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/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package com.alipay.sofa.ark.loader.data;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
import java.util.Queue;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore;

/**
 * {@link RandomAccessData} implementation backed by a {@link RandomAccessFile}.
 *
 * @author Phillip Webb
 */
public class RandomAccessDataFile implements RandomAccessData {

    private static final int DEFAULT_CONCURRENT_READS = 4;

    private final File       file;

    private final FilePool   filePool;

    private final long       offset;

    private final long       length;

    /**
     * Create a new {@link RandomAccessDataFile} backed by the specified file.
     * @param file the underlying file
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the file is null or does not exist
     * @see #RandomAccessDataFile(File, int)
     */
    public RandomAccessDataFile(File file) {
        this(file, DEFAULT_CONCURRENT_READS);
    }

    /**
     * Create a new {@link RandomAccessDataFile} backed by the specified file.
     * @param file the underlying file
     * @param concurrentReads the maximum number of concurrent reads allowed on the
     * underlying file before blocking
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the file is null or does not exist
     * @see #RandomAccessDataFile(File)
     */
    public RandomAccessDataFile(File file, int concurrentReads) {
        if (file == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("File must not be null");
        }
        if (!file.exists()) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format("File must exist: %s", file.getPath()));
        }
        this.file = file;
        this.filePool = new FilePool(file, concurrentReads);
        this.offset = 0L;
        this.length = file.length();
    }

    /**
     * Private constructor used to create a {@link #getSubsection(long, long) subsection}.
     * @param file the underlying file
     * @param pool the underlying pool
     * @param offset the offset of the section
     * @param length the length of the section
     */
    private RandomAccessDataFile(File file, FilePool pool, long offset, long length) {
        this.file = file;
        this.filePool = pool;
        this.offset = offset;
        this.length = length;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the underlying File.
     * @return the underlying file
     */
    public File getFile() {
        return this.file;
    }

    @Override
    public InputStream getInputStream(ResourceAccess access) throws IOException {
        return new DataInputStream(access);
    }

    @Override
    public RandomAccessData getSubsection(long offset, long length) {
        if (offset < 0 || length < 0 || offset + length > this.length) {
            throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
        }
        return new RandomAccessDataFile(this.file, this.filePool, this.offset + offset, length);
    }

    @Override
    public long getSize() {
        return this.length;
    }

    public void close() throws IOException {
        this.filePool.close();
    }

    /**
     * {@link RandomAccessDataFile}.
     */
    private class DataInputStream extends InputStream {

        private RandomAccessFile file;

        private int              position;

        DataInputStream(ResourceAccess access) throws IOException {
            if (access == ResourceAccess.ONCE) {
                this.file = new RandomAccessFile(RandomAccessDataFile.this.file, "r");
                this.file.seek(RandomAccessDataFile.this.offset);
            }
        }

        @Override
        public int read() throws IOException {
            return doRead(null, 0, 1);
        }

        @Override
        public int read(byte[] b) throws IOException {
            return read(b, 0, b == null ? 0 : b.length);
        }

        @Override
        public int read(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
            if (b == null) {
                throw new NullPointerException("Bytes must not be null");
            }
            return doRead(b, off, len);
        }

        /**
         * Perform the actual read.
         * @param b the bytes to read or {@code null} when reading a single byte
         * @param off the offset of the byte array
         * @param len the length of data to read
         * @return the number of bytes read into {@code b} or the actual read byte if
         * {@code b} is {@code null}. Returns -1 when the end of the stream is reached
         * @throws IOException in case of I/O errors
         */
        public int doRead(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
            if (len == 0) {
                return 0;
            }
            int cappedLen = cap(len);
            if (cappedLen <= 0) {
                return -1;
            }
            RandomAccessFile file = this.file;
            try {
                if (file == null) {
                    file = RandomAccessDataFile.this.filePool.acquire();
                    file.seek(RandomAccessDataFile.this.offset + this.position);
                }
                if (b == null) {
                    int rtn = file.read();
                    moveOn(rtn == -1 ? 0 : 1);
                    return rtn;
                } else {
                    return (int) moveOn(file.read(b, off, cappedLen));
                }
            } finally {
                if (this.file == null && file != null) {
                    RandomAccessDataFile.this.filePool.release(file);
                }
            }
        }

        @Override
        public long skip(long n) {
            return (n <= 0 ? 0 : moveOn(cap(n)));
        }

        @Override
        public void close() throws IOException {
            if (this.file != null) {
                this.file.close();
            }
        }

        /**
         * Cap the specified value such that it cannot exceed the number of bytes
         * remaining.
         * @param n the value to cap
         * @return the capped value
         */
        private int cap(long n) {
            return (int) Math.min(RandomAccessDataFile.this.length - this.position, n);
        }

        /**
         * Move the stream position forwards the specified amount.
         * @param amount the amount to move
         * @return the amount moved
         */
        private long moveOn(int amount) {
            this.position += amount;
            return amount;
        }

    }

    /**
     * Manage a pool that can be used to perform concurrent reads on the underlying
     * {@link RandomAccessFile}.
     */
    static class FilePool {

        private final File                    file;

        private final int                     size;

        private final Semaphore               available;

        private final Queue files;

        FilePool(File file, int size) {
            this.file = file;
            this.size = size;
            this.available = new Semaphore(size);
            this.files = new ConcurrentLinkedQueue<>();
        }

        public RandomAccessFile acquire() throws IOException {
            this.available.acquireUninterruptibly();
            RandomAccessFile file = this.files.poll();
            if (file != null) {
                return file;
            }
            return new RandomAccessFile(this.file, "r");
        }

        public void release(RandomAccessFile file) {
            this.files.add(file);
            this.available.release();
        }

        public void close() throws IOException {
            this.available.acquireUninterruptibly(this.size);
            try {
                RandomAccessFile pooledFile = this.files.poll();
                while (pooledFile != null) {
                    pooledFile.close();
                    pooledFile = this.files.poll();
                }
            } finally {
                this.available.release(this.size);
            }
        }

    }

}




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