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/*-
* #%L
* Amazon Athena Query Federation SDK
* %%
* Copyright (C) 2019 - 2020 Amazon Web Services
* %%
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
* #L%
*/
package com.amazonaws.athena.connector.lambda.data;
import com.amazonaws.util.StringUtils;
import com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
import org.apache.arrow.vector.types.pojo.ArrowType;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.time.DateFormatUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.time.DateUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.time.Instant;
import java.time.LocalDate;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.ZoneId;
import java.time.ZonedDateTime;
import java.time.format.DateTimeParseException;
import java.util.Date;
import static java.util.Objects.requireNonNull;
/**
* Provides utility methods relating to formatting strings to date/datetime type
*/
public class DateTimeFormatterUtil
{
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DateTimeFormatterUtil.class);
private static final String[] SUPPORTED_DATETIME_FORMAT = {
DateFormatUtils.ISO_8601_EXTENDED_DATE_FORMAT.getPattern(), //"yyyy-MM-dd"
DateFormatUtils.ISO_8601_EXTENDED_DATETIME_FORMAT.getPattern(), //"yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss"
DateFormatUtils.ISO_8601_EXTENDED_DATETIME_TIME_ZONE_FORMAT.getPattern(), //"yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ssZZ"
"yyyyMMdd'T'HHmmss",
"yyyyMMdd'T'HHmmssZZ"
};
private static final ZoneId UTC_ZONE_ID = ZoneId.of("UTC");
// These values are used to transform a ZonedDateTime object to long
// by bit-shifting (MILLIS_SHIFT) UTC equivalent time in millis
// and &'ing with 12 bit representation of the timezone value in the ZonedDateTime.
// This encoding is from Presto's DateTimeEncoding.
private static final int TIME_ZONE_MASK = 0xFFF;
private static final int MILLIS_SHIFT = 12;
// By default this is enabled because this is the historical behavior
private static boolean packTimezone = true;
public static void disableTimezonePacking()
{
logger.info("Timezone packing disabled");
packTimezone = false;
}
// Enabling is only available in tests.
// In production, once an application calls disable we don't allow it to be
// re-enable it during the lifetime of the application since there is no
// use case for toggling this and this makes reasoning about what happpens
// when we investigate issues easier.
@VisibleForTesting
static void enableTimezonePacking()
{
logger.info("Timezone packing enabled");
packTimezone = true;
}
private DateTimeFormatterUtil()
{}
/**
* Transforms the raw string to LocalDate using the provided default format
*
* @param value raw value to be transformed to LocalDate
* @param dateFormat customer specified or inferred dateformat
* @param defaultTimeZone default timezone to be applied
* @return LocalDate object parsed from value
*/
public static LocalDate stringToLocalDate(String value, String dateFormat,
ZoneId defaultTimeZone)
{
if (StringUtils.isNullOrEmpty(dateFormat)) {
logger.info("Unable to parse {} as Date type due to invalid dateformat", value);
return null;
}
Date dateTransformedValue = stringToDate(value, dateFormat);
if (dateTransformedValue == null) {
return null;
}
return dateTransformedValue.toInstant()
.atZone(defaultTimeZone)
.toLocalDate();
}
/**
* Tries to parse the string value to ZonedDateTime, If fails, then falls back to the LocalDateTime with default zone
*
* @param value raw value to be transformed to LocalDateTime
* @param dateFormat customer specified or inferred dateformat
* @param defaultTimeZone default timezone to be applied
* @return LocalDateTime or ZonedDateTime object parsed from value
*/
public static Object stringToZonedDateTime(String value, String dateFormat, ZoneId defaultTimeZone)
{
try {
ZonedDateTime zdt = ZonedDateTime.parse(value);
logger.info("Parsed {} to ZonedDateTime {}", value, zdt.toString());
return zdt;
}
catch (DateTimeParseException e) {
logger.warn("Unable to parse {} as ZonedDateTime type due to invalid date format, " +
"Falling back to LocalDateTime using timezone {}", value, defaultTimeZone);
}
return stringToDateTime(value, dateFormat, defaultTimeZone);
}
/**
* Transforms the raw string to LocalDateTime using the provided default format
*
* @param value raw value to be transformed to LocalDateTime
* @param dateFormat customer specified or inferred dateformat
* @param defaultTimeZone default timezone to be applied
* @return LocalDateTime or ZonedDateTime object parsed from value
*/
public static Object stringToDateTime(String value, String dateFormat, ZoneId defaultTimeZone)
{
if (StringUtils.isNullOrEmpty(dateFormat)) {
logger.warn("Unable to parse {} as DateTime type due to invalid date format", value);
return null;
}
Date dateTransformedValue = stringToDate(value, dateFormat);
if (dateTransformedValue == null) {
return null;
}
return dateTransformedValue.toInstant()
.atZone(defaultTimeZone)
.toLocalDateTime();
}
/**
* Transforms big decimal value to LocalDate using the provided default format
*
* @param value raw value to be transformed to LocalDate
* @param defaultTimeZone default timezone to be applied
* @return LocalDate object parsed from value
*/
public static LocalDate bigDecimalToLocalDate(BigDecimal value, ZoneId defaultTimeZone)
{
Date dateTransformedValue = bigDecimalToDate(value);
if (dateTransformedValue == null) {
return null;
}
return dateTransformedValue.toInstant()
.atZone(defaultTimeZone)
.toLocalDate();
}
/**
* Transforms big decimal value to LocalDateTime using the provided default format
*
* @param value raw value to be transformed to LocalDateTime
* @param defaultTimeZone default timezone to be applied
* @return LocalDateTime object parsed from value
*/
public static LocalDateTime bigDecimalToLocalDateTime(BigDecimal value, ZoneId defaultTimeZone)
{
Date dateTransformedValue = bigDecimalToDate(value);
if (dateTransformedValue == null) {
return null;
}
return dateTransformedValue.toInstant()
.atZone(defaultTimeZone)
.toLocalDateTime();
}
/**
* Infers the date format to be used for the values in that column by passing through an array of supported formats
* this is then cached in DDDBRecordMetadata and reused so that the values in the same column
* does not have to be re-evaluated/parsed
*
* @param value string value to infer a date time format from
* @return string representing the datetime format
* null if it does not match any of the supported formats
*/
public static String inferDateTimeFormat(String value)
{
for (String datetimeFormat : SUPPORTED_DATETIME_FORMAT) {
try {
DateUtils.parseDate(value, datetimeFormat);
logger.info("Inferred format {} for value {}", datetimeFormat, value);
return datetimeFormat;
}
catch (ParseException ex) {
continue;
}
}
logger.warn("Failed to infer format for {}", value);
return null;
}
/**
* Parses the given raw string to the provided date format
* @param value raw string value to be parsed to Date object
* @param dateFormat date format to be used to parse
* @return date object that is parsed from raw value
*/
private static Date stringToDate(String value, String dateFormat)
{
try {
return DateUtils.parseDate(value, dateFormat);
}
catch (ParseException | IllegalArgumentException ex) {
logger.warn("Encountered value {} that is not consistent with inferred date/datetime format {}" +
" - will skip in result", value, dateFormat);
}
return null;
}
/**
* transforms big decimal value (epoch milli) to date
* @param value big decimal value containing epoch value
* @return date object derived from value
*/
private static Date bigDecimalToDate(BigDecimal value)
{
try {
return new Date(value.longValue());
}
catch (RuntimeException ex) {
logger.warn("Invalid long value to transform to Date object");
return null;
}
}
/**
* Extracts timezone value and time value (in millis in UTCC) from ZonedDateTime
* and uses Bit Operation* to create a single long value representing ZonedDateTime.
* This is the the same encoding as Presto's sql datetime type.
*
* Bit Operation* : bit-shifting (MILLIS_SHIFT) UTC equivalent time in millis
* and &'ing with 12 bit representation of the timezone value in the ZonedDateTime.
*
* @param zdt ZonedDateTime to extract timezone and time millis in UTC from
* @return long value representing ZonedDateTime
*/
private static long packDateTimeWithZone(ZonedDateTime zdt)
{
String zoneId = zdt.getZone().getId();
LocalDateTime zdtInUtc = zdt.withZoneSameInstant(UTC_ZONE_ID).toLocalDateTime();
return DateTimeFormatterUtil.packDateTimeWithZone(
zdtInUtc.atZone(UTC_ZONE_ID).toInstant().toEpochMilli(), zoneId);
}
/**
* Uses Bit Operation* to create a single long value representing timestamp with millisUtc and zoneId
*
* Bit Operation* : bit-shifting (MILLIS_SHIFT) UTC equivalent time in millis
* and &'ing with 12 bit representation of the timezone value in the ZonedDateTime.
*
* @param millisUtc UTC equivalent time in millis
* @param zoneId string value of the timezone (ex: UTC)
* @return long value representing ZonedDateTime
*/
private static long packDateTimeWithZone(long millisUtc, String zoneId)
{
TimeZoneKey timeZoneKey = TimeZoneKey.getTimeZoneKey(zoneId);
requireNonNull(timeZoneKey, "timeZoneKey is null");
return pack(millisUtc, timeZoneKey.getKey());
}
/**
* Bit operation used in packDateTimeWithZone
* @param millisUtc UTC equivalent time in millis
* @param timeZoneKey short value of the timezone (ex: UTC)
* @return long containing both millisUtc and timeZoneKey
*/
private static long pack(long millisUtc, short timeZoneKey)
{
return (millisUtc << MILLIS_SHIFT) | (timeZoneKey & TIME_ZONE_MASK);
}
/**
* Shift the datetime and timezone packed long by MILLIS_SHIFT to extract datetime portion
* @param dateTimeWithTimeZone datetime and timezone packed long
* @return extracted datetime from dateTimeWithTimeZone
*/
private static long unpackMillisUtc(long dateTimeWithTimeZone)
{
return dateTimeWithTimeZone >> MILLIS_SHIFT;
}
/**
* Bit operate on the datetime and timezone packed long with & TIME_ZONE_MASK to extract timezone portion
* @param dateTimeWithTimeZone datetime and timezone packed long
* @return extracted timezone from dateTimeWithTimeZone
*/
private static TimeZoneKey unpackZoneKey(long dateTimeWithTimeZone)
{
return TimeZoneKey.getTimeZoneKey((short) (dateTimeWithTimeZone & TIME_ZONE_MASK));
}
/**
* Reconstruct a ZonedDateTime given an epoch timestamp and its arrow type
* @param epochTimestamp this is the timestamp in epoch time. Possibly in packed form, where it contains the timezone.
* @param arrowType this is the arrowType that the value being passed in came from. The arrow type contains information about the units and timezone.
* @return ZonedDateTime the converted ZonedDateTime from the epochUtc timestamp and timezone either from the packed value or arrowType.
*/
public static ZonedDateTime constructZonedDateTime(long epochTimestamp, ArrowType.Timestamp arrowType)
{
org.apache.arrow.vector.types.TimeUnit timeunit = arrowType.getUnit();
ZoneId timeZone = ZoneId.of(arrowType.getTimezone());
if (packTimezone) {
if (!org.apache.arrow.vector.types.TimeUnit.MILLISECOND.equals(timeunit)) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Unpacking is only supported for milliseconds");
}
// arrowType's timezone is ignored in this case since the timezone is packed into the long
TimeZoneKey timeZoneKey = unpackZoneKey(epochTimestamp);
epochTimestamp = unpackMillisUtc(epochTimestamp);
timeZone = ZoneId.of(timeZoneKey.getId());
}
return Instant.EPOCH
.plus(epochTimestamp, DateTimeFormatterUtil.arrowTimeUnitToChronoUnit(timeunit))
.atZone(timeZone);
}
public static java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit arrowTimeUnitToChronoUnit(org.apache.arrow.vector.types.TimeUnit timeunit)
{
switch (timeunit) {
case MICROSECOND:
return java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit.MICROS;
case MILLISECOND:
return java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit.MILLIS;
case NANOSECOND:
return java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit.NANOS;
case SECOND:
return java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit.SECONDS;
}
throw new UnsupportedOperationException(String.format("Unsupported timeunit: %s", timeunit));
}
public static ZonedDateTime zonedDateTimeFromObject(Object value)
{
if (value instanceof ZonedDateTime) {
return (ZonedDateTime) value;
}
else if (value instanceof LocalDateTime) {
return ((LocalDateTime) value).atZone(ZoneId.of("UTC"));
}
else if (value instanceof Date) {
return ((Date) value).toInstant().atZone(ZoneId.of("UTC"));
}
throw new UnsupportedOperationException(String.format("Type: %s not supported", value.getClass()));
}
public static org.apache.arrow.vector.holders.TimeStampMilliTZHolder timestampMilliTzHolderFromObject(Object value, String targetTimeZoneId)
{
ZonedDateTime zdt = zonedDateTimeFromObject(value);
org.apache.arrow.vector.holders.TimeStampMilliTZHolder holder = new org.apache.arrow.vector.holders.TimeStampMilliTZHolder();
holder.timezone = zdt.getZone().getId();
holder.value = zdt.toInstant().toEpochMilli();
// Pack the timezone if packing is enabled.
// Note that it doesn't matter if we already also have the timezone
// set in the holder, since engines that expect packing will not be
// looking at that field.
// Also note that we are packing the original timezone for backwards compatibility
// because this is what Athena expects rather than using the target timezone.
if (packTimezone) {
holder.value = packDateTimeWithZone(holder.value, holder.timezone);
}
// epoch time is timezone agnostic, so we can set any target timezone without doing any
// extra conversion.
if (targetTimeZoneId != null) {
holder.timezone = targetTimeZoneId;
}
return holder;
}
public static org.apache.arrow.vector.holders.TimeStampMicroTZHolder timestampMicroTzHolderFromObject(Object value, String targetTimeZoneId)
{
if (packTimezone) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Packing for TimeStampMicroTZ is not currently supported");
}
ZonedDateTime zdt = zonedDateTimeFromObject(value);
// epoch time is timezone agnostic, so we can set any target timezone without doing any
// extra conversion.
String zone = targetTimeZoneId != null ? targetTimeZoneId : zdt.getZone().getId();
Instant instant = zdt.toInstant();
// From: https://stackoverflow.com/a/47869726
long epochMicros = java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMicros(instant.getEpochSecond()) +
instant.getLong(java.time.temporal.ChronoField.MICRO_OF_SECOND);
org.apache.arrow.vector.holders.TimeStampMicroTZHolder holder = new org.apache.arrow.vector.holders.TimeStampMicroTZHolder();
holder.timezone = zone;
holder.value = epochMicros;
return holder;
}
}
