({} ms spent in bootstraps)",
address, (postBootstrap - preConnect) / 1000000, (postBootstrap - preBootstrap) / 1000000);
return client;
}
/** Close all connections in the connection pool, and shutdown the worker thread pool. */
@Override
public void close() {
// Go through all clients and close them if they are active.
for (ClientPool clientPool : connectionPool.values()) {
for (int i = 0; i < clientPool.clients.length; i++) {
TransportClient client = clientPool.clients[i];
if (client != null) {
clientPool.clients[i] = null;
JavaUtils.closeQuietly(client);
}
}
}
connectionPool.clear();
if (workerGroup != null) {
workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
workerGroup = null;
}
}
}