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Cloudinary is a cloud service that offers a solution to a web application's entire image management pipeline. Upload images to the cloud. Automatically perform smart image resizing, cropping and conversion without installing any complex software. Integrate Facebook or Twitter profile image extraction in a snap, in any dimension and style to match your websiteâs graphics requirements. Images are seamlessly delivered through a fast CDN, and much much more. This Java library allows to easily integrate with Cloudinary in Java applications.

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package com.cloudinary.http5;


import com.cloudinary.Api;
import com.cloudinary.api.ApiResponse;
import com.cloudinary.api.exceptions.GeneralError;
import com.cloudinary.http5.api.Response;
import com.cloudinary.strategies.AbstractApiStrategy;
import com.cloudinary.utils.ObjectUtils;
import com.cloudinary.utils.StringUtils;
import org.apache.hc.client5.http.classic.methods.*;
import org.apache.hc.client5.http.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.hc.client5.http.impl.classic.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.hc.client5.http.impl.classic.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.hc.client5.http.impl.classic.HttpClients;
import org.apache.hc.core5.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.hc.core5.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.hc.core5.http.io.entity.EntityUtils;
import org.apache.hc.core5.http.io.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.hc.core5.net.URIBuilder;
import org.cloudinary.json.JSONException;
import org.cloudinary.json.JSONObject;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import static com.cloudinary.http5.ApiUtils.prepareParams;
import static com.cloudinary.http5.ApiUtils.setTimeouts;

public class ApiStrategy extends AbstractApiStrategy {

    private static final String APACHE_HTTP_CLIENT_VERSION = System.getProperty("apache.http.client.version", "5.3.1");

    private CloseableHttpClient client;

    @Override
    public void init(Api api) {
        super.init(api);

        this.client = HttpClients.custom()
                .setUserAgent(this.api.cloudinary.getUserAgent() + " ApacheHttpClient/" + APACHE_HTTP_CLIENT_VERSION)
                .build();
    }

    @SuppressWarnings({"rawtypes", "unchecked"})
    public ApiResponse callApi(Api.HttpMethod method, String apiUrl, Map params, Map options, String autorizationHeader) throws Exception {
        HttpUriRequestBase request = prepareRequest(method, apiUrl, params, options);

        request.setHeader("Authorization", autorizationHeader);

        return getApiResponse(request);
    }

    private ApiResponse getApiResponse(HttpUriRequestBase request) throws Exception {
        String responseData = null;
        int code = 0;
        CloseableHttpResponse response;
        try  {
            response = client.execute(request);
            code = response.getCode();
            HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
            if (entity != null) {
                responseData = EntityUtils.toString(entity, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new GeneralError("Error executing request: " + e.getMessage());
        }

        if (code != 200) {
            Map result;
            try {
                JSONObject responseJSON = new JSONObject(responseData);
                result = ObjectUtils.toMap(responseJSON);
            } catch (JSONException e) {
                throw new RuntimeException("Invalid JSON response from server " + e.getMessage());
            }

            // Extract the error message from the result map
            String message = (String) ((Map) result.get("error")).get("message");

            // Get the appropriate exception class based on status code
            Class exceptionClass = Api.CLOUDINARY_API_ERROR_CLASSES.get(code);
            if (exceptionClass != null) {
                Constructor exceptionConstructor = exceptionClass.getConstructor(String.class);
                throw exceptionConstructor.newInstance(message);
            } else {
                throw new GeneralError("Server returned unexpected status code - " + code + " - " + responseData);
            }
        }

        Map result;
        try {
            JSONObject responseJSON = new JSONObject(responseData);
            result = ObjectUtils.toMap(responseJSON);
        } catch (JSONException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Invalid JSON response from server " + e.getMessage());
        }

        return new Response(response, result);
    }

    @Override
    public ApiResponse callAccountApi(Api.HttpMethod method, String apiUrl, Map params, Map options, String authorizationHeader) throws Exception {
        // Prepare the request
        HttpUriRequestBase request = prepareRequest(method, apiUrl, params, options);

        // Add authorization header

        request.setHeader("Authorization", authorizationHeader);

        // Execute the request and return the response
        return getApiResponse(request);
    }

    private HttpUriRequestBase prepareRequest(Api.HttpMethod method, String apiUrl, Map params, Map options) throws URISyntaxException {
        HttpUriRequestBase request;

        String contentType = ObjectUtils.asString(options.get("content_type"), "urlencoded");

        switch (method) {
            case GET:
                URIBuilder uriBuilder = new URIBuilder(apiUrl);
                for (NameValuePair param : prepareParams(params)) {
                    uriBuilder.addParameter(param.getName(), param.getValue());
                }
                request = new HttpGet(uriBuilder.toString());
                break;
            case POST:
                request = new HttpPost(apiUrl);
                setEntity((HttpUriRequestBase) request, params, contentType);
                break;
            case PUT:
                request = new HttpPut(apiUrl);
                setEntity((HttpUriRequestBase) request, params, contentType);
                break;
            case DELETE:
                request = new HttpDelete(apiUrl);
                setEntity((HttpUriRequestBase) request, params, contentType);
                break;
            default:
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown HTTP method");
        }
        setTimeouts(request, options);
        return request;
    }

    private void setEntity(HttpUriRequestBase request, Map params, String contentType) {
        if ("json".equals(contentType)) {
            JSONObject json = ObjectUtils.toJSON(params);
            StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(json.toString(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
            request.setEntity(entity);
            request.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
        } else {
            List formParams = prepareParams(params);
            request.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formParams, StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
        }
    }
}