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Twitter tools for researchers
package cc.twittertools.download;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Timer;
import java.util.TimerTask;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentSkipListMap;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
import java.util.zip.GZIPOutputStream;
import org.apache.commons.cli.CommandLine;
import org.apache.commons.cli.CommandLineParser;
import org.apache.commons.cli.GnuParser;
import org.apache.commons.cli.HelpFormatter;
import org.apache.commons.cli.OptionBuilder;
import org.apache.commons.cli.Options;
import org.apache.commons.cli.ParseException;
import org.apache.commons.lang.StringEscapeUtils;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
import com.google.gson.JsonObject;
import com.google.gson.JsonParser;
import com.google.gson.JsonSyntaxException;
import com.ning.http.client.AsyncCompletionHandler;
import com.ning.http.client.AsyncHttpClient;
import com.ning.http.client.AsyncHttpClientConfig;
import com.ning.http.client.HttpResponseHeaders;
import com.ning.http.client.HttpResponseStatus;
import com.ning.http.client.Response;
import com.ning.http.client.extra.ThrottleRequestFilter;
public class AsyncEmbeddedJsonStatusBlockCrawler {
private static final Logger LOG = Logger.getLogger(AsyncEmbeddedJsonStatusBlockCrawler.class);
public static final String JSON_START = "";
private static final int TWEET_BLOCK_SIZE = 500;
private static final int MAX_CONNECTIONS = 100;
private static final int CONNECTION_TIMEOUT = 10000;
private static final int IDLE_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT = 10000;
private static final int REQUEST_TIMEOUT = 10000;
private static final int MAX_RETRY_ATTEMPTS = 2;
private static final int WAIT_BEFORE_RETRY = 1000;
private static final Timer timer = new Timer(true);
private static final JsonParser JSON_PARSER = new JsonParser();
private static final Gson GSON = new Gson();
private final File file;
private final File output;
private final File repair;
private final AsyncHttpClient asyncHttpClient;
private final boolean noFollow;
// key = statud id, value = tweet JSON
private final ConcurrentSkipListMap crawl = new ConcurrentSkipListMap();
// key = statud id, value = data line
private final ConcurrentSkipListMap crawl_repair = new ConcurrentSkipListMap();
private final AtomicInteger connections = new AtomicInteger(0);
public AsyncEmbeddedJsonStatusBlockCrawler(File file, String output, String repair,
boolean noFollow) throws IOException {
this.file = Preconditions.checkNotNull(file);
this.noFollow = noFollow;
if (!file.exists()) {
throw new IOException(file + " does not exist!");
}
// check existence of output's parent directory
this.output = new File(Preconditions.checkNotNull(output));
File parent = this.output.getParentFile();
if (parent != null && !parent.exists()) {
throw new IOException(output + "'s parent directory does not exist!");
}
// check existence of repair's parent directory (or set to null if no
// repair file specified)
if (repair != null) {
this.repair = new File(repair);
parent = this.repair.getParentFile();
if (parent != null && !parent.exists()) {
throw new IOException(repair + "'s parent directory does not exist!");
}
} else {
this.repair = null;
}
AsyncHttpClientConfig config = new AsyncHttpClientConfig.Builder()
.addRequestFilter(new ThrottleRequestFilter(MAX_CONNECTIONS))
.setConnectionTimeoutInMs(CONNECTION_TIMEOUT)
.setIdleConnectionInPoolTimeoutInMs(IDLE_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT)
.setRequestTimeoutInMs(REQUEST_TIMEOUT).setMaxRequestRetry(0).build();
this.asyncHttpClient = new AsyncHttpClient(config);
}
public static String getUrl(long id, String username) {
Preconditions.checkNotNull(username);
return String.format("http://twitter.com/%s/status/%d", username, id);
}
public void fetch() throws IOException {
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
LOG.info("Processing " + file);
int cnt = 0;
BufferedReader data = null;
try {
data = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(file)));
String line;
while ((line = data.readLine()) != null) {
try {
String[] arr = line.split("\t");
long id = Long.parseLong(arr[0]);
String username = (arr.length > 1) ? arr[1] : "a";
String url = getUrl(id, username);
connections.incrementAndGet();
crawlURL(url, new TweetFetcherHandler(id, username, url, 0, !this.noFollow, line));
cnt++;
if (cnt % TWEET_BLOCK_SIZE == 0) {
LOG.info(cnt + " requests submitted");
}
} catch (NumberFormatException e) { // parseLong
continue;
}
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
data.close();
}
// Wait for the last requests to complete.
LOG.info("Waiting for remaining requests (" + connections.get() + ") to finish!");
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
if (connections.get() == 0) {
break;
}
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
asyncHttpClient.close();
long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
long duration = end - start;
LOG.info("Total request submitted: " + cnt);
LOG.info(crawl.size() + " tweets fetched in " + duration + "ms");
LOG.info("Writing tweets...");
int written = 0;
OutputStreamWriter out = new OutputStreamWriter(new GZIPOutputStream(
new FileOutputStream(output)), "UTF-8");
for (Map.Entry entry : crawl.entrySet()) {
written++;
out.write(entry.getValue() + "\n");
}
out.close();
LOG.info(written + " statuses written.");
if (this.repair != null) {
LOG.info("Writing repair data file...");
written = 0;
out = new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(repair), "UTF-8");
for (Map.Entry entry : crawl_repair.entrySet()) {
written++;
out.write(entry.getValue() + "\n");
}
out.close();
LOG.info(written + " statuses need repair.");
}
LOG.info("Done!");
}
private class TweetFetcherHandler extends AsyncCompletionHandler {
private final long id;
private final String username;
private final String url;
private final int numRetries;
private final boolean followRedirects;
private final String line;
private int httpStatus = -1;
public TweetFetcherHandler(long id, String username, String url, int numRetries,
boolean followRedirects, String line) {
this.id = id;
this.username = username;
this.url = url;
this.numRetries = numRetries;
this.followRedirects = followRedirects;
this.line = line;
}
public long getId() {
return id;
}
public String getLine() {
return line;
}
@Override
public STATE onStatusReceived(HttpResponseStatus responseStatus) throws Exception {
this.httpStatus = responseStatus.getStatusCode();
switch (this.httpStatus) {
case 404:
LOG.warn("Abandoning missing page: " + url);
connections.decrementAndGet();
return STATE.ABORT;
case 500:
retry();
return STATE.ABORT;
}
return super.onStatusReceived(responseStatus);
}
@Override
public STATE onHeadersReceived(HttpResponseHeaders headers) throws Exception {
switch (this.httpStatus) {
case 301:
case 302:
String redirect = headers.getHeaders().getFirstValue("Location");
if (redirect.contains("protected_redirect=true")) {
LOG.warn("Abandoning protected account: " + url);
connections.decrementAndGet();
} else if (redirect.contains("account/suspended")) {
LOG.warn("Abandoning suspended account: " + url);
connections.decrementAndGet();
} else if (redirect.contains("//status") || redirect.contains("login?redirect_after_login")) {
LOG.warn("Abandoning deleted account: " + url);
connections.decrementAndGet();
} else if (followRedirects) {
crawlURL(redirect, new TweetFetcherHandler(id, username, redirect, numRetries,
followRedirects, line));
} else {
LOG.warn("Abandoning redirect: " + url);
connections.decrementAndGet();
}
return STATE.ABORT;
}
return super.onHeadersReceived(headers);
}
@Override
public Response onCompleted(Response response) {
switch (this.httpStatus) {
case -1:
case 301:
case 302:
case 404:
case 500:
return response;
}
// extract embedded JSON
try {
String html = response.getResponseBody("UTF-8");
int jsonStart = html.indexOf(JSON_START);
int jsonEnd = html.indexOf(JSON_END, jsonStart + JSON_START.length());
if (jsonStart < 0 || jsonEnd < 0) {
LOG.warn("Unable to find embedded JSON: " + url);
retry();
return response;
}
String json = html.substring(jsonStart + JSON_START.length(), jsonEnd);
json = StringEscapeUtils.unescapeHtml(json);
JsonObject page = (JsonObject) JSON_PARSER.parse(json);
JsonObject status = page.getAsJsonObject("embedData").getAsJsonObject("status");
// save the requested id
status.addProperty("requested_id", new Long(id));
crawl.put(id, GSON.toJson(status));
connections.decrementAndGet();
return response;
} catch (IOException e) {
LOG.warn("Error (" + e + "): " + url);
retry();
return response;
} catch (JsonSyntaxException e) {
LOG.warn("Unable to parse embedded JSON: " + url);
retry();
return response;
} catch (NullPointerException e) {
LOG.warn("Unexpected format for embedded JSON: " + url);
retry();
return response;
}
}
@Override
public void onThrowable(Throwable t) {
retry();
}
private void retry() {
if (this.numRetries >= MAX_RETRY_ATTEMPTS) {
LOG.warn("Abandoning after max retry attempts: " + url);
crawl_repair.put(id, line);
connections.decrementAndGet();
return;
}
timer.schedule(new RetryTask(id, username, url, numRetries + 1, followRedirects),
WAIT_BEFORE_RETRY);
}
private class RetryTask extends TimerTask {
private final long id;
private final String username;
private final String url;
private final int numRetries;
private final boolean followRedirects;
public RetryTask(long id, String username, String url, int numRetries, boolean followRedirects) {
this.id = id;
this.username = username;
this.url = url;
this.numRetries = numRetries;
this.followRedirects = followRedirects;
}
public void run() {
crawlURL(url, new TweetFetcherHandler(id, username, url, numRetries, followRedirects, line));
}
}
}
private void crawlURL(String url, TweetFetcherHandler handler) {
try {
asyncHttpClient.prepareGet(url).addHeader("Accept-Charset", "utf-8")
.addHeader("Accept-Language", "en-US").execute(handler);
} catch (IOException e) {
LOG.warn("Abandoning due to error (" + e + "): " + url);
crawl_repair.put(handler.getId(), handler.getLine());
connections.decrementAndGet();
}
}
private static final String DATA_OPTION = "data";
private static final String OUTPUT_OPTION = "output";
private static final String REPAIR_OPTION = "repair";
private static final String NOFOLLOW_OPTION = "noFollow";
@SuppressWarnings("static-access")
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Options options = new Options();
options.addOption(OptionBuilder.withArgName("path").hasArg()
.withDescription("data file with tweet ids").create(DATA_OPTION));
options.addOption(OptionBuilder.withArgName("path").hasArg()
.withDescription("output file (*.gz)").create(OUTPUT_OPTION));
options.addOption(OptionBuilder.withArgName("path").hasArg()
.withDescription("output repair file (can be used later as a data file)")
.create(REPAIR_OPTION));
options.addOption(NOFOLLOW_OPTION, NOFOLLOW_OPTION, false, "don't follow 301 redirects");
CommandLine cmdline = null;
CommandLineParser parser = new GnuParser();
try {
cmdline = parser.parse(options, args);
} catch (ParseException exp) {
System.err.println("Error parsing command line: " + exp.getMessage());
System.exit(-1);
}
if (!cmdline.hasOption(DATA_OPTION) || !cmdline.hasOption(OUTPUT_OPTION)) {
HelpFormatter formatter = new HelpFormatter();
formatter.printHelp(AsyncEmbeddedJsonStatusBlockCrawler.class.getName(), options);
System.exit(-1);
}
String data = cmdline.getOptionValue(DATA_OPTION);
String output = cmdline.getOptionValue(OUTPUT_OPTION);
String repair = cmdline.getOptionValue(REPAIR_OPTION);
boolean noFollow = cmdline.hasOption(NOFOLLOW_OPTION);
new AsyncEmbeddedJsonStatusBlockCrawler(new File(data), output, repair, noFollow).fetch();
}
}
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