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Public API for the Structure Plugin for JIRA
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package com.almworks.jira.structure.api.auth;

import com.almworks.jira.structure.api.structure.Structure;
import com.almworks.jira.structure.api.util.*;
import com.almworks.jira.structure.api.view.StructureView;
import io.atlassian.fugue.Option;
import io.atlassian.fugue.Pair;
import com.atlassian.jira.security.JiraAuthenticationContext;
import com.atlassian.jira.user.ApplicationUser;
import com.atlassian.jira.util.log.Log4jKit;
import org.apache.log4j.MDC;
import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;

import static io.atlassian.fugue.Option.option;
import static io.atlassian.fugue.Pair.pair;

/**
 * 
 * This class manages the current authentication context assumed when accessing, managing
 * and updating Structure entities such as {@link Structure} or {@link StructureView}.
 *
 * The context is local to the current thread.
 *
 * By default, the context equals to {@link JiraAuthenticationContext JIRA's authentication context}.
 * It is possible to specify another user or disable security checks; see {@link #sudo(ApplicationUser, boolean, CallableE)}) 
 * and {@link #sudo(CallableE)}.
 * */
public class StructureAuth {
  private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(StructureAuth.class);

  /**
   * Not using custom class to avoid leaking our classes through ThreadLocal.
   * Second component is "override security"
   * */
  private static final ThreadLocal, Boolean>> sudoContext = new ThreadLocal<>();
  private static final AtomicBoolean reportedNoAuthContext = new AtomicBoolean();

  /**
   * Returns the current user. If the user is not authenticated, i.e. the context is anonymous,
   * returns {@code null}. "Override security" setting does not influence this method.
   * 
   * @return the current user
   * */
  @Nullable
  public static ApplicationUser getUser() {
    Pair, Boolean> context = sudoContext.get();
    return context == null ? getJiraUser() : context.left().getOrNull();
  }

  /**
   * Returns {@link ApplicationUser#getKey() user key} of the current user. If the user is not authenticated, i.e.
   * the context is anonymous, returns {@code null}. "Override security" setting does not influence this method.
   *
   * @return key of the current user 
   * */
  @Nullable
  public static String getUserKey() {
    return JiraUsers.getKeyFor(getUser());
  }

  @Nullable
  private static ApplicationUser getJiraUser() {
    JiraAuthenticationContext jiraContext = JiraComponents.getJiraAuthenticationContext();
    if (jiraContext == null) {
      if (reportedNoAuthContext.compareAndSet(false, true)) {
        log.error("JIRA's ComponentAccessor does not provide authentication context. " +
          "Structure will behave as if everything is executed under anonymous user.");
      }
      return null;
    }
    return jiraContext.getLoggedInUser();
  }

  /**
   * Returns {@code true} if permission checks shouldn't be carried out in this context.
   * */
  public static boolean isSecurityOverridden() {
    Pair, Boolean> context = sudoContext.get();
    return context != null && context.right();
  }

  /**
   * Execute actions with Structure under a different authentication context - as another user,
   * and/or with all security checks disabled.
   * If you only need to override security while keeping user context intact, you can use
   * {@link #sudo(CallableE) a shorthand override}
   *
   * @param user the user, can be {@code null} to represent anonymous
   * @param overrideSecurity if true, user access level will not be checked for {@code f}
   * @param f the code to execute, this method will return the computed value.
   *          Can throw {@link E}, it will be propagated.
   * */
  public static  R sudo(@Nullable ApplicationUser user, boolean overrideSecurity, 
    CallableE f) throws E 
  {
    JiraAuthenticationContext jiraContext = JiraComponents.getJiraAuthenticationContext();
    ApplicationUser oldUser = jiraContext.getLoggedInUser();
    boolean sameUser = Objects.equals(user, oldUser);

    Pair, Boolean> oldContext = sudoContext.get();
    Boolean securityOverridden = oldContext != null && oldContext.right();

    if (sameUser && Objects.equals(overrideSecurity, securityOverridden)) {
      // no need to change the context
      return f.call();
    }

    sudoContext.set(pair(option(user), overrideSecurity));
    jiraContext.setLoggedInUser(user);

    String oldLoggingUsername = getOldLoggingUsername(oldUser);
    Log4jKit.putUserToMDC(getNewLoggingUsername(user, oldLoggingUsername, sameUser));

    try {
      return f.call();
    } finally {
      if (oldContext != null) {
        sudoContext.set(oldContext);
      } else {
        sudoContext.remove();
      }
      jiraContext.setLoggedInUser(oldUser);
      Log4jKit.putUserToMDC(oldLoggingUsername);
    }
  }

  private static String getNewLoggingUsername(@Nullable ApplicationUser user, @NotNull String oldLoggingUsername,
    boolean sameUser)
  {
    return sameUser ? oldLoggingUsername : getDisplayedUserName(user) + "<-" + oldLoggingUsername;
  }

  @NotNull
  private static String getOldLoggingUsername(ApplicationUser oldUser) {
    Object obj = MDC.get(Log4jKit.MDC_JIRA_USERNAME);
    if (obj != null) return obj.toString();
    return getDisplayedUserName(oldUser);
  }

  private static String getDisplayedUserName(@Nullable ApplicationUser user) {
    // start using ApplicationUser.getKey() when Atlassian starts using it
    return user == null ? "anonymous" : user.getName();
  }

  /**
   * Execute actions with Structure under the current JIRA user with all security checks disabled.
   * @param f the code to execute, this method will return the computed value.
   *          Can throw {@link E}, it will be propagated.
   * */
  public static  R sudo(CallableE f) throws E {
    return sudo(getUser(), true, f);
  }

  public static AuthContext currentContext() {
    Pair, Boolean> context = sudoContext.get();
    return context == null
      ? new AuthContext.Custom(getJiraUser(), false)
      : new AuthContext.Custom(context.left().getOrNull(), context.right());
  }
}