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/**
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
* or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
* distributed with this work for additional information
* regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
* to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
* "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
* with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.apache.hadoop.examples;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configured;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Reducer;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.util.Tool;
import org.apache.hadoop.util.ToolRunner;
import com.google.common.base.Charsets;
public class WordStandardDeviation extends Configured implements Tool {
private double stddev = 0;
private final static Text LENGTH = new Text("length");
private final static Text SQUARE = new Text("square");
private final static Text COUNT = new Text("count");
private final static LongWritable ONE = new LongWritable(1);
/**
* Maps words from line of text into 3 key-value pairs; one key-value pair for
* counting the word, one for counting its length, and one for counting the
* square of its length.
*/
public static class WordStandardDeviationMapper extends
Mapper {
private LongWritable wordLen = new LongWritable();
private LongWritable wordLenSq = new LongWritable();
/**
* Emits 3 key-value pairs for counting the word, its length, and the
* squares of its length. Outputs are (Text, LongWritable).
*
* @param value
* This will be a line of text coming in from our input file.
*/
public void map(Object key, Text value, Context context)
throws IOException, InterruptedException {
StringTokenizer itr = new StringTokenizer(value.toString());
while (itr.hasMoreTokens()) {
String string = itr.nextToken();
this.wordLen.set(string.length());
// the square of an integer is an integer...
this.wordLenSq.set((long) Math.pow(string.length(), 2.0));
context.write(LENGTH, this.wordLen);
context.write(SQUARE, this.wordLenSq);
context.write(COUNT, ONE);
}
}
}
/**
* Performs integer summation of all the values for each key.
*/
public static class WordStandardDeviationReducer extends
Reducer {
private LongWritable val = new LongWritable();
/**
* Sums all the individual values within the iterator and writes them to the
* same key.
*
* @param key
* This will be one of 2 constants: LENGTH_STR, COUNT_STR, or
* SQUARE_STR.
* @param values
* This will be an iterator of all the values associated with that
* key.
*/
public void reduce(Text key, Iterable values, Context context)
throws IOException, InterruptedException {
int sum = 0;
for (LongWritable value : values) {
sum += value.get();
}
val.set(sum);
context.write(key, val);
}
}
/**
* Reads the output file and parses the summation of lengths, the word count,
* and the lengths squared, to perform a quick calculation of the standard
* deviation.
*
* @param path
* The path to find the output file in. Set in main to the output
* directory.
* @throws IOException
* If it cannot access the output directory, we throw an exception.
*/
private double readAndCalcStdDev(Path path, Configuration conf)
throws IOException {
FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf);
Path file = new Path(path, "part-r-00000");
if (!fs.exists(file))
throw new IOException("Output not found!");
double stddev = 0;
BufferedReader br = null;
try {
br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(fs.open(file), Charsets.UTF_8));
long count = 0;
long length = 0;
long square = 0;
String line;
while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(line);
// grab type
String type = st.nextToken();
// differentiate
if (type.equals(COUNT.toString())) {
String countLit = st.nextToken();
count = Long.parseLong(countLit);
} else if (type.equals(LENGTH.toString())) {
String lengthLit = st.nextToken();
length = Long.parseLong(lengthLit);
} else if (type.equals(SQUARE.toString())) {
String squareLit = st.nextToken();
square = Long.parseLong(squareLit);
}
}
// average = total sum / number of elements;
double mean = (((double) length) / ((double) count));
// standard deviation = sqrt((sum(lengths ^ 2)/count) - (mean ^ 2))
mean = Math.pow(mean, 2.0);
double term = (((double) square / ((double) count)));
stddev = Math.sqrt((term - mean));
System.out.println("The standard deviation is: " + stddev);
} finally {
if (br != null) {
br.close();
}
}
return stddev;
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ToolRunner.run(new Configuration(), new WordStandardDeviation(),
args);
}
@Override
public int run(String[] args) throws Exception {
if (args.length != 2) {
System.err.println("Usage: wordstddev ");
return 0;
}
Configuration conf = getConf();
Job job = Job.getInstance(conf, "word stddev");
job.setJarByClass(WordStandardDeviation.class);
job.setMapperClass(WordStandardDeviationMapper.class);
job.setCombinerClass(WordStandardDeviationReducer.class);
job.setReducerClass(WordStandardDeviationReducer.class);
job.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
job.setOutputValueClass(LongWritable.class);
FileInputFormat.addInputPath(job, new Path(args[0]));
Path outputpath = new Path(args[1]);
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, outputpath);
boolean result = job.waitForCompletion(true);
// read output and calculate standard deviation
stddev = readAndCalcStdDev(outputpath, conf);
return (result ? 0 : 1);
}
public double getStandardDeviation() {
return stddev;
}
}