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??aJ@?暮;0-REGTYPE-TEXT0100644000372000037200000007252410427623544012715 0ustar  tarfiletarfilePEP: 0
Title: Index of Python Enhancement Proposals (PEPs)
Version: Revision
Last-Modified: Date
Author: David Goodger ,
        Barry A. Warsaw 
Status: Active
Type: Informational
Created: 13-Jul-2000
Post-History:


Introduction

    The PEP contains the index of all Python Enhancement Proposals,
    known as PEPs.  PEP numbers are assigned by the PEP Editor, and
    once assigned are never changed.  The SVN history[1] of the PEP
    texts represent their historical record.

    The BDFL maintains his own Pronouncements page[2] at
    http://www.python.org/doc/essays/pepparade.html which contains his
    musings on the various outstanding PEPs.


Index by Category

     num  title                                        owner
     ---  -----                                        -----

 Meta-PEPs (PEPs about PEPs or Process)

 I     0  Index of Python Enhancement Proposals        Goodger, Warsaw
 P     1  PEP Purpose and Guidelines                   Warsaw, Hylton, Goodger
 I     2  Procedure for Adding New Modules             Faassen
 I     3  Guidelines for Handling Bug Reports          Hylton
 I     4  Deprecation of Standard Modules              von Loewis
 I     5  Guidelines for Language Evolution            Prescod
 P     6  Bug Fix Releases                             Aahz
 I     7  Style Guide for C Code                       GvR
 I     8  Style Guide for Python Code                  GvR, Warsaw
 I     9  Sample Plaintext PEP Template                Warsaw
 I    10  Voting Guidelines                            Warsaw
 I    11  Removing support for little used platforms   von Loewis
 I    12  Sample reStructuredText PEP Template         Goodger, Warsaw
 P   347  Migrating the Python CVS to Subversion       von Löwis
 P  3000  Python 3000                                  GvR
 P  3001  Reviewing and improving stdlib modules       Brandl
 P  3002  Procedure for Backwards-Incompatible Changes Bethard
 I  3099  Things that will Not Change in Python 3000   Brandl

 Other Informational PEPs

 I    20  The Zen of Python                            Peters
 I    42  Feature Requests                             Hylton
 I   101  Doing Python Releases 101                    Warsaw, GvR
 I   102  Doing Python Micro Releases                  Baxter, Warsaw, GvR
 IF  247  API for Cryptographic Hash Functions         Kuchling
 IF  248  Python Database API Specification v1.0       Lemburg
 IF  249  Python Database API Specification v2.0       Lemburg
 I   257  Docstring Conventions                        Goodger, GvR
 IF  272  API for Block Encryption Algorithms v1.0     Kuchling
 I   290  Code Migration and Modernization             Hettinger
 I   291  Backward Compatibility for Standard Library  Norwitz
 I   306  How to Change Python's Grammar               Hudson
 I   333  Python Web Server Gateway Interface v1.0     Eby
 I   339  Design of the CPython Compiler               Cannon
 I   356  Python 2.5 Release Schedule                  Norwitz, et al
 I  3100  Python 3.0 Plans                             Kuchling, Cannon

 Accepted PEPs (accepted; may not be implemented yet)

 SA  328  Imports: Multi-Line and Absolute/Relative    Aahz

 Open PEPs (under consideration)

 S   209  Adding Multidimensional Arrays               Barrett, Oliphant
 S   228  Reworking Python's Numeric Model             Zadka, GvR
 S   237  Unifying Long Integers and Integers          Zadka, GvR
 S   243  Module Repository Upload Mechanism           Reifschneider
 S   256  Docstring Processing System Framework        Goodger
 S   258  Docutils Design Specification                Goodger
 S   266  Optimizing Global Variable/Attribute Access  Montanaro
 S   267  Optimized Access to Module Namespaces        Hylton
 S   268  Extended HTTP functionality and WebDAV       Stein
 S   275  Switching on Multiple Values                 Lemburg
 S   280  Optimizing access to globals                 GvR
 S   286  Enhanced Argument Tuples                     von Loewis
 I   287  reStructuredText Docstring Format            Goodger
 S   297  Support for System Upgrades                  Lemburg
 S   298  The Locked Buffer Interface                  Heller
 S   302  New Import Hooks                             JvR, Moore
 S   304  Controlling Generation of Bytecode Files     Montanaro
 S   314  Metadata for Python Software Packages v1.1   Kuchling, Jones
 S   321  Date/Time Parsing and Formatting             Kuchling
 S   323  Copyable Iterators                           Martelli
 S   331  Locale-Independent Float/String Conversions  Reis
 S   334  Simple Coroutines via SuspendIteration       Evans
 S   335  Overloadable Boolean Operators               Ewing
 S   337  Logging Usage in the Standard Library        Dubner
 S   344  Exception Chaining and Embedded Tracebacks   Yee
 S   345  Metadata for Python Software Packages 1.2    Jones
 I   350  Codetags                                     Elliott
 S   354  Enumerations in Python                       Finney
 S   355  Path - Object oriented filesystem paths      Lindqvist
 S   358  The "bytes" Object                           Schemenauer
 S   359  The "make" Statement                         Bethard
 S   754  IEEE 754 Floating Point Special Values       Warnes

 Finished PEPs (done, implemented in Subversion)

 SF  100  Python Unicode Integration                   Lemburg
 IF  160  Python 1.6 Release Schedule                  Drake
 IF  200  Python 2.0 Release Schedule                  Hylton
 SF  201  Lockstep Iteration                           Warsaw
 SF  202  List Comprehensions                          Warsaw
 SF  203  Augmented Assignments                        Wouters
 S   205  Weak References                              Drake
 SF  207  Rich Comparisons                             GvR, Ascher
 SF  208  Reworking the Coercion Model                 Schemenauer, Lemburg
 SF  214  Extended Print Statement                     Warsaw
 SF  217  Display Hook for Interactive Use             Zadka
 SF  218  Adding a Built-In Set Object Type            Wilson, Hettinger
 SF  221  Import As                                    Wouters
 SF  223  Change the Meaning of \x Escapes             Peters
 I   226  Python 2.1 Release Schedule                  Hylton
 S   227  Statically Nested Scopes                     Hylton
 SF  229  Using Distutils to Build Python              Kuchling
 SF  230  Warning Framework                            GvR
 SF  232  Function Attributes                          Warsaw
 SF  234  Iterators                                    Yee, GvR
 SF  235  Import on Case-Insensitive Platforms         Peters
 SF  236  Back to the __future__                       Peters
 SF  238  Changing the Division Operator               Zadka, GvR
 SF  241  Metadata for Python Software Packages        Kuchling
 SF  250  Using site-packages on Windows               Moore
 IF  251  Python 2.2 Release Schedule                  Warsaw, GvR
 SF  252  Making Types Look More Like Classes          GvR
 SF  253  Subtyping Built-in Types                     GvR
 SF  255  Simple Generators                            Schemenauer, et al
 SF  260  Simplify xrange()                            GvR
 SF  261  Support for "wide" Unicode characters        Prescod
 SF  263  Defining Python Source Code Encodings        Lemburg
 SF  264  Future statements in simulated shells        Hudson
 SF  273  Import Modules from Zip Archives             Ahlstrom
 SF  277  Unicode file name support for Windows NT     Hodgson
 SF  278  Universal Newline Support                    Jansen
 SF  279  The enumerate() built-in function            Hettinger
 SF  282  A Logging System                             Sajip, Mick
 IF  283  Python 2.3 Release Schedule                  GvR
 SF  285  Adding a bool type                           GvR
 SF  289  Generator Expressions                        Hettinger
 SF  292  Simpler String Substitutions                 Warsaw
 SF  293  Codec Error Handling Callbacks               Dörwald
 SF  301  Package Index and Metadata for Distutils     Jones
 SF  305  CSV File API                                 Montanaro, et al
 SF  307  Extensions to the pickle protocol            GvR, Peters
 SF  308  Conditional Expressions                      GvR, Hettinger
 SF  309  Partial Function Application                 Harris
 SF  311  Simplified GIL Acquisition for Extensions    Hammond
 SF  318  Decorators for Functions and Methods         Smith, et al
 IF  320  Python 2.4 Release Schedule                  Warsaw, et al
 SF  322  Reverse Iteration                            Hettinger
 SF  324  subprocess - New process module              Astrand
 SF  327  Decimal Data Type                            Batista
 SF  338  Executing Modules as Scripts                 Coghlan
 SF  341  Unifying try-except and try-finally          Brandl
 SF  342  Coroutines via Enhanced Generators           GvR, Eby
 SF  343  The "with" Statement                         GvR, Coghlan
 SF  352  Required Superclass for Exceptions           GvR, Cannon
 SF  353  Using ssize_t as the index type              von Loewis
 SF  357  Allowing Any Object to be Used for Slicing   Oliphant

 Empty PEPs (or containing only an abstract)

 SD  210  Decoupling the Interpreter Loop              Ascher
 ID  220  Coroutines, Generators, Continuations        McMillan

 Deferred, Abandoned, Withdrawn, and Rejected PEPs

 SR  204  Range Literals                               Wouters
 IR  206  Python Advanced Library                      Kuchling
 SD  211  Adding A New Outer Product Operator          Wilson
 SD  212  Loop Counter Iteration                       Schneider-Kamp
 SD  213  Attribute Access Handlers                    Prescod
 SR  215  String Interpolation                         Yee
 IR  216  Docstring Format                             Zadka
 SD  219  Stackless Python                             McMillan
 SD  222  Web Library Enhancements                     Kuchling
 SR  224  Attribute Docstrings                         Lemburg
 SD  225  Elementwise/Objectwise Operators             Zhu, Lielens
 SR  231  __findattr__()                               Warsaw
 SD  233  Python Online Help                           Prescod
 SR  239  Adding a Rational Type to Python             Craig, Zadka
 SR  240  Adding a Rational Literal to Python          Craig, Zadka
 SR  242  Numeric Kinds                                Dubois
 SR  244  The `directive' Statement                    von Loewis
 SR  245  Python Interface Syntax                      Pelletier
 SR  246  Object Adaptation                            Evans
 SR  254  Making Classes Look More Like Types          GvR
 SR  259  Omit printing newline after newline          GvR
 SD  262  Database of Installed Python Packages        Kuchling
 SR  265  Sorting Dictionaries by Value                Griffin
 SD  269  Pgen Module for Python                       Riehl
 SR  270  uniq method for list objects                 Petrone
 SR  271  Prefixing sys.path by command line option    Giacometti
 SR  274  Dict Comprehensions                          Warsaw
 SR  276  Simple Iterator for ints                     Althoff
 SR  281  Loop Counter Iteration with range and xrange Hetland
 SR  284  Integer for-loops                            Eppstein, Ewing
 SR  288  Generators Attributes and Exceptions         Hettinger
 SR  294  Type Names in the types Module               Tirosh
 SR  295  Interpretation of multiline string constants Koltsov
 SR  296  Adding a bytes Object Type                   Gilbert
 SR  299  Special __main__() function in modules       Epler
 SR  303  Extend divmod() for Multiple Divisors        Bellman
 SR  310  Reliable Acquisition/Release Pairs           Hudson, Moore
 SD  312  Simple Implicit Lambda                       Suzi, Martelli
 SR  313  Adding Roman Numeral Literals to Python      Meyer
 SD  315  Enhanced While Loop                          Carroll, Hettinger
 SD  316  Programming by Contract for Python           Way
 SR  317  Eliminate Implicit Exception Instantiation   Taschuk
 SR  319  Python Synchronize/Asynchronize Block        Pelletier
 SR  325  Resource-Release Support for Generators      Pedroni
 SR  326  A Case for Top and Bottom Values             Carlson, Reedy
 SR  329  Treating Builtins as Constants in the Standard Library  Hettinger
 SR  330  Python Bytecode Verification                 Pelletier
 SR  332  Byte vectors and String/Unicode Unification  Montanaro
 SR  336  Make None Callable                           McClelland
 SR  340  Anonymous Block Statements                   GvR
 SR  346  User Defined ("with") Statements             Coghlan
 SR  348  Exception Reorganization for Python 3.0      Cannon
 SD  349  Allow str() to return unicode strings        Schemenauer
 SR  351  The freeze protocol                          Warsaw
 SR  666  Reject Foolish Indentation                   Creighton


Numerical Index

     num  title                                        owner
     ---  -----                                        -----
 I     0  Index of Python Enhancement Proposals        Goodger, Warsaw
 P     1  PEP Purpose and Guidelines                   Warsaw, Hylton, Goodger
 I     2  Procedure for Adding New Modules             Faassen
 I     3  Guidelines for Handling Bug Reports          Hylton
 I     4  Deprecation of Standard Modules              von Loewis
 I     5  Guidelines for Language Evolution            Prescod
 P     6  Bug Fix Releases                             Aahz
 I     7  Style Guide for C Code                       GvR
 I     8  Style Guide for Python Code                  GvR, Warsaw
 I     9  Sample Plaintext PEP Template                Warsaw
 I    10  Voting Guidelines                            Warsaw
 I    11  Removing support for little used platforms   von Loewis
 I    12  Sample reStructuredText PEP Template         Goodger, Warsaw
 I    20  The Zen of Python                            Peters
 I    42  Feature Requests                             Hylton

 SF  100  Python Unicode Integration                   Lemburg
 I   101  Doing Python Releases 101                    Warsaw, GvR
 I   102  Doing Python Micro Releases                  Baxter, Warsaw, GvR
 IF  160  Python 1.6 Release Schedule                  Drake

 IF  200  Python 2.0 Release Schedule                  Hylton
 SF  201  Lockstep Iteration                           Warsaw
 SF  202  List Comprehensions                          Warsaw
 SF  203  Augmented Assignments                        Wouters
 SR  204  Range Literals                               Wouters
 S   205  Weak References                              Drake
 IR  206  Python Advanced Library                      Kuchling
 SF  207  Rich Comparisons                             GvR, Ascher
 SF  208  Reworking the Coercion Model                 Schemenauer, Lemburg
 S   209  Adding Multidimensional Arrays               Barrett, Oliphant
 SD  210  Decoupling the Interpreter Loop              Ascher
 SD  211  Adding A New Outer Product Operator          Wilson
 SD  212  Loop Counter Iteration                       Schneider-Kamp
 SD  213  Attribute Access Handlers                    Prescod
 SF  214  Extended Print Statement                     Warsaw
 SR  215  String Interpolation                         Yee
 IR  216  Docstring Format                             Zadka
 SF  217  Display Hook for Interactive Use             Zadka
 SF  218  Adding a Built-In Set Object Type            Wilson, Hettinger
 SD  219  Stackless Python                             McMillan
 ID  220  Coroutines, Generators, Continuations        McMillan
 SF  221  Import As                                    Wouters
 SD  222  Web Library Enhancements                     Kuchling
 SF  223  Change the Meaning of \x Escapes             Peters
 SR  224  Attribute Docstrings                         Lemburg
 SD  225  Elementwise/Objectwise Operators             Zhu, Lielens
 I   226  Python 2.1 Release Schedule                  Hylton
 S   227  Statically Nested Scopes                     Hylton
 S   228  Reworking Python's Numeric Model             Zadka, GvR
 SF  229  Using Distutils to Build Python              Kuchling
 SF  230  Warning Framework                            GvR
 SR  231  __findattr__()                               Warsaw
 SF  232  Function Attributes                          Warsaw
 SD  233  Python Online Help                           Prescod
 SF  234  Iterators                                    Yee, GvR
 SF  235  Import on Case-Insensitive Platforms         Peters
 SF  236  Back to the __future__                       Peters
 S   237  Unifying Long Integers and Integers          Zadka, GvR
 SF  238  Changing the Division Operator               Zadka, GvR
 SR  239  Adding a Rational Type to Python             Craig, Zadka
 SR  240  Adding a Rational Literal to Python          Craig, Zadka
 SF  241  Metadata for Python Software Packages        Kuchling
 SR  242  Numeric Kinds                                Dubois
 S   243  Module Repository Upload Mechanism           Reifschneider
 SR  244  The `directive' Statement                    von Loewis
 SR  245  Python Interface Syntax                      Pelletier
 SR  246  Object Adaptation                            Evans
 IF  247  API for Cryptographic Hash Functions         Kuchling
 IF  248  Python Database API Specification v1.0       Lemburg
 IF  249  Python Database API Specification v2.0       Lemburg
 SF  250  Using site-packages on Windows               Moore
 IF  251  Python 2.2 Release Schedule                  Warsaw, GvR
 SF  252  Making Types Look More Like Classes          GvR
 SF  253  Subtyping Built-in Types                     GvR
 SR  254  Making Classes Look More Like Types          GvR
 SF  255  Simple Generators                            Schemenauer, et al
 S   256  Docstring Processing System Framework        Goodger
 I   257  Docstring Conventions                        Goodger, GvR
 S   258  Docutils Design Specification                Goodger
 SR  259  Omit printing newline after newline          GvR
 SF  260  Simplify xrange()                            GvR
 SF  261  Support for "wide" Unicode characters        Prescod
 SD  262  Database of Installed Python Packages        Kuchling
 SF  263  Defining Python Source Code Encodings        Lemburg
 SF  264  Future statements in simulated shells        Hudson
 SR  265  Sorting Dictionaries by Value                Griffin
 S   266  Optimizing Global Variable/Attribute Access  Montanaro
 S   267  Optimized Access to Module Namespaces        Hylton
 S   268  Extended HTTP functionality and WebDAV       Stein
 S   269  Pgen Module for Python                       Riehl
 SR  270  uniq method for list objects                 Petrone
 SR  271  Prefixing sys.path by command line option    Giacometti
 IF  272  API for Block Encryption Algorithms v1.0     Kuchling
 SF  273  Import Modules from Zip Archives             Ahlstrom
 SR  274  Dict Comprehensions                          Warsaw
 S   275  Switching on Multiple Values                 Lemburg
 SR  276  Simple Iterator for ints                     Althoff
 SF  277  Unicode file name support for Windows NT     Hodgson
 SF  278  Universal Newline Support                    Jansen
 SF  279  The enumerate() built-in function            Hettinger
 S   280  Optimizing access to globals                 GvR
 SR  281  Loop Counter Iteration with range and xrange Hetland
 SF  282  A Logging System                             Sajip, Mick
 IF  283  Python 2.3 Release Schedule                  GvR
 SR  284  Integer for-loops                            Eppstein, Ewing
 SF  285  Adding a bool type                           GvR
 S   286  Enhanced Argument Tuples                     von Loewis
 I   287  reStructuredText Docstring Format            Goodger
 SR  288  Generators Attributes and Exceptions         Hettinger
 SF  289  Generator Expressions                        Hettinger
 I   290  Code Migration and Modernization             Hettinger
 I   291  Backward Compatibility for Standard Library  Norwitz
 SF  292  Simpler String Substitutions                 Warsaw
 SF  293  Codec Error Handling Callbacks               Dörwald
 SR  294  Type Names in the types Module               Tirosh
 SR  295  Interpretation of multiline string constants Koltsov
 SR  296  Adding a bytes Object Type                   Gilbert
 S   297  Support for System Upgrades                  Lemburg
 S   298  The Locked Buffer Interface                  Heller
 SR  299  Special __main__() function in modules       Epler
 SF  301  Package Index and Metadata for Distutils     Jones
 S   302  New Import Hooks                             JvR, Moore
 SR  303  Extend divmod() for Multiple Divisors        Bellman
 S   304  Controlling Generation of Bytecode Files     Montanaro
 SF  305  CSV File API                                 Montanaro, et al
 I   306  How to Change Python's Grammar               Hudson
 SF  307  Extensions to the pickle protocol            GvR, Peters
 SF  308  Conditional Expressions                      GvR, Hettinger
 SF  309  Partial Function Application                 Harris
 SR  310  Reliable Acquisition/Release Pairs           Hudson, Moore
 SF  311  Simplified GIL Acquisition for Extensions    Hammond
 SD  312  Simple Implicit Lambda                       Suzi, Martelli
 SR  313  Adding Roman Numeral Literals to Python      Meyer
 S   314  Metadata for Python Software Packages v1.1   Kuchling, Jones
 SD  315  Enhanced While Loop                          Carroll, Hettinger
 SD  316  Programming by Contract for Python           Way
 SR  317  Eliminate Implicit Exception Instantiation   Taschuk
 SF  318  Decorators for Functions and Methods         Smith, et al
 SR  319  Python Synchronize/Asynchronize Block        Pelletier
 IF  320  Python 2.4 Release Schedule                  Warsaw, et al
 S   321  Date/Time Parsing and Formatting             Kuchling
 SF  322  Reverse Iteration                            Hettinger
 S   323  Copyable Iterators                           Martelli
 SF  324  subprocess - New POSIX process module        Astrand
 SR  325  Resource-Release Support for Generators      Pedroni
 SR  326  A Case for Top and Bottom Values             Carlson, Reedy
 SF  327  Decimal Data Type                            Batista
 SA  328  Imports: Multi-Line and Absolute/Relative    Aahz
 SR  329  Treating Builtins as Constants in the Standard Library  Hettinger
 SR  330  Python Bytecode Verification                 Pelletier
 S   331  Locale-Independent Float/String Conversions  Reis
 SR  332  Byte vectors and String/Unicode Unification  Montanaro
 I   333  Python Web Server Gateway Interface v1.0     Eby
 S   334  Simple Coroutines via SuspendIteration       Evans
 S   335  Overloadable Boolean Operators               Ewing
 SR  336  Make None Callable                           McClelland
 S   337  Logging Usage in the Standard Library        Dubner
 SF  338  Executing Modules as Scripts                 Coghlan
 I   339  Design of the CPython Compiler               Cannon
 SR  340  Anonymous Block Statements                   GvR
 SF  341  Unifying try-except and try-finally          Brandl
 SF  342  Coroutines via Enhanced Generators           GvR, Eby
 SF  343  Anonymous Block Redux and Generator Enhancements  GvR
 S   344  Exception Chaining and Embedded Tracebacks   Yee
 S   345  Metadata for Python Software Packages 1.2    Jones
 SR  346  User Defined ("with") Statements             Coghlan
 P   347  Migrating the Python CVS to Subversion       von Löwis
 SR  348  Exception Reorganization for Python 3.0      Cannon
 SD  349  Allow str() to return unicode strings        Schemenauer
 I   350  Codetags                                     Elliott
 SR  351  The freeze protocol                          Warsaw
 SF  352  Required Superclass for Exceptions           GvR, Cannon
 SA  353  Using ssize_t as the index type              von Loewis
 S   354  Enumerations in Python                       Finney
 S   355  Path - Object oriented filesystem paths      Lindqvist
 I   356  Python 2.5 Release Schedule                  Norwitz, et al
 SF  357  Allowing Any Object to be Used for Slicing   Oliphant
 S   358  The "bytes" Object                           Schemenauer
 S   359  The "make" Statement                         Bethard
 SR  666  Reject Foolish Indentation                   Creighton
 S   754  IEEE 754 Floating Point Special Values       Warnes
 P  3000  Python 3000                                  GvR
 P  3001  Reviewing and improving stdlib modules       Brandl
 P  3002  Procedure for Backwards-Incompatible Changes Bethard
 I  3099  Things that will Not Change in Python 3000   Brandl
 I  3100  Python 3.0 Plans                             Kuchling, Cannon


Key

    S - Standards Track PEP
    I - Informational PEP
    P - Process PEP

    A - Accepted proposal
    R - Rejected proposal
    D - Deferred proposal
    F - Final proposal


Owners

    name                     email address
    ----------------         -------------
    Aahz                     [email protected]
    Ahlstrom, James C.       [email protected]
    Althoff, Jim             [email protected]
    Altis, Kevin             [email protected]
    Ascher, David            [email protected]
    Astrand, Peter           [email protected]
    Barrett, Paul            [email protected]
    Batista, Facundo         [email protected]
    Baxter, Anthony          [email protected]
    Bellman, Thomas          [email protected]
    Bethard, Steven          [email protected]
    Brandl, Georg            [email protected]
    Cannon, Brett            [email protected]
    Carlson, Josiah          [email protected]
    Carroll, W Isaac         [email protected]
    Coghlan, Nick            [email protected]
    Cole, Dave               [email protected]
    Craig, Christopher       [email protected]
    Creighton, Laura         [email protected]
    Dörwald, Walter
    Drake, Fred              [email protected]
    Dubner, Michael P.       [email protected]
    Dubois, Paul F.          [email protected]
    Eby, Phillip J.          [email protected]
    Elliott, Micah           mde at tracos.org
    Epler, Jeff              [email protected]
    Eppstein, David          [email protected]
    Evans, Clark C.          [email protected]
    Ewing, Greg              [email protected]
    Faassen, Martijn         [email protected]
    Finney, Ben              [email protected]
    Giacometti, Frédéric B.  [email protected]
    Gilbert, Scott           xscottg at yahoo.com
    Goodger, David           [email protected]
    Griffin, Grant           [email protected]
    Hammond, Mark            [email protected]
    Harris, Peter            [email protected]
    Heller, Thomas           [email protected]
    Hetland, Magnus Lie      [email protected]
    Hettinger, Raymond D.    [email protected]
    Hodgson, Neil            [email protected]
    Hudson, Michael          [email protected]
    Hylton, Jeremy           [email protected]
    Jansen, Jack             [email protected]
    Jewett, Jim              [email protected]
    Jones, Richard           [email protected]
    Koltsov, Stepan          [email protected]
    Kuchling, A.M.           [email protected]
    Lemburg, Marc-Andre      [email protected]
    Lielens, Gregory         [email protected]
    Lindqvist, Björn         [email protected]
    von Loewis, Martin       [email protected]
    Martelli, Alex           [email protected]
    McClelland, Andrew       [email protected]
    McMillan, Gordon         [email protected]
    McNamara, Andrew         [email protected]
    Mick, Trent              [email protected]
    Meyer, Mike              [email protected]
    Montanaro, Skip          [email protected]
    Moore, Paul              [email protected]
    Norwitz, Neal            [email protected]
    Oliphant, Travis         [email protected]
    Pedroni, Samuele         [email protected]
    Pelletier, Michel        [email protected]
    Peters, Tim              [email protected]
    Petrone, Jason           [email protected]
    Prescod, Paul            [email protected]
    Reedy, Terry             [email protected]
    Reifschneider, Sean      [email protected]
    Reis, Christian R.       [email protected]
    Riehl, Jonathan          [email protected]
    van Rossum, Guido (GvR)  [email protected]
    van Rossum, Just (JvR)   [email protected]
    Sajip, Vinay             [email protected]
    Schemenauer, Neil        [email protected]
    Schneider-Kamp, Peter    [email protected]
    Smith, Kevin D.          [email protected]
    Stein, Greg              [email protected]
    Suzi, Roman              [email protected]
    Taschuk, Steven          [email protected]
    Tirosh, Oren             oren at hishome.net
    Warnes, Gregory R.       [email protected]
    Warsaw, Barry            [email protected]
    Way, Terence             [email protected]
    Wells, Cliff             [email protected]
    Wilson, Greg             [email protected]
    Wouters, Thomas          [email protected]
    Yee, Ka-Ping             [email protected]
    Zadka, Moshe             [email protected]
    Zhu, Huaiyu              [email protected]


References

    [1] View PEP history online
        http://svn.python.org/projects/peps/trunk/

    [2] The Benevolent Dictator For Life's Parade of PEPs
        http://www.python.org/doc/essays/pepparade.html



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0001750 0000144 00000015543 07606136617 0015427 0ustar00larsusers0000000 0000000 10721754101 10721754231 tarForeword for "Programming Python" (1st ed.)

As Python's creator, I'd like to say a few words about its origins, adding a
bit of personal philosophy.

Over six years ago, in December 1989, I was looking for a "hobby" programming
project that would keep me occupied during the week around Christmas. My office
(a government-run research lab in Amsterdam) would be closed, but I had a home
computer, and not much else on my hands. I decided to write an interpreter for
the new scripting language I had been thinking about lately: a descendant of
ABC that would appeal to Unix/C hackers. I chose Python as a working title for
the project, being in a slightly irreverent mood (and a big fan of Monty
Python's Flying Circus).

Today, I can safely say that Python has changed my life. I have moved to a
different continent. I spend my working days developing large systems in
Python, when I'm not hacking on Python or answering Python-related email. There
are Python T-shirts, workshops, mailing lists, a newsgroup, and now a book.
Frankly, my only unfulfilled wish is to have my picture on the front page of
the New York Times. But before I get carried away daydreaming, here are a few
tidbits from Python's past.

It all started with ABC, a wonderful teaching language that I had helped create
in the early eighties. It was an incredibly elegant and powerful language,
aimed at non-professional programmers. Despite all its elegance and power and
the availability of a free implementation, ABC never became popular in the
Unix/C world. I can only speculate about the reasons, but here's a likely one:
the difficulty of adding new "primitive" operations to ABC. It was a
monolithic, "closed system", with only the most basic I/O operations: read a
string from the console, write a string to the console. I decided not repeat
this mistake in Python.

Besides this intention, I had a number of other ideas for improvement over ABC,
and was eager to try them out. For instance, ABC's powerful data types turned
out to be less efficient than we hoped. There was too much emphasis on
theoretically optimal algorithms, and not enough tuning for common cases. I
also felt that some of ABC's features, aimed at novice programmers, were less
desirable for the (then!) intended audience of experienced Unix/C programmers.
For instance: ABC's ideosyncratic syntax (all uppercase keywords!); some
terminology (e.g. "how-to" instead of "procedure"); and the integrated
structured editor, which its users almost universally hated. Python would rely
more on the Unix infrastructure and conventions, without being Unix-bound. And
in fact, the first implementation was done on a Mac.

As it turned out, Python is remarkably free from many of the hang-ups of
conventional programming languages. This is perhaps due to my choice of
examples: besides ABC, my main influence was Modula-3. This is another language
with remarkable elegance and power, designed by a small, strong-willed team
(most of whom I had met during a summer internship at DEC's Systems Research
Center in Palo Alto). Imagine what Python would have looked like if I had
modelled it after the Unix shell and C instead! (Yes, I borrowed from C too,
but only its least controversial features, in my desire to please the Unix/C
audience.)

Any individual creation has its ideosyncracies, and occasionally its creator
has to justify these. Perhaps Python's most controversial feature is its use of
indentation for statement grouping, which derives directly from ABC. It is one
of the language's features that is dearest to my heart. It makes Python code
more readable in two ways. First, the use of indentation reduces visual clutter
and makes programs shorter, thus reducing the attention span needed to take in
a basic unit of code. Second, it allows the programmer less freedom in
formatting, thereby enabling a more uniform style, which makes it easier to
read someone else's code. (Compare, for instance, the three or four different
conventions for the placement of braces in C, each with strong proponents.)

This emphasis on readability is no accident. As an object-oriented language,
Python aims to encourage the creation of reusable code. Even if we all wrote
perfect documentation all of the time, code can hardly be considered reusable
if it's not readable. Many of Python's features, in addition to its use of
indentation, conspire to make Python code highly readable. This reflects the
philosophy of ABC, which was intended to teach programming in its purest form,
and therefore placed a high value on clarity.

Readability is often enhanced by reducing unnecessary variability. When
possible, there's a single, obvious way to code a particular construct. This
reduces the number of choices facing the programmer who is writing the code,
and increases the chance that will appear familiar to a second programmer
reading it. Yet another contribution to Python's readability is the choice to
use punctuation mostly in a conservative, conventional manner. Most operator
symbols are familiar to anyone with even a vague recollection of high school
math, and no new meanings have to be learned for comic strip curse characters
like @&$!.

I will gladly admit that Python is not the fastest running scripting language.
It is a good runner-up though. With ever-increasing hardware speed, the
accumulated running time of a program during its lifetime is often negligible
compared to the programmer time needed to write and debug it. This, of course,
is where the real savings can be made. While this is hard to assess
objectively, Python is considered a winner in coding time by most who have
tried it. In addition, many consider using Python a pleasure -- a better
recommendation is hard to imagine.

I am solely responsible for Python's strengths and shortcomings, even when some
of the code has been written by others. However, its success is the product of
a community, starting with the early adopters who picked it up when I first
published Python on the net, and who spread the word about it in their own
environment. They sent me their praise, criticism, feature requests, code
contributions, and personal revelations via email. They were willing to discuss
every aspect of Python in the mailing list that I soon set up, and educate me
or nudge me in the right direction where my initial intuition failed me. There
have been too many contributors to thank individually. I'll make one exception,
however: this book's author was one of Python's early adopters and evangelists.
With its publication, his longstanding wish (and mine!) of having a more
accessible description of Python than the standard set of manuals, is
fulfilled.

But enough rambling. I highly recommend this book to anyone interested in
learning Python, whether for personal improvement or as a career enhancement.
Take it away, Eric, the orchestra leader! (If you don't understand this last
sentence, you haven't watched enough Monty Python reruns.)

Guido van Rossum
Reston, VA, May 1996