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package com.alibaba.metrics.os.linux;
import com.alibaba.metrics.CachedMetricSet;
import com.alibaba.metrics.Clock;
import com.alibaba.metrics.Metric;
import com.alibaba.metrics.MetricName;
import com.alibaba.metrics.PersistentGauge;
import com.alibaba.metrics.os.utils.FileUtils;
import com.alibaba.metrics.os.utils.FormatUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import static com.alibaba.metrics.Constants.NOT_AVAILABLE;
public class CpuUsageGaugeSet extends CachedMetricSet {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CpuUsageGaugeSet.class);
private static final String DELIM = "\\s+";
// Pattern.DOTALL to match pattern across multiple lines
private static final Pattern cpuStatPattern =
Pattern.compile("^.*cpu\\s+([\\d]+)\\s+([\\d]+)\\s+([\\d]+)\\s+([\\d]+)\\s+([\\d]+)\\s+([\\d]+)\\s+([\\d]+)\\s+([\\d]+)\\s+([\\d]+).*$",
Pattern.DOTALL);
private static final String DEFAULT_FILE_PATH = "/proc/stat";
// store the cpu usage, in the order of user, system, idle
private float[] cpuUsage;
private CpuInfo lastCollectedCpuInfo;
private String filePath;
private enum CpuUsage {
USER, NICE, SYSTEM, IDLE, IOWAIT, IRQ, SOFTIRQ, STEAL, GUEST
}
/**
* The "procs_running" line gives the number of processes currently running on CPUs.
*/
private long processRunning;
/**
* The "procs_blocked" line gives the number of processes currently blocked, waiting for I/O to complete.
*/
private long processBlocked;
/**
* The "intr" line gives counts of interrupts serviced since boot time,
* for each of the possible system interrupts.
* The first column is the total of all interrupts serviced;
* each subsequent column is the total for that particular interrupt.
*/
private long totalInterrupts;
/**
* The number of interrupts per second between collection
* This is a equivalent implementation of 'in' in vmstat
* https://www.thomas-krenn.com/en/wiki/Linux_Performance_Measurements_using_vmstat
*/
private double interruptsRate;
/**
* The "ctxt" line gives the total number of context switches across all CPUs.
*/
private long totalContextSwitches;
/**
* The number of context switches per second between collection
* This is a equivalent implementation of 'cs' in vmstat
* https://www.thomas-krenn.com/en/wiki/Linux_Performance_Measurements_using_vmstat
*/
private double contextSwitchesRate;
/**
* Store all the metrics in this class
*/
private Map gauges = new HashMap();
public CpuUsageGaugeSet() {
this(DEFAULT_DATA_TTL, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS, DEFAULT_FILE_PATH, Clock.defaultClock());
}
public CpuUsageGaugeSet(String filePath) {
this(DEFAULT_DATA_TTL, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS, filePath, Clock.defaultClock());
}
public CpuUsageGaugeSet(long dataTTL, TimeUnit unit) {
this(dataTTL, unit, DEFAULT_FILE_PATH, Clock.defaultClock());
}
public CpuUsageGaugeSet(long dataTTL, TimeUnit unit, String filePath, Clock clock) {
super(dataTTL, unit, clock);
cpuUsage = new float[CpuUsage.values().length];
lastCollectedCpuInfo = new CpuInfo();
this.filePath = filePath;
populateMetrics();
}
@Override
public Map getMetrics() {
return gauges;
}
@Override
protected void getValueInternal() {
// collect again
List lines;
try {
lines = FileUtils.readFileAsStringArray(filePath);
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.warn("Error during reading file {}", filePath, e);
return;
}
for (String line: lines) {
if (line.startsWith("cpu ")) {
try {
CpuInfo current = collectCpuInfo(line);
cpuUsage[CpuUsage.USER.ordinal()] =
getUsage(current.userTime, lastCollectedCpuInfo.userTime, current, lastCollectedCpuInfo);
cpuUsage[CpuUsage.NICE.ordinal()] =
getUsage(current.niceTime, lastCollectedCpuInfo.niceTime, current, lastCollectedCpuInfo);
cpuUsage[CpuUsage.SYSTEM.ordinal()] =
getUsage(current.systemTime, lastCollectedCpuInfo.systemTime, current, lastCollectedCpuInfo);
cpuUsage[CpuUsage.IDLE.ordinal()] =
getUsage(current.idleTime, lastCollectedCpuInfo.idleTime, current, lastCollectedCpuInfo);
cpuUsage[CpuUsage.IOWAIT.ordinal()] =
getUsage(current.iowaitTime, lastCollectedCpuInfo.iowaitTime, current, lastCollectedCpuInfo);
cpuUsage[CpuUsage.IRQ.ordinal()] =
getUsage(current.irqTime, lastCollectedCpuInfo.irqTime, current, lastCollectedCpuInfo);
cpuUsage[CpuUsage.SOFTIRQ.ordinal()] =
getUsage(current.softirqTime, lastCollectedCpuInfo.softirqTime, current, lastCollectedCpuInfo);
cpuUsage[CpuUsage.STEAL.ordinal()] =
getUsage(current.stealTime, lastCollectedCpuInfo.stealTime, current, lastCollectedCpuInfo);
cpuUsage[CpuUsage.GUEST.ordinal()] =
getUsage(current.guestTIme, lastCollectedCpuInfo.guestTIme, current, lastCollectedCpuInfo);
lastCollectedCpuInfo = current;
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.warn("Error parsing cpu info: ", e);
}
} else if (line.startsWith("intr")) {
try {
String data = line.substring("intr ".length(), line.indexOf(' ', "intr ".length()));
long latestIntr = Long.parseLong(data);
if (totalInterrupts == 0) {
// first time
interruptsRate = 0.0d;
} else if (latestIntr >= totalInterrupts){
long duration = clock.getTime() - lastCollectTime.get();
interruptsRate = 1000.0d * (latestIntr - totalInterrupts) / duration;
} else {
logger.warn("Invalid interrupt data, last collected {}, current {}, raw {}",
totalInterrupts, latestIntr, line);
interruptsRate = NOT_AVAILABLE;
}
totalInterrupts = latestIntr;
} catch (Exception e) {
interruptsRate = NOT_AVAILABLE;
logger.warn("Error parsing intr info: ", e);
}
} else if (line.startsWith("ctxt")) {
try {
String[] data = line.split(DELIM);
long latestCtxt = Long.parseLong(data[1]);
if (totalContextSwitches == 0) {
contextSwitchesRate = 0.0d;
} else if (latestCtxt >= totalContextSwitches) {
long duration = clock.getTime() - lastCollectTime.get();
contextSwitchesRate = 1000.0d * (latestCtxt - totalContextSwitches) / duration;
} else {
logger.warn("Invalid context data, last collected {}, current {}, raw {}",
totalContextSwitches, latestCtxt, line);
contextSwitchesRate = NOT_AVAILABLE;
}
totalContextSwitches = latestCtxt;
} catch (Exception e) {
contextSwitchesRate = NOT_AVAILABLE;
logger.warn("Error parsing context switch info: ", e);
}
} else if (line.startsWith("procs_running")) {
try {
String[] data = line.split(DELIM);
processRunning = Long.parseLong(data[1]);
} catch (NumberFormatException n) {
processRunning = -1;
logger.warn("Invalid line of process running found, raw data: {}", line);
} catch (Exception e) {
processRunning = -1;
logger.warn("Error parsing process running info: ", e);
}
} else if (line.startsWith("procs_blocked")) {
try {
String[] data = line.split(DELIM);
processBlocked = Long.parseLong(data[1]);
} catch (Exception e) {
processBlocked = -1;
logger.warn("Error parsing process blocked info: ", e);
}
}
}
}
public void setFilePath(String filePath) {
this.filePath = filePath;
}
private void populateMetrics() {
gauges.put(MetricName.build("cpu.user"), new CpuGauge(CpuUsage.USER.ordinal()));
gauges.put(MetricName.build("cpu.nice"), new CpuGauge(CpuUsage.NICE.ordinal()));
gauges.put(MetricName.build("cpu.system"), new CpuGauge(CpuUsage.SYSTEM.ordinal()));
gauges.put(MetricName.build("cpu.idle"), new CpuGauge(CpuUsage.IDLE.ordinal()));
gauges.put(MetricName.build("cpu.iowait"), new CpuGauge(CpuUsage.IOWAIT.ordinal()));
gauges.put(MetricName.build("cpu.irq"), new CpuGauge(CpuUsage.IRQ.ordinal()));
gauges.put(MetricName.build("cpu.softirq"), new CpuGauge(CpuUsage.SOFTIRQ.ordinal()));
gauges.put(MetricName.build("cpu.steal"), new CpuGauge(CpuUsage.STEAL.ordinal()));
gauges.put(MetricName.build("cpu.guest"), new CpuGauge(CpuUsage.GUEST.ordinal()));
gauges.put(MetricName.build("interrupts"), new PersistentGauge() {
@Override
public Double getValue() {
refreshIfNecessary();
return interruptsRate;
}
});
gauges.put(MetricName.build("context_switches"), new PersistentGauge() {
@Override
public Double getValue() {
refreshIfNecessary();
return contextSwitchesRate;
}
});
gauges.put(MetricName.build("process.running"), new PersistentGauge() {
@Override
public Long getValue() {
refreshIfNecessary();
return processRunning;
}
});
gauges.put(MetricName.build("process.blocked"), new PersistentGauge() {
@Override
public Long getValue() {
refreshIfNecessary();
return processBlocked;
}
});
}
private CpuInfo collectCpuInfo(String statResult) {
CpuInfo info = new CpuInfo();
Matcher statMatcher = cpuStatPattern.matcher(statResult);
if (statMatcher.matches()) {
for (int i = 1; i <= statMatcher.groupCount(); i++) {
long time = Long.parseLong(statMatcher.group(i));
switch (i) {
case 1:
info.userTime = time;
break;
case 2:
info.niceTime = time;
break;
case 3:
info.systemTime = time;
break;
case 4:
info.idleTime = time;
break;
case 5:
info.iowaitTime = time;
break;
case 6:
info.irqTime = time;
break;
case 7:
info.softirqTime = time;
break;
case 8:
info.stealTime = time;
break;
case 9:
info.guestTIme = time;
break;
}
info.totalTime += time;
}
}
return info;
}
private float getUsage(long current, long last, CpuInfo curInfo, CpuInfo lastInfo) {
try {
float f = 100.0f * (current - last) / (curInfo.totalTime - lastInfo.totalTime);
return FormatUtils.formatFloat(f);
} catch (Exception e) {
return 0.0f;
}
}
private class CpuGauge extends PersistentGauge {
private int index;
public CpuGauge(int index) {
this.index = index;
}
@Override
public Float getValue() {
try {
refreshIfNecessary();
return cpuUsage[index];
} catch (Exception e) {
return 0.0f;
}
}
}
/**
* https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt
*/
private class CpuInfo {
/**
* user: normal processes executing in user mode
*/
long userTime;
/**
* nice: niced processes executing in user mode
*/
long niceTime;
/**
* system: processes executing in kernel mode
*/
long systemTime;
/**
* idle: twiddling thumbs
*/
long idleTime;
/**
* iowait: In a word, iowait stands for waiting for I/O to complete. But there
are several problems:
1. Cpu will not wait for I/O to complete, iowait is the time that a task is
waiting for I/O to complete. When cpu goes into idle state for
outstanding task io, another task will be scheduled on this CPU.
2. In a multi-core CPU, the task waiting for I/O to complete is not running
on any CPU, so the iowait of each CPU is difficult to calculate.
3. The value of iowait field in /proc/stat will decrease in certain
conditions.
So, the iowait is not reliable by reading from /proc/stat.
*/
long iowaitTime;
/**
* irq: servicing interrupts
*/
long irqTime;
/**
* softirq: servicing softirqs
*/
long softirqTime;
/**
* steal: involuntary wait, since 2.6.11
*/
long stealTime;
/**
* guest: running a normal guest, since 2.6.24
*/
long guestTIme;
/**
* Total time
*/
long totalTime;
}
}
