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Hutool是一个小而全的Java工具类库,通过静态方法封装,降低相关API的学习成本,提高工作效率,使Java拥有函数式语言般的优雅,让Java语言也可以“甜甜的”。

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package cn.hutool.core.net;

import cn.hutool.core.collection.CollUtil;
import cn.hutool.core.collection.EnumerationIter;
import cn.hutool.core.exceptions.UtilException;
import cn.hutool.core.io.IORuntimeException;
import cn.hutool.core.io.IoUtil;
import cn.hutool.core.lang.Filter;
import cn.hutool.core.util.JNDIUtil;
import cn.hutool.core.util.RandomUtil;
import cn.hutool.core.util.StrUtil;

import javax.naming.NamingException;
import javax.naming.directory.Attribute;
import javax.naming.directory.Attributes;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.net.*;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
import java.util.*;

/**
 * 网络相关工具
 *
 * @author looly
 */
public class NetUtil {

	/**
	 * 本地IPv4地址
	 */
	public final static String LOCAL_IP = Ipv4Util.LOCAL_IP;

	/**
	 * 本地主机名称
	 */
	public static String localhostName;

	/**
	 * 默认最小端口,1024
	 */
	public static final int PORT_RANGE_MIN = 1024;
	/**
	 * 默认最大端口,65535
	 */
	public static final int PORT_RANGE_MAX = 0xFFFF;

	/**
	 * 根据long值获取ip v4地址
	 *
	 * @param longIP IP的long表示形式
	 * @return IP V4 地址
	 * @see Ipv4Util#longToIpv4(long)
	 */
	public static String longToIpv4(long longIP) {
		return Ipv4Util.longToIpv4(longIP);
	}

	/**
	 * 根据ip地址计算出long型的数据
	 *
	 * @param strIP IP V4 地址
	 * @return long值
	 * @see Ipv4Util#ipv4ToLong(String)
	 */
	public static long ipv4ToLong(String strIP) {
		return Ipv4Util.ipv4ToLong(strIP);
	}

	/**
	 * 将IPv6地址字符串转为大整数
	 *
	 * @param ipv6Str 字符串
	 * @return 大整数, 如发生异常返回 null
	 * @since 5.5.7
	 * @deprecated 拼写错误,请使用{@link #ipv6ToBigInteger(String)}
	 */
	@Deprecated
	public static BigInteger ipv6ToBitInteger(String ipv6Str) {
		return ipv6ToBigInteger(ipv6Str);
	}

	/**
	 * 将IPv6地址字符串转为大整数
	 *
	 * @param ipv6Str 字符串
	 * @return 大整数, 如发生异常返回 null
	 * @since 5.5.7
	 */
	public static BigInteger ipv6ToBigInteger(String ipv6Str) {
		try {
			InetAddress address = InetAddress.getByName(ipv6Str);
			if (address instanceof Inet6Address) {
				return new BigInteger(1, address.getAddress());
			}
		} catch (UnknownHostException ignore) {
		}
		return null;
	}

	/**
	 * 将大整数转换成ipv6字符串
	 *
	 * @param bigInteger 大整数
	 * @return IPv6字符串, 如发生异常返回 null
	 * @since 5.5.7
	 */
	public static String bigIntegerToIPv6(BigInteger bigInteger) {
		try {
			return InetAddress.getByAddress(bigInteger.toByteArray()).toString().substring(1);
		} catch (UnknownHostException ignore) {
			return null;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 检测本地端口可用性
* 来自org.springframework.util.SocketUtils * * @param port 被检测的端口 * @return 是否可用 */ public static boolean isUsableLocalPort(int port) { if (false == isValidPort(port)) { // 给定的IP未在指定端口范围中 return false; } // issue#765@Github, 某些绑定非127.0.0.1的端口无法被检测到 try (ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(port)) { ss.setReuseAddress(true); } catch (IOException ignored) { return false; } try (DatagramSocket ds = new DatagramSocket(port)) { ds.setReuseAddress(true); } catch (IOException ignored) { return false; } return true; } /** * 是否为有效的端口
* 此方法并不检查端口是否被占用 * * @param port 端口号 * @return 是否有效 */ public static boolean isValidPort(int port) { // 有效端口是0~65535 return port >= 0 && port <= PORT_RANGE_MAX; } /** * 查找1024~65535范围内的可用端口
* 此方法只检测给定范围内的随机一个端口,检测65535-1024次
* 来自org.springframework.util.SocketUtils * * @return 可用的端口 * @since 4.5.4 */ public static int getUsableLocalPort() { return getUsableLocalPort(PORT_RANGE_MIN); } /** * 查找指定范围内的可用端口,最大值为65535
* 此方法只检测给定范围内的随机一个端口,检测65535-minPort次
* 来自org.springframework.util.SocketUtils * * @param minPort 端口最小值(包含) * @return 可用的端口 * @since 4.5.4 */ public static int getUsableLocalPort(int minPort) { return getUsableLocalPort(minPort, PORT_RANGE_MAX); } /** * 查找指定范围内的可用端口
* 此方法只检测给定范围内的随机一个端口,检测maxPort-minPort次
* 来自org.springframework.util.SocketUtils * * @param minPort 端口最小值(包含) * @param maxPort 端口最大值(包含) * @return 可用的端口 * @since 4.5.4 */ public static int getUsableLocalPort(int minPort, int maxPort) { final int maxPortExclude = maxPort + 1; int randomPort; for (int i = minPort; i < maxPortExclude; i++) { randomPort = RandomUtil.randomInt(minPort, maxPortExclude); if (isUsableLocalPort(randomPort)) { return randomPort; } } throw new UtilException("Could not find an available port in the range [{}, {}] after {} attempts", minPort, maxPort, maxPort - minPort); } /** * 获取多个本地可用端口
* 来自org.springframework.util.SocketUtils * * @param numRequested 尝试次数 * @param minPort 端口最小值(包含) * @param maxPort 端口最大值(包含) * @return 可用的端口 * @since 4.5.4 */ public static TreeSet getUsableLocalPorts(int numRequested, int minPort, int maxPort) { final TreeSet availablePorts = new TreeSet<>(); int attemptCount = 0; while ((++attemptCount <= numRequested + 100) && availablePorts.size() < numRequested) { availablePorts.add(getUsableLocalPort(minPort, maxPort)); } if (availablePorts.size() != numRequested) { throw new UtilException("Could not find {} available ports in the range [{}, {}]", numRequested, minPort, maxPort); } return availablePorts; } /** * 判定是否为内网IPv4
* 私有IP: *
	 * A类 10.0.0.0-10.255.255.255
	 * B类 172.16.0.0-172.31.255.255
	 * C类 192.168.0.0-192.168.255.255
	 * 
* 当然,还有127这个网段是环回地址 * * @param ipAddress IP地址 * @return 是否为内网IP * @see Ipv4Util#isInnerIP(String) */ public static boolean isInnerIP(String ipAddress) { return Ipv4Util.isInnerIP(ipAddress); } /** * 相对URL转换为绝对URL * * @param absoluteBasePath 基准路径,绝对 * @param relativePath 相对路径 * @return 绝对URL */ public static String toAbsoluteUrl(String absoluteBasePath, String relativePath) { try { URL absoluteUrl = new URL(absoluteBasePath); return new URL(absoluteUrl, relativePath).toString(); } catch (Exception e) { throw new UtilException(e, "To absolute url [{}] base [{}] error!", relativePath, absoluteBasePath); } } /** * 隐藏掉IP地址的最后一部分为 * 代替 * * @param ip IP地址 * @return 隐藏部分后的IP */ public static String hideIpPart(String ip) { return StrUtil.builder(ip.length()).append(ip, 0, ip.lastIndexOf(".") + 1).append("*").toString(); } /** * 隐藏掉IP地址的最后一部分为 * 代替 * * @param ip IP地址 * @return 隐藏部分后的IP */ public static String hideIpPart(long ip) { return hideIpPart(longToIpv4(ip)); } /** * 构建InetSocketAddress
* 当host中包含端口时(用“:”隔开),使用host中的端口,否则使用默认端口
* 给定host为空时使用本地host(127.0.0.1) * * @param host Host * @param defaultPort 默认端口 * @return InetSocketAddress */ public static InetSocketAddress buildInetSocketAddress(String host, int defaultPort) { if (StrUtil.isBlank(host)) { host = LOCAL_IP; } String destHost; int port; int index = host.indexOf(":"); if (index != -1) { // host:port形式 destHost = host.substring(0, index); port = Integer.parseInt(host.substring(index + 1)); } else { destHost = host; port = defaultPort; } return new InetSocketAddress(destHost, port); } /** * 通过域名得到IP * * @param hostName HOST * @return ip address or hostName if UnknownHostException */ public static String getIpByHost(String hostName) { try { return InetAddress.getByName(hostName).getHostAddress(); } catch (UnknownHostException e) { return hostName; } } /** * 获取指定名称的网卡信息 * * @param name 网络接口名,例如Linux下默认是eth0 * @return 网卡,未找到返回{@code null} * @since 5.0.7 */ public static NetworkInterface getNetworkInterface(String name) { Enumeration networkInterfaces; try { networkInterfaces = NetworkInterface.getNetworkInterfaces(); } catch (SocketException e) { return null; } NetworkInterface netInterface; while (networkInterfaces.hasMoreElements()) { netInterface = networkInterfaces.nextElement(); if (null != netInterface && name.equals(netInterface.getName())) { return netInterface; } } return null; } /** * 获取本机所有网卡 * * @return 所有网卡,异常返回{@code null} * @since 3.0.1 */ public static Collection getNetworkInterfaces() { Enumeration networkInterfaces; try { networkInterfaces = NetworkInterface.getNetworkInterfaces(); } catch (SocketException e) { return null; } return CollUtil.addAll(new ArrayList<>(), networkInterfaces); } /** * 获得本机的IPv4地址列表
* 返回的IP列表有序,按照系统设备顺序 * * @return IP地址列表 {@link LinkedHashSet} */ public static LinkedHashSet localIpv4s() { final LinkedHashSet localAddressList = localAddressList(t -> t instanceof Inet4Address); return toIpList(localAddressList); } /** * 获得本机的IPv6地址列表
* 返回的IP列表有序,按照系统设备顺序 * * @return IP地址列表 {@link LinkedHashSet} * @since 4.5.17 */ public static LinkedHashSet localIpv6s() { final LinkedHashSet localAddressList = localAddressList(t -> t instanceof Inet6Address); return toIpList(localAddressList); } /** * 地址列表转换为IP地址列表 * * @param addressList 地址{@link Inet4Address} 列表 * @return IP地址字符串列表 * @since 4.5.17 */ public static LinkedHashSet toIpList(Set addressList) { final LinkedHashSet ipSet = new LinkedHashSet<>(); for (InetAddress address : addressList) { ipSet.add(address.getHostAddress()); } return ipSet; } /** * 获得本机的IP地址列表(包括Ipv4和Ipv6)
* 返回的IP列表有序,按照系统设备顺序 * * @return IP地址列表 {@link LinkedHashSet} */ public static LinkedHashSet localIps() { final LinkedHashSet localAddressList = localAddressList(null); return toIpList(localAddressList); } /** * 获取所有满足过滤条件的本地IP地址对象 * * @param addressFilter 过滤器,null表示不过滤,获取所有地址 * @return 过滤后的地址对象列表 * @since 4.5.17 */ public static LinkedHashSet localAddressList(Filter addressFilter) { return localAddressList(null, addressFilter); } /** * 获取所有满足过滤条件的本地IP地址对象 * * @param addressFilter 过滤器,null表示不过滤,获取所有地址 * @param networkInterfaceFilter 过滤器,null表示不过滤,获取所有网卡 * @return 过滤后的地址对象列表 */ public static LinkedHashSet localAddressList(Filter networkInterfaceFilter, Filter addressFilter) { Enumeration networkInterfaces; try { networkInterfaces = NetworkInterface.getNetworkInterfaces(); } catch (SocketException e) { throw new UtilException(e); } if (networkInterfaces == null) { throw new UtilException("Get network interface error!"); } final LinkedHashSet ipSet = new LinkedHashSet<>(); while (networkInterfaces.hasMoreElements()) { final NetworkInterface networkInterface = networkInterfaces.nextElement(); if (networkInterfaceFilter != null && false == networkInterfaceFilter.accept(networkInterface)) { continue; } final Enumeration inetAddresses = networkInterface.getInetAddresses(); while (inetAddresses.hasMoreElements()) { final InetAddress inetAddress = inetAddresses.nextElement(); if (inetAddress != null && (null == addressFilter || addressFilter.accept(inetAddress))) { ipSet.add(inetAddress); } } } return ipSet; } /** * 获取本机网卡IP地址,这个地址为所有网卡中非回路地址的第一个
* 如果获取失败调用 {@link InetAddress#getLocalHost()}方法获取。
* 此方法不会抛出异常,获取失败将返回{@code null}
*

* 参考:http://stackoverflow.com/questions/9481865/getting-the-ip-address-of-the-current-machine-using-java * * @return 本机网卡IP地址,获取失败返回{@code null} * @since 3.0.7 */ public static String getLocalhostStr() { InetAddress localhost = getLocalhost(); if (null != localhost) { return localhost.getHostAddress(); } return null; } /** * 获取本机网卡IP地址,规则如下: * *

	 * 1. 查找所有网卡地址,必须非回路(loopback)地址、非局域网地址(siteLocal)、IPv4地址
	 * 2. 如果无满足要求的地址,调用 {@link InetAddress#getLocalHost()} 获取地址
	 * 
*

* 此方法不会抛出异常,获取失败将返回{@code null}
*

* 见:https://github.com/dromara/hutool/issues/428 * * @return 本机网卡IP地址,获取失败返回{@code null} * @since 3.0.1 */ public static InetAddress getLocalhost() { final LinkedHashSet localAddressList = localAddressList(address -> { // 非loopback地址,指127.*.*.*的地址 return false == address.isLoopbackAddress() // 需为IPV4地址 && address instanceof Inet4Address; }); if (CollUtil.isNotEmpty(localAddressList)) { InetAddress address2 = null; for (InetAddress inetAddress : localAddressList) { if (false == inetAddress.isSiteLocalAddress()) { // 非地区本地地址,指10.0.0.0 ~ 10.255.255.255、172.16.0.0 ~ 172.31.255.255、192.168.0.0 ~ 192.168.255.255 return inetAddress; } else if (null == address2) { address2 = inetAddress; } } if (null != address2) { return address2; } } try { return InetAddress.getLocalHost(); } catch (UnknownHostException e) { // ignore } return null; } /** * 获得本机MAC地址 * * @return 本机MAC地址 */ public static String getLocalMacAddress() { return getMacAddress(getLocalhost()); } /** * 获得指定地址信息中的MAC地址,使用分隔符“-” * * @param inetAddress {@link InetAddress} * @return MAC地址,用-分隔 */ public static String getMacAddress(InetAddress inetAddress) { return getMacAddress(inetAddress, "-"); } /** * 获得指定地址信息中的MAC地址 * * @param inetAddress {@link InetAddress} * @param separator 分隔符,推荐使用“-”或者“:” * @return MAC地址,用-分隔 */ public static String getMacAddress(InetAddress inetAddress, String separator) { if (null == inetAddress) { return null; } final byte[] mac = getHardwareAddress(inetAddress); if (null != mac) { final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); String s; for (int i = 0; i < mac.length; i++) { if (i != 0) { sb.append(separator); } // 字节转换为整数 s = Integer.toHexString(mac[i] & 0xFF); sb.append(s.length() == 1 ? 0 + s : s); } return sb.toString(); } return null; } /** * 获得指定地址信息中的硬件地址 * * @param inetAddress {@link InetAddress} * @return 硬件地址 * @since 5.7.3 */ public static byte[] getHardwareAddress(InetAddress inetAddress) { if (null == inetAddress) { return null; } try { final NetworkInterface networkInterface = NetworkInterface.getByInetAddress(inetAddress); if (null != networkInterface) { return networkInterface.getHardwareAddress(); } } catch (SocketException e) { throw new UtilException(e); } return null; } /** * 获得本机物理地址 * * @return 本机物理地址 * @since 5.7.3 */ public static byte[] getLocalHardwareAddress() { return getHardwareAddress(getLocalhost()); } /** * 获取主机名称,一次获取会缓存名称
* 注意此方法会触发反向DNS解析,导致阻塞,阻塞时间取决于网络! * * @return 主机名称 * @since 5.4.4 */ public static String getLocalHostName() { if (StrUtil.isNotBlank(localhostName)) { return localhostName; } final InetAddress localhost = getLocalhost(); if (null != localhost) { String name = localhost.getHostName(); if (StrUtil.isEmpty(name)) { name = localhost.getHostAddress(); } localhostName = name; } return localhostName; } /** * 创建 {@link InetSocketAddress} * * @param host 域名或IP地址,空表示任意地址 * @param port 端口,0表示系统分配临时端口 * @return {@link InetSocketAddress} * @since 3.3.0 */ public static InetSocketAddress createAddress(String host, int port) { if (StrUtil.isBlank(host)) { return new InetSocketAddress(port); } return new InetSocketAddress(host, port); } /** * 简易的使用Socket发送数据 * * @param host Server主机 * @param port Server端口 * @param isBlock 是否阻塞方式 * @param data 需要发送的数据 * @throws IORuntimeException IO异常 * @since 3.3.0 */ public static void netCat(String host, int port, boolean isBlock, ByteBuffer data) throws IORuntimeException { try (SocketChannel channel = SocketChannel.open(createAddress(host, port))) { channel.configureBlocking(isBlock); channel.write(data); } catch (IOException e) { throw new IORuntimeException(e); } } /** * 使用普通Socket发送数据 * * @param host Server主机 * @param port Server端口 * @param data 数据 * @throws IORuntimeException IO异常 * @since 3.3.0 */ public static void netCat(String host, int port, byte[] data) throws IORuntimeException { OutputStream out = null; try (Socket socket = new Socket(host, port)) { out = socket.getOutputStream(); out.write(data); out.flush(); } catch (IOException e) { throw new IORuntimeException(e); } finally { IoUtil.close(out); } } /** * 是否在CIDR规则配置范围内
* 方法来自:【成都】小邓 * * @param ip 需要验证的IP * @param cidr CIDR规则 * @return 是否在范围内 * @since 4.0.6 */ public static boolean isInRange(String ip, String cidr) { final int maskSplitMarkIndex = cidr.lastIndexOf(Ipv4Util.IP_MASK_SPLIT_MARK); if (maskSplitMarkIndex < 0) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid cidr: " + cidr); } final long mask = (-1L << 32 - Integer.parseInt(cidr.substring(maskSplitMarkIndex + 1))); long cidrIpAddr = ipv4ToLong(cidr.substring(0, maskSplitMarkIndex)); return (ipv4ToLong(ip) & mask) == (cidrIpAddr & mask); } /** * Unicode域名转puny code * * @param unicode Unicode域名 * @return puny code * @since 4.1.22 */ public static String idnToASCII(String unicode) { return IDN.toASCII(unicode); } /** * 从多级反向代理中获得第一个非unknown IP地址 * * @param ip 获得的IP地址 * @return 第一个非unknown IP地址 * @since 4.4.1 */ public static String getMultistageReverseProxyIp(String ip) { // 多级反向代理检测 if (ip != null && StrUtil.indexOf(ip, ',') > 0) { final List ips = StrUtil.splitTrim(ip, ','); for (final String subIp : ips) { if (false == isUnknown(subIp)) { ip = subIp; break; } } } return ip; } /** * 检测给定字符串是否为未知,多用于检测HTTP请求相关
* * @param checkString 被检测的字符串 * @return 是否未知 * @since 5.2.6 */ public static boolean isUnknown(String checkString) { return StrUtil.isBlank(checkString) || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(checkString); } /** * 检测IP地址是否能ping通 * * @param ip IP地址 * @return 返回是否ping通 */ public static boolean ping(String ip) { return ping(ip, 200); } /** * 检测IP地址是否能ping通 * * @param ip IP地址 * @param timeout 检测超时(毫秒) * @return 是否ping通 */ public static boolean ping(String ip, int timeout) { try { return InetAddress.getByName(ip).isReachable(timeout); // 当返回值是true时,说明host是可用的,false则不可。 } catch (Exception ex) { return false; } } /** * 解析Cookie信息 * * @param cookieStr Cookie字符串 * @return cookie字符串 * @since 5.2.6 */ public static List parseCookies(String cookieStr) { if (StrUtil.isBlank(cookieStr)) { return Collections.emptyList(); } return HttpCookie.parse(cookieStr); } /** * 检查远程端口是否开启 * * @param address 远程地址 * @param timeout 检测超时 * @return 远程端口是否开启 * @since 5.3.2 */ public static boolean isOpen(InetSocketAddress address, int timeout) { try (Socket sc = new Socket()) { sc.connect(address, timeout); return true; } catch (Exception e) { return false; } } /** * 设置全局验证 * * @param user 用户名 * @param pass 密码,考虑安全,此处不使用String * @since 5.7.2 */ public static void setGlobalAuthenticator(String user, char[] pass) { setGlobalAuthenticator(new UserPassAuthenticator(user, pass)); } /** * 设置全局验证 * * @param authenticator 验证器 * @since 5.7.2 */ public static void setGlobalAuthenticator(Authenticator authenticator) { Authenticator.setDefault(authenticator); } /** * 获取DNS信息,如TXT信息: * *

	 *     NetUtil.attrNames("hutool.cn", "TXT")
	 * 
* * @param hostName 主机域名 * @param attrNames 属性 * @return DNS信息 * @since 5.7.7 */ public static List getDnsInfo(String hostName, String... attrNames) { final String uri = StrUtil.addPrefixIfNot(hostName, "dns:"); final Attributes attributes = JNDIUtil.getAttributes(uri, attrNames); final List infos = new ArrayList<>(); for (Attribute attribute : new EnumerationIter<>(attributes.getAll())) { try { infos.add((String) attribute.get()); } catch (NamingException ignore) { //ignore } } return infos; } // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Private method start // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Private method end }




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