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Exerimental Minimal Tomcat for Programmatic Use
/*
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
* contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
* the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.apache.coyote;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.StringReader;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
import jakarta.servlet.ReadListener;
import jakarta.servlet.ServletConnection;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.buf.CharsetHolder;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.buf.MessageBytes;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.buf.UDecoder;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.http.MimeHeaders;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.http.Parameters;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.http.ServerCookies;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.http.parser.MediaType;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.net.ApplicationBufferHandler;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.res.StringManager;
/**
* This is a low-level, efficient representation of a server request. Most fields are GC-free, expensive operations are
* delayed until the user code needs the information. Processing is delegated to modules, using a hook mechanism. This
* class is not intended for user code - it is used internally by tomcat for processing the request in the most
* efficient way. Users ( servlets ) can access the information using a facade, which provides the high-level view of
* the request. Tomcat defines a number of attributes:
*
* - "org.apache.tomcat.request" - allows access to the low-level request object in trusted applications
*
*
* @author James Duncan Davidson [[email protected]]
* @author James Todd [[email protected]]
* @author Jason Hunter [[email protected]]
* @author Harish Prabandham
* @author Alex Cruikshank [[email protected]]
* @author Hans Bergsten [[email protected]]
* @author Costin Manolache
* @author Remy Maucherat
*/
public final class Request {
private static final StringManager sm = StringManager.getManager(Request.class);
// Expected maximum typical number of cookies per request.
private static final int INITIAL_COOKIE_SIZE = 4;
/*
* At 100,000 requests a second there are enough IDs here for ~3,000,000 years before it overflows (and then we have
* another 3,000,000 years before it gets back to zero).
*
* Local testing shows that 5, 10, 50, 500 or 1000 threads can obtain 60,000,000+ IDs a second from a single
* AtomicLong. That is about about 17ns per request. It does not appear that the introduction of this counter will
* cause a bottleneck for request processing.
*/
private static final AtomicLong requestIdGenerator = new AtomicLong(0);
// ----------------------------------------------------------- Constructors
public Request() {
parameters.setQuery(queryMB);
parameters.setURLDecoder(urlDecoder);
}
// ----------------------------------------------------- Instance Variables
private int serverPort = -1;
private final MessageBytes serverNameMB = MessageBytes.newInstance();
private int remotePort;
private int localPort;
private final MessageBytes schemeMB = MessageBytes.newInstance();
private final MessageBytes methodMB = MessageBytes.newInstance();
private final MessageBytes uriMB = MessageBytes.newInstance();
private final MessageBytes decodedUriMB = MessageBytes.newInstance();
private final MessageBytes queryMB = MessageBytes.newInstance();
private final MessageBytes protoMB = MessageBytes.newInstance();
private volatile String requestId = Long.toString(requestIdGenerator.getAndIncrement());
// remote address/host
private final MessageBytes remoteAddrMB = MessageBytes.newInstance();
private final MessageBytes peerAddrMB = MessageBytes.newInstance();
private final MessageBytes localNameMB = MessageBytes.newInstance();
private final MessageBytes remoteHostMB = MessageBytes.newInstance();
private final MessageBytes localAddrMB = MessageBytes.newInstance();
private final MimeHeaders headers = new MimeHeaders();
private final MimeHeaders trailerFields = new MimeHeaders();
/**
* Path parameters
*/
private final Map pathParameters = new HashMap<>();
/**
* Notes.
*/
private final Object notes[] = new Object[Constants.MAX_NOTES];
/**
* Associated input buffer.
*/
private InputBuffer inputBuffer = null;
/**
* URL decoder.
*/
private final UDecoder urlDecoder = new UDecoder();
/**
* HTTP specific fields. (remove them ?)
*/
private long contentLength = -1;
private MessageBytes contentTypeMB = null;
private CharsetHolder charsetHolder = CharsetHolder.EMPTY;
/**
* Is there an expectation ?
*/
private boolean expectation = false;
private final ServerCookies serverCookies = new ServerCookies(INITIAL_COOKIE_SIZE);
private final Parameters parameters = new Parameters();
private final MessageBytes remoteUser = MessageBytes.newInstance();
private boolean remoteUserNeedsAuthorization = false;
private final MessageBytes authType = MessageBytes.newInstance();
private final HashMap attributes = new HashMap<>();
private Response response;
private volatile ActionHook hook;
private long bytesRead = 0;
// Time of the request - useful to avoid repeated calls to System.currentTime
private long startTimeNanos = -1;
private long threadId = 0;
private int available = 0;
private final RequestInfo reqProcessorMX = new RequestInfo(this);
private boolean sendfile = true;
/**
* Holds request body reading error exception.
*/
private Exception errorException = null;
/*
* State for non-blocking output is maintained here as it is the one point easily reachable from the
* CoyoteInputStream and the CoyoteAdapter which both need access to state.
*/
volatile ReadListener listener;
// Ensures listener is only fired after a call is isReady()
private boolean fireListener = false;
// Tracks read registration to prevent duplicate registrations
private boolean registeredForRead = false;
// Lock used to manage concurrent access to above flags
private final Object nonBlockingStateLock = new Object();
public ReadListener getReadListener() {
return listener;
}
public void setReadListener(ReadListener listener) {
if (listener == null) {
throw new NullPointerException(sm.getString("request.nullReadListener"));
}
if (getReadListener() != null) {
throw new IllegalStateException(sm.getString("request.readListenerSet"));
}
// Note: This class is not used for HTTP upgrade so only need to test
// for async
AtomicBoolean result = new AtomicBoolean(false);
action(ActionCode.ASYNC_IS_ASYNC, result);
if (!result.get()) {
throw new IllegalStateException(sm.getString("request.notAsync"));
}
this.listener = listener;
// The container is responsible for the first call to
// listener.onDataAvailable(). If isReady() returns true, the container
// needs to call listener.onDataAvailable() from a new thread. If
// isReady() returns false, the socket will be registered for read and
// the container will call listener.onDataAvailable() once data arrives.
// Must call isFinished() first as a call to isReady() if the request
// has been finished will register the socket for read interest and that
// is not required.
if (!isFinished() && isReady()) {
synchronized (nonBlockingStateLock) {
// Ensure we don't get multiple read registrations
registeredForRead = true;
// Need to set the fireListener flag otherwise when the
// container tries to trigger onDataAvailable, nothing will
// happen
fireListener = true;
}
action(ActionCode.DISPATCH_READ, null);
if (!isRequestThread()) {
// Not on a container thread so need to execute the dispatch
action(ActionCode.DISPATCH_EXECUTE, null);
}
}
}
public boolean isReady() {
// Assume read is not possible
boolean ready = false;
synchronized (nonBlockingStateLock) {
if (registeredForRead) {
fireListener = true;
return false;
}
ready = checkRegisterForRead();
fireListener = !ready;
}
return ready;
}
private boolean checkRegisterForRead() {
AtomicBoolean ready = new AtomicBoolean(false);
synchronized (nonBlockingStateLock) {
if (!registeredForRead) {
action(ActionCode.NB_READ_INTEREST, ready);
registeredForRead = !ready.get();
}
}
return ready.get();
}
public void onDataAvailable() throws IOException {
boolean fire = false;
synchronized (nonBlockingStateLock) {
registeredForRead = false;
if (fireListener) {
fireListener = false;
fire = true;
}
}
if (fire) {
listener.onDataAvailable();
}
}
private final AtomicBoolean allDataReadEventSent = new AtomicBoolean(false);
public boolean sendAllDataReadEvent() {
return allDataReadEventSent.compareAndSet(false, true);
}
// ------------------------------------------------------------- Properties
public MimeHeaders getMimeHeaders() {
return headers;
}
public boolean isTrailerFieldsReady() {
AtomicBoolean result = new AtomicBoolean(false);
action(ActionCode.IS_TRAILER_FIELDS_READY, result);
return result.get();
}
public Map getTrailerFields() {
return trailerFields.toMap();
}
public MimeHeaders getMimeTrailerFields() {
return trailerFields;
}
public UDecoder getURLDecoder() {
return urlDecoder;
}
// -------------------- Request data --------------------
public MessageBytes scheme() {
return schemeMB;
}
public MessageBytes method() {
return methodMB;
}
public MessageBytes requestURI() {
return uriMB;
}
public MessageBytes decodedURI() {
return decodedUriMB;
}
public MessageBytes queryString() {
return queryMB;
}
public MessageBytes protocol() {
return protoMB;
}
/**
* Get the "virtual host", derived from the Host: header associated with this request.
*
* @return The buffer holding the server name, if any. Use isNull() to check if there is no value set.
*/
public MessageBytes serverName() {
return serverNameMB;
}
public int getServerPort() {
return serverPort;
}
public void setServerPort(int serverPort) {
this.serverPort = serverPort;
}
public MessageBytes remoteAddr() {
return remoteAddrMB;
}
public MessageBytes peerAddr() {
return peerAddrMB;
}
public MessageBytes remoteHost() {
return remoteHostMB;
}
public MessageBytes localName() {
return localNameMB;
}
public MessageBytes localAddr() {
return localAddrMB;
}
public int getRemotePort() {
return remotePort;
}
public void setRemotePort(int port) {
this.remotePort = port;
}
public int getLocalPort() {
return localPort;
}
public void setLocalPort(int port) {
this.localPort = port;
}
// -------------------- encoding/type --------------------
/**
* Get the character encoding used for this request.
*
* @return The value set via {@link #setCharset(Charset)} or if no call has been made to that method try to obtain
* if from the content type.
*
* @deprecated Unused. This method will be removed in Tomcat 12.
*/
@Deprecated
public String getCharacterEncoding() {
if (charsetHolder.getName() == null) {
charsetHolder = CharsetHolder.getInstance(getCharsetFromContentType(getContentType()));
}
return charsetHolder.getName();
}
/**
* Get the character encoding used for this request.
*
* @return The value set via {@link #setCharset(Charset)} or if no call has been made to that method try to obtain
* if from the content type.
*
* @throws UnsupportedEncodingException If the user agent has specified an invalid character encoding
*
* @deprecated Unused. This method will be removed in Tomcat 12.
*/
@Deprecated
public Charset getCharset() throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
if (charsetHolder.getName() == null) {
// Populates charsetHolder
getCharacterEncoding();
}
return charsetHolder.getValidatedCharset();
}
/**
* Unused.
*
* @param charset The Charset to use for the request
*
* @deprecated Unused. This method will be removed in Tomcat 12.
*/
@Deprecated
public void setCharset(Charset charset) {
charsetHolder = CharsetHolder.getInstance(charset);
}
public CharsetHolder getCharsetHolder() {
if (charsetHolder.getName() == null) {
charsetHolder = CharsetHolder.getInstance(getCharsetFromContentType(getContentType()));
}
return charsetHolder;
}
public void setCharsetHolder(CharsetHolder charsetHolder) {
this.charsetHolder = charsetHolder;
}
public void setContentLength(long len) {
this.contentLength = len;
}
public int getContentLength() {
long length = getContentLengthLong();
if (length < Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
return (int) length;
}
return -1;
}
public long getContentLengthLong() {
if (contentLength > -1) {
return contentLength;
}
MessageBytes clB = headers.getUniqueValue("content-length");
contentLength = (clB == null || clB.isNull()) ? -1 : clB.getLong();
return contentLength;
}
public String getContentType() {
contentType();
if (contentTypeMB == null || contentTypeMB.isNull()) {
return null;
}
return contentTypeMB.toStringType();
}
public void setContentType(String type) {
contentTypeMB.setString(type);
}
public MessageBytes contentType() {
if (contentTypeMB == null) {
contentTypeMB = headers.getValue("content-type");
}
return contentTypeMB;
}
public void setContentType(MessageBytes mb) {
contentTypeMB = mb;
}
public String getHeader(String name) {
return headers.getHeader(name);
}
public void setExpectation(boolean expectation) {
this.expectation = expectation;
}
public boolean hasExpectation() {
return expectation;
}
// -------------------- Associated response --------------------
public Response getResponse() {
return response;
}
public void setResponse(Response response) {
this.response = response;
response.setRequest(this);
}
protected void setHook(ActionHook hook) {
this.hook = hook;
}
public void action(ActionCode actionCode, Object param) {
if (hook != null) {
if (param == null) {
hook.action(actionCode, this);
} else {
hook.action(actionCode, param);
}
}
}
// -------------------- Cookies --------------------
public ServerCookies getCookies() {
return serverCookies;
}
// -------------------- Parameters --------------------
public Parameters getParameters() {
return parameters;
}
public void addPathParameter(String name, String value) {
pathParameters.put(name, value);
}
public String getPathParameter(String name) {
return pathParameters.get(name);
}
// -------------------- Other attributes --------------------
// We can use notes for most - need to discuss what is of general interest
public void setAttribute(String name, Object o) {
attributes.put(name, o);
}
public HashMap getAttributes() {
return attributes;
}
public Object getAttribute(String name) {
return attributes.get(name);
}
public MessageBytes getRemoteUser() {
return remoteUser;
}
public boolean getRemoteUserNeedsAuthorization() {
return remoteUserNeedsAuthorization;
}
public void setRemoteUserNeedsAuthorization(boolean remoteUserNeedsAuthorization) {
this.remoteUserNeedsAuthorization = remoteUserNeedsAuthorization;
}
public MessageBytes getAuthType() {
return authType;
}
public int getAvailable() {
return available;
}
public void setAvailable(int available) {
this.available = available;
}
public boolean getSendfile() {
return sendfile;
}
public void setSendfile(boolean sendfile) {
this.sendfile = sendfile;
}
public boolean isFinished() {
AtomicBoolean result = new AtomicBoolean(false);
action(ActionCode.REQUEST_BODY_FULLY_READ, result);
return result.get();
}
public boolean getSupportsRelativeRedirects() {
if (protocol().equals("") || protocol().equals("HTTP/1.0")) {
return false;
}
return true;
}
// -------------------- Input Buffer --------------------
public InputBuffer getInputBuffer() {
return inputBuffer;
}
public void setInputBuffer(InputBuffer inputBuffer) {
this.inputBuffer = inputBuffer;
}
/**
* Read data from the input buffer and put it into ApplicationBufferHandler. The buffer is owned by the protocol
* implementation - it will be reused on the next read. The Adapter must either process the data in place or copy it
* to a separate buffer if it needs to hold it. In most cases this is done during byte->char conversions or via
* InputStream. Unlike InputStream, this interface allows the app to process data in place, without copy.
*
* @param handler The destination to which to copy the data
*
* @return The number of bytes copied
*
* @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs during the copy
*/
public int doRead(ApplicationBufferHandler handler) throws IOException {
if (getBytesRead() == 0 && !response.isCommitted()) {
action(ActionCode.ACK, ContinueResponseTiming.ON_REQUEST_BODY_READ);
}
int n = inputBuffer.doRead(handler);
if (n > 0) {
bytesRead += n;
}
return n;
}
// -------------------- Error tracking --------------------
/**
* Set the error Exception that occurred during the writing of the response processing.
*
* @param ex The exception that occurred
*/
public void setErrorException(Exception ex) {
errorException = ex;
}
/**
* Get the Exception that occurred during the writing of the response.
*
* @return The exception that occurred
*/
public Exception getErrorException() {
return errorException;
}
public boolean isExceptionPresent() {
return errorException != null;
}
// -------------------- debug --------------------
public String getRequestId() {
return requestId;
}
public String getProtocolRequestId() {
AtomicReference ref = new AtomicReference<>();
hook.action(ActionCode.PROTOCOL_REQUEST_ID, ref);
return ref.get();
}
public ServletConnection getServletConnection() {
AtomicReference ref = new AtomicReference<>();
hook.action(ActionCode.SERVLET_CONNECTION, ref);
return ref.get();
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "R( " + requestURI().toString() + ")";
}
public long getStartTime() {
return System.currentTimeMillis() - TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS.toMillis(System.nanoTime() - startTimeNanos);
}
public long getStartTimeNanos() {
return startTimeNanos;
}
public void setStartTimeNanos(long startTimeNanos) {
this.startTimeNanos = startTimeNanos;
}
public long getThreadId() {
return threadId;
}
public void clearRequestThread() {
threadId = 0;
}
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
public void setRequestThread() {
Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
threadId = t.getId();
getRequestProcessor().setWorkerThreadName(t.getName());
}
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
public boolean isRequestThread() {
return Thread.currentThread().getId() == threadId;
}
// -------------------- Per-Request "notes" --------------------
/**
* Used to store private data. Thread data could be used instead - but if you have the req, getting/setting a note
* is just an array access, may be faster than ThreadLocal for very frequent operations. Example use: Catalina
* CoyoteAdapter: ADAPTER_NOTES = 1 - stores the HttpServletRequest object ( req/res) To avoid conflicts, note in
* the range 0 - 8 are reserved for the servlet container ( catalina connector, etc ), and values in 9 - 16 for
* connector use. 17-31 range is not allocated or used.
*
* @param pos Index to use to store the note
* @param value The value to store at that index
*/
public void setNote(int pos, Object value) {
notes[pos] = value;
}
public Object getNote(int pos) {
return notes[pos];
}
// -------------------- Recycling --------------------
public void recycle() {
bytesRead = 0;
contentLength = -1;
contentTypeMB = null;
charsetHolder = CharsetHolder.EMPTY;
expectation = false;
headers.recycle();
trailerFields.recycle();
/*
* Trailer fields are limited in size by bytes. The following call ensures that any request with a large number
* of small trailer fields doesn't result in a long lasting, large array of headers inside the MimeHeader
* instance.
*/
trailerFields.setLimit(MimeHeaders.DEFAULT_HEADER_SIZE);
serverNameMB.recycle();
serverPort = -1;
localAddrMB.recycle();
localNameMB.recycle();
localPort = -1;
peerAddrMB.recycle();
remoteAddrMB.recycle();
remoteHostMB.recycle();
remotePort = -1;
available = 0;
sendfile = true;
// There may be multiple calls to recycle but only the first should
// trigger a change in the request ID until a new request has been
// started. Use startTimeNanos to detect when a request has started so a
// subsequent call to recycle() will trigger a change in the request ID.
if (startTimeNanos != -1) {
requestId = Long.toHexString(requestIdGenerator.getAndIncrement());
}
serverCookies.recycle();
parameters.recycle();
pathParameters.clear();
uriMB.recycle();
decodedUriMB.recycle();
queryMB.recycle();
methodMB.recycle();
protoMB.recycle();
schemeMB.recycle();
remoteUser.recycle();
remoteUserNeedsAuthorization = false;
authType.recycle();
attributes.clear();
errorException = null;
listener = null;
synchronized (nonBlockingStateLock) {
fireListener = false;
registeredForRead = false;
}
allDataReadEventSent.set(false);
startTimeNanos = -1;
threadId = 0;
}
// -------------------- Info --------------------
public void updateCounters() {
reqProcessorMX.updateCounters();
}
public RequestInfo getRequestProcessor() {
return reqProcessorMX;
}
public long getBytesRead() {
return bytesRead;
}
public boolean isProcessing() {
return reqProcessorMX.getStage() == Constants.STAGE_SERVICE;
}
/**
* Parse the character encoding from the specified content type header. If the content type is null, or there is no
* explicit character encoding, null is returned.
*
* @param contentType a content type header
*/
private static String getCharsetFromContentType(String contentType) {
if (contentType == null) {
return null;
}
MediaType mediaType = null;
try {
mediaType = MediaType.parseMediaType(new StringReader(contentType));
} catch (IOException e) {
// Ignore - null test below handles this
}
if (mediaType != null) {
return mediaType.getCharset();
}
return null;
}
}