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package org.apache.lucene.analysis.in;

/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

import java.util.BitSet;
import java.util.IdentityHashMap;
import static java.lang.Character.UnicodeBlock.*;
import static org.apache.lucene.analysis.util.StemmerUtil.*;

/**
 * Normalizes the Unicode representation of text in Indian languages.
 * 

* Follows guidelines from Unicode 5.2, chapter 6, South Asian Scripts I * and graphical decompositions from http://ldc.upenn.edu/myl/IndianScriptsUnicode.html *

*/ public class IndicNormalizer { private static class ScriptData { final int flag; final int base; BitSet decompMask; ScriptData(int flag, int base) { this.flag = flag; this.base = base; } } private static final IdentityHashMap scripts = new IdentityHashMap(9); private static int flag(Character.UnicodeBlock ub) { return scripts.get(ub).flag; } static { scripts.put(DEVANAGARI, new ScriptData(1, 0x0900)); scripts.put(BENGALI, new ScriptData(2, 0x0980)); scripts.put(GURMUKHI, new ScriptData(4, 0x0A00)); scripts.put(GUJARATI, new ScriptData(8, 0x0A80)); scripts.put(ORIYA, new ScriptData(16, 0x0B00)); scripts.put(TAMIL, new ScriptData(32, 0x0B80)); scripts.put(TELUGU, new ScriptData(64, 0x0C00)); scripts.put(KANNADA, new ScriptData(128, 0x0C80)); scripts.put(MALAYALAM, new ScriptData(256, 0x0D00)); } /** * Decompositions according to Unicode 5.2, * and http://ldc.upenn.edu/myl/IndianScriptsUnicode.html * * Most of these are not handled by unicode normalization anyway. * * The numbers here represent offsets into the respective codepages, * with -1 representing null and 0xFF representing zero-width joiner. * * the columns are: ch1, ch2, ch3, res, flags * ch1, ch2, and ch3 are the decomposition * res is the composition, and flags are the scripts to which it applies. */ private static final int decompositions[][] = { /* devanagari, gujarati vowel candra O */ { 0x05, 0x3E, 0x45, 0x11, flag(DEVANAGARI) | flag(GUJARATI) }, /* devanagari short O */ { 0x05, 0x3E, 0x46, 0x12, flag(DEVANAGARI) }, /* devanagari, gujarati letter O */ { 0x05, 0x3E, 0x47, 0x13, flag(DEVANAGARI) | flag(GUJARATI) }, /* devanagari letter AI, gujarati letter AU */ { 0x05, 0x3E, 0x48, 0x14, flag(DEVANAGARI) | flag(GUJARATI) }, /* devanagari, bengali, gurmukhi, gujarati, oriya AA */ { 0x05, 0x3E, -1, 0x06, flag(DEVANAGARI) | flag(BENGALI) | flag(GURMUKHI) | flag(GUJARATI) | flag(ORIYA) }, /* devanagari letter candra A */ { 0x05, 0x45, -1, 0x72, flag(DEVANAGARI) }, /* gujarati vowel candra E */ { 0x05, 0x45, -1, 0x0D, flag(GUJARATI) }, /* devanagari letter short A */ { 0x05, 0x46, -1, 0x04, flag(DEVANAGARI) }, /* gujarati letter E */ { 0x05, 0x47, -1, 0x0F, flag(GUJARATI) }, /* gurmukhi, gujarati letter AI */ { 0x05, 0x48, -1, 0x10, flag(GURMUKHI) | flag(GUJARATI) }, /* devanagari, gujarati vowel candra O */ { 0x05, 0x49, -1, 0x11, flag(DEVANAGARI) | flag(GUJARATI) }, /* devanagari short O */ { 0x05, 0x4A, -1, 0x12, flag(DEVANAGARI) }, /* devanagari, gujarati letter O */ { 0x05, 0x4B, -1, 0x13, flag(DEVANAGARI) | flag(GUJARATI) }, /* devanagari letter AI, gurmukhi letter AU, gujarati letter AU */ { 0x05, 0x4C, -1, 0x14, flag(DEVANAGARI) | flag(GURMUKHI) | flag(GUJARATI) }, /* devanagari, gujarati vowel candra O */ { 0x06, 0x45, -1, 0x11, flag(DEVANAGARI) | flag(GUJARATI) }, /* devanagari short O */ { 0x06, 0x46, -1, 0x12, flag(DEVANAGARI) }, /* devanagari, gujarati letter O */ { 0x06, 0x47, -1, 0x13, flag(DEVANAGARI) | flag(GUJARATI) }, /* devanagari letter AI, gujarati letter AU */ { 0x06, 0x48, -1, 0x14, flag(DEVANAGARI) | flag(GUJARATI) }, /* malayalam letter II */ { 0x07, 0x57, -1, 0x08, flag(MALAYALAM) }, /* devanagari letter UU */ { 0x09, 0x41, -1, 0x0A, flag(DEVANAGARI) }, /* tamil, malayalam letter UU (some styles) */ { 0x09, 0x57, -1, 0x0A, flag(TAMIL) | flag(MALAYALAM) }, /* malayalam letter AI */ { 0x0E, 0x46, -1, 0x10, flag(MALAYALAM) }, /* devanagari candra E */ { 0x0F, 0x45, -1, 0x0D, flag(DEVANAGARI) }, /* devanagari short E */ { 0x0F, 0x46, -1, 0x0E, flag(DEVANAGARI) }, /* devanagari AI */ { 0x0F, 0x47, -1, 0x10, flag(DEVANAGARI) }, /* oriya AI */ { 0x0F, 0x57, -1, 0x10, flag(ORIYA) }, /* malayalam letter OO */ { 0x12, 0x3E, -1, 0x13, flag(MALAYALAM) }, /* telugu, kannada letter AU */ { 0x12, 0x4C, -1, 0x14, flag(TELUGU) | flag(KANNADA) }, /* telugu letter OO */ { 0x12, 0x55, -1, 0x13, flag(TELUGU) }, /* tamil, malayalam letter AU */ { 0x12, 0x57, -1, 0x14, flag(TAMIL) | flag(MALAYALAM) }, /* oriya letter AU */ { 0x13, 0x57, -1, 0x14, flag(ORIYA) }, /* devanagari qa */ { 0x15, 0x3C, -1, 0x58, flag(DEVANAGARI) }, /* devanagari, gurmukhi khha */ { 0x16, 0x3C, -1, 0x59, flag(DEVANAGARI) | flag(GURMUKHI) }, /* devanagari, gurmukhi ghha */ { 0x17, 0x3C, -1, 0x5A, flag(DEVANAGARI) | flag(GURMUKHI) }, /* devanagari, gurmukhi za */ { 0x1C, 0x3C, -1, 0x5B, flag(DEVANAGARI) | flag(GURMUKHI) }, /* devanagari dddha, bengali, oriya rra */ { 0x21, 0x3C, -1, 0x5C, flag(DEVANAGARI) | flag(BENGALI) | flag(ORIYA) }, /* devanagari, bengali, oriya rha */ { 0x22, 0x3C, -1, 0x5D, flag(DEVANAGARI) | flag(BENGALI) | flag(ORIYA) }, /* malayalam chillu nn */ { 0x23, 0x4D, 0xFF, 0x7A, flag(MALAYALAM) }, /* bengali khanda ta */ { 0x24, 0x4D, 0xFF, 0x4E, flag(BENGALI) }, /* devanagari nnna */ { 0x28, 0x3C, -1, 0x29, flag(DEVANAGARI) }, /* malayalam chillu n */ { 0x28, 0x4D, 0xFF, 0x7B, flag(MALAYALAM) }, /* devanagari, gurmukhi fa */ { 0x2B, 0x3C, -1, 0x5E, flag(DEVANAGARI) | flag(GURMUKHI) }, /* devanagari, bengali yya */ { 0x2F, 0x3C, -1, 0x5F, flag(DEVANAGARI) | flag(BENGALI) }, /* telugu letter vocalic R */ { 0x2C, 0x41, 0x41, 0x0B, flag(TELUGU) }, /* devanagari rra */ { 0x30, 0x3C, -1, 0x31, flag(DEVANAGARI) }, /* malayalam chillu rr */ { 0x30, 0x4D, 0xFF, 0x7C, flag(MALAYALAM) }, /* malayalam chillu l */ { 0x32, 0x4D, 0xFF, 0x7D, flag(MALAYALAM) }, /* devanagari llla */ { 0x33, 0x3C, -1, 0x34, flag(DEVANAGARI) }, /* malayalam chillu ll */ { 0x33, 0x4D, 0xFF, 0x7E, flag(MALAYALAM) }, /* telugu letter MA */ { 0x35, 0x41, -1, 0x2E, flag(TELUGU) }, /* devanagari, gujarati vowel sign candra O */ { 0x3E, 0x45, -1, 0x49, flag(DEVANAGARI) | flag(GUJARATI) }, /* devanagari vowel sign short O */ { 0x3E, 0x46, -1, 0x4A, flag(DEVANAGARI) }, /* devanagari, gujarati vowel sign O */ { 0x3E, 0x47, -1, 0x4B, flag(DEVANAGARI) | flag(GUJARATI) }, /* devanagari, gujarati vowel sign AU */ { 0x3E, 0x48, -1, 0x4C, flag(DEVANAGARI) | flag(GUJARATI) }, /* kannada vowel sign II */ { 0x3F, 0x55, -1, 0x40, flag(KANNADA) }, /* gurmukhi vowel sign UU (when stacking) */ { 0x41, 0x41, -1, 0x42, flag(GURMUKHI) }, /* tamil, malayalam vowel sign O */ { 0x46, 0x3E, -1, 0x4A, flag(TAMIL) | flag(MALAYALAM) }, /* kannada vowel sign OO */ { 0x46, 0x42, 0x55, 0x4B, flag(KANNADA) }, /* kannada vowel sign O */ { 0x46, 0x42, -1, 0x4A, flag(KANNADA) }, /* malayalam vowel sign AI (if reordered twice) */ { 0x46, 0x46, -1, 0x48, flag(MALAYALAM) }, /* telugu, kannada vowel sign EE */ { 0x46, 0x55, -1, 0x47, flag(TELUGU) | flag(KANNADA) }, /* telugu, kannada vowel sign AI */ { 0x46, 0x56, -1, 0x48, flag(TELUGU) | flag(KANNADA) }, /* tamil, malayalam vowel sign AU */ { 0x46, 0x57, -1, 0x4C, flag(TAMIL) | flag(MALAYALAM) }, /* bengali, oriya vowel sign O, tamil, malayalam vowel sign OO */ { 0x47, 0x3E, -1, 0x4B, flag(BENGALI) | flag(ORIYA) | flag(TAMIL) | flag(MALAYALAM) }, /* bengali, oriya vowel sign AU */ { 0x47, 0x57, -1, 0x4C, flag(BENGALI) | flag(ORIYA) }, /* kannada vowel sign OO */ { 0x4A, 0x55, -1, 0x4B, flag(KANNADA) }, /* gurmukhi letter I */ { 0x72, 0x3F, -1, 0x07, flag(GURMUKHI) }, /* gurmukhi letter II */ { 0x72, 0x40, -1, 0x08, flag(GURMUKHI) }, /* gurmukhi letter EE */ { 0x72, 0x47, -1, 0x0F, flag(GURMUKHI) }, /* gurmukhi letter U */ { 0x73, 0x41, -1, 0x09, flag(GURMUKHI) }, /* gurmukhi letter UU */ { 0x73, 0x42, -1, 0x0A, flag(GURMUKHI) }, /* gurmukhi letter OO */ { 0x73, 0x4B, -1, 0x13, flag(GURMUKHI) }, }; static { for (ScriptData sd : scripts.values()) { sd.decompMask = new BitSet(0x7F); for (int i = 0; i < decompositions.length; i++) { final int ch = decompositions[i][0]; final int flags = decompositions[i][4]; if ((flags & sd.flag) != 0) sd.decompMask.set(ch); } } } /** * Normalizes input text, and returns the new length. * The length will always be less than or equal to the existing length. * * @param text input text * @param len valid length * @return normalized length */ public int normalize(char text[], int len) { for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) { final Character.UnicodeBlock block = Character.UnicodeBlock.of(text[i]); final ScriptData sd = scripts.get(block); if (sd != null) { final int ch = text[i] - sd.base; if (sd.decompMask.get(ch)) len = compose(ch, block, sd, text, i, len); } } return len; } /** * Compose into standard form any compositions in the decompositions table. */ private int compose(int ch0, Character.UnicodeBlock block0, ScriptData sd, char text[], int pos, int len) { if (pos + 1 >= len) /* need at least 2 chars! */ return len; final int ch1 = text[pos + 1] - sd.base; final Character.UnicodeBlock block1 = Character.UnicodeBlock.of(text[pos + 1]); if (block1 != block0) /* needs to be the same writing system */ return len; int ch2 = -1; if (pos + 2 < len) { ch2 = text[pos + 2] - sd.base; Character.UnicodeBlock block2 = Character.UnicodeBlock.of(text[pos + 2]); if (text[pos + 2] == '\u200D') // ZWJ ch2 = 0xFF; else if (block2 != block1) // still allow a 2-char match ch2 = -1; } for (int i = 0; i < decompositions.length; i++) if (decompositions[i][0] == ch0 && (decompositions[i][4] & sd.flag) != 0) { if (decompositions[i][1] == ch1 && (decompositions[i][2] < 0 || decompositions[i][2] == ch2)) { text[pos] = (char) (sd.base + decompositions[i][3]); len = delete(text, pos + 1, len); if (decompositions[i][2] >= 0) len = delete(text, pos + 1, len); return len; } } return len; } }




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