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/*
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
* contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
* the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.apache.coyote.http2;
import java.io.EOFException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.Base64;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Queue;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentNavigableMap;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentSkipListMap;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentSkipListSet;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import jakarta.servlet.ServletConnection;
import jakarta.servlet.http.WebConnection;
import org.apache.coyote.Adapter;
import org.apache.coyote.ProtocolException;
import org.apache.coyote.Request;
import org.apache.coyote.http11.upgrade.InternalHttpUpgradeHandler;
import org.apache.coyote.http2.HpackDecoder.HeaderEmitter;
import org.apache.coyote.http2.HpackEncoder.State;
import org.apache.coyote.http2.Http2Parser.Input;
import org.apache.coyote.http2.Http2Parser.Output;
import org.apache.juli.logging.Log;
import org.apache.juli.logging.LogFactory;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.http.MimeHeaders;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.http.parser.Priority;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.log.UserDataHelper;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AbstractEndpoint.Handler.SocketState;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SSLSupport;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SendfileState;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketEvent;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketWrapperBase;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.res.StringManager;
/**
* This represents an HTTP/2 connection from a client to Tomcat. It is designed on the basis that there will never be
* more than one thread performing I/O at a time.
* For reading, this implementation is blocking within frames and non-blocking between frames.
* Note:
*
*
You will need to nest an <UpgradeProtocol className="org.apache.coyote.http2.Http2Protocol" /> element
* inside a TLS enabled Connector element in server.xml to enable HTTP/2 support.
*
*/
class Http2UpgradeHandler extends AbstractStream implements InternalHttpUpgradeHandler, Input, Output {
protected static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(Http2UpgradeHandler.class);
protected static final StringManager sm = StringManager.getManager(Http2UpgradeHandler.class);
private static final Integer STREAM_ID_ZERO = Integer.valueOf(0);
protected static final int FLAG_END_OF_STREAM = 1;
protected static final int FLAG_END_OF_HEADERS = 4;
protected static final byte[] PING = { 0x00, 0x00, 0x08, 0x06, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 };
protected static final byte[] PING_ACK = { 0x00, 0x00, 0x08, 0x06, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 };
protected static final byte[] SETTINGS_ACK = { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x04, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 };
protected static final byte[] GOAWAY = { 0x07, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 };
private static final String HTTP2_SETTINGS_HEADER = "HTTP2-Settings";
protected static final HeaderSink HEADER_SINK = new HeaderSink();
protected final String connectionId;
protected final Http2Protocol protocol;
private final Adapter adapter;
protected final SocketWrapperBase socketWrapper;
private volatile SSLSupport sslSupport;
private volatile Http2Parser parser;
// Simple state machine (sequence of states)
private AtomicReference connectionState = new AtomicReference<>(ConnectionState.NEW);
private volatile long pausedNanoTime = Long.MAX_VALUE;
/**
* Remote settings are settings defined by the client and sent to Tomcat that Tomcat must use when communicating
* with the client.
*/
private final ConnectionSettingsRemote remoteSettings;
/**
* Local settings are settings defined by Tomcat and sent to the client that the client must use when communicating
* with Tomcat.
*/
protected final ConnectionSettingsLocal localSettings;
private HpackDecoder hpackDecoder;
private HpackEncoder hpackEncoder;
private final ConcurrentNavigableMap streams = new ConcurrentSkipListMap<>();
protected final AtomicInteger activeRemoteStreamCount = new AtomicInteger(0);
// Start at -1 so the 'add 2' logic in closeIdleStreams() works
private volatile int maxActiveRemoteStreamId = -1;
private volatile int maxProcessedStreamId;
private final AtomicInteger nextLocalStreamId = new AtomicInteger(2);
private final PingManager pingManager = getPingManager();
private volatile int newStreamsSinceLastPrune = 0;
private final Set backLogStreams = new HashSet<>();
private long backLogSize = 0;
// The time at which the connection will timeout unless data arrives before
// then. -1 means no timeout.
private volatile long connectionTimeout = -1;
// Stream concurrency control
private AtomicInteger streamConcurrency = null;
private Queue queuedRunnable = null;
// Track 'overhead' frames vs 'request/response' frames
private final AtomicLong overheadCount;
private volatile int lastNonFinalDataPayload;
private volatile int lastWindowUpdate;
protected final UserDataHelper userDataHelper = new UserDataHelper(log);
Http2UpgradeHandler(Http2Protocol protocol, Adapter adapter, Request coyoteRequest,
SocketWrapperBase socketWrapper) {
super(STREAM_ID_ZERO);
this.protocol = protocol;
this.adapter = adapter;
this.socketWrapper = socketWrapper;
// Defaults to -10 * the count factor.
// i.e. when the connection opens, 10 'overhead' frames in a row will
// cause the connection to be closed.
// Over time the count should be a slowly decreasing negative number.
// Therefore, the longer a connection is 'well-behaved', the greater
// tolerance it will have for a period of 'bad' behaviour.
overheadCount = new AtomicLong(-10 * protocol.getOverheadCountFactor());
lastNonFinalDataPayload = protocol.getOverheadDataThreshold() * 2;
lastWindowUpdate = protocol.getOverheadWindowUpdateThreshold() * 2;
connectionId = getServletConnection().getConnectionId();
remoteSettings = new ConnectionSettingsRemote(connectionId);
localSettings = new ConnectionSettingsLocal(connectionId);
localSettings.set(Setting.MAX_CONCURRENT_STREAMS, protocol.getMaxConcurrentStreams());
localSettings.set(Setting.INITIAL_WINDOW_SIZE, protocol.getInitialWindowSize());
pingManager.initiateDisabled = protocol.getInitiatePingDisabled();
// Initial HTTP request becomes stream 1.
if (coyoteRequest != null) {
if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
log.trace(sm.getString("upgradeHandler.upgrade", connectionId));
}
Integer key = Integer.valueOf(1);
Stream stream = new Stream(key, this, coyoteRequest);
streams.put(key, stream);
maxActiveRemoteStreamId = 1;
activeRemoteStreamCount.set(1);
maxProcessedStreamId = 1;
}
}
protected PingManager getPingManager() {
return new PingManager();
}
@Override
public void init(WebConnection webConnection) {
if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
log.trace(sm.getString("upgradeHandler.init", connectionId, connectionState.get()));
}
if (!connectionState.compareAndSet(ConnectionState.NEW, ConnectionState.CONNECTED)) {
return;
}
// Init concurrency control if needed
if (protocol.getMaxConcurrentStreamExecution() < localSettings.getMaxConcurrentStreams()) {
streamConcurrency = new AtomicInteger(0);
queuedRunnable = new ConcurrentLinkedQueue<>();
}
parser = getParser(connectionId);
Stream stream = null;
socketWrapper.setReadTimeout(protocol.getReadTimeout());
socketWrapper.setWriteTimeout(protocol.getWriteTimeout());
if (webConnection != null) {
// HTTP/2 started via HTTP upgrade.
// The initial HTTP/1.1 request is available as Stream 1.
try {
// Process the initial settings frame
stream = getStream(1, true);
String base64Settings = stream.getCoyoteRequest().getHeader(HTTP2_SETTINGS_HEADER);
byte[] settings = Base64.getUrlDecoder().decode(base64Settings);
// Settings are only valid on stream 0
FrameType.SETTINGS.check(0, settings.length);
for (int i = 0; i < settings.length % 6; i++) {
int id = ByteUtil.getTwoBytes(settings, i * 6);
long value = ByteUtil.getFourBytes(settings, (i * 6) + 2);
Setting key = Setting.valueOf(id);
if (key == Setting.UNKNOWN) {
log.warn(sm.getString("connectionSettings.unknown", connectionId, Integer.toString(id),
Long.toString(value)));
}
remoteSettings.set(key, value);
}
} catch (Http2Exception e) {
throw new ProtocolException(sm.getString("upgradeHandler.upgrade.fail", connectionId));
}
}
// Send the initial settings frame
writeSettings();
// Make sure the client has sent a valid connection preface before we
// send the response to the original request over HTTP/2.
try {
parser.readConnectionPreface(webConnection, stream);
} catch (Http2Exception e) {
String msg = sm.getString("upgradeHandler.invalidPreface", connectionId);
if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
log.debug(msg, e);
}
throw new ProtocolException(msg);
}
if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
log.trace(sm.getString("upgradeHandler.prefaceReceived", connectionId));
}
// Allow streams and connection to determine timeouts
socketWrapper.setReadTimeout(-1);
socketWrapper.setWriteTimeout(-1);
processConnection(webConnection, stream);
}
protected void processConnection(WebConnection webConnection, Stream stream) {
// Send a ping to get an idea of round trip time as early as possible
try {
pingManager.sendPing(true);
} catch (IOException ioe) {
throw new ProtocolException(sm.getString("upgradeHandler.pingFailed", connectionId), ioe);
}
if (webConnection != null) {
processStreamOnContainerThread(stream);
}
}
protected Http2Parser getParser(String connectionId) {
return new Http2Parser(connectionId, this, this);
}
protected void processStreamOnContainerThread(Stream stream) {
StreamProcessor streamProcessor = new StreamProcessor(this, stream, adapter, socketWrapper);
streamProcessor.setSslSupport(sslSupport);
processStreamOnContainerThread(streamProcessor, SocketEvent.OPEN_READ);
}
protected void decrementActiveRemoteStreamCount(Stream stream) {
if (stream != null) {
setConnectionTimeoutForStreamCount(stream.decrementAndGetActiveRemoteStreamCount());
}
}
void processStreamOnContainerThread(StreamProcessor streamProcessor, SocketEvent event) {
StreamRunnable streamRunnable = new StreamRunnable(streamProcessor, event);
if (streamConcurrency == null) {
socketWrapper.execute(streamRunnable);
} else {
if (getStreamConcurrency() < protocol.getMaxConcurrentStreamExecution()) {
increaseStreamConcurrency();
socketWrapper.execute(streamRunnable);
} else {
queuedRunnable.offer(streamRunnable);
}
}
}
@Override
public void setSocketWrapper(SocketWrapperBase wrapper) {
// NO-OP. It is passed via the constructor
}
@Override
public void setSslSupport(SSLSupport sslSupport) {
this.sslSupport = sslSupport;
}
@Override
public SocketState upgradeDispatch(SocketEvent status) {
if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
log.trace(sm.getString("upgradeHandler.upgradeDispatch.entry", connectionId, status));
}
// WebConnection is not used so passing null here is fine
// Might not be necessary. init() will handle that.
init(null);
SocketState result = SocketState.CLOSED;
try {
switch (status) {
case OPEN_READ:
socketWrapper.getLock().lock();
try {
if (socketWrapper.canWrite()) {
// Only send a ping if there is no other data waiting to be sent.
// Ping manager will ensure they aren't sent too frequently.
pingManager.sendPing(false);
}
} finally {
socketWrapper.getLock().unlock();
}
try {
// Disable the connection timeout while frames are processed
setConnectionTimeout(-1);
while (true) {
try {
if (!parser.readFrame()) {
break;
}
} catch (StreamException se) {
// Log the Stream error but not necessarily all of
// them
UserDataHelper.Mode logMode = userDataHelper.getNextMode();
if (logMode != null) {
String message = sm.getString("upgradeHandler.stream.error", connectionId,
Integer.toString(se.getStreamId()));
switch (logMode) {
case INFO_THEN_DEBUG:
message += sm.getString("upgradeHandler.fallToDebug");
//$FALL-THROUGH$
case INFO:
log.info(message, se);
break;
case DEBUG:
log.debug(message, se);
}
}
// Stream errors are not fatal to the connection so
// continue reading frames
Stream stream = getStream(se.getStreamId(), false);
if (stream == null) {
sendStreamReset(null, se);
} else {
stream.close(se);
}
} finally {
if (isOverheadLimitExceeded()) {
throw new ConnectionException(
sm.getString("upgradeHandler.tooMuchOverhead", connectionId),
Http2Error.ENHANCE_YOUR_CALM);
}
}
}
// Need to know the correct timeout before starting the read
// but that may not be known at this time if one or more
// requests are currently being processed so don't set a
// timeout for the socket...
socketWrapper.setReadTimeout(-1);
// ...set a timeout on the connection
setConnectionTimeoutForStreamCount(activeRemoteStreamCount.get());
} catch (Http2Exception ce) {
// Really ConnectionException
if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
log.debug(sm.getString("upgradeHandler.connectionError"), ce);
}
closeConnection(ce);
break;
}
if (connectionState.get() != ConnectionState.CLOSED) {
if (socketWrapper.hasAsyncIO()) {
result = SocketState.ASYNC_IO;
} else {
result = SocketState.UPGRADED;
}
}
break;
case OPEN_WRITE:
processWrites();
if (socketWrapper.hasAsyncIO()) {
result = SocketState.ASYNC_IO;
} else {
result = SocketState.UPGRADED;
}
break;
case TIMEOUT:
closeConnection(null);
break;
case DISCONNECT:
case ERROR:
case STOP:
case CONNECT_FAIL:
close();
break;
}
} catch (IOException ioe) {
if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
log.debug(sm.getString("upgradeHandler.ioerror", connectionId), ioe);
}
close();
}
if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
log.trace(sm.getString("upgradeHandler.upgradeDispatch.exit", connectionId, result));
}
return result;
}
/*
* Sets the connection timeout based on the current number of active streams.
*/
protected void setConnectionTimeoutForStreamCount(int streamCount) {
if (streamCount == 0) {
// No streams currently active. Use the keep-alive
// timeout for the connection.
long keepAliveTimeout = protocol.getKeepAliveTimeout();
if (keepAliveTimeout == -1) {
setConnectionTimeout(-1);
} else {
setConnectionTimeout(System.currentTimeMillis() + keepAliveTimeout);
}
} else {
// Streams currently active. Individual streams have
// timeouts so keep the connection open.
setConnectionTimeout(-1);
}
}
private void setConnectionTimeout(long connectionTimeout) {
this.connectionTimeout = connectionTimeout;
}
@Override
public void timeoutAsync(long now) {
long connectionTimeout = this.connectionTimeout;
if (now == -1 || connectionTimeout > -1 && now > connectionTimeout) {
// Have to dispatch as this will be executed from a non-container
// thread.
socketWrapper.processSocket(SocketEvent.TIMEOUT, true);
}
}
ConnectionSettingsRemote getRemoteSettings() {
return remoteSettings;
}
ConnectionSettingsLocal getLocalSettings() {
return localSettings;
}
Http2Protocol getProtocol() {
return protocol;
}
@Override
public void pause() {
if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
log.trace(sm.getString("upgradeHandler.pause.entry", connectionId));
}
if (connectionState.compareAndSet(ConnectionState.CONNECTED, ConnectionState.PAUSING)) {
pausedNanoTime = System.nanoTime();
try {
writeGoAwayFrame((1 << 31) - 1, Http2Error.NO_ERROR.getCode(), null);
} catch (IOException ioe) {
// This is fatal for the connection. Ignore it here. There will be
// further attempts at I/O in upgradeDispatch() and it can better
// handle the IO errors.
}
}
}
@Override
public void destroy() {
// NO-OP
}
void checkPauseState() throws IOException {
if (connectionState.get() == ConnectionState.PAUSING) {
if (pausedNanoTime + pingManager.getRoundTripTimeNano() < System.nanoTime()) {
connectionState.compareAndSet(ConnectionState.PAUSING, ConnectionState.PAUSED);
writeGoAwayFrame(maxProcessedStreamId, Http2Error.NO_ERROR.getCode(), null);
}
}
}
private int increaseStreamConcurrency() {
return streamConcurrency.incrementAndGet();
}
private int decreaseStreamConcurrency() {
return streamConcurrency.decrementAndGet();
}
private int getStreamConcurrency() {
return streamConcurrency.get();
}
void executeQueuedStream() {
if (streamConcurrency == null) {
return;
}
decreaseStreamConcurrency();
if (getStreamConcurrency() < protocol.getMaxConcurrentStreamExecution()) {
StreamRunnable streamRunnable = queuedRunnable.poll();
if (streamRunnable != null) {
increaseStreamConcurrency();
socketWrapper.execute(streamRunnable);
}
}
}
void sendStreamReset(StreamStateMachine state, StreamException se) throws IOException {
if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
log.trace(sm.getString("upgradeHandler.rst.debug", connectionId, Integer.toString(se.getStreamId()),
se.getError(), se.getMessage()));
}
// Write a RST frame
byte[] rstFrame = new byte[13];
// Length
ByteUtil.setThreeBytes(rstFrame, 0, 4);
// Type
rstFrame[3] = FrameType.RST.getIdByte();
// No flags
// Stream ID
ByteUtil.set31Bits(rstFrame, 5, se.getStreamId());
// Payload
ByteUtil.setFourBytes(rstFrame, 9, se.getError().getCode());
// Need to update state atomically with the sending of the RST
// frame else other threads currently working with this stream
// may see the state change and send a RST frame before the RST
// frame triggered by this thread. If that happens the client
// may see out of order RST frames which may hard to follow if
// the client is unaware the RST frames may be received out of
// order.
socketWrapper.getLock().lock();
try {
if (state != null) {
boolean active = state.isActive();
state.sendReset();
if (active) {
decrementActiveRemoteStreamCount(getStream(se.getStreamId()));
}
}
socketWrapper.write(true, rstFrame, 0, rstFrame.length);
socketWrapper.flush(true);
} finally {
socketWrapper.getLock().unlock();
}
}
void closeConnection(Http2Exception ce) {
long code;
byte[] msg;
if (ce == null) {
code = Http2Error.NO_ERROR.getCode();
msg = null;
} else {
code = ce.getError().getCode();
msg = ce.getMessage().getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
}
try {
writeGoAwayFrame(maxProcessedStreamId, code, msg);
} catch (IOException ioe) {
// Ignore. GOAWAY is sent on a best efforts basis and the original
// error has already been logged.
}
close();
}
/**
* Write the initial settings frame and any necessary supporting frames. If the initial settings increase the
* initial window size, it will also be necessary to send a WINDOW_UPDATE frame to increase the size of the flow
* control window for the connection (stream 0).
*/
protected void writeSettings() {
// Send the initial settings frame
try {
byte[] settings = localSettings.getSettingsFrameForPending();
socketWrapper.write(true, settings, 0, settings.length);
byte[] windowUpdateFrame = createWindowUpdateForSettings();
if (windowUpdateFrame.length > 0) {
socketWrapper.write(true, windowUpdateFrame, 0, windowUpdateFrame.length);
}
socketWrapper.flush(true);
} catch (IOException ioe) {
String msg = sm.getString("upgradeHandler.sendPrefaceFail", connectionId);
if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
log.debug(msg);
}
throw new ProtocolException(msg, ioe);
}
}
/**
* @return The WINDOW_UPDATE frame if one is required or an empty array if no WINDOW_UPDATE is required.
*/
protected byte[] createWindowUpdateForSettings() {
// Build a WINDOW_UPDATE frame if one is required. If not, create an
// empty byte array.
byte[] windowUpdateFrame;
int increment = protocol.getInitialWindowSize() - ConnectionSettingsBase.DEFAULT_INITIAL_WINDOW_SIZE;
if (increment > 0) {
// Build window update frame for stream 0
windowUpdateFrame = new byte[13];
ByteUtil.setThreeBytes(windowUpdateFrame, 0, 4);
windowUpdateFrame[3] = FrameType.WINDOW_UPDATE.getIdByte();
ByteUtil.set31Bits(windowUpdateFrame, 9, increment);
} else {
windowUpdateFrame = new byte[0];
}
return windowUpdateFrame;
}
protected void writeGoAwayFrame(int maxStreamId, long errorCode, byte[] debugMsg) throws IOException {
byte[] fixedPayload = new byte[8];
ByteUtil.set31Bits(fixedPayload, 0, maxStreamId);
ByteUtil.setFourBytes(fixedPayload, 4, errorCode);
int len = 8;
if (debugMsg != null) {
len += debugMsg.length;
}
byte[] payloadLength = new byte[3];
ByteUtil.setThreeBytes(payloadLength, 0, len);
Lock lock = socketWrapper.getLock();
lock.lock();
try {
socketWrapper.write(true, payloadLength, 0, payloadLength.length);
socketWrapper.write(true, GOAWAY, 0, GOAWAY.length);
socketWrapper.write(true, fixedPayload, 0, 8);
if (debugMsg != null) {
socketWrapper.write(true, debugMsg, 0, debugMsg.length);
}
socketWrapper.flush(true);
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
void writeHeaders(Stream stream, int pushedStreamId, MimeHeaders mimeHeaders, boolean endOfStream, int payloadSize)
throws IOException {
// This ensures the Stream processing thread has control of the socket.
Lock lock = socketWrapper.getLock();
lock.lock();
try {
doWriteHeaders(stream, pushedStreamId, mimeHeaders, endOfStream, payloadSize);
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
stream.sentHeaders();
if (endOfStream) {
sentEndOfStream(stream);
}
}
/*
* Separate method to allow Http2AsyncUpgradeHandler to call this code without synchronizing on socketWrapper since
* it doesn't need to.
*/
protected HeaderFrameBuffers doWriteHeaders(Stream stream, int pushedStreamId, MimeHeaders mimeHeaders,
boolean endOfStream, int payloadSize) throws IOException {
if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
if (pushedStreamId == 0) {
log.trace(sm.getString("upgradeHandler.writeHeaders", connectionId, stream.getIdAsString(),
Boolean.valueOf(endOfStream)));
} else {
log.trace(sm.getString("upgradeHandler.writePushHeaders", connectionId, stream.getIdAsString(),
Integer.valueOf(pushedStreamId), Boolean.valueOf(endOfStream)));
}
}
if (!stream.canWrite()) {
return null;
}
HeaderFrameBuffers headerFrameBuffers = getHeaderFrameBuffers(payloadSize);
byte[] pushedStreamIdBytes = null;
if (pushedStreamId > 0) {
pushedStreamIdBytes = new byte[4];
ByteUtil.set31Bits(pushedStreamIdBytes, 0, pushedStreamId);
}
boolean first = true;
State state = null;
while (state != State.COMPLETE) {
headerFrameBuffers.startFrame();
if (first && pushedStreamIdBytes != null) {
headerFrameBuffers.getPayload().put(pushedStreamIdBytes);
}
state = getHpackEncoder().encode(mimeHeaders, headerFrameBuffers.getPayload());
headerFrameBuffers.getPayload().flip();
if (state == State.COMPLETE || headerFrameBuffers.getPayload().limit() > 0) {
ByteUtil.setThreeBytes(headerFrameBuffers.getHeader(), 0, headerFrameBuffers.getPayload().limit());
if (first) {
first = false;
if (pushedStreamIdBytes == null) {
headerFrameBuffers.getHeader()[3] = FrameType.HEADERS.getIdByte();
} else {
headerFrameBuffers.getHeader()[3] = FrameType.PUSH_PROMISE.getIdByte();
}
if (endOfStream) {
headerFrameBuffers.getHeader()[4] = FLAG_END_OF_STREAM;
}
} else {
headerFrameBuffers.getHeader()[3] = FrameType.CONTINUATION.getIdByte();
}
if (state == State.COMPLETE) {
headerFrameBuffers.getHeader()[4] += FLAG_END_OF_HEADERS;
}
if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
log.trace(headerFrameBuffers.getPayload().limit() + " bytes");
}
ByteUtil.set31Bits(headerFrameBuffers.getHeader(), 5, stream.getIdAsInt());
headerFrameBuffers.endFrame();
} else if (state == State.UNDERFLOW) {
headerFrameBuffers.expandPayload();
}
}
headerFrameBuffers.endHeaders();
return headerFrameBuffers;
}
protected HeaderFrameBuffers getHeaderFrameBuffers(int initialPayloadSize) {
return new DefaultHeaderFrameBuffers(initialPayloadSize);
}
protected HpackEncoder getHpackEncoder() {
if (hpackEncoder == null) {
hpackEncoder = new HpackEncoder();
}
// Ensure latest agreed table size is used
hpackEncoder.setMaxTableSize(remoteSettings.getHeaderTableSize());
return hpackEncoder;
}
void writeBody(Stream stream, ByteBuffer data, int len, boolean finished) throws IOException {
if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
log.trace(sm.getString("upgradeHandler.writeBody", connectionId, stream.getIdAsString(),
Integer.toString(len), Boolean.valueOf(finished)));
}
reduceOverheadCount(FrameType.DATA);
// Need to check this now since sending end of stream will change this.
boolean writable = stream.canWrite();
byte[] header = new byte[9];
ByteUtil.setThreeBytes(header, 0, len);
header[3] = FrameType.DATA.getIdByte();
if (finished) {
header[4] = FLAG_END_OF_STREAM;
sentEndOfStream(stream);
}
if (writable) {
ByteUtil.set31Bits(header, 5, stream.getIdAsInt());
socketWrapper.getLock().lock();
try {
socketWrapper.write(true, header, 0, header.length);
int orgLimit = data.limit();
data.limit(data.position() + len);
socketWrapper.write(true, data);
data.limit(orgLimit);
socketWrapper.flush(true);
} catch (IOException ioe) {
handleAppInitiatedIOException(ioe);
} finally {
socketWrapper.getLock().unlock();
}
}
}
protected void sentEndOfStream(Stream stream) {
stream.sentEndOfStream();
if (!stream.isActive()) {
decrementActiveRemoteStreamCount(stream);
}
}
/*
* Handles an I/O error on the socket underlying the HTTP/2 connection when it is triggered by application code
* (usually reading the request or writing the response). Such I/O errors are fatal so the connection is closed. The
* exception is re-thrown to make the client code aware of the problem.
*
* Note: We can not rely on this exception reaching the socket processor since the application code may swallow it.
*/
protected void handleAppInitiatedIOException(IOException ioe) throws IOException {
close();
throw ioe;
}
/*
* Needs to know if this was application initiated since that affects the error handling.
*/
void writeWindowUpdate(AbstractNonZeroStream stream, int increment, boolean applicationInitiated)
throws IOException {
if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
log.trace(sm.getString("upgradeHandler.windowUpdateConnection", getConnectionId(),
Integer.valueOf(increment)));
}
socketWrapper.getLock().lock();
try {
// Build window update frame for stream 0
byte[] frame = new byte[13];
ByteUtil.setThreeBytes(frame, 0, 4);
frame[3] = FrameType.WINDOW_UPDATE.getIdByte();
ByteUtil.set31Bits(frame, 9, increment);
socketWrapper.write(true, frame, 0, frame.length);
boolean needFlush = true;
// No need to send update from closed stream
if (stream instanceof Stream && ((Stream) stream).canWrite()) {
int streamIncrement = ((Stream) stream).getWindowUpdateSizeToWrite(increment);
if (streamIncrement > 0) {
if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
log.trace(sm.getString("upgradeHandler.windowUpdateStream", getConnectionId(), getIdAsString(),
Integer.valueOf(streamIncrement)));
}
// Re-use buffer as connection update has already been written
ByteUtil.set31Bits(frame, 5, stream.getIdAsInt());
ByteUtil.set31Bits(frame, 9, streamIncrement);
try {
socketWrapper.write(true, frame, 0, frame.length);
socketWrapper.flush(true);
needFlush = false;
} catch (IOException ioe) {
if (applicationInitiated) {
handleAppInitiatedIOException(ioe);
} else {
throw ioe;
}
}
}
}
if (needFlush) {
socketWrapper.flush(true);
}
} finally {
socketWrapper.getLock().unlock();
}
}
protected void processWrites() throws IOException {
Lock lock = socketWrapper.getLock();
lock.lock();
try {
if (socketWrapper.flush(false)) {
socketWrapper.registerWriteInterest();
} else {
// Only send a ping if there is no other data waiting to be sent.
// Ping manager will ensure they aren't sent too frequently.
pingManager.sendPing(false);
}
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
/*
* Requesting an allocation from the connection window for the specified stream.
*/
int reserveWindowSize(Stream stream, int reservation, boolean block) throws IOException {
/*
* Need to be holding the stream lock so releaseBacklog() can't notify this thread until after this thread
* enters wait().
*/
int allocation = 0;
stream.windowAllocationLock.lock();
try {
windowAllocationLock.lock();
try {
if (!stream.canWrite()) {
stream.doStreamCancel(
sm.getString("upgradeHandler.stream.notWritable", stream.getConnectionId(),
stream.getIdAsString(), stream.state.getCurrentStateName()),
Http2Error.STREAM_CLOSED);
}
long windowSize = getWindowSize();
if (stream.getConnectionAllocationMade() > 0) {
// The stream is/was in the backlog and has been granted an allocation - use it.
allocation = stream.getConnectionAllocationMade();
stream.setConnectionAllocationMade(0);
} else if (windowSize < 1) {
/*
* The connection window has no capacity. If the stream has not been granted an allocation, and the
* stream was not already added to the backlog due to an partial reservation (see next else if
* block) add it to the backlog so it can obtain an allocation when capacity is available.
*/
if (stream.getConnectionAllocationMade() == 0 && stream.getConnectionAllocationRequested() == 0) {
stream.setConnectionAllocationRequested(reservation);
backLogSize += reservation;
backLogStreams.add(stream);
}
} else if (windowSize < reservation) {
/*
* The connection window has some capacity but not enough to fill this reservation. Allocate what
* capacity is available and add the stream to the backlog so it can obtain a further allocation
* when capacity is available.
*/
allocation = (int) windowSize;
decrementWindowSize(allocation);
int reservationRemaining = reservation - allocation;
stream.setConnectionAllocationRequested(reservationRemaining);
backLogSize += reservationRemaining;
backLogStreams.add(stream);
} else {
// The connection window has sufficient capacity for this reservation. Allocate the full amount.
allocation = reservation;
decrementWindowSize(allocation);
}
} finally {
windowAllocationLock.unlock();
}
if (allocation == 0) {
if (block) {
try {
// Connection level window is empty. Although this
// request is for a stream, use the connection
// timeout
long writeTimeout = protocol.getWriteTimeout();
stream.waitForConnectionAllocation(writeTimeout);
// Has this stream been granted an allocation
if (stream.getConnectionAllocationMade() == 0) {
String msg;
Http2Error error;
if (stream.isActive()) {
if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
log.debug(sm.getString("upgradeHandler.noAllocation", connectionId,
stream.getIdAsString()));
}
// No allocation
// Close the connection. Do this first since
// closing the stream will raise an exception.
close();
msg = sm.getString("stream.writeTimeout");
error = Http2Error.ENHANCE_YOUR_CALM;
} else {
msg = sm.getString("upgradeHandler.clientCancel");
error = Http2Error.STREAM_CLOSED;
}
// Close the stream
// This thread is in application code so need
// to signal to the application that the
// stream is closing
stream.doStreamCancel(msg, error);
} else {
allocation = stream.getConnectionAllocationMade();
stream.setConnectionAllocationMade(0);
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
throw new IOException(sm.getString("upgradeHandler.windowSizeReservationInterrupted",
connectionId, stream.getIdAsString(), Integer.toString(reservation)), e);
}
} else {
stream.waitForConnectionAllocationNonBlocking();
return 0;
}
}
} finally {
stream.windowAllocationLock.unlock();
}
return allocation;
}
@Override
protected void incrementWindowSize(int increment) throws Http2Exception {
Set streamsToNotify = null;
windowAllocationLock.lock();
try {
long windowSize = getWindowSize();
if (windowSize < 1 && windowSize + increment > 0) {
// Connection window is exhausted. Assume there will be streams
// to notify. The overhead is minimal if there are none.
streamsToNotify = releaseBackLog((int) (windowSize + increment));
} else {
super.incrementWindowSize(increment);
}
} finally {
windowAllocationLock.unlock();
}
if (streamsToNotify != null) {
for (AbstractStream stream : streamsToNotify) {
if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
log.trace(sm.getString("upgradeHandler.releaseBacklog", connectionId, stream.getIdAsString()));
}
// There is never any O/P on stream zero but it is included in
// the backlog as it simplifies the code. Skip it if it appears
// here.
if (this == stream) {
continue;
}
((Stream) stream).notifyConnection();
}
}
}
/**
* Process send file (if supported) for the given stream. The appropriate request attributes should be set before
* calling this method.
*
* @param sendfileData The stream and associated data to process
*
* @return The result of the send file processing
*/
protected SendfileState processSendfile(SendfileData sendfileData) {
return SendfileState.DONE;
}
private Set releaseBackLog(int increment) throws Http2Exception {
windowAllocationLock.lock();
try {
Set result = new HashSet<>();
if (backLogSize < increment) {
// Can clear the whole backlog
for (AbstractStream stream : backLogStreams) {
if (stream.getConnectionAllocationRequested() > 0) {
stream.setConnectionAllocationMade(stream.getConnectionAllocationRequested());
stream.setConnectionAllocationRequested(0);
result.add(stream);
}
}
// Cast is safe due to test above
int remaining = increment - (int) backLogSize;
backLogSize = 0;
super.incrementWindowSize(remaining);
backLogStreams.clear();
} else {
// Can't clear the whole backlog.
// Need streams in priority order
Set orderedStreams = new ConcurrentSkipListSet<>(Comparator.comparingInt(Stream::getUrgency)
.thenComparing(Stream::getIncremental).thenComparing(Stream::getIdAsInt));
orderedStreams.addAll(backLogStreams);
// Iteration 1. Need to work out how much we can clear.
long urgencyWhereAllocationIsExhausted = 0;
long requestedAllocationForIncrementalStreams = 0;
int remaining = increment;
Iterator orderedStreamsIterator = orderedStreams.iterator();
while (orderedStreamsIterator.hasNext()) {
Stream s = orderedStreamsIterator.next();
if (urgencyWhereAllocationIsExhausted < s.getUrgency()) {
if (remaining < 1) {
break;
}
requestedAllocationForIncrementalStreams = 0;
}
urgencyWhereAllocationIsExhausted = s.getUrgency();
if (s.getIncremental()) {
requestedAllocationForIncrementalStreams += s.getConnectionAllocationRequested();
remaining -= s.getConnectionAllocationRequested();
} else {
remaining -= s.getConnectionAllocationRequested();
if (remaining < 1) {
break;
}
}
}
// Iteration 2. Allocate.
// Reset for second iteration
remaining = increment;
orderedStreamsIterator = orderedStreams.iterator();
while (orderedStreamsIterator.hasNext()) {
Stream s = orderedStreamsIterator.next();
if (s.getUrgency() < urgencyWhereAllocationIsExhausted) {
// Can fully allocate
remaining = allocate(s, remaining);
result.add(s);
orderedStreamsIterator.remove();
backLogStreams.remove(s);
} else if (requestedAllocationForIncrementalStreams == 0) {
// Allocation ran out in non-incremental streams so fully
// allocate in iterator order until allocation is exhausted
remaining = allocate(s, remaining);
result.add(s);
if (s.getConnectionAllocationRequested() == 0) {
// Fully allocated
orderedStreamsIterator.remove();
backLogStreams.remove(s);
}
if (remaining < 1) {
break;
}
} else {
// Allocation ran out in incremental streams. Distribute
// remaining allocation between the incremental streams at
// this urgency level.
if (s.getUrgency() != urgencyWhereAllocationIsExhausted) {
break;
}
int share = (int) (s.getConnectionAllocationRequested() * remaining /
requestedAllocationForIncrementalStreams);
if (share == 0) {
share = 1;
}
allocate(s, share);
result.add(s);
if (s.getConnectionAllocationRequested() == 0) {
// Fully allocated (unlikely but possible due to
// rounding if only a few bytes required).
orderedStreamsIterator.remove();
backLogStreams.remove(s);
}
}
}
}
return result;
} finally {
windowAllocationLock.unlock();
}
}
private int allocate(AbstractStream stream, int allocation) {
windowAllocationLock.lock();
try {
if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
log.trace(sm.getString("upgradeHandler.allocate.debug", getConnectionId(), stream.getIdAsString(),
Integer.toString(allocation)));
}
int leftToAllocate = allocation;
if (stream.getConnectionAllocationRequested() > 0) {
int allocatedThisTime;
if (allocation >= stream.getConnectionAllocationRequested()) {
allocatedThisTime = stream.getConnectionAllocationRequested();
} else {
allocatedThisTime = allocation;
}
stream.setConnectionAllocationRequested(stream.getConnectionAllocationRequested() - allocatedThisTime);
stream.setConnectionAllocationMade(stream.getConnectionAllocationMade() + allocatedThisTime);
leftToAllocate = leftToAllocate - allocatedThisTime;
}
if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
log.trace(sm.getString("upgradeHandler.allocate.left", getConnectionId(), stream.getIdAsString(),
Integer.toString(leftToAllocate)));
}
return leftToAllocate;
} finally {
windowAllocationLock.unlock();
}
}
Stream getStream(int streamId) {
Integer key = Integer.valueOf(streamId);
AbstractStream result = streams.get(key);
if (result instanceof Stream) {
return (Stream) result;
}
return null;
}
private Stream getStream(int streamId, boolean unknownIsError) throws ConnectionException {
Stream result = getStream(streamId);
if (result == null && unknownIsError) {
// Stream has been closed and removed from the map
throw new ConnectionException(sm.getString("upgradeHandler.stream.closed", Integer.toString(streamId)),
Http2Error.PROTOCOL_ERROR);
}
return result;
}
private AbstractNonZeroStream getAbstractNonZeroStream(int streamId) {
Integer key = Integer.valueOf(streamId);
return streams.get(key);
}
private AbstractNonZeroStream getAbstractNonZeroStream(int streamId, boolean unknownIsError)
throws ConnectionException {
AbstractNonZeroStream result = getAbstractNonZeroStream(streamId);
if (result == null && unknownIsError) {
// Stream has been closed and removed from the map
throw new ConnectionException(sm.getString("upgradeHandler.stream.closed", Integer.toString(streamId)),
Http2Error.PROTOCOL_ERROR);
}
return result;
}
private Stream createRemoteStream(int streamId) throws ConnectionException {
Integer key = Integer.valueOf(streamId);
if (streamId % 2 != 1) {
throw new ConnectionException(sm.getString("upgradeHandler.stream.even", key), Http2Error.PROTOCOL_ERROR);
}
pruneClosedStreams(streamId);
Stream result = new Stream(key, this);
streams.put(key, result);
return result;
}
private Stream createLocalStream(Request request) {
int streamId = nextLocalStreamId.getAndAdd(2);
Integer key = Integer.valueOf(streamId);
Stream result = new Stream(key, this, request);
streams.put(key, result);
return result;
}
private void close() {
ConnectionState previous = connectionState.getAndSet(ConnectionState.CLOSED);
if (previous == ConnectionState.CLOSED) {
// Already closed
return;
}
for (AbstractNonZeroStream stream : streams.values()) {
if (stream instanceof Stream) {
// The connection is closing. Close the associated streams as no
// longer required (also notifies any threads waiting for allocations).
((Stream) stream).receiveReset(Http2Error.CANCEL.getCode());
}
}
try {
socketWrapper.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
log.debug(sm.getString("upgradeHandler.socketCloseFailed"), e);
}
}
private void pruneClosedStreams(int streamId) {
// Only prune every 10 new streams
if (newStreamsSinceLastPrune < 9) {
// Not atomic. Increments may be lost. Not a problem.
newStreamsSinceLastPrune++;
return;
}
// Reset counter
newStreamsSinceLastPrune = 0;
// RFC 7540, 5.3.4 endpoints should maintain state for at least the
// maximum number of concurrent streams.
long max = localSettings.getMaxConcurrentStreams();
// Ideally need to retain information for a "significant" amount of time
// after sending END_STREAM (RFC 7540, page 20) so we detect potential
// connection error. 5x seems reasonable. The client will have had
// plenty of opportunity to process the END_STREAM if another 5x max
// concurrent streams have been processed.
max = max * 5;
if (max > Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
max = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
}
final int size = streams.size();
if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
log.trace(sm.getString("upgradeHandler.pruneStart", connectionId, Long.toString(max),
Integer.toString(size)));
}
int toClose = size - (int) max;
// Need to try and prune some streams. Prune streams starting with the
// oldest. Pruning stops as soon as enough streams have been pruned.
// Iterator is in key order.
for (AbstractNonZeroStream stream : streams.values()) {
if (toClose < 1) {
return;
}
if (stream instanceof Stream && ((Stream) stream).isActive()) {
continue;
}
streams.remove(stream.getIdentifier());
toClose--;
if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
log.trace(sm.getString("upgradeHandler.pruned", connectionId, stream.getIdAsString()));
}
}
if (toClose > 0) {
log.warn(sm.getString("upgradeHandler.pruneIncomplete", connectionId, Integer.toString(streamId),
Integer.toString(toClose)));
}
}
void push(Request request, Stream associatedStream) throws IOException {
if (localSettings.getMaxConcurrentStreams() < activeRemoteStreamCount.incrementAndGet()) {
// If there are too many open streams, simply ignore the push
// request.
setConnectionTimeoutForStreamCount(activeRemoteStreamCount.decrementAndGet());
return;
}
Stream pushStream;
/*
* Uses SocketWrapper lock since PUSH_PROMISE frames have to be sent in order. Once the stream has been created
* we need to ensure that the PUSH_PROMISE is sent before the next stream is created for a PUSH_PROMISE.
*/
Lock lock = socketWrapper.getLock();
lock.lock();
try {
pushStream = createLocalStream(request);
writeHeaders(associatedStream, pushStream.getIdAsInt(), request.getMimeHeaders(), false,
Constants.DEFAULT_HEADERS_FRAME_SIZE);
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
pushStream.sentPushPromise();
processStreamOnContainerThread(pushStream);
}
@Override
protected final String getConnectionId() {
return connectionId;
}
void reduceOverheadCount(FrameType frameType) {
// A non-overhead frame reduces the overhead count by
// Http2Protocol.DEFAULT_OVERHEAD_REDUCTION_FACTOR. A simple browser
// request is likely to have one non-overhead frame (HEADERS) and one
// overhead frame (REPRIORITISE). With the default settings the overhead
// count will reduce by 10 for each simple request.
// Requests and responses with bodies will create additional
// non-overhead frames, further reducing the overhead count.
updateOverheadCount(frameType, Http2Protocol.DEFAULT_OVERHEAD_REDUCTION_FACTOR);
}
@Override
public void increaseOverheadCount(FrameType frameType) {
// An overhead frame increases the overhead count by
// overheadCountFactor. By default, this means an overhead frame
// increases the overhead count by 10. A simple browser request is
// likely to have one non-overhead frame (HEADERS) and one overhead
// frame (REPRIORITISE). With the default settings the overhead count
// will reduce by 10 for each simple request.
updateOverheadCount(frameType, getProtocol().getOverheadCountFactor());
}
private void increaseOverheadCount(FrameType frameType, int increment) {
// Overhead frames that indicate inefficient (and potentially malicious)
// use of small frames trigger an increase that is inversely
// proportional to size. The default threshold for all three potential
// areas for abuse (HEADERS, DATA, WINDOW_UPDATE) is 1024 bytes. Frames
// with sizes smaller than this will trigger an increase of
// threshold/size.
// DATA and WINDOW_UPDATE take an average over the last two non-final
// frames to allow for client buffering schemes that can result in some
// small DATA payloads.
updateOverheadCount(frameType, increment);
}
private void updateOverheadCount(FrameType frameType, int increment) {
long newOverheadCount = overheadCount.addAndGet(increment);
if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
log.trace(sm.getString("upgradeHandler.overheadChange", connectionId, getIdAsString(), frameType.name(),
Long.valueOf(newOverheadCount)));
}
}
boolean isOverheadLimitExceeded() {
return overheadCount.get() > 0;
}
// ----------------------------------------------- Http2Parser.Input methods
@Override
public boolean fill(boolean block, byte[] data, int offset, int length) throws IOException {
int len = length;
int pos = offset;
boolean nextReadBlock = block;
int thisRead = 0;
while (len > 0) {
// Blocking reads use the protocol level read timeout. Non-blocking
// reads do not timeout. The intention is that once a frame has
// started to be read, the read timeout applies until it is
// completely read.
if (nextReadBlock) {
socketWrapper.setReadTimeout(protocol.getReadTimeout());
} else {
socketWrapper.setReadTimeout(-1);
}
thisRead = socketWrapper.read(nextReadBlock, data, pos, len);
if (thisRead == 0) {
if (nextReadBlock) {
// Should never happen
throw new IllegalStateException();
} else {
return false;
}
} else if (thisRead == -1) {
if (connectionState.get().isNewStreamAllowed()) {
throw new EOFException();
} else {
return false;
}
} else {
pos += thisRead;
len -= thisRead;
nextReadBlock = true;
}
}
return true;
}
@Override
public int getMaxFrameSize() {
return localSettings.getMaxFrameSize();
}
// ---------------------------------------------- Http2Parser.Output methods
@Override
public HpackDecoder getHpackDecoder() {
if (hpackDecoder == null) {
hpackDecoder = new HpackDecoder(localSettings.getHeaderTableSize());
}
return hpackDecoder;
}
@Override
public ByteBuffer startRequestBodyFrame(int streamId, int payloadSize, boolean endOfStream) throws Http2Exception {
// DATA frames reduce the overhead count ...
reduceOverheadCount(FrameType.DATA);
// .. but lots of small payloads are inefficient so that will increase
// the overhead count unless it is the final DATA frame where small
// payloads are expected.
// See also https://bz.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=63690
// The buffering behaviour of some clients means that small data frames
// are much more frequent (roughly 1 in 20) than expected. Use an
// average over two frames to avoid false positives.
if (!endOfStream) {
int overheadThreshold = protocol.getOverheadDataThreshold();
int average = (lastNonFinalDataPayload >> 1) + (payloadSize >> 1);
lastNonFinalDataPayload = payloadSize;
// Avoid division by zero
if (average == 0) {
average = 1;
}
if (average < overheadThreshold) {
increaseOverheadCount(FrameType.DATA, overheadThreshold / average);
}
}
AbstractNonZeroStream abstractNonZeroStream = getAbstractNonZeroStream(streamId, true);
abstractNonZeroStream.checkState(FrameType.DATA);
abstractNonZeroStream.receivedData(payloadSize);
ByteBuffer result = abstractNonZeroStream.getInputByteBuffer(true);
if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
log.trace(sm.getString("upgradeHandler.startRequestBodyFrame.result", getConnectionId(),
abstractNonZeroStream.getIdAsString(), result));
}
return result;
}
@Override
public void endRequestBodyFrame(int streamId, int dataLength) throws Http2Exception, IOException {
AbstractNonZeroStream abstractNonZeroStream = getAbstractNonZeroStream(streamId, true);
if (abstractNonZeroStream instanceof Stream) {
((Stream) abstractNonZeroStream).getInputBuffer().onDataAvailable();
} else {
// The Stream was recycled between the call in Http2Parser to
// startRequestBodyFrame() and the synchronized block that contains
// the call to this method. This means the bytes read will have been
// written to the original stream and, effectively, swallowed.
// Therefore, need to notify that those bytes were swallowed here.
if (dataLength > 0) {
onSwallowedDataFramePayload(streamId, dataLength);
}
}
}
@Override
public void onSwallowedDataFramePayload(int streamId, int swallowedDataBytesCount) throws IOException {
AbstractNonZeroStream abstractNonZeroStream = getAbstractNonZeroStream(streamId);
writeWindowUpdate(abstractNonZeroStream, swallowedDataBytesCount, false);
}
@Override
public HeaderEmitter headersStart(int streamId, boolean headersEndStream) throws Http2Exception, IOException {
// Check the pause state before processing headers since the pause state
// determines if a new stream is created or if this stream is ignored.
checkPauseState();
if (connectionState.get().isNewStreamAllowed()) {
Stream stream = getStream(streamId, false);
if (stream == null) {
stream = createRemoteStream(streamId);
activeRemoteStreamCount.incrementAndGet();
}
if (streamId < maxActiveRemoteStreamId) {
throw new ConnectionException(sm.getString("upgradeHandler.stream.old", Integer.valueOf(streamId),
Integer.valueOf(maxActiveRemoteStreamId)), Http2Error.PROTOCOL_ERROR);
}
stream.checkState(FrameType.HEADERS);
stream.receivedStartOfHeaders(headersEndStream);
closeIdleStreams(streamId);
return stream;
} else {
if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
log.trace(sm.getString("upgradeHandler.noNewStreams", connectionId, Integer.toString(streamId)));
}
reduceOverheadCount(FrameType.HEADERS);
// Stateless so a static can be used to save on GC
return HEADER_SINK;
}
}
private void closeIdleStreams(int newMaxActiveRemoteStreamId) {
final ConcurrentNavigableMap subMap = streams.subMap(
Integer.valueOf(maxActiveRemoteStreamId), false, Integer.valueOf(newMaxActiveRemoteStreamId), false);
for (AbstractNonZeroStream stream : subMap.values()) {
if (stream instanceof Stream) {
((Stream) stream).closeIfIdle();
}
}
maxActiveRemoteStreamId = newMaxActiveRemoteStreamId;
}
/**
* Unused - NO-OP.
*
* @param streamId Unused
* @param parentStreamId Unused
* @param exclusive Unused
* @param weight Unused
*
* @throws Http2Exception Never thrown
*
* @deprecated Unused. Will be removed in Tomcat 11 onwards.
*/
@Deprecated
public void reprioritise(int streamId, int parentStreamId, boolean exclusive, int weight) throws Http2Exception {
// NO-OP
}
@Override
public void headersContinue(int payloadSize, boolean endOfHeaders) {
// Generally, continuation frames don't impact the overhead count but if
// they are small and the frame isn't the final header frame then that
// is indicative of an abusive client
if (!endOfHeaders) {
int overheadThreshold = getProtocol().getOverheadContinuationThreshold();
if (payloadSize < overheadThreshold) {
if (payloadSize == 0) {
// Avoid division by zero
increaseOverheadCount(FrameType.HEADERS, overheadThreshold);
} else {
increaseOverheadCount(FrameType.HEADERS, overheadThreshold / payloadSize);
}
}
}
}
@Override
public void headersEnd(int streamId, boolean endOfStream) throws Http2Exception {
AbstractNonZeroStream abstractNonZeroStream =
getAbstractNonZeroStream(streamId, connectionState.get().isNewStreamAllowed());
if (abstractNonZeroStream instanceof Stream) {
boolean processStream = false;
setMaxProcessedStream(streamId);
Stream stream = (Stream) abstractNonZeroStream;
if (stream.isActive()) {
if (stream.receivedEndOfHeaders()) {
if (localSettings.getMaxConcurrentStreams() < activeRemoteStreamCount.get()) {
decrementActiveRemoteStreamCount(stream);
// Ignoring maxConcurrentStreams increases the overhead count
increaseOverheadCount(FrameType.HEADERS);
throw new StreamException(
sm.getString("upgradeHandler.tooManyRemoteStreams",
Long.toString(localSettings.getMaxConcurrentStreams())),
Http2Error.REFUSED_STREAM, streamId);
}
// Valid new stream reduces the overhead count
reduceOverheadCount(FrameType.HEADERS);
processStream = true;
}
}
/*
* Need to process end of stream before calling processStreamOnContainerThread to avoid a race condition
* where the container thread finishes before end of stream is processed, thinks the request hasn't been
* fully read so issues a RST with error code 0 (NO_ERROR) to tell the client not to send the request body,
* if any. This breaks tests and generates unnecessary RST messages for standard clients.
*/
if (endOfStream) {
receivedEndOfStream(stream);
}
if (processStream) {
processStreamOnContainerThread(stream);
}
}
}
@Override
public void receivedEndOfStream(int streamId) throws ConnectionException {
AbstractNonZeroStream abstractNonZeroStream =
getAbstractNonZeroStream(streamId, connectionState.get().isNewStreamAllowed());
if (abstractNonZeroStream instanceof Stream) {
Stream stream = (Stream) abstractNonZeroStream;
receivedEndOfStream(stream);
}
}
private void receivedEndOfStream(Stream stream) throws ConnectionException {
stream.receivedEndOfStream();
if (!stream.isActive()) {
decrementActiveRemoteStreamCount(stream);
}
}
private void setMaxProcessedStream(int streamId) {
if (maxProcessedStreamId < streamId) {
maxProcessedStreamId = streamId;
}
}
@Override
public void reset(int streamId, long errorCode) throws Http2Exception {
if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
log.trace(sm.getString("upgradeHandler.reset.receive", getConnectionId(), Integer.toString(streamId),
Long.toString(errorCode)));
}
increaseOverheadCount(FrameType.RST, getProtocol().getOverheadResetFactor());
AbstractNonZeroStream abstractNonZeroStream = getAbstractNonZeroStream(streamId, true);
abstractNonZeroStream.checkState(FrameType.RST);
if (abstractNonZeroStream instanceof Stream) {
Stream stream = (Stream) abstractNonZeroStream;
boolean active = stream.isActive();
stream.receiveReset(errorCode);
if (active) {
decrementActiveRemoteStreamCount(stream);
}
}
}
@Override
public void setting(Setting setting, long value) throws ConnectionException {
increaseOverheadCount(FrameType.SETTINGS);
// Possible with empty settings frame
if (setting == null) {
return;
}
// Special handling required
if (setting == Setting.INITIAL_WINDOW_SIZE) {
long oldValue = remoteSettings.getInitialWindowSize();
// Do this first in case new value is invalid
remoteSettings.set(setting, value);
int diff = (int) (value - oldValue);
for (AbstractNonZeroStream stream : streams.values()) {
try {
stream.incrementWindowSize(diff);
} catch (Http2Exception h2e) {
((Stream) stream).close(new StreamException(
sm.getString("upgradeHandler.windowSizeTooBig", connectionId, stream.getIdAsString()),
h2e.getError(), stream.getIdAsInt()));
}
}
} else if (setting == Setting.NO_RFC7540_PRIORITIES) {
// This should not be changed after the initial setting
if (value != ConnectionSettingsBase.DEFAULT_NO_RFC7540_PRIORITIES) {
throw new ConnectionException(sm.getString("upgradeHandler.enableRfc7450Priorities", connectionId),
Http2Error.PROTOCOL_ERROR);
}
} else {
remoteSettings.set(setting, value);
}
}
@Override
public void settingsEnd(boolean ack) throws IOException {
if (ack) {
if (!localSettings.ack()) {
// Ack was unexpected
log.warn(sm.getString("upgradeHandler.unexpectedAck", connectionId, getIdAsString()));
}
} else {
socketWrapper.getLock().lock();
try {
socketWrapper.write(true, SETTINGS_ACK, 0, SETTINGS_ACK.length);
socketWrapper.flush(true);
} finally {
socketWrapper.getLock().unlock();
}
}
}
@Override
public void pingReceive(byte[] payload, boolean ack) throws IOException {
if (!ack) {
increaseOverheadCount(FrameType.PING);
}
pingManager.receivePing(payload, ack);
}
@Override
public void goaway(int lastStreamId, long errorCode, String debugData) {
if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
log.trace(sm.getString("upgradeHandler.goaway.debug", connectionId, Integer.toString(lastStreamId),
Long.toHexString(errorCode), debugData));
}
close();
}
@Override
public void incrementWindowSize(int streamId, int increment) throws Http2Exception {
// See also https://bz.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=63690
// The buffering behaviour of some clients means that small data frames
// are much more frequent (roughly 1 in 20) than expected. Some clients
// issue a Window update for every DATA frame so a similar pattern may
// be observed. Use an average over two frames to avoid false positives.
int average = (lastWindowUpdate >> 1) + (increment >> 1);
int overheadThreshold = protocol.getOverheadWindowUpdateThreshold();
lastWindowUpdate = increment;
// Avoid division by zero
if (average == 0) {
average = 1;
}
if (streamId == 0) {
// Check for small increments which are inefficient
if (average < overheadThreshold) {
// The smaller the increment, the larger the overhead
increaseOverheadCount(FrameType.WINDOW_UPDATE, overheadThreshold / average);
}
incrementWindowSize(increment);
} else {
AbstractNonZeroStream stream = getAbstractNonZeroStream(streamId, true);
// Check for small increments which are inefficient
if (average < overheadThreshold) {
// For Streams, client might only release the minimum so check
// against current demand
if (increment < stream.getConnectionAllocationRequested()) {
// The smaller the increment, the larger the overhead
increaseOverheadCount(FrameType.WINDOW_UPDATE, overheadThreshold / average);
}
}
stream.checkState(FrameType.WINDOW_UPDATE);
stream.incrementWindowSize(increment);
}
}
@Override
public void priorityUpdate(int prioritizedStreamID, Priority p) throws Http2Exception {
increaseOverheadCount(FrameType.PRIORITY_UPDATE);
AbstractNonZeroStream abstractNonZeroStream = getAbstractNonZeroStream(prioritizedStreamID, true);
if (abstractNonZeroStream instanceof Stream) {
Stream stream = (Stream) abstractNonZeroStream;
stream.setUrgency(p.getUrgency());
stream.setIncremental(p.getIncremental());
}
}
@Override
public void onSwallowedUnknownFrame(int streamId, int frameTypeId, int flags, int size) throws IOException {
// NO-OP.
}
void replaceStream(AbstractNonZeroStream original, AbstractNonZeroStream replacement) {
AbstractNonZeroStream current = streams.get(original.getIdentifier());
// Only replace the stream if it currently uses the full implementation.
if (current instanceof Stream) {
streams.put(original.getIdentifier(), replacement);
}
}
public ServletConnection getServletConnection() {
if (socketWrapper.getSslSupport() == null) {
return socketWrapper.getServletConnection("h2c", "");
} else {
return socketWrapper.getServletConnection("h2", "");
}
}
protected class PingManager {
protected boolean initiateDisabled = false;
// 10 seconds
protected final long pingIntervalNano = 10000000000L;
protected int sequence = 0;
protected long lastPingNanoTime = Long.MIN_VALUE;
protected Queue inflightPings = new ConcurrentLinkedQueue<>();
protected Queue roundTripTimes = new ConcurrentLinkedQueue<>();
/**
* Check to see if a ping was sent recently and, if not, send one.
*
* @param force Send a ping, even if one was sent recently
*
* @throws IOException If an I/O issue prevents the ping from being sent
*/
public void sendPing(boolean force) throws IOException {
if (initiateDisabled) {
return;
}
long now = System.nanoTime();
if (force || now - lastPingNanoTime > pingIntervalNano) {
lastPingNanoTime = now;
byte[] payload = new byte[8];
socketWrapper.getLock().lock();
try {
int sentSequence = ++sequence;
PingRecord pingRecord = new PingRecord(sentSequence, now);
inflightPings.add(pingRecord);
ByteUtil.set31Bits(payload, 4, sentSequence);
socketWrapper.write(true, PING, 0, PING.length);
socketWrapper.write(true, payload, 0, payload.length);
socketWrapper.flush(true);
} finally {
socketWrapper.getLock().unlock();
}
}
}
public void receivePing(byte[] payload, boolean ack) throws IOException {
if (ack) {
// Extract the sequence from the payload
int receivedSequence = ByteUtil.get31Bits(payload, 4);
PingRecord pingRecord = inflightPings.poll();
while (pingRecord != null && pingRecord.getSequence() < receivedSequence) {
pingRecord = inflightPings.poll();
}
if (pingRecord == null) {
// Unexpected ACK. Log it.
} else {
long roundTripTime = System.nanoTime() - pingRecord.getSentNanoTime();
roundTripTimes.add(Long.valueOf(roundTripTime));
while (roundTripTimes.size() > 3) {
// Ignore the returned value as we just want to reduce
// the queue to 3 entries to use for the rolling average.
roundTripTimes.poll();
}
if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
log.trace(sm.getString("pingManager.roundTripTime", connectionId, Long.valueOf(roundTripTime)));
}
}
} else {
// Client originated ping. Echo it back.
socketWrapper.getLock().lock();
try {
socketWrapper.write(true, PING_ACK, 0, PING_ACK.length);
socketWrapper.write(true, payload, 0, payload.length);
socketWrapper.flush(true);
} finally {
socketWrapper.getLock().unlock();
}
}
}
public long getRoundTripTimeNano() {
return (long) roundTripTimes.stream().mapToLong(Long::longValue).average().orElse(0);
}
}
protected static class PingRecord {
private final int sequence;
private final long sentNanoTime;
public PingRecord(int sequence, long sentNanoTime) {
this.sequence = sequence;
this.sentNanoTime = sentNanoTime;
}
public int getSequence() {
return sequence;
}
public long getSentNanoTime() {
return sentNanoTime;
}
}
private enum ConnectionState {
NEW(true),
CONNECTED(true),
PAUSING(true),
PAUSED(false),
CLOSED(false);
private final boolean newStreamsAllowed;
ConnectionState(boolean newStreamsAllowed) {
this.newStreamsAllowed = newStreamsAllowed;
}
public boolean isNewStreamAllowed() {
return newStreamsAllowed;
}
}
protected interface HeaderFrameBuffers {
void startFrame();
void endFrame() throws IOException;
void endHeaders() throws IOException;
byte[] getHeader();
ByteBuffer getPayload();
void expandPayload();
}
private class DefaultHeaderFrameBuffers implements HeaderFrameBuffers {
private final byte[] header;
private ByteBuffer payload;
DefaultHeaderFrameBuffers(int initialPayloadSize) {
header = new byte[9];
payload = ByteBuffer.allocate(initialPayloadSize);
}
@Override
public void startFrame() {
// NO-OP
}
@Override
public void endFrame() throws IOException {
try {
socketWrapper.write(true, header, 0, header.length);
socketWrapper.write(true, payload);
socketWrapper.flush(true);
} catch (IOException ioe) {
handleAppInitiatedIOException(ioe);
}
payload.clear();
}
@Override
public void endHeaders() {
// NO-OP
}
@Override
public byte[] getHeader() {
return header;
}
@Override
public ByteBuffer getPayload() {
return payload;
}
@Override
public void expandPayload() {
payload = ByteBuffer.allocate(payload.capacity() * 2);
}
}
}
