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/*
* Copyright (C) 2011 The Android Open Source Project
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package com.android.tools.lint.checks;
import static com.android.SdkConstants.ATTR_DISCARD;
import static com.android.SdkConstants.ATTR_KEEP;
import static com.android.SdkConstants.ATTR_NAME;
import static com.android.SdkConstants.ATTR_SHRINK_MODE;
import static com.android.SdkConstants.DOT_JAVA;
import static com.android.SdkConstants.DOT_XML;
import static com.android.SdkConstants.TOOLS_PREFIX;
import static com.android.SdkConstants.XMLNS_PREFIX;
import static com.android.tools.lint.detector.api.LintUtils.findSubstring;
import static com.android.utils.SdkUtils.endsWithIgnoreCase;
import static com.google.common.base.Charsets.UTF_8;
import com.android.annotations.NonNull;
import com.android.annotations.Nullable;
import com.android.builder.model.AndroidProject;
import com.android.builder.model.BuildTypeContainer;
import com.android.builder.model.ClassField;
import com.android.builder.model.ProductFlavor;
import com.android.builder.model.ProductFlavorContainer;
import com.android.builder.model.SourceProvider;
import com.android.builder.model.Variant;
import com.android.ide.common.resources.ResourceUrl;
import com.android.resources.ResourceFolderType;
import com.android.resources.ResourceType;
import com.android.tools.lint.checks.ResourceUsageModel.Resource;
import com.android.tools.lint.detector.api.Category;
import com.android.tools.lint.detector.api.Context;
import com.android.tools.lint.detector.api.Detector.BinaryResourceScanner;
import com.android.tools.lint.detector.api.Detector.JavaPsiScanner;
import com.android.tools.lint.detector.api.Detector.XmlScanner;
import com.android.tools.lint.detector.api.Implementation;
import com.android.tools.lint.detector.api.Issue;
import com.android.tools.lint.detector.api.JavaContext;
import com.android.tools.lint.detector.api.LintUtils;
import com.android.tools.lint.detector.api.Location;
import com.android.tools.lint.detector.api.Project;
import com.android.tools.lint.detector.api.ResourceContext;
import com.android.tools.lint.detector.api.ResourceEvaluator;
import com.android.tools.lint.detector.api.ResourceXmlDetector;
import com.android.tools.lint.detector.api.Scope;
import com.android.tools.lint.detector.api.Severity;
import com.android.tools.lint.detector.api.TextFormat;
import com.android.tools.lint.detector.api.XmlContext;
import com.android.utils.XmlUtils;
import com.google.common.collect.Lists;
import com.google.common.collect.Sets;
import com.google.common.io.Files;
import com.intellij.psi.JavaElementVisitor;
import com.intellij.psi.JavaRecursiveElementVisitor;
import com.intellij.psi.PsiElement;
import com.intellij.psi.PsiField;
import com.intellij.psi.PsiImportStaticStatement;
import com.intellij.psi.PsiReferenceExpression;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.NamedNodeMap;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.EnumSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
/**
* Finds unused resources.
*/
public class UnusedResourceDetector extends ResourceXmlDetector implements JavaPsiScanner,
BinaryResourceScanner, XmlScanner {
private static final Implementation IMPLEMENTATION = new Implementation(
UnusedResourceDetector.class,
EnumSet.of(Scope.MANIFEST, Scope.ALL_RESOURCE_FILES, Scope.ALL_JAVA_FILES,
Scope.BINARY_RESOURCE_FILE, Scope.TEST_SOURCES));
/** Unused resources (other than ids). */
public static final Issue ISSUE = Issue.create(
"UnusedResources", //$NON-NLS-1$
"Unused resources",
"Unused resources make applications larger and slow down builds.",
Category.PERFORMANCE,
3,
Severity.WARNING,
IMPLEMENTATION);
/** Unused id's */
public static final Issue ISSUE_IDS = Issue.create(
"UnusedIds", //$NON-NLS-1$
"Unused id",
"This resource id definition appears not to be needed since it is not referenced " +
"from anywhere. Having id definitions, even if unused, is not necessarily a bad " +
"idea since they make working on layouts and menus easier, so there is not a " +
"strong reason to delete these.",
Category.PERFORMANCE,
1,
Severity.WARNING,
IMPLEMENTATION)
.setEnabledByDefault(false);
private final UnusedResourceDetectorUsageModel mModel =
new UnusedResourceDetectorUsageModel();
/**
* Whether the resource detector will look for inactive resources (e.g. resource and code
* references in source sets that are not the primary/active variant)
*/
public static boolean sIncludeInactiveReferences = true;
/**
* Constructs a new {@link UnusedResourceDetector}
*/
public UnusedResourceDetector() {
}
private void addDynamicResources(
@NonNull Context context) {
Project project = context.getProject();
AndroidProject model = project.getGradleProjectModel();
if (model != null) {
Variant selectedVariant = project.getCurrentVariant();
if (selectedVariant != null) {
for (BuildTypeContainer container : model.getBuildTypes()) {
if (selectedVariant.getBuildType().equals(container.getBuildType().getName())) {
addDynamicResources(project, container.getBuildType().getResValues());
}
}
}
ProductFlavor flavor = model.getDefaultConfig().getProductFlavor();
addDynamicResources(project, flavor.getResValues());
}
}
private void addDynamicResources(@NonNull Project project,
@NonNull Map resValues) {
Set keys = resValues.keySet();
if (!keys.isEmpty()) {
Location location = LintUtils.guessGradleLocation(project);
for (String name : keys) {
ClassField field = resValues.get(name);
ResourceType type = ResourceType.getEnum(field.getType());
if (type == null) {
// Highly unlikely. This would happen if in the future we add
// some new ResourceType, that the Gradle plugin (and the user's
// Gradle file is creating) and it's an older version of Studio which
// doesn't yet have this ResourceType in its enum.
continue;
}
Resource resource = mModel.declareResource(type, name, null);
resource.recordLocation(location);
}
}
}
@Override
public void afterCheckProject(@NonNull Context context) {
if (context.getPhase() == 1) {
Project project = context.getProject();
// Look for source sets that aren't part of the active variant;
// we need to make sure we find references in those source sets as well
// such that we don't incorrectly remove resources that are
// used by some other source set.
if (sIncludeInactiveReferences && project.isGradleProject() && !project.isLibrary()) {
AndroidProject model = project.getGradleProjectModel();
Variant variant = project.getCurrentVariant();
if (model != null && variant != null) {
addInactiveReferences(model, variant);
}
}
addDynamicResources(context);
mModel.processToolsAttributes();
List unusedResources = mModel.findUnused();
Set unused = Sets.newHashSetWithExpectedSize(unusedResources.size());
for (Resource resource : unusedResources) {
if (resource.isDeclared()
&& !resource.isPublic()
&& resource.type != ResourceType.PUBLIC) {
unused.add(resource);
}
}
// Remove id's if the user has disabled reporting issue ids
if (!unused.isEmpty() && !context.isEnabled(ISSUE_IDS)) {
// Remove all R.id references
List ids = Lists.newArrayList();
for (Resource resource : unused) {
if (resource.type == ResourceType.ID) {
ids.add(resource);
}
}
unused.removeAll(ids);
}
if (!unused.isEmpty() && !context.getDriver().hasParserErrors()) {
mModel.unused = unused;
// Request another pass, and in the second pass we'll gather location
// information for all declaration locations we've found
context.requestRepeat(this, Scope.ALL_RESOURCES_SCOPE);
}
} else {
assert context.getPhase() == 2;
// Report any resources that we (for some reason) could not find a declaration
// location for
Collection unused = mModel.unused;
if (!unused.isEmpty()) {
// Final pass: we may have marked a few resource declarations with
// tools:ignore; we don't check that on every single element, only those
// first thought to be unused. We don't just remove the elements explicitly
// marked as unused, we revisit everything transitively such that resources
// referenced from the ignored/kept resource are also kept.
unused = mModel.findUnused(Lists.newArrayList(unused));
if (unused.isEmpty()) {
return;
}
// Fill in locations for files that we didn't encounter in other ways
for (Resource resource : unused) {
Location location = resource.locations;
//noinspection VariableNotUsedInsideIf
if (location != null) {
continue;
}
// Try to figure out the file if it's a file based resource (such as R.layout) --
// in that case we can figure out the filename since it has a simple mapping
// from the resource name (though the presence of qualifiers like -land etc
// makes it a little tricky if there's no base file provided)
ResourceType type = resource.type;
if (type != null && LintUtils.isFileBasedResourceType(type)) {
String name = resource.name;
List folders = Lists.newArrayList();
List resourceFolders = context.getProject().getResourceFolders();
for (File res : resourceFolders) {
File[] f = res.listFiles();
if (f != null) {
folders.addAll(Arrays.asList(f));
}
}
if (!folders.isEmpty()) {
// Process folders in alphabetical order such that we process
// based folders first: we want the locations in base folder
// order
Collections.sort(folders, new Comparator() {
@Override
public int compare(File file1, File file2) {
return file1.getName().compareTo(file2.getName());
}
});
for (File folder : folders) {
if (folder.getName().startsWith(type.getName())) {
File[] files = folder.listFiles();
if (files != null) {
Arrays.sort(files);
for (File file : files) {
String fileName = file.getName();
if (fileName.startsWith(name)
&& fileName.startsWith(".", //$NON-NLS-1$
name.length())) {
resource.recordLocation(Location.create(file));
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
List sorted = Lists.newArrayList(unused);
Collections.sort(sorted);
Boolean skippedLibraries = null;
for (Resource resource : sorted) {
Location location = resource.locations;
if (location != null) {
// We were prepending locations, but we want to prefer the base folders
location = Location.reverse(location);
}
if (location == null) {
if (skippedLibraries == null) {
skippedLibraries = false;
for (Project project : context.getDriver().getProjects()) {
if (!project.getReportIssues()) {
skippedLibraries = true;
break;
}
}
}
if (skippedLibraries) {
// Skip this resource if we don't have a location, and one or
// more library projects were skipped; the resource was very
// probably defined in that library project and only encountered
// in the main project's java R file
continue;
}
}
// Keep in sync with getUnusedResource() below
String message = String.format("The resource `%1$s` appears to be unused",
resource.getField());
if (location == null) {
location = Location.create(context.getProject().getDir());
}
context.report(getIssue(resource), location, message);
}
}
}
}
/** Returns source providers that are not part of the given variant */
@NonNull
private static List getInactiveSourceProviders(
@NonNull AndroidProject project,
@NonNull Variant variant) {
Collection variants = project.getVariants();
List providers = Lists.newArrayList();
// Add other flavors
Collection flavors = project.getProductFlavors();
for (ProductFlavorContainer pfc : flavors) {
if (variant.getProductFlavors().contains(pfc.getProductFlavor().getName())) {
continue;
}
providers.add(pfc.getSourceProvider());
}
// Add other multi-flavor source providers
for (Variant v : variants) {
if (variant.getName().equals(v.getName())) {
continue;
}
SourceProvider provider = v.getMainArtifact().getMultiFlavorSourceProvider();
if (provider != null) {
providers.add(provider);
}
}
// Add other the build types
Collection buildTypes = project.getBuildTypes();
for (BuildTypeContainer btc : buildTypes) {
if (variant.getBuildType().equals(btc.getBuildType().getName())) {
continue;
}
providers.add(btc.getSourceProvider());
}
// Add other the other variant source providers
for (Variant v : variants) {
if (variant.getName().equals(v.getName())) {
continue;
}
SourceProvider provider = v.getMainArtifact().getVariantSourceProvider();
if (provider != null) {
providers.add(provider);
}
}
return providers;
}
private void recordInactiveJavaReferences(@NonNull File resDir) {
File[] files = resDir.listFiles();
if (files != null) {
for (File file : files) {
if (file.isDirectory()) {
recordInactiveJavaReferences(file);
} else if (file.getName().endsWith(DOT_JAVA)) {
try {
String java = Files.toString(file, UTF_8);
mModel.tokenizeJavaCode(java);
} catch (Throwable ignore) {
// Tolerate parsing errors etc in these files; they're user
// sources, and this is even for inactive source sets.
}
}
}
}
}
private void recordInactiveXmlResources(@NonNull File resDir) {
File[] resourceFolders = resDir.listFiles();
if (resourceFolders != null) {
for (File folder : resourceFolders) {
ResourceFolderType folderType = ResourceFolderType.getFolderType(folder.getName());
if (folderType != null) {
recordInactiveXmlResources(folderType, folder);
}
}
}
}
// Used for traversing resource folders *outside* of the normal Gradle variant
// folders: these are not necessarily on the project path, so we don't have PSI files
// for them
private void recordInactiveXmlResources(@NonNull ResourceFolderType folderType,
@NonNull File folder) {
File[] files = folder.listFiles();
if (files != null) {
for (File file : files) {
String path = file.getPath();
boolean isXml = endsWithIgnoreCase(path, DOT_XML);
try {
if (isXml) {
String xml = Files.toString(file, UTF_8);
Document document = XmlUtils.parseDocument(xml, true);
mModel.visitXmlDocument(file, folderType, document);
} else {
mModel.visitBinaryResource(folderType, file);
}
} catch (Throwable ignore) {
// Tolerate parsing errors etc in these files; they're user
// sources, and this is even for inactive source sets.
}
}
}
}
private void addInactiveReferences(@NonNull AndroidProject model,
@NonNull Variant variant) {
for (SourceProvider provider : getInactiveSourceProviders(model, variant)) {
for (File res : provider.getResDirectories()) {
// Scan resource directory
if (res.isDirectory()) {
recordInactiveXmlResources(res);
}
}
for (File file : provider.getJavaDirectories()) {
// Scan Java directory
if (file.isDirectory()) {
recordInactiveJavaReferences(file);
}
}
}
}
/**
* Given an error message created by this lint check, return the corresponding
* resource field name for the resource that is described as unused.
* (Intended to support quickfix implementations for this lint check.)
*
* @param errorMessage the error message originally produced by this detector
* @param format the format of the error message
* @return the corresponding resource field name, e.g. {@code R.string.foo}
*/
@Nullable
public static String getUnusedResource(@NonNull String errorMessage, @NonNull TextFormat format) {
errorMessage = format.toText(errorMessage);
return findSubstring(errorMessage, "The resource ", " appears ");
}
private static Issue getIssue(@NonNull Resource resource) {
return resource.type != ResourceType.ID ? ISSUE : ISSUE_IDS;
}
@Override
public boolean appliesTo(@NonNull ResourceFolderType folderType) {
return true;
}
// ---- Implements BinaryResourceScanner ----
@Override
public void checkBinaryResource(@NonNull ResourceContext context) {
mModel.context = context;
try {
mModel.visitBinaryResource(context.getResourceFolderType(), context.file);
} finally {
mModel.context = null;
}
}
// ---- Implements XmlScanner ----
@Override
public void visitDocument(@NonNull XmlContext context, @NonNull Document document) {
mModel.context = mModel.xmlContext = context;
try {
mModel.visitXmlDocument(context.file, context.getResourceFolderType(),
document);
} finally {
mModel.context = mModel.xmlContext = null;
}
}
// ---- Implements JavaScanner ----
@Override
public List> getApplicablePsiTypes() {
return Collections.>singletonList(PsiImportStaticStatement.class);
}
@Nullable
@Override
public JavaElementVisitor createPsiVisitor(@NonNull JavaContext context) {
if (context.getDriver().getPhase() == 1) {
return new UnusedResourceVisitor();
} else {
// Second pass, computing resource declaration locations: No need to look at Java
return null;
}
}
@Override
public boolean appliesToResourceRefs() {
return true;
}
@Override
public void visitResourceReference(@NonNull JavaContext context,
@Nullable JavaElementVisitor visitor, @NonNull PsiElement node,
@NonNull ResourceType type, @NonNull String name, boolean isFramework) {
if (!isFramework) {
ResourceUsageModel.markReachable(mModel.addResource(type, name, null));
}
}
// Look for references and declarations
private class UnusedResourceVisitor extends JavaElementVisitor {
public UnusedResourceVisitor() {
}
@Override
public void visitImportStaticStatement(PsiImportStaticStatement statement) {
if (mScannedForStaticImports) {
return;
}
if (statement.isOnDemand()) {
// Wildcard import of whole type:
// import static pkg.R.type.*;
// We have to do a more expensive analysis here to
// for example recognize "x" as a reference to R.string.x
mScannedForStaticImports = true;
statement.getContainingFile().accept(new JavaRecursiveElementVisitor() {
@Override
public void visitReferenceExpression(PsiReferenceExpression expression) {
PsiElement resolved = expression.resolve();
if (resolved instanceof PsiField) {
ResourceUrl url = ResourceEvaluator.getResourceConstant(resolved);
if (url != null && !url.framework) {
Resource resource = mModel.addResource(url.type, url.name, null);
ResourceUsageModel.markReachable(resource);
}
}
super.visitReferenceExpression(expression);
}
});
} else {
PsiElement resolved = statement.resolve();
if (resolved instanceof PsiField) {
ResourceUrl url = ResourceEvaluator.getResourceConstant(resolved);
if (url != null && !url.framework) {
Resource resource = mModel.addResource(url.type, url.name, null);
ResourceUsageModel.markReachable(resource);
}
}
}
}
private boolean mScannedForStaticImports;
}
private static class UnusedResourceDetectorUsageModel extends ResourceUsageModel {
public XmlContext xmlContext;
public Context context;
public Set unused = Sets.newHashSet();
@NonNull
@Override
protected String readText(@NonNull File file) {
if (context != null) {
return context.getClient().readFile(file);
}
try {
return Files.toString(file, UTF_8);
} catch (IOException e) {
return ""; // Lint API
}
}
@Override
protected Resource declareResource(ResourceType type, String name, Node node) {
Resource resource = super.declareResource(type, name, node);
if (context != null) {
resource.setDeclared(context.getProject().getReportIssues());
if (context.getPhase() == 2 && unused.contains(resource)) {
if (xmlContext != null && xmlContext.getDriver().isSuppressed(xmlContext,
getIssue(resource), node)) {
resource.setKeep(true);
} else {
// For positions we try to use the name node rather than the
// whole declaration element
if (node == null || xmlContext == null) {
resource.recordLocation(Location.create(context.file));
} else {
if (node instanceof Element) {
Node attribute = ((Element) node).getAttributeNode(ATTR_NAME);
if (attribute != null) {
node = attribute;
}
}
resource.recordLocation(xmlContext.getLocation(node));
}
}
}
if (type == ResourceType.RAW &&isKeepFile(name, xmlContext)) {
// Don't flag raw.keep: these are used for resource shrinking
// keep lists
// http://tools.android.com/tech-docs/new-build-system/resource-shrinking
resource.setReachable(true);
}
}
return resource;
}
private static boolean isKeepFile(
@NonNull String name,
@Nullable XmlContext xmlContext) {
if ("keep".equals(name)) {
return true;
}
if (xmlContext != null && xmlContext.document != null) {
Element element = xmlContext.document.getDocumentElement();
if (element != null && element.getFirstChild() == null) {
NamedNodeMap attributes = element.getAttributes();
boolean found = false;
for (int i = 0, n = attributes.getLength(); i < n; i++) {
Node attr = attributes.item(i);
String nodeName = attr.getNodeName();
if (!nodeName.startsWith(XMLNS_PREFIX)
&& !nodeName.startsWith(TOOLS_PREFIX)) {
return false;
} else if (nodeName.endsWith(ATTR_SHRINK_MODE) ||
nodeName.endsWith(ATTR_DISCARD) ||
nodeName.endsWith(ATTR_KEEP)) {
found = true;
}
}
return found;
}
}
return false;
}
}
}
