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/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.apache.tika.detect;

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.CharConversionException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Arrays;

import javax.xml.namespace.QName;

import org.apache.tika.io.CloseShieldInputStream;
import org.apache.tika.parser.ParseContext;
import org.apache.tika.sax.OfflineContentHandler;
import org.apache.tika.utils.XMLReaderUtils;
import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;

/**
 * Utility class that uses a {@link javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser} to determine
 * the namespace URI and local name of the root element of an XML file.
 *
 * @since Apache Tika 0.4
 */
public class XmlRootExtractor {
    private static final ParseContext EMPTY_CONTEXT = new ParseContext();

    public QName extractRootElement(byte[] data) {
        // this loop should be very rare
        while (true) {
            try {
                return extractRootElement(new ByteArrayInputStream(data), true);
            } catch (MalformedCharException e) {
                // see TIKA-3596, try to handle truncated/bad encoded XML files
                int newLen = data.length / 2;
                if (newLen % 2 == 1) {
                    newLen--;
                }
                if (newLen > 0) {
                    data = Arrays.copyOf(data, newLen);
                } else {
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * @since Apache Tika 0.9
     */
    public QName extractRootElement(InputStream stream) {
        return extractRootElement(stream, false);
    }
    
    private QName extractRootElement(InputStream stream, boolean throwMalformed) {
        ExtractorHandler handler = new ExtractorHandler();
        try {
            XMLReaderUtils.parseSAX(
                    new CloseShieldInputStream(stream),
                    new OfflineContentHandler(handler), EMPTY_CONTEXT);
        } catch (SecurityException e) {
            throw e;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            if (throwMalformed && (e instanceof CharConversionException
                    || e.getCause() instanceof CharConversionException)) {
                throw new MalformedCharException(e);
            }
        }
        return handler.rootElement;
    }

    private static class ExtractorHandler extends DefaultHandler {

        private QName rootElement = null;

        @Override
        public void startElement(
                String uri, String local, String name, Attributes attributes)
                throws SAXException {
            this.rootElement = new QName(uri, local);
            throw new SAXException("Aborting: root element received");
        }

    }

    private static class MalformedCharException extends RuntimeException {

        public MalformedCharException(Exception e) {
            super(e);
        }

    }

}