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 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
 * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
 * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
 * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
 * specific language governing permissions and limitations
 * under the License.
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 *
 * This software consists of voluntary contributions made by many
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package org.apache.http.nio.protocol;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.SocketTimeoutException;
import java.util.Queue;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedQueue;

import org.apache.http.ConnectionClosedException;
import org.apache.http.ExceptionLogger;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntityEnclosingRequest;
import org.apache.http.HttpException;
import org.apache.http.HttpRequest;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.HttpVersion;
import org.apache.http.ProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.ProtocolVersion;
import org.apache.http.annotation.Contract;
import org.apache.http.annotation.ThreadingBehavior;
import org.apache.http.nio.ContentDecoder;
import org.apache.http.nio.ContentEncoder;
import org.apache.http.nio.NHttpClientConnection;
import org.apache.http.nio.NHttpClientEventHandler;
import org.apache.http.nio.NHttpConnection;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HttpContext;
import org.apache.http.util.Args;
import org.apache.http.util.Asserts;

/**
 * {@code HttpAsyncRequestExecutor} is a fully asynchronous HTTP client side
 * protocol handler based on the NIO (non-blocking) I/O model.
 * {@code HttpAsyncRequestExecutor} translates individual events fired through
 * the {@link NHttpClientEventHandler} interface into logically related HTTP
 * message exchanges.
 * 

The caller is expected to pass an instance of * {@link HttpAsyncClientExchangeHandler} to be used for the next series * of HTTP message exchanges through the connection context using * {@link #HTTP_HANDLER} attribute. HTTP exchange sequence is considered * complete when the {@link HttpAsyncClientExchangeHandler#isDone()} method * returns {@code true}. The {@link HttpAsyncRequester} utility class can * be used to facilitate initiation of asynchronous HTTP request execution. *

* Individual {@code HttpAsyncClientExchangeHandler} are expected to make use of * a {@link org.apache.http.protocol.HttpProcessor} to generate mandatory protocol * headers for all outgoing messages and apply common, cross-cutting message * transformations to all incoming and outgoing messages. * {@code HttpAsyncClientExchangeHandler}s can delegate implementation of * application specific content generation and processing to * a {@link HttpAsyncRequestProducer} and a {@link HttpAsyncResponseConsumer}. * * @see HttpAsyncClientExchangeHandler * * @since 4.2 */ @Contract(threading = ThreadingBehavior.IMMUTABLE_CONDITIONAL) public class HttpAsyncRequestExecutor implements NHttpClientEventHandler { public static final int DEFAULT_WAIT_FOR_CONTINUE = 3000; public static final String HTTP_HANDLER = "http.nio.exchange-handler"; private final int waitForContinue; private final ExceptionLogger exceptionLogger; /** * Creates new instance of {@code HttpAsyncRequestExecutor}. * @param waitForContinue wait for continue time period. * @param exceptionLogger Exception logger. If {@code null} * {@link ExceptionLogger#NO_OP} will be used. Please note that the exception * logger will be only used to log I/O exception thrown while closing * {@link java.io.Closeable} objects (such as {@link org.apache.http.HttpConnection}). * * @since 4.4 */ public HttpAsyncRequestExecutor( final int waitForContinue, final ExceptionLogger exceptionLogger) { super(); this.waitForContinue = Args.positive(waitForContinue, "Wait for continue time"); this.exceptionLogger = exceptionLogger != null ? exceptionLogger : ExceptionLogger.NO_OP; } /** * Creates new instance of HttpAsyncRequestExecutor. * * @since 4.3 */ public HttpAsyncRequestExecutor(final int waitForContinue) { this(waitForContinue, null); } public HttpAsyncRequestExecutor() { this(DEFAULT_WAIT_FOR_CONTINUE, null); } @Override public void connected( final NHttpClientConnection conn, final Object attachment) throws IOException, HttpException { final State state = new State(); final HttpContext context = conn.getContext(); context.setAttribute(HTTP_EXCHANGE_STATE, state); requestReady(conn); } @Override public void closed(final NHttpClientConnection conn) { final State state = getState(conn); final HttpAsyncClientExchangeHandler handler = getHandler(conn); if (state != null) { if (state.getRequestState() != MessageState.READY || state.getResponseState() != MessageState.READY) { if (handler != null) { handler.failed(new ConnectionClosedException("Connection closed unexpectedly")); } } } if (state == null || (handler != null && handler.isDone())) { closeHandler(handler); } } @Override public void exception( final NHttpClientConnection conn, final Exception cause) { shutdownConnection(conn); final HttpAsyncClientExchangeHandler handler = getHandler(conn); if (handler != null) { handler.failed(cause); } else { log(cause); } } @Override public void requestReady( final NHttpClientConnection conn) throws IOException, HttpException { final State state = getState(conn); Asserts.notNull(state, "Connection state"); Asserts.check(state.getRequestState() == MessageState.READY || state.getRequestState() == MessageState.COMPLETED, "Unexpected request state %s", state.getRequestState()); if (state.getRequestState() == MessageState.COMPLETED) { conn.suspendOutput(); return; } final HttpContext context = conn.getContext(); final HttpAsyncClientExchangeHandler handler; synchronized (context) { handler = getHandler(conn); if (handler == null || handler.isDone()) { conn.suspendOutput(); return; } } final boolean pipelined = handler.getClass().getAnnotation(Pipelined.class) != null; final HttpRequest request = handler.generateRequest(); if (request == null) { conn.suspendOutput(); return; } final ProtocolVersion version = request.getRequestLine().getProtocolVersion(); if (pipelined && version.lessEquals(HttpVersion.HTTP_1_0)) { throw new ProtocolException(version + " cannot be used with request pipelining"); } state.setRequest(request); if (pipelined) { state.getRequestQueue().add(request); } if (request instanceof HttpEntityEnclosingRequest) { final boolean expectContinue = ((HttpEntityEnclosingRequest) request).expectContinue(); if (expectContinue && pipelined) { throw new ProtocolException("Expect-continue handshake cannot be used with request pipelining"); } conn.submitRequest(request); if (expectContinue) { final int timeout = conn.getSocketTimeout(); state.setTimeout(timeout); conn.setSocketTimeout(this.waitForContinue); state.setRequestState(MessageState.ACK_EXPECTED); } else { final HttpEntity entity = ((HttpEntityEnclosingRequest) request).getEntity(); if (entity != null) { state.setRequestState(MessageState.BODY_STREAM); } else { handler.requestCompleted(); state.setRequestState(pipelined ? MessageState.READY : MessageState.COMPLETED); } } } else { conn.submitRequest(request); handler.requestCompleted(); state.setRequestState(pipelined ? MessageState.READY : MessageState.COMPLETED); } } @Override public void outputReady( final NHttpClientConnection conn, final ContentEncoder encoder) throws IOException, HttpException { final State state = getState(conn); Asserts.notNull(state, "Connection state"); Asserts.check(state.getRequestState() == MessageState.BODY_STREAM || state.getRequestState() == MessageState.ACK_EXPECTED, "Unexpected request state %s", state.getRequestState()); final HttpAsyncClientExchangeHandler handler = getHandler(conn); Asserts.notNull(handler, "Client exchange handler"); if (state.getRequestState() == MessageState.ACK_EXPECTED) { conn.suspendOutput(); return; } handler.produceContent(encoder, conn); if (encoder.isCompleted()) { handler.requestCompleted(); final boolean pipelined = handler.getClass().getAnnotation(Pipelined.class) != null; state.setRequestState(pipelined ? MessageState.READY : MessageState.COMPLETED); } } @Override public void responseReceived( final NHttpClientConnection conn) throws HttpException, IOException { final State state = getState(conn); Asserts.notNull(state, "Connection state"); Asserts.check(state.getResponseState() == MessageState.READY, "Unexpected request state %s", state.getResponseState()); final HttpAsyncClientExchangeHandler handler = getHandler(conn); Asserts.notNull(handler, "Client exchange handler"); final boolean pipelined = handler.getClass().getAnnotation(Pipelined.class) != null; final HttpRequest request; if (pipelined) { request = state.getRequestQueue().poll(); Asserts.notNull(request, "HTTP request"); } else { request = state.getRequest(); if (request == null) { throw new HttpException("Out of sequence response"); } } final HttpResponse response = conn.getHttpResponse(); final int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(); if (statusCode < HttpStatus.SC_CONTINUE) { throw new ProtocolException("Invalid response: " + response.getStatusLine()); } if (statusCode < HttpStatus.SC_OK) { // 1xx intermediate response if (statusCode != HttpStatus.SC_CONTINUE) { throw new ProtocolException( "Unexpected response: " + response.getStatusLine()); } if (state.getRequestState() == MessageState.ACK_EXPECTED) { final int timeout = state.getTimeout(); conn.setSocketTimeout(timeout); conn.requestOutput(); state.setRequestState(MessageState.BODY_STREAM); } return; } state.setResponse(response); if (state.getRequestState() == MessageState.ACK_EXPECTED) { final int timeout = state.getTimeout(); conn.setSocketTimeout(timeout); conn.resetOutput(); state.setRequestState(MessageState.COMPLETED); } else if (state.getRequestState() == MessageState.BODY_STREAM) { // Early response if (statusCode >= 400) { conn.resetOutput(); conn.suspendOutput(); state.setRequestState(MessageState.COMPLETED); state.invalidate(); } } if (canResponseHaveBody(request, response)) { handler.responseReceived(response); state.setResponseState(MessageState.BODY_STREAM); } else { response.setEntity(null); handler.responseReceived(response); conn.resetInput(); processResponse(conn, state, handler); } } @Override public void inputReady( final NHttpClientConnection conn, final ContentDecoder decoder) throws IOException, HttpException { final State state = getState(conn); Asserts.notNull(state, "Connection state"); Asserts.check(state.getResponseState() == MessageState.BODY_STREAM, "Unexpected request state %s", state.getResponseState()); final HttpAsyncClientExchangeHandler handler = getHandler(conn); Asserts.notNull(handler, "Client exchange handler"); handler.consumeContent(decoder, conn); if (decoder.isCompleted()) { processResponse(conn, state, handler); } } @Override public void endOfInput(final NHttpClientConnection conn) throws IOException { final State state = getState(conn); final HttpContext context = conn.getContext(); synchronized (context) { if (state != null) { if (state.getRequestState().compareTo(MessageState.READY) != 0) { state.invalidate(); } final HttpAsyncClientExchangeHandler handler = getHandler(conn); if (handler != null) { if (state.isValid()) { handler.inputTerminated(); } else { handler.failed(new ConnectionClosedException("Connection closed")); } } } // Closing connection in an orderly manner and // waiting for output buffer to get flushed. // Do not want to wait indefinitely, though, in case // the opposite end is not reading if (conn.getSocketTimeout() <= 0) { conn.setSocketTimeout(1000); } conn.close(); } } @Override public void timeout( final NHttpClientConnection conn) throws IOException { final State state = getState(conn); if (state != null) { if (state.getRequestState() == MessageState.ACK_EXPECTED) { final int timeout = state.getTimeout(); conn.setSocketTimeout(timeout); conn.requestOutput(); state.setRequestState(MessageState.BODY_STREAM); state.setTimeout(0); return; } state.invalidate(); final HttpAsyncClientExchangeHandler handler = getHandler(conn); if (handler != null) { handler.failed(new SocketTimeoutException( String.format("%,d milliseconds timeout on connection %s", conn.getSocketTimeout(), conn))); handler.close(); } } if (conn.getStatus() == NHttpConnection.ACTIVE) { conn.close(); if (conn.getStatus() == NHttpConnection.CLOSING) { // Give the connection some grace time to // close itself nicely conn.setSocketTimeout(250); } } else { conn.shutdown(); } } /** * This method can be used to log I/O exception thrown while closing * {@link java.io.Closeable} objects (such as * {@link org.apache.http.HttpConnection}}). * * @param ex I/O exception thrown by {@link java.io.Closeable#close()} */ protected void log(final Exception ex) { this.exceptionLogger.log(ex); } private static State getState(final NHttpConnection conn) { return (State) conn.getContext().getAttribute(HTTP_EXCHANGE_STATE); } private static HttpAsyncClientExchangeHandler getHandler(final NHttpConnection conn) { return (HttpAsyncClientExchangeHandler) conn.getContext().getAttribute(HTTP_HANDLER); } private void shutdownConnection(final NHttpConnection conn) { try { conn.shutdown(); } catch (final IOException ex) { log(ex); } } private void closeHandler(final HttpAsyncClientExchangeHandler handler) { if (handler != null) { try { handler.close(); } catch (final IOException ioex) { log(ioex); } } } private void processResponse( final NHttpClientConnection conn, final State state, final HttpAsyncClientExchangeHandler handler) throws IOException, HttpException { if (!state.isValid()) { conn.close(); } handler.responseCompleted(); final boolean pipelined = handler.getClass().getAnnotation(Pipelined.class) != null; if (!pipelined) { state.setRequestState(MessageState.READY); state.setRequest(null); } state.setResponseState(MessageState.READY); state.setResponse(null); if (!handler.isDone() && conn.isOpen()) { conn.requestOutput(); } } private boolean canResponseHaveBody(final HttpRequest request, final HttpResponse response) { final String method = request.getRequestLine().getMethod(); final int status = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(); if (method.equalsIgnoreCase("HEAD")) { return false; } if (method.equalsIgnoreCase("CONNECT") && status < 300) { return false; } return status >= HttpStatus.SC_OK && status != HttpStatus.SC_NO_CONTENT && status != HttpStatus.SC_NOT_MODIFIED && status != HttpStatus.SC_RESET_CONTENT; } static final String HTTP_EXCHANGE_STATE = "http.nio.http-exchange-state"; static class State { private final Queue requestQueue; private volatile MessageState requestState; private volatile MessageState responseState; private volatile HttpRequest request; private volatile HttpResponse response; private volatile boolean valid; private volatile int timeout; State() { super(); this.requestQueue = new ConcurrentLinkedQueue(); this.valid = true; this.requestState = MessageState.READY; this.responseState = MessageState.READY; } public MessageState getRequestState() { return this.requestState; } public void setRequestState(final MessageState state) { this.requestState = state; } public MessageState getResponseState() { return this.responseState; } public void setResponseState(final MessageState state) { this.responseState = state; } public HttpRequest getRequest() { return this.request; } public void setRequest(final HttpRequest request) { this.request = request; } public HttpResponse getResponse() { return this.response; } public void setResponse(final HttpResponse response) { this.response = response; } public Queue getRequestQueue() { return this.requestQueue; } public int getTimeout() { return this.timeout; } public void setTimeout(final int timeout) { this.timeout = timeout; } public boolean isValid() { return this.valid; } public void invalidate() { this.valid = false; } @Override public String toString() { final StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder(); buf.append("request state: "); buf.append(this.requestState); buf.append("; request: "); if (this.request != null) { buf.append(this.request.getRequestLine()); } buf.append("; response state: "); buf.append(this.responseState); buf.append("; response: "); if (this.response != null) { buf.append(this.response.getStatusLine()); } buf.append("; valid: "); buf.append(this.valid); buf.append(";"); return buf.toString(); } } }





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