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/*
 *  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 *  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 *  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 *  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 *  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 *  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 *  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 *  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 *  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 *  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 *  limitations under the License.
 */

package java.util;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.lang.reflect.Array;

/**
 * {@code Arrays} contains static methods which operate on arrays.
 * 
 * @since 1.2
 */
public class Arrays {

    /* Specifies when to switch to insertion sort */
    private static final int SIMPLE_LENGTH = 7;

    private static class ArrayList extends AbstractList implements
            List, RandomAccess {


        private final E[] a;

        ArrayList(E[] storage) {
            if (storage == null) {
                throw new NullPointerException();
            }
            a = storage;
        }

        @Override
        public boolean contains(Object object) {
            if (object != null) {
                for (E element : a) {
                    if (object.equals(element)) {
                        return true;
                    }
                }
            } else {
                for (E element : a) {
                    if (element == null) {
                        return true;
                    }
                }
            }
            return false;
        }

        @Override
        public E get(int location) {
            try {
                return a[location];
            } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
                throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
            }
        }

        @Override
        public int indexOf(Object object) {
            if (object != null) {
                for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
                    if (object.equals(a[i])) {
                        return i;
                    }
                }
            } else {
                for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
                    if (a[i] == null) {
                        return i;
                    }
                }
            }
            return -1;
        }

        @Override
        public int lastIndexOf(Object object) {
            if (object != null) {
                for (int i = a.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                    if (object.equals(a[i])) {
                        return i;
                    }
                }
            } else {
                for (int i = a.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                    if (a[i] == null) {
                        return i;
                    }
                }
            }
            return -1;
        }

        @Override
        public E set(int location, E object) {
            try {
                E result = a[location];
                a[location] = object;
                return result;
            } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
                throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
            } catch (ArrayStoreException e) {
                throw new ClassCastException();
            }
        }

        @Override
        public int size() {
            return a.length;
        }
    }

    private Arrays() {
        /* empty */
    }

    /**
     * Returns a {@code List} of the objects in the specified array. The size of the
     * {@code List} cannot be modified, i.e. adding and removing are unsupported, but
     * the elements can be set. Setting an element modifies the underlying
     * array.
     * 
     * @param array
     *            the array.
     * @return a {@code List} of the elements of the specified array.
     */
    public static  List asList(T... array) {
        return new ArrayList(array);
    }

    /**
     * Performs a binary search for the specified element in the specified
     * ascending sorted array. Searching in an unsorted array has an undefined
     * result. It's also undefined which element is found if there are multiple
     * occurrences of the same element.
     * 
     * @param array
     *            the sorted {@code byte} array to search.
     * @param value
     *            the {@code byte} element to find.
     * @return the non-negative index of the element, or a negative index which
     *         is {@code -index - 1} where the element would be inserted.
     */
    public static int binarySearch(byte[] array, byte value) {
        return binarySearch(array, 0, array.length, value);
    }

    /**
     * Performs a binary search for the specified element in the specified
     * sorted array.
     * 
     * @param array
     *            the sorted char array to search
     * @param value
     *            the char element to find
     * @return the non-negative index of the element, or a negative index which
     *         is the -index - 1 where the element would be inserted
     */
    public static int binarySearch(char[] array, char value) {
        return binarySearch(array, 0, array.length, value);
    }

    /**
     * Performs a binary search for the specified element in the specified
     * sorted array.
     * 
     * @param array
     *            the sorted double array to search
     * @param value
     *            the double element to find
     * @return the non-negative index of the element, or a negative index which
     *         is the -index - 1 where the element would be inserted
     */
    public static int binarySearch(double[] array, double value) {
        return binarySearch(array, 0, array.length, value);
    }

    /**
     * Performs a binary search for the specified element in the specified
     * sorted array.
     * 
     * @param array
     *            the sorted float array to search
     * @param value
     *            the float element to find
     * @return the non-negative index of the element, or a negative index which
     *         is the -index - 1 where the element would be inserted
     */
    public static int binarySearch(float[] array, float value) {
        return binarySearch(array, 0, array.length, value);
    }

    /**
     * Performs a binary search for the specified element in the specified
     * sorted array.
     * 
     * @param array
     *            the sorted int array to search
     * @param value
     *            the int element to find
     * @return the non-negative index of the element, or a negative index which
     *         is the -index - 1 where the element would be inserted
     */
    public static int binarySearch(int[] array, int value) {
        return binarySearch(array, 0, array.length, value);
    }

    /**
     * Performs a binary search for the specified element in the specified
     * sorted array.
     * 
     * @param array
     *            the sorted long array to search
     * @param value
     *            the long element to find
     * @return the non-negative index of the element, or a negative index which
     *         is the -index - 1 where the element would be inserted
     */
    public static int binarySearch(long[] array, long value) {
        return binarySearch(array, 0, array.length, value);
    }

    /**
     * Performs a binary search for the specified element in the specified
     * sorted array.
     * 
     * @param array
     *            the sorted Object array to search
     * @param object
     *            the Object element to find
     * @return the non-negative index of the element, or a negative index which
     *         is the -index - 1 where the element would be inserted
     * 
     * @exception ClassCastException
     *                when an element in the array or the search element does
     *                not implement Comparable, or cannot be compared to each
     *                other
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public static int binarySearch(Object[] array, Object object) {
        return binarySearch(array, 0, array.length, object);
    }

    /**
     * Performs a binary search for the specified element in the specified
     * sorted array using the Comparator to compare elements.
     * 
     * @param 
     *            type of object
     * 
     * @param array
     *            the sorted Object array to search
     * @param object
     *            the char element to find
     * @param comparator
     *            the Comparator
     * @return the non-negative index of the element, or a negative index which
     *         is the -index - 1 where the element would be inserted
     * 
     * @exception ClassCastException
     *                when an element in the array and the search element cannot
     *                be compared to each other using the Comparator
     */
    public static  int binarySearch(T[] array, T object,
            Comparator comparator) {
        return binarySearch(array, 0, array.length, object, comparator);
    }

    /**
     * Performs a binary search for the specified element in the specified
     * sorted array.
     * 
     * @param array
     *            the sorted short array to search
     * @param value
     *            the short element to find
     * @return the non-negative index of the element, or a negative index which
     *         is the -index - 1 where the element would be inserted
     */
    public static int binarySearch(short[] array, short value) {
        return binarySearch(array, 0, array.length, value);
    }

    /**
     * Performs a binary search for the specified element in a part of the
     * specified sorted array.
     * 
     * @param array
     *            the sorted byte array to search
     * @param startIndex
     *            the inclusive start index
     * @param endIndex
     *            the exclusive end index
     * @param value
     *            the byte element to find
     * @return the non-negative index of the element, or a negative index which
     *         is the -index - 1 where the element would be inserted
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException -
     *             if startIndex is bigger than endIndex
     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException -
     *             if startIndex is smaller than zero or or endIndex is bigger
     *             than length of array
     * @since 1.6
     */
    public static int binarySearch(byte[] array, int startIndex, int endIndex,
            byte value) {
        checkIndexForBinarySearch(array.length, startIndex, endIndex);
        int low = startIndex, mid = -1, high = endIndex - 1;
        while (low <= high) {
            mid = (low + high) >>> 1;
            if (value > array[mid]) {
                low = mid + 1;
            } else if (value == array[mid]) {
                return mid;
            } else {
                high = mid - 1;
            }
        }
        if (mid < 0) {
            int insertPoint = endIndex;
            for (int index = startIndex; index < endIndex; index++) {
                if (value < array[index]) {
                    insertPoint = index;
                }
            }
            return -insertPoint - 1;
        }
        return -mid - (value < array[mid] ? 1 : 2);
    }

    /**
     * Performs a binary search for the specified element in a part of the
     * specified sorted array.
     * 
     * @param array
     *            the sorted char array to search
     * @param startIndex
     *            the inclusive start index
     * @param endIndex
     *            the exclusive end index
     * @param value
     *            the char element to find
     * @return the non-negative index of the element, or a negative index which
     *         is the -index - 1 where the element would be inserted
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException -
     *             if startIndex is bigger than endIndex
     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException -
     *             if startIndex is smaller than zero or or endIndex is bigger
     *             than length of array
     * @since 1.6
     */
    public static int binarySearch(char[] array, int startIndex, int endIndex,
            char value) {
        checkIndexForBinarySearch(array.length, startIndex, endIndex);
        int low = startIndex, mid = -1, high = endIndex - 1;
        while (low <= high) {
            mid = (low + high) >>> 1;
            if (value > array[mid]) {
                low = mid + 1;
            } else if (value == array[mid]) {
                return mid;
            } else {
                high = mid - 1;
            }
        }
        if (mid < 0) {
            int insertPoint = endIndex;
            for (int index = startIndex; index < endIndex; index++) {
                if (value < array[index]) {
                    insertPoint = index;
                }
            }
            return -insertPoint - 1;
        }
        return -mid - (value < array[mid] ? 1 : 2);
    }

    /**
     * Performs a binary search for the specified element in a part of the
     * specified sorted array.
     * 
     * @param array
     *            the sorted double array to search
     * @param startIndex
     *            the inclusive start index
     * @param endIndex
     *            the exclusive end index
     * @param value
     *            the double element to find
     * @return the non-negative index of the element, or a negative index which
     *         is the -index - 1 where the element would be inserted
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException -
     *             if startIndex is bigger than endIndex
     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException -
     *             if startIndex is smaller than zero or or endIndex is bigger
     *             than length of array
     * @since 1.6
     */
    public static int binarySearch(double[] array, int startIndex,
            int endIndex, double value) {
        checkIndexForBinarySearch(array.length, startIndex, endIndex);
        long longBits = Double.doubleToLongBits(value);
        int low = startIndex, mid = -1, high = endIndex - 1;
        while (low <= high) {
            mid = (low + high) >>> 1;
            if (lessThan(array[mid], value)) {
                low = mid + 1;
            } else if (longBits == Double.doubleToLongBits(array[mid])) {
                return mid;
            } else {
                high = mid - 1;
            }
        }
        if (mid < 0) {
            int insertPoint = endIndex;
            for (int index = startIndex; index < endIndex; index++) {
                if (value < array[index]) {
                    insertPoint = index;
                }
            }
            return -insertPoint - 1;
        }
        return -mid - (lessThan(value, array[mid]) ? 1 : 2);
    }

    /**
     * Performs a binary search for the specified element in a part of the
     * specified sorted array.
     * 
     * @param array
     *            the sorted float array to search
     * @param startIndex
     *            the inclusive start index
     * @param endIndex
     *            the exclusive end index
     * @param value
     *            the float element to find
     * @return the non-negative index of the element, or a negative index which
     *         is the -index - 1 where the element would be inserted
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException -
     *             if startIndex is bigger than endIndex
     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException -
     *             if startIndex is smaller than zero or or endIndex is bigger
     *             than length of array
     * @since 1.6
     */
    public static int binarySearch(float[] array, int startIndex, int endIndex,
            float value) {
        checkIndexForBinarySearch(array.length, startIndex, endIndex);
        int intBits = Float.floatToIntBits(value);
        int low = startIndex, mid = -1, high = endIndex - 1;
        while (low <= high) {
            mid = (low + high) >>> 1;
            if (lessThan(array[mid], value)) {
                low = mid + 1;
            } else if (intBits == Float.floatToIntBits(array[mid])) {
                return mid;
            } else {
                high = mid - 1;
            }
        }
        if (mid < 0) {
            int insertPoint = endIndex;
            for (int index = startIndex; index < endIndex; index++) {
                if (value < array[index]) {
                    insertPoint = index;
                }
            }
            return -insertPoint - 1;
        }
        return -mid - (lessThan(value, array[mid]) ? 1 : 2);
    }

    /**
     * Performs a binary search for the specified element in a part of the
     * specified sorted array.
     * 
     * @param array
     *            the sorted int array to search
     * @param startIndex
     *            the inclusive start index
     * @param endIndex
     *            the exclusive end index
     * @param value
     *            the int element to find
     * @return the non-negative index of the element, or a negative index which
     *         is the -index - 1 where the element would be inserted
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException -
     *             if startIndex is bigger than endIndex
     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException -
     *             if startIndex is smaller than zero or or endIndex is bigger
     *             than length of array
     * @since 1.6
     */
    public static int binarySearch(int[] array, int startIndex, int endIndex,
            int value) {
        checkIndexForBinarySearch(array.length, startIndex, endIndex);
        int low = startIndex, mid = -1, high = endIndex - 1;
        while (low <= high) {
            mid = (low + high) >>> 1;
            if (value > array[mid]) {
                low = mid + 1;
            } else if (value == array[mid]) {
                return mid;
            } else {
                high = mid - 1;
            }
        }
        if (mid < 0) {
            int insertPoint = endIndex;
            for (int index = startIndex; index < endIndex; index++) {
                if (value < array[index]) {
                    insertPoint = index;
                }
            }
            return -insertPoint - 1;
        }
        return -mid - (value < array[mid] ? 1 : 2);
    }

    /**
     * Performs a binary search for the specified element in a part of the
     * specified sorted array.
     * 
     * @param array
     *            the sorted long array to search
     * @param startIndex
     *            the inclusive start index
     * @param endIndex
     *            the exclusive end index
     * @param value
     *            the long element to find
     * @return the non-negative index of the element, or a negative index which
     *         is the -index - 1 where the element would be inserted
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException -
     *             if startIndex is bigger than endIndex
     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException -
     *             if startIndex is smaller than zero or or endIndex is bigger
     *             than length of array
     * @since 1.6
     */
    public static int binarySearch(long[] array, int startIndex, int endIndex,
            long value) {
        checkIndexForBinarySearch(array.length, startIndex, endIndex);
        int low = startIndex, mid = -1, high = endIndex - 1;
        while (low <= high) {
            mid = (low + high) >>> 1;
            if (value > array[mid]) {
                low = mid + 1;
            } else if (value == array[mid]) {
                return mid;
            } else {
                high = mid - 1;
            }
        }
        if (mid < 0) {
            int insertPoint = endIndex;
            for (int index = startIndex; index < endIndex; index++) {
                if (value < array[index]) {
                    insertPoint = index;
                }
            }
            return -insertPoint - 1;
        }
        return -mid - (value < array[mid] ? 1 : 2);
    }

    /**
     * Performs a binary search for the specified element in a part of the
     * specified sorted array.
     * 
     * @param array
     *            the sorted Object array to search
     * @param startIndex
     *            the inclusive start index
     * @param endIndex
     *            the exclusive end index
     * @param object
     *            the object element to find
     * @return the non-negative index of the element, or a negative index which
     *         is the -index - 1 where the element would be inserted
     * @throws ClassCastException
     *             when an element in the array or the search element does not
     *             implement Comparable, or cannot be compared to each other
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException -
     *             if startIndex is bigger than endIndex
     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException -
     *             if startIndex is smaller than zero or or endIndex is bigger
     *             than length of array
     * @since 1.6
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public static int binarySearch(Object[] array, int startIndex,
            int endIndex, Object object) {
        checkIndexForBinarySearch(array.length, startIndex, endIndex);
        if (array.length == 0) {
            return -1;
        }

        int low = startIndex, mid = -1, high = endIndex - 1, result = 0;
        while (low <= high) {
            mid = (low + high) >>> 1;
            if ((result = ((java.lang.Comparable)array[mid]).compareTo(object)) < 0){
                low = mid + 1;
            } else if (result == 0) {
                return mid;
            } else {
                high = mid - 1;
            }
        }
        if (mid < 0) {
            int insertPoint = endIndex;
            for (int index = startIndex; index < endIndex; index++) {
                if (((java.lang.Comparable) object).compareTo(array[index]) < 0) {
                    insertPoint = index;
                }
            }
            return -insertPoint - 1;
        }
        return -mid - (result >= 0 ? 1 : 2);
    }

    /**
     * Performs a binary search for the specified element in a part of the
     * specified sorted array using the Comparator to compare elements.
     * 
     * @param 
     *            type of object
     * @param array
     *            the sorted Object array to search
     * @param startIndex
     *            the inclusive start index
     * @param endIndex
     *            the exclusive end index
     * @param object
     *            the value element to find
     * @param comparator
     *            the Comparator
     * @return the non-negative index of the element, or a negative index which
     *         is the -index - 1 where the element would be inserted
     * @throws ClassCastException
     *             when an element in the array and the search element cannot be
     *             compared to each other using the Comparator
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException -
     *             if startIndex is bigger than endIndex
     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException -
     *             if startIndex is smaller than zero or or endIndex is bigger
     *             than length of array
     * @since 1.6
     */
    public static  int binarySearch(T[] array, int startIndex, int endIndex,
            T object, Comparator comparator) {
        checkIndexForBinarySearch(array.length, startIndex, endIndex);
        if (comparator == null) {
            return binarySearch(array, startIndex, endIndex, object);
        }

        int low = startIndex, mid = -1, high = endIndex - 1, result = 0;
        while (low <= high) {
            mid = (low + high) >>> 1;
            if ((result = comparator.compare(array[mid], object)) < 0) {
                low = mid + 1;
            } else if (result == 0) {
                return mid;
            } else {
                high = mid - 1;
            }
        }
        if (mid < 0) {
            int insertPoint = endIndex;
            for (int index = startIndex; index < endIndex; index++) {
                if (comparator.compare(object, array[index]) < 0) {
                    insertPoint = index;
                }
            }
            return -insertPoint - 1;
        }
        return -mid - (result >= 0 ? 1 : 2);
    }

    /**
     * Performs a binary search for the specified element in a part of the
     * specified sorted array.
     * 
     * @param array
     *            the sorted short array to search
     * @param startIndex
     *            the inclusive start index
     * @param endIndex
     *            the exclusive end index
     * @param value
     *            the short element to find
     * @return the non-negative index of the element, or a negative index which
     *         is the -index - 1 where the element would be inserted
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException -
     *             if startIndex is bigger than endIndex
     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException -
     *             if startIndex is smaller than zero or or endIndex is bigger
     *             than length of array
     * @since 1.6
     */
    public static int binarySearch(short[] array, int startIndex, int endIndex,
            short value) {
        checkIndexForBinarySearch(array.length, startIndex, endIndex);
        int low = startIndex, mid = -1, high = endIndex - 1;
        while (low <= high) {
            mid = (low + high) >>> 1;
            if (value > array[mid]) {
                low = mid + 1;
            } else if (value == array[mid]) {
                return mid;
            } else {
                high = mid - 1;
            }
        }
        if (mid < 0) {
            int insertPoint = endIndex;
            for (int index = startIndex; index < endIndex; index++) {
                if (value < array[index]) {
                    insertPoint = index;
                }
            }
            return -insertPoint - 1;
        }
        return -mid - (value < array[mid] ? 1 : 2);
    }

    /**
     * Fills the array with the given value.
     * 
     * @param length
     *            length of the array
     * @param start
     *            start index
     * @param end
     *            end index
     */
    private static void checkIndexForBinarySearch(int length, int start, int end) {
        if (start > end) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException();
        }
        if (length < end || 0 > start) {
            throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Fills the specified array with the specified element.
     * @param array
     *            the {@code byte} array to fill.
     * @param value
     *            the {@code byte} element.
     */
    public static void fill(byte[] array, byte value) {
        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
            array[i] = value;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Fills the specified range in the array with the specified element.
     * 
     * @param array
     *            the {@code byte} array to fill.
     * @param start
     *            the first index to fill.
     * @param end
     *            the last + 1 index to fill.
     * @param value
     *            the {@code byte} element.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
     *                if {@code start > end}.
     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
     *                if {@code start < 0} or {@code end > array.length}.
     */
    public static void fill(byte[] array, int start, int end, byte value) {
        checkBounds(array.length, start, end);
        for (int i = start; i < end; i++) {
            array[i] = value;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Fills the specified array with the specified element.
     * 
     * @param array
     *            the {@code short} array to fill.
     * @param value
     *            the {@code short} element.
     */
    public static void fill(short[] array, short value) {
        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
            array[i] = value;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Fills the specified range in the array with the specified element.
     * 
     * @param array
     *            the {@code short} array to fill.
     * @param start
     *            the first index to fill.
     * @param end
     *            the last + 1 index to fill.
     * @param value
     *            the {@code short} element.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
     *                if {@code start > end}.
     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
     *                if {@code start < 0} or {@code end > array.length}.
     */
    public static void fill(short[] array, int start, int end, short value) {
        checkBounds(array.length, start, end);
        for (int i = start; i < end; i++) {
            array[i] = value;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Fills the specified array with the specified element.
     * 
     * @param array
     *            the {@code char} array to fill.
     * @param value
     *            the {@code char} element.
     */
    public static void fill(char[] array, char value) {
        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
            array[i] = value;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Fills the specified range in the array with the specified element.
     * 
     * @param array
     *            the {@code char} array to fill.
     * @param start
     *            the first index to fill.
     * @param end
     *            the last + 1 index to fill.
     * @param value
     *            the {@code char} element.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
     *                if {@code start > end}.
     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
     *                if {@code start < 0} or {@code end > array.length}.
     */
    public static void fill(char[] array, int start, int end, char value) {
        checkBounds(array.length, start, end);
        for (int i = start; i < end; i++) {
            array[i] = value;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Fills the specified array with the specified element.
     * 
     * @param array
     *            the {@code int} array to fill.
     * @param value
     *            the {@code int} element.
     */
    public static void fill(int[] array, int value) {
        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
            array[i] = value;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Fills the specified range in the array with the specified element.
     * 
     * @param array
     *            the {@code int} array to fill.
     * @param start
     *            the first index to fill.
     * @param end
     *            the last + 1 index to fill.
     * @param value
     *            the {@code int} element.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
     *                if {@code start > end}.
     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
     *                if {@code start < 0} or {@code end > array.length}.
     */
    public static void fill(int[] array, int start, int end, int value) {
        checkBounds(array.length, start, end);
        for (int i = start; i < end; i++) {
            array[i] = value;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Fills the specified array with the specified element.
     * 
     * @param array
     *            the {@code long} array to fill.
     * @param value
     *            the {@code long} element.
     */
    public static void fill(long[] array, long value) {
        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
            array[i] = value;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Fills the specified range in the array with the specified element.
     * 
     * @param array
     *            the {@code long} array to fill.
     * @param start
     *            the first index to fill.
     * @param end
     *            the last + 1 index to fill.
     * @param value
     *            the {@code long} element.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
     *                if {@code start > end}.
     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
     *                if {@code start < 0} or {@code end > array.length}.
     */
    public static void fill(long[] array, int start, int end, long value) {
        checkBounds(array.length, start, end);
        for (int i = start; i < end; i++) {
            array[i] = value;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Fills the specified array with the specified element.
     * 
     * @param array
     *            the {@code float} array to fill.
     * @param value
     *            the {@code float} element.
     */
    public static void fill(float[] array, float value) {
        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
            array[i] = value;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Fills the specified range in the array with the specified element.
     * 
     * @param array
     *            the {@code float} array to fill.
     * @param start
     *            the first index to fill.
     * @param end
     *            the last + 1 index to fill.
     * @param value
     *            the {@code float} element.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
     *                if {@code start > end}.
     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
     *                if {@code start < 0} or {@code end > array.length}.
     */
    public static void fill(float[] array, int start, int end, float value) {
        checkBounds(array.length, start, end);
        for (int i = start; i < end; i++) {
            array[i] = value;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Fills the specified array with the specified element.
     * 
     * @param array
     *            the {@code double} array to fill.
     * @param value
     *            the {@code double} element.
     */
    public static void fill(double[] array, double value) {
        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
            array[i] = value;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Fills the specified range in the array with the specified element.
     * 
     * @param array
     *            the {@code double} array to fill.
     * @param start
     *            the first index to fill.
     * @param end
     *            the last + 1 index to fill.
     * @param value
     *            the {@code double} element.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
     *                if {@code start > end}.
     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
     *                if {@code start < 0} or {@code end > array.length}.
     */
    public static void fill(double[] array, int start, int end, double value) {
        checkBounds(array.length, start, end);
        for (int i = start; i < end; i++) {
            array[i] = value;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Fills the specified array with the specified element.
     * 
     * @param array
     *            the {@code boolean} array to fill.
     * @param value
     *            the {@code boolean} element.
     */
    public static void fill(boolean[] array, boolean value) {
        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
            array[i] = value;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Fills the specified range in the array with the specified element.
     * 
     * @param array
     *            the {@code boolean} array to fill.
     * @param start
     *            the first index to fill.
     * @param end
     *            the last + 1 index to fill.
     * @param value
     *            the {@code boolean} element.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
     *                if {@code start > end}.
     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
     *                if {@code start < 0} or {@code end > array.length}.
     */
    public static void fill(boolean[] array, int start, int end, boolean value) {
        checkBounds(array.length, start, end);
        for (int i = start; i < end; i++) {
            array[i] = value;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Fills the specified array with the specified element.
     * 
     * @param array
     *            the {@code Object} array to fill.
     * @param value
     *            the {@code Object} element.
     */
    public static void fill(Object[] array, Object value) {
        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
            array[i] = value;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Fills the specified range in the array with the specified element.
     * 
     * @param array
     *            the {@code Object} array to fill.
     * @param start
     *            the first index to fill.
     * @param end
     *            the last + 1 index to fill.
     * @param value
     *            the {@code Object} element.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
     *                if {@code start > end}.
     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
     *                if {@code start < 0} or {@code end > array.length}.
     */
    public static void fill(Object[] array, int start, int end, Object value) {
        checkBounds(array.length, start, end);
        for (int i = start; i < end; i++) {
            array[i] = value;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns a hash code based on the contents of the given array. For any two
     * {@code boolean} arrays {@code a} and {@code b}, if
     * {@code Arrays.equals(a, b)} returns {@code true}, it means
     * that the return value of {@code Arrays.hashCode(a)} equals {@code Arrays.hashCode(b)}.
     * 

* The value returned by this method is the same value as the * {@link List#hashCode()}} method which is invoked on a {@link List}} * containing a sequence of {@link Boolean}} instances representing the * elements of array in the same order. If the array is {@code null}, the return * value is 0. * * @param array * the array whose hash code to compute. * @return the hash code for {@code array}. */ public static int hashCode(boolean[] array) { if (array == null) { return 0; } int hashCode = 1; for (boolean element : array) { // 1231, 1237 are hash code values for boolean value hashCode = 31 * hashCode + (element ? 1231 : 1237); } return hashCode; } /** * Returns a hash code based on the contents of the given array. For any two * not-null {@code int} arrays {@code a} and {@code b}, if * {@code Arrays.equals(a, b)} returns {@code true}, it means * that the return value of {@code Arrays.hashCode(a)} equals {@code Arrays.hashCode(b)}. *

* The value returned by this method is the same value as the * {@link List#hashCode()}} method which is invoked on a {@link List}} * containing a sequence of {@link Integer}} instances representing the * elements of array in the same order. If the array is {@code null}, the return * value is 0. * * @param array * the array whose hash code to compute. * @return the hash code for {@code array}. */ public static int hashCode(int[] array) { if (array == null) { return 0; } int hashCode = 1; for (int element : array) { // the hash code value for integer value is integer value itself hashCode = 31 * hashCode + element; } return hashCode; } /** * Returns a hash code based on the contents of the given array. For any two * {@code short} arrays {@code a} and {@code b}, if * {@code Arrays.equals(a, b)} returns {@code true}, it means * that the return value of {@code Arrays.hashCode(a)} equals {@code Arrays.hashCode(b)}. *

* The value returned by this method is the same value as the * {@link List#hashCode()}} method which is invoked on a {@link List}} * containing a sequence of {@link Short}} instances representing the * elements of array in the same order. If the array is {@code null}, the return * value is 0. * * @param array * the array whose hash code to compute. * @return the hash code for {@code array}. */ public static int hashCode(short[] array) { if (array == null) { return 0; } int hashCode = 1; for (short element : array) { // the hash code value for short value is its integer value hashCode = 31 * hashCode + element; } return hashCode; } /** * Returns a hash code based on the contents of the given array. For any two * {@code char} arrays {@code a} and {@code b}, if * {@code Arrays.equals(a, b)} returns {@code true}, it means * that the return value of {@code Arrays.hashCode(a)} equals {@code Arrays.hashCode(b)}. *

* The value returned by this method is the same value as the * {@link List#hashCode()}} method which is invoked on a {@link List}} * containing a sequence of {@link Character}} instances representing the * elements of array in the same order. If the array is {@code null}, the return * value is 0. * * @param array * the array whose hash code to compute. * @return the hash code for {@code array}. */ public static int hashCode(char[] array) { if (array == null) { return 0; } int hashCode = 1; for (char element : array) { // the hash code value for char value is its integer value hashCode = 31 * hashCode + element; } return hashCode; } /** * Returns a hash code based on the contents of the given array. For any two * {@code byte} arrays {@code a} and {@code b}, if * {@code Arrays.equals(a, b)} returns {@code true}, it means * that the return value of {@code Arrays.hashCode(a)} equals {@code Arrays.hashCode(b)}. *

* The value returned by this method is the same value as the * {@link List#hashCode()}} method which is invoked on a {@link List}} * containing a sequence of {@link Byte}} instances representing the * elements of array in the same order. If the array is {@code null}, the return * value is 0. * * @param array * the array whose hash code to compute. * @return the hash code for {@code array}. */ public static int hashCode(byte[] array) { if (array == null) { return 0; } int hashCode = 1; for (byte element : array) { // the hash code value for byte value is its integer value hashCode = 31 * hashCode + element; } return hashCode; } /** * Returns a hash code based on the contents of the given array. For any two * {@code long} arrays {@code a} and {@code b}, if * {@code Arrays.equals(a, b)} returns {@code true}, it means * that the return value of {@code Arrays.hashCode(a)} equals {@code Arrays.hashCode(b)}. *

* The value returned by this method is the same value as the * {@link List#hashCode()}} method which is invoked on a {@link List}} * containing a sequence of {@link Long}} instances representing the * elements of array in the same order. If the array is {@code null}, the return * value is 0. * * @param array * the array whose hash code to compute. * @return the hash code for {@code array}. */ public static int hashCode(long[] array) { if (array == null) { return 0; } int hashCode = 1; for (long elementValue : array) { /* * the hash code value for long value is (int) (value ^ (value >>> * 32)) */ hashCode = 31 * hashCode + (int) (elementValue ^ (elementValue >>> 32)); } return hashCode; } /** * Returns a hash code based on the contents of the given array. For any two * {@code float} arrays {@code a} and {@code b}, if * {@code Arrays.equals(a, b)} returns {@code true}, it means * that the return value of {@code Arrays.hashCode(a)} equals {@code Arrays.hashCode(b)}. *

* The value returned by this method is the same value as the * {@link List#hashCode()}} method which is invoked on a {@link List}} * containing a sequence of {@link Float}} instances representing the * elements of array in the same order. If the array is {@code null}, the return * value is 0. * * @param array * the array whose hash code to compute. * @return the hash code for {@code array}. */ public static int hashCode(float[] array) { if (array == null) { return 0; } int hashCode = 1; for (float element : array) { /* * the hash code value for float value is * Float.floatToIntBits(value) */ hashCode = 31 * hashCode + Float.floatToIntBits(element); } return hashCode; } /** * Returns a hash code based on the contents of the given array. For any two * {@code double} arrays {@code a} and {@code b}, if * {@code Arrays.equals(a, b)} returns {@code true}, it means * that the return value of {@code Arrays.hashCode(a)} equals {@code Arrays.hashCode(b)}. *

* The value returned by this method is the same value as the * {@link List#hashCode()}} method which is invoked on a {@link List}} * containing a sequence of {@link Double}} instances representing the * elements of array in the same order. If the array is {@code null}, the return * value is 0. * * @param array * the array whose hash code to compute. * @return the hash code for {@code array}. */ public static int hashCode(double[] array) { if (array == null) { return 0; } int hashCode = 1; for (double element : array) { long v = Double.doubleToLongBits(element); /* * the hash code value for double value is (int) (v ^ (v >>> 32)) * where v = Double.doubleToLongBits(value) */ hashCode = 31 * hashCode + (int) (v ^ (v >>> 32)); } return hashCode; } /** * Returns a hash code based on the contents of the given array. If the * array contains other arrays as its elements, the hash code is based on * their identities not their contents. So it is acceptable to invoke this * method on an array that contains itself as an element, either directly or * indirectly. *

* For any two arrays {@code a} and {@code b}, if * {@code Arrays.equals(a, b)} returns {@code true}, it means * that the return value of {@code Arrays.hashCode(a)} equals * {@code Arrays.hashCode(b)}. *

* The value returned by this method is the same value as the method * Arrays.asList(array).hashCode(). If the array is {@code null}, the return value * is 0. * * @param array * the array whose hash code to compute. * @return the hash code for {@code array}. */ public static int hashCode(Object[] array) { if (array == null) { return 0; } int hashCode = 1; for (Object element : array) { int elementHashCode; if (element == null) { elementHashCode = 0; } else { elementHashCode = (element).hashCode(); } hashCode = 31 * hashCode + elementHashCode; } return hashCode; } /** * Returns a hash code based on the "deep contents" of the given array. If * the array contains other arrays as its elements, the hash code is based * on their contents not their identities. So it is not acceptable to invoke * this method on an array that contains itself as an element, either * directly or indirectly. *

* For any two arrays {@code a} and {@code b}, if * {@code Arrays.deepEquals(a, b)} returns {@code true}, it * means that the return value of {@code Arrays.deepHashCode(a)} equals * {@code Arrays.deepHashCode(b)}. *

* The computation of the value returned by this method is similar to that * of the value returned by {@link List#hashCode()}} invoked on a * {@link List}} containing a sequence of instances representing the * elements of array in the same order. The difference is: If an element e * of array is itself an array, its hash code is computed by calling the * appropriate overloading of {@code Arrays.hashCode(e)} if e is an array of a * primitive type, or by calling {@code Arrays.deepHashCode(e)} recursively if e is * an array of a reference type. The value returned by this method is the * same value as the method {@code Arrays.asList(array).hashCode()}. If the array is * {@code null}, the return value is 0. * * @param array * the array whose hash code to compute. * @return the hash code for {@code array}. */ public static int deepHashCode(Object[] array) { if (array == null) { return 0; } int hashCode = 1; for (Object element : array) { int elementHashCode = deepHashCodeElement(element); hashCode = 31 * hashCode + elementHashCode; } return hashCode; } private static int deepHashCodeElement(Object element) { Class cl; if (element == null) { return 0; } return element.hashCode(); } /** * Compares the two arrays. * * @param array1 * the first {@code byte} array. * @param array2 * the second {@code byte} array. * @return {@code true} if both arrays are {@code null} or if the arrays have the * same length and the elements at each index in the two arrays are * equal, {@code false} otherwise. */ public static boolean equals(byte[] array1, byte[] array2) { if (array1 == array2) { return true; } if (array1 == null || array2 == null || array1.length != array2.length) { return false; } for (int i = 0; i < array1.length; i++) { if (array1[i] != array2[i]) { return false; } } return true; } /** * Compares the two arrays. * * @param array1 * the first {@code short} array. * @param array2 * the second {@code short} array. * @return {@code true} if both arrays are {@code null} or if the arrays have the * same length and the elements at each index in the two arrays are * equal, {@code false} otherwise. */ public static boolean equals(short[] array1, short[] array2) { if (array1 == array2) { return true; } if (array1 == null || array2 == null || array1.length != array2.length) { return false; } for (int i = 0; i < array1.length; i++) { if (array1[i] != array2[i]) { return false; } } return true; } /** * Compares the two arrays. * * @param array1 * the first {@code char} array. * @param array2 * the second {@code char} array. * @return {@code true} if both arrays are {@code null} or if the arrays have the * same length and the elements at each index in the two arrays are * equal, {@code false} otherwise. */ public static boolean equals(char[] array1, char[] array2) { if (array1 == array2) { return true; } if (array1 == null || array2 == null || array1.length != array2.length) { return false; } for (int i = 0; i < array1.length; i++) { if (array1[i] != array2[i]) { return false; } } return true; } /** * Compares the two arrays. * * @param array1 * the first {@code int} array. * @param array2 * the second {@code int} array. * @return {@code true} if both arrays are {@code null} or if the arrays have the * same length and the elements at each index in the two arrays are * equal, {@code false} otherwise. */ public static boolean equals(int[] array1, int[] array2) { if (array1 == array2) { return true; } if (array1 == null || array2 == null || array1.length != array2.length) { return false; } for (int i = 0; i < array1.length; i++) { if (array1[i] != array2[i]) { return false; } } return true; } /** * Compares the two arrays. * * @param array1 * the first {@code long} array. * @param array2 * the second {@code long} array. * @return {@code true} if both arrays are {@code null} or if the arrays have the * same length and the elements at each index in the two arrays are * equal, {@code false} otherwise. */ public static boolean equals(long[] array1, long[] array2) { if (array1 == array2) { return true; } if (array1 == null || array2 == null || array1.length != array2.length) { return false; } for (int i = 0; i < array1.length; i++) { if (array1[i] != array2[i]) { return false; } } return true; } /** * Compares the two arrays. The values are compared in the same manner as * {@code Float.equals()}. * * @param array1 * the first {@code float} array. * @param array2 * the second {@code float} array. * @return {@code true} if both arrays are {@code null} or if the arrays have the * same length and the elements at each index in the two arrays are * equal, {@code false} otherwise. * @see Float#equals(Object) */ public static boolean equals(float[] array1, float[] array2) { if (array1 == array2) { return true; } if (array1 == null || array2 == null || array1.length != array2.length) { return false; } for (int i = 0; i < array1.length; i++) { if (Float.floatToIntBits(array1[i]) != Float .floatToIntBits(array2[i])) { return false; } } return true; } /** * Compares the two arrays. The values are compared in the same manner as * {@code Double.equals()}. * * @param array1 * the first {@code double} array. * @param array2 * the second {@code double} array. * @return {@code true} if both arrays are {@code null} or if the arrays have the * same length and the elements at each index in the two arrays are * equal, {@code false} otherwise. * @see Double#equals(Object) */ public static boolean equals(double[] array1, double[] array2) { if (array1 == array2) { return true; } if (array1 == null || array2 == null || array1.length != array2.length) { return false; } for (int i = 0; i < array1.length; i++) { if (Double.doubleToLongBits(array1[i]) != Double .doubleToLongBits(array2[i])) { return false; } } return true; } /** * Compares the two arrays. * * @param array1 * the first {@code boolean} array. * @param array2 * the second {@code boolean} array. * @return {@code true} if both arrays are {@code null} or if the arrays have the * same length and the elements at each index in the two arrays are * equal, {@code false} otherwise. */ public static boolean equals(boolean[] array1, boolean[] array2) { if (array1 == array2) { return true; } if (array1 == null || array2 == null || array1.length != array2.length) { return false; } for (int i = 0; i < array1.length; i++) { if (array1[i] != array2[i]) { return false; } } return true; } /** * Compares the two arrays. * * @param array1 * the first {@code Object} array. * @param array2 * the second {@code Object} array. * @return {@code true} if both arrays are {@code null} or if the arrays have the * same length and the elements at each index in the two arrays are * equal according to {@code equals()}, {@code false} otherwise. */ public static boolean equals(Object[] array1, Object[] array2) { if (array1 == array2) { return true; } if (array1 == null || array2 == null || array1.length != array2.length) { return false; } for (int i = 0; i < array1.length; i++) { Object e1 = array1[i], e2 = array2[i]; if (!(e1 == null ? e2 == null : e1.equals(e2))) { return false; } } return true; } /** * Returns {@code true} if the two given arrays are deeply equal to one another. * Unlike the method {@code equals(Object[] array1, Object[] array2)}, this method * is appropriate for use for nested arrays of arbitrary depth. *

* Two array references are considered deeply equal if they are both {@code null}, * or if they refer to arrays that have the same length and the elements at * each index in the two arrays are equal. *

* Two {@code null} elements {@code element1} and {@code element2} are possibly deeply equal if any * of the following conditions satisfied: *

* {@code element1} and {@code element2} are both arrays of object reference types, and * {@code Arrays.deepEquals(element1, element2)} would return {@code true}. *

* {@code element1} and {@code element2} are arrays of the same primitive type, and the * appropriate overloading of {@code Arrays.equals(element1, element2)} would return * {@code true}. *

* {@code element1 == element2} *

* {@code element1.equals(element2)} would return {@code true}. *

* Note that this definition permits {@code null} elements at any depth. *

* If either of the given arrays contain themselves as elements, the * behavior of this method is uncertain. * * @param array1 * the first {@code Object} array. * @param array2 * the second {@code Object} array. * @return {@code true} if both arrays are {@code null} or if the arrays have the * same length and the elements at each index in the two arrays are * equal according to {@code equals()}, {@code false} otherwise. */ public static boolean deepEquals(Object[] array1, Object[] array2) { if (array1 == array2) { return true; } if (array1 == null || array2 == null || array1.length != array2.length) { return false; } for (int i = 0; i < array1.length; i++) { Object e1 = array1[i], e2 = array2[i]; if (!deepEqualsElements(e1, e2)) { return false; } } return true; } private static boolean deepEqualsElements(Object e1, Object e2) { Class cl1, cl2; if (e1 == e2) { return true; } if (e1 == null || e2 == null) { return false; } return e1.equals(e2); } private static boolean isSame(double double1, double double2) { // Simple case if (double1 == double2 && 0.0d != double1) { return true; } // Deal with NaNs if (Double.isNaN(double1)) { return Double.isNaN(double2); } if (Double.isNaN(double2)) { return false; } // Deal with +0.0 and -0.0 //long d1 = Double.doubleToRawLongBits(double1); //long d2 = Double.doubleToRawLongBits(double2); //return d1 == d2; return false; } private static boolean lessThan(double double1, double double2) { // A slightly specialized version of // Double.compare(double1, double2) < 0. // Non-zero and non-NaN checking. if (double1 < double2) { return true; } if (double1 > double2) { return false; } if (double1 == double2 && 0.0d != double1) { return false; } // NaNs are equal to other NaNs and larger than any other double. if (Double.isNaN(double1)) { return false; } else if (Double.isNaN(double2)) { return true; } // Deal with +0.0 and -0.0. //long d1 = Double.doubleToRawLongBits(double1); //long d2 = Double.doubleToRawLongBits(double2); return double1 < double2; } private static boolean isSame(float float1, float float2) { // Simple case if (float1 == float2 && 0.0d != float1) { return true; } // Deal with NaNs if (Float.isNaN(float1)) { return Float.isNaN(float2); } if (Float.isNaN(float2)) { return false; } // Deal with +0.0 and -0.0 //int f1 = Float.floatToRawIntBits(float1); //int f2 = Float.floatToRawIntBits(float2); return false; //f1 == f2; } private static boolean lessThan(float float1, float float2) { // A slightly specialized version of Float.compare(float1, float2) < 0. // Non-zero and non-NaN checking. if (float1 < float2) { return true; } if (float1 > float2) { return false; } if (float1 == float2 && 0.0f != float1) { return false; } // NaNs are equal to other NaNs and larger than any other float if (Float.isNaN(float1)) { return false; } else if (Float.isNaN(float2)) { return true; } // Deal with +0.0 and -0.0 //int f1 = Float.floatToRawIntBits(float1); //int f2 = Float.floatToRawIntBits(float2); return float1 < float2; } private static int med3(byte[] array, int a, int b, int c) { byte x = array[a], y = array[b], z = array[c]; return x < y ? (y < z ? b : (x < z ? c : a)) : (y > z ? b : (x > z ? c : a)); } private static int med3(char[] array, int a, int b, int c) { char x = array[a], y = array[b], z = array[c]; return x < y ? (y < z ? b : (x < z ? c : a)) : (y > z ? b : (x > z ? c : a)); } private static int med3(double[] array, int a, int b, int c) { double x = array[a], y = array[b], z = array[c]; return lessThan(x, y) ? (lessThan(y, z) ? b : (lessThan(x, z) ? c : a)) : (lessThan(z, y) ? b : (lessThan(z, x) ? c : a)); } private static int med3(float[] array, int a, int b, int c) { float x = array[a], y = array[b], z = array[c]; return lessThan(x, y) ? (lessThan(y, z) ? b : (lessThan(x, z) ? c : a)) : (lessThan(z, y) ? b : (lessThan(z, x) ? c : a)); } private static int med3(int[] array, int a, int b, int c) { int x = array[a], y = array[b], z = array[c]; return x < y ? (y < z ? b : (x < z ? c : a)) : (y > z ? b : (x > z ? c : a)); } private static int med3(long[] array, int a, int b, int c) { long x = array[a], y = array[b], z = array[c]; return x < y ? (y < z ? b : (x < z ? c : a)) : (y > z ? b : (x > z ? c : a)); } private static int med3(short[] array, int a, int b, int c) { short x = array[a], y = array[b], z = array[c]; return x < y ? (y < z ? b : (x < z ? c : a)) : (y > z ? b : (x > z ? c : a)); } /** * Sorts the specified array in ascending numerical order. * * @param array * the {@code byte} array to be sorted. */ public static void sort(byte[] array) { sort(0, array.length, array); } /** * Sorts the specified range in the array in ascending numerical order. * * @param array * the {@code byte} array to be sorted. * @param start * the start index to sort. * @param end * the last + 1 index to sort. * @throws IllegalArgumentException * if {@code start > end}. * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException * if {@code start < 0} or {@code end > array.length}. */ public static void sort(byte[] array, int start, int end) { if (array == null) { throw new NullPointerException(); } checkBounds(array.length, start, end); sort(start, end, array); } private static void checkBounds(int arrLength, int start, int end) { if (start > end) { // luni.35=Start index ({0}) is greater than end index ({1}) throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("" + start + " out of: " + end); } if (start < 0) { // luni.36=Array index out of range\: {0} throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("" + start); } if (end > arrLength) { // luni.36=Array index out of range\: {0} throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("" + end); } } private static void sort(int start, int end, byte[] array) { byte temp; int length = end - start; if (length < 7) { for (int i = start + 1; i < end; i++) { for (int j = i; j > start && array[j - 1] > array[j]; j--) { temp = array[j]; array[j] = array[j - 1]; array[j - 1] = temp; } } return; } int middle = (start + end) / 2; if (length > 7) { int bottom = start; int top = end - 1; if (length > 40) { length /= 8; bottom = med3(array, bottom, bottom + length, bottom + (2 * length)); middle = med3(array, middle - length, middle, middle + length); top = med3(array, top - (2 * length), top - length, top); } middle = med3(array, bottom, middle, top); } byte partionValue = array[middle]; int a, b, c, d; a = b = start; c = d = end - 1; while (true) { while (b <= c && array[b] <= partionValue) { if (array[b] == partionValue) { temp = array[a]; array[a++] = array[b]; array[b] = temp; } b++; } while (c >= b && array[c] >= partionValue) { if (array[c] == partionValue) { temp = array[c]; array[c] = array[d]; array[d--] = temp; } c--; } if (b > c) { break; } temp = array[b]; array[b++] = array[c]; array[c--] = temp; } length = a - start < b - a ? a - start : b - a; int l = start; int h = b - length; while (length-- > 0) { temp = array[l]; array[l++] = array[h]; array[h++] = temp; } length = d - c < end - 1 - d ? d - c : end - 1 - d; l = b; h = end - length; while (length-- > 0) { temp = array[l]; array[l++] = array[h]; array[h++] = temp; } if ((length = b - a) > 0) { sort(start, start + length, array); } if ((length = d - c) > 0) { sort(end - length, end, array); } } /** * Sorts the specified array in ascending numerical order. * * @param array * the {@code char} array to be sorted. */ public static void sort(char[] array) { sort(0, array.length, array); } /** * Sorts the specified range in the array in ascending numerical order. * * @param array * the {@code char} array to be sorted. * @param start * the start index to sort. * @param end * the last + 1 index to sort. * @throws IllegalArgumentException * if {@code start > end}. * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException * if {@code start < 0} or {@code end > array.length}. */ public static void sort(char[] array, int start, int end) { if (array == null) { throw new NullPointerException(); } checkBounds(array.length, start, end); sort(start, end, array); } private static void sort(int start, int end, char[] array) { char temp; int length = end - start; if (length < 7) { for (int i = start + 1; i < end; i++) { for (int j = i; j > start && array[j - 1] > array[j]; j--) { temp = array[j]; array[j] = array[j - 1]; array[j - 1] = temp; } } return; } int middle = (start + end) / 2; if (length > 7) { int bottom = start; int top = end - 1; if (length > 40) { length /= 8; bottom = med3(array, bottom, bottom + length, bottom + (2 * length)); middle = med3(array, middle - length, middle, middle + length); top = med3(array, top - (2 * length), top - length, top); } middle = med3(array, bottom, middle, top); } char partionValue = array[middle]; int a, b, c, d; a = b = start; c = d = end - 1; while (true) { while (b <= c && array[b] <= partionValue) { if (array[b] == partionValue) { temp = array[a]; array[a++] = array[b]; array[b] = temp; } b++; } while (c >= b && array[c] >= partionValue) { if (array[c] == partionValue) { temp = array[c]; array[c] = array[d]; array[d--] = temp; } c--; } if (b > c) { break; } temp = array[b]; array[b++] = array[c]; array[c--] = temp; } length = a - start < b - a ? a - start : b - a; int l = start; int h = b - length; while (length-- > 0) { temp = array[l]; array[l++] = array[h]; array[h++] = temp; } length = d - c < end - 1 - d ? d - c : end - 1 - d; l = b; h = end - length; while (length-- > 0) { temp = array[l]; array[l++] = array[h]; array[h++] = temp; } if ((length = b - a) > 0) { sort(start, start + length, array); } if ((length = d - c) > 0) { sort(end - length, end, array); } } /** * Sorts the specified array in ascending numerical order. * * @param array * the {@code double} array to be sorted. * @see #sort(double[], int, int) */ public static void sort(double[] array) { sort(0, array.length, array); } /** * Sorts the specified range in the array in ascending numerical order. The * values are sorted according to the order imposed by {@code Double.compareTo()}. * * @param array * the {@code double} array to be sorted. * @param start * the start index to sort. * @param end * the last + 1 index to sort. * @throws IllegalArgumentException * if {@code start > end}. * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException * if {@code start < 0} or {@code end > array.length}. * @see Double#compareTo(Double) */ public static void sort(double[] array, int start, int end) { if (array == null) { throw new NullPointerException(); } checkBounds(array.length, start, end); sort(start, end, array); } private static void sort(int start, int end, double[] array) { double temp; int length = end - start; if (length < 7) { for (int i = start + 1; i < end; i++) { for (int j = i; j > start && lessThan(array[j], array[j - 1]); j--) { temp = array[j]; array[j] = array[j - 1]; array[j - 1] = temp; } } return; } int middle = (start + end) / 2; if (length > 7) { int bottom = start; int top = end - 1; if (length > 40) { length /= 8; bottom = med3(array, bottom, bottom + length, bottom + (2 * length)); middle = med3(array, middle - length, middle, middle + length); top = med3(array, top - (2 * length), top - length, top); } middle = med3(array, bottom, middle, top); } double partionValue = array[middle]; int a, b, c, d; a = b = start; c = d = end - 1; while (true) { while (b <= c && !lessThan(partionValue, array[b])) { if (isSame(array[b], partionValue)) { temp = array[a]; array[a++] = array[b]; array[b] = temp; } b++; } while (c >= b && !lessThan(array[c], partionValue)) { if (isSame(array[c], partionValue)) { temp = array[c]; array[c] = array[d]; array[d--] = temp; } c--; } if (b > c) { break; } temp = array[b]; array[b++] = array[c]; array[c--] = temp; } length = a - start < b - a ? a - start : b - a; int l = start; int h = b - length; while (length-- > 0) { temp = array[l]; array[l++] = array[h]; array[h++] = temp; } length = d - c < end - 1 - d ? d - c : end - 1 - d; l = b; h = end - length; while (length-- > 0) { temp = array[l]; array[l++] = array[h]; array[h++] = temp; } if ((length = b - a) > 0) { sort(start, start + length, array); } if ((length = d - c) > 0) { sort(end - length, end, array); } } /** * Sorts the specified array in ascending numerical order. * * @param array * the {@code float} array to be sorted. * @see #sort(float[], int, int) */ public static void sort(float[] array) { sort(0, array.length, array); } /** * Sorts the specified range in the array in ascending numerical order. The * values are sorted according to the order imposed by {@code Float.compareTo()}. * * @param array * the {@code float} array to be sorted. * @param start * the start index to sort. * @param end * the last + 1 index to sort. * @throws IllegalArgumentException * if {@code start > end}. * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException * if {@code start < 0} or {@code end > array.length}. * @see Float#compareTo(Float) */ public static void sort(float[] array, int start, int end) { if (array == null) { throw new NullPointerException(); } checkBounds(array.length, start, end); sort(start, end, array); } private static void sort(int start, int end, float[] array) { float temp; int length = end - start; if (length < 7) { for (int i = start + 1; i < end; i++) { for (int j = i; j > start && lessThan(array[j], array[j - 1]); j--) { temp = array[j]; array[j] = array[j - 1]; array[j - 1] = temp; } } return; } int middle = (start + end) / 2; if (length > 7) { int bottom = start; int top = end - 1; if (length > 40) { length /= 8; bottom = med3(array, bottom, bottom + length, bottom + (2 * length)); middle = med3(array, middle - length, middle, middle + length); top = med3(array, top - (2 * length), top - length, top); } middle = med3(array, bottom, middle, top); } float partionValue = array[middle]; int a, b, c, d; a = b = start; c = d = end - 1; while (true) { while (b <= c && !lessThan(partionValue, array[b])) { if (isSame(array[b], partionValue)) { temp = array[a]; array[a++] = array[b]; array[b] = temp; } b++; } while (c >= b && !lessThan(array[c], partionValue)) { if (isSame(array[c], partionValue)) { temp = array[c]; array[c] = array[d]; array[d--] = temp; } c--; } if (b > c) { break; } temp = array[b]; array[b++] = array[c]; array[c--] = temp; } length = a - start < b - a ? a - start : b - a; int l = start; int h = b - length; while (length-- > 0) { temp = array[l]; array[l++] = array[h]; array[h++] = temp; } length = d - c < end - 1 - d ? d - c : end - 1 - d; l = b; h = end - length; while (length-- > 0) { temp = array[l]; array[l++] = array[h]; array[h++] = temp; } if ((length = b - a) > 0) { sort(start, start + length, array); } if ((length = d - c) > 0) { sort(end - length, end, array); } } /** * Sorts the specified array in ascending numerical order. * * @param array * the {@code int} array to be sorted. */ public static void sort(int[] array) { sort(0, array.length, array); } /** * Sorts the specified range in the array in ascending numerical order. * * @param array * the {@code int} array to be sorted. * @param start * the start index to sort. * @param end * the last + 1 index to sort. * @throws IllegalArgumentException * if {@code start > end}. * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException * if {@code start < 0} or {@code end > array.length}. */ public static void sort(int[] array, int start, int end) { if (array == null) { throw new NullPointerException(); } checkBounds(array.length, start, end); sort(start, end, array); } private static void sort(int start, int end, int[] array) { int temp; int length = end - start; if (length < 7) { for (int i = start + 1; i < end; i++) { for (int j = i; j > start && array[j - 1] > array[j]; j--) { temp = array[j]; array[j] = array[j - 1]; array[j - 1] = temp; } } return; } int middle = (start + end) / 2; if (length > 7) { int bottom = start; int top = end - 1; if (length > 40) { length /= 8; bottom = med3(array, bottom, bottom + length, bottom + (2 * length)); middle = med3(array, middle - length, middle, middle + length); top = med3(array, top - (2 * length), top - length, top); } middle = med3(array, bottom, middle, top); } int partionValue = array[middle]; int a, b, c, d; a = b = start; c = d = end - 1; while (true) { while (b <= c && array[b] <= partionValue) { if (array[b] == partionValue) { temp = array[a]; array[a++] = array[b]; array[b] = temp; } b++; } while (c >= b && array[c] >= partionValue) { if (array[c] == partionValue) { temp = array[c]; array[c] = array[d]; array[d--] = temp; } c--; } if (b > c) { break; } temp = array[b]; array[b++] = array[c]; array[c--] = temp; } length = a - start < b - a ? a - start : b - a; int l = start; int h = b - length; while (length-- > 0) { temp = array[l]; array[l++] = array[h]; array[h++] = temp; } length = d - c < end - 1 - d ? d - c : end - 1 - d; l = b; h = end - length; while (length-- > 0) { temp = array[l]; array[l++] = array[h]; array[h++] = temp; } if ((length = b - a) > 0) { sort(start, start + length, array); } if ((length = d - c) > 0) { sort(end - length, end, array); } } /** * Sorts the specified array in ascending numerical order. * * @param array * the {@code long} array to be sorted. */ public static void sort(long[] array) { sort(0, array.length, array); } /** * Sorts the specified range in the array in ascending numerical order. * * @param array * the {@code long} array to be sorted. * @param start * the start index to sort. * @param end * the last + 1 index to sort. * @throws IllegalArgumentException * if {@code start > end}. * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException * if {@code start < 0} or {@code end > array.length}. */ public static void sort(long[] array, int start, int end) { if (array == null) { throw new NullPointerException(); } checkBounds(array.length, start, end); sort(start, end, array); } private static void sort(int start, int end, long[] array) { long temp; int length = end - start; if (length < 7) { for (int i = start + 1; i < end; i++) { for (int j = i; j > start && array[j - 1] > array[j]; j--) { temp = array[j]; array[j] = array[j - 1]; array[j - 1] = temp; } } return; } int middle = (start + end) / 2; if (length > 7) { int bottom = start; int top = end - 1; if (length > 40) { length /= 8; bottom = med3(array, bottom, bottom + length, bottom + (2 * length)); middle = med3(array, middle - length, middle, middle + length); top = med3(array, top - (2 * length), top - length, top); } middle = med3(array, bottom, middle, top); } long partionValue = array[middle]; int a, b, c, d; a = b = start; c = d = end - 1; while (true) { while (b <= c && array[b] <= partionValue) { if (array[b] == partionValue) { temp = array[a]; array[a++] = array[b]; array[b] = temp; } b++; } while (c >= b && array[c] >= partionValue) { if (array[c] == partionValue) { temp = array[c]; array[c] = array[d]; array[d--] = temp; } c--; } if (b > c) { break; } temp = array[b]; array[b++] = array[c]; array[c--] = temp; } length = a - start < b - a ? a - start : b - a; int l = start; int h = b - length; while (length-- > 0) { temp = array[l]; array[l++] = array[h]; array[h++] = temp; } length = d - c < end - 1 - d ? d - c : end - 1 - d; l = b; h = end - length; while (length-- > 0) { temp = array[l]; array[l++] = array[h]; array[h++] = temp; } if ((length = b - a) > 0) { sort(start, start + length, array); } if ((length = d - c) > 0) { sort(end - length, end, array); } } /** * Sorts the specified array in ascending natural order. * * @param array * the {@code Object} array to be sorted. * @throws ClassCastException * if an element in the array does not implement {@code Comparable} * or if some elements cannot be compared to each other. * @see #sort(Object[], int, int) */ public static void sort(Object[] array) { sort(0, array.length, array); } /** * Sorts the specified range in the array in ascending natural order. All * elements must implement the {@code Comparable} interface and must be * comparable to each other without a {@code ClassCastException} being * thrown. * * @param array * the {@code Object} array to be sorted. * @param start * the start index to sort. * @param end * the last + 1 index to sort. * @throws ClassCastException * if an element in the array does not implement {@code Comparable} * or some elements cannot be compared to each other. * @throws IllegalArgumentException * if {@code start > end}. * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException * if {@code start < 0} or {@code end > array.length}. */ public static void sort(Object[] array, int start, int end) { if (array == null) { throw new NullPointerException(); } checkBounds(array.length, start, end); sort(start, end, array); } private static void sort(int start, int end, Object[] array) { int length = end - start; if (length <= 0) { return; } if (array instanceof String[]) { stableStringSort((String[]) array, start, end); } else { Object[] out = new Object[end]; System.arraycopy(array, start, out, start, length); mergeSort(out, array, start, end); } } /** * Swaps the elements at the given indices in the array. * * @param a - * the index of one element to be swapped. * @param b - * the index of the other element to be swapped. * @param arr - * the array in which to swap elements. */ private static void swap(int a, int b, Object[] arr) { Object tmp = arr[a]; arr[a] = arr[b]; arr[b] = tmp; } /** * Performs a sort on the section of the array between the given indices * using a mergesort with exponential search algorithm (in which the merge * is performed by exponential search). n*log(n) performance is guaranteed * and in the average case it will be faster then any mergesort in which the * merge is performed by linear search. * * @param in - * the array for sorting. * @param out - * the result, sorted array. * @param start * the start index * @param end * the end index + 1 */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") private static void mergeSort(Object[] in, Object[] out, int start, int end) { int len = end - start; // use insertion sort for small arrays if (len <= SIMPLE_LENGTH) { for (int i = start + 1; i < end; i++) { java.lang.Comparable current = (java.lang.Comparable) out[i]; Object prev = out[i - 1]; if (current.compareTo(prev) < 0) { int j = i; do { out[j--] = prev; } while (j > start && current.compareTo(prev = out[j - 1]) < 0); out[j] = current; } } return; } int med = (end + start) >>> 1; mergeSort(out, in, start, med); mergeSort(out, in, med, end); // merging // if arrays are already sorted - no merge if (((java.lang.Comparable) in[med - 1]).compareTo(in[med]) <= 0) { System.arraycopy(in, start, out, start, len); return; } int r = med, i = start; // use merging with exponential search do { java.lang.Comparable fromVal = (java.lang.Comparable) in[start]; java.lang.Comparable rVal = (java.lang.Comparable) in[r]; if (fromVal.compareTo(rVal) <= 0) { int l_1 = find(in, rVal, -1, start + 1, med - 1); int toCopy = l_1 - start + 1; System.arraycopy(in, start, out, i, toCopy); i += toCopy; out[i++] = rVal; r++; start = l_1 + 1; } else { int r_1 = find(in, fromVal, 0, r + 1, end - 1); int toCopy = r_1 - r + 1; System.arraycopy(in, r, out, i, toCopy); i += toCopy; out[i++] = fromVal; start++; r = r_1 + 1; } } while ((end - r) > 0 && (med - start) > 0); // copy rest of array if ((end - r) <= 0) { System.arraycopy(in, start, out, i, med - start); } else { System.arraycopy(in, r, out, i, end - r); } } /** * Performs a sort on the section of the array between the given indices * using a mergesort with exponential search algorithm (in which the merge * is performed by exponential search). n*log(n) performance is guaranteed * and in the average case it will be faster then any mergesort in which the * merge is performed by linear search. * * @param in - * the array for sorting. * @param out - * the result, sorted array. * @param start * the start index * @param end * the end index + 1 * @param c - * the comparator to determine the order of the array. */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") private static void mergeSort(Object[] in, Object[] out, int start, int end, Comparator c) { int len = end - start; // use insertion sort for small arrays if (len <= SIMPLE_LENGTH) { for (int i = start + 1; i < end; i++) { Object current = out[i]; Object prev = out[i - 1]; if (c.compare(prev, current) > 0) { int j = i; do { out[j--] = prev; } while (j > start && (c.compare(prev = out[j - 1], current) > 0)); out[j] = current; } } return; } int med = (end + start) >>> 1; mergeSort(out, in, start, med, c); mergeSort(out, in, med, end, c); // merging // if arrays are already sorted - no merge if (c.compare(in[med - 1],in[med] ) <= 0) { System.arraycopy(in, start, out, start, len); return; } int r = med, i = start; // use merging with exponential search do { Object fromVal = in[start]; Object rVal = in[r]; if (c.compare(fromVal, rVal) <= 0) { int l_1 = find(in, rVal, -1, start + 1, med - 1, c); int toCopy = l_1 - start + 1; System.arraycopy(in, start, out, i, toCopy); i += toCopy; out[i++] = rVal; r++; start = l_1 + 1; } else { int r_1 = find(in, fromVal, 0, r + 1, end - 1, c); int toCopy = r_1 - r + 1; System.arraycopy(in, r, out, i, toCopy); i += toCopy; out[i++] = fromVal; start++; r = r_1 + 1; } } while ((end - r) > 0 && (med - start) > 0); // copy rest of array if ((end - r) <= 0) { System.arraycopy(in, start, out, i, med - start); } else { System.arraycopy(in, r, out, i, end - r); } } /** * Finds the place in the given range of specified sorted array, where the * element should be inserted for getting sorted array. Uses exponential * search algorithm. * * @param arr - * the array with already sorted range * * @param val - * object to be inserted * * @param l - * the start index * * @param r - * the end index * * @param bnd - * possible values 0,-1. "-1" - val is located at index more then * elements equals to val. "0" - val is located at index less * then elements equals to val. * */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") private static int find(Object[] arr, java.lang.Comparable val, int bnd, int l, int r) { int m = l; int d = 1; while (m <= r) { if (val.compareTo(arr[m]) > bnd) { l = m + 1; } else { r = m - 1; break; } m += d; d <<= 1; } while (l <= r) { m = (l + r) >>> 1; if (val.compareTo(arr[m]) > bnd) { l = m + 1; } else { r = m - 1; } } return l - 1; } /** * Finds the place of specified range of specified sorted array, where the * element should be inserted for getting sorted array. Uses exponential * search algorithm. * * @param arr - * the array with already sorted range * @param val - * object to be inserted * @param l - * the start index * @param r - * the end index * @param bnd - * possible values 0,-1. "-1" - val is located at index more then * elements equals to val. "0" - val is located at index less * then elements equals to val. * @param c - * the comparator used to compare Objects */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") private static int find(Object[] arr, Object val, int bnd, int l, int r, Comparator c) { int m = l; int d = 1; while (m <= r) { if (c.compare(val, arr[m]) > bnd) { l = m + 1; } else { r = m - 1; break; } m += d; d <<= 1; } while (l <= r) { m = (l + r) >>> 1; if (c.compare(val, arr[m]) > bnd) { l = m + 1; } else { r = m - 1; } } return l - 1; } /* * returns the median index. */ private static int medChar(int a, int b, int c, String[] arr, int id) { int ac = charAt(arr[a], id); int bc = charAt(arr[b], id); int cc = charAt(arr[c], id); return ac < bc ? (bc < cc ? b : (ac < cc ? c : a)) : (bc < cc ? (ac < cc ? a : c) : b); } /* * Returns the char value at the specified index of string or -1 if the * index more than the length of this string. */ private static int charAt(String str, int i) { if (i >= str.length()) { return -1; } return str.charAt(i); } /** * Copies object from one array to another array with reverse of objects * order. Source and destination arrays may be the same. * * @param src - * the source array. * @param from - * starting position in the source array. * @param dst - * the destination array. * @param to - * starting position in the destination array. * @param len - * the number of array elements to be copied. */ private static void copySwap(Object[] src, int from, Object[] dst, int to, int len) { if (src == dst && from + len > to) { int new_to = to + len - 1; for (; from < to; from++, new_to--, len--) { dst[new_to] = src[from]; } for (; len > 1; from++, new_to--, len -= 2) { swap(from, new_to, dst); } } else { to = to + len - 1; for (; len > 0; from++, to--, len--) { dst[to] = src[from]; } } } /** * Performs a sort on the given String array. Elements will be re-ordered into * ascending order. * * @param arr - * the array to sort * @param start - * the start index * @param end - * the end index + 1 */ private static void stableStringSort(String[] arr, int start, int end) { stableStringSort(arr, arr, new String[end], start, end, 0); } /** * Performs a sort on the given String array. Elements will be re-ordered into * ascending order. Uses a stable ternary quick sort algorithm. * * @param arr - * the array to sort * @param src - * auxiliary array * @param dst - * auxiliary array * @param start - * the start index * @param end - * the end index + 1 * @param chId - * index of char for current sorting */ private static void stableStringSort(String[] arr, String[] src, String[] dst, int start, int end, int chId) { int length = end - start; // use insertion sort for small arrays if (length < SIMPLE_LENGTH) { if (src == arr) { for (int i = start + 1; i < end; i++) { String current = arr[i]; String prev = arr[i - 1]; if (current.compareTo(prev) < 0) { int j = i; do { arr[j--] = prev; } while (j > start && current.compareTo(prev = arr[j - 1]) < 0); arr[j] = current; } } } else { int actualEnd = end - 1; dst[start] = src[actualEnd--]; for (int i = start + 1; i < end; i++, actualEnd--) { String current = src[actualEnd]; String prev; int j = i; while (j > start && current.compareTo(prev = dst[j - 1]) < 0) { dst[j--] = prev; } dst[j] = current; } } return; } // Approximate median int s; int mid = start + length / 2; int lo = start; int hi = end - 1; if (length > 40) { s = length / 8; lo = medChar(lo, lo + s, lo + s * 2, src, chId); mid = medChar(mid - s, mid, mid + s, src, chId); hi = medChar(hi, hi - s, hi - s * 2, src, chId); } mid = medChar(lo, mid, hi, src, chId); // median found // create 4 pointers c (in end of dst) // i - current element; int midVal = charAt(src[mid], chId); int a, b, c; a = b = start; c = end - 1; int cmp; for (int i = start; i < end; i++) { String el = src[i]; cmp = charAt(el, chId) - midVal; if (cmp < 0) { src[a] = el; a++; } else if (cmp > 0) { dst[c] = el; c--; } else { dst[b] = el; b++; } } s = b - start; if (s > 0) { if (arr == src) { System.arraycopy(dst, start, arr, a, s); } else { copySwap(dst, start, arr, a, s); } if (b >= end && midVal == -1) { return; } stableStringSort(arr, arr, arr == dst ? src : dst, a, a + s, chId + 1); } s = a - start; if (s > 0) { stableStringSort(arr, src, dst, start, a, chId); } c++; s = end - c; if (s > 0) { stableStringSort(arr, dst, src, c, end, chId); } } /** * Sorts the specified range in the array using the specified {@code Comparator}. * All elements must be comparable to each other without a * {@code ClassCastException} being thrown. * * @param array * the {@code Object} array to be sorted. * @param start * the start index to sort. * @param end * the last + 1 index to sort. * @param comparator * the {@code Comparator}. * @throws ClassCastException * if elements in the array cannot be compared to each other * using the {@code Comparator}. * @throws IllegalArgumentException * if {@code start > end}. * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException * if {@code start < 0} or {@code end > array.length}. */ public static void sort(T[] array, int start, int end, Comparator comparator) { if (array == null) { throw new NullPointerException(); } checkBounds(array.length, start, end); sort(start, end, array, comparator); } private static void sort(int start, int end, T[] array, Comparator comparator) { if (comparator == null) { sort(start, end, array); } else { int length = end - start; Object[] out = new Object[end]; System.arraycopy(array, start, out, start, length); mergeSort(out, array, start, end, comparator); } } /** * Sorts the specified array using the specified {@code Comparator}. All elements * must be comparable to each other without a {@code ClassCastException} being thrown. * * @param array * the {@code Object} array to be sorted. * @param comparator * the {@code Comparator}. * @throws ClassCastException * if elements in the array cannot be compared to each other * using the {@code Comparator}. */ public static void sort(T[] array, Comparator comparator) { sort(0, array.length, array, comparator); } /** * Sorts the specified array in ascending numerical order. * * @param array * the {@code short} array to be sorted. */ public static void sort(short[] array) { sort(0, array.length, array); } /** * Sorts the specified range in the array in ascending numerical order. * * @param array * the {@code short} array to be sorted. * @param start * the start index to sort. * @param end * the last + 1 index to sort. * @throws IllegalArgumentException * if {@code start > end}. * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException * if {@code start < 0} or {@code end > array.length}. */ public static void sort(short[] array, int start, int end) { if (array == null) { throw new NullPointerException(); } checkBounds(array.length, start, end); sort(start, end, array); } private static void sort(int start, int end, short[] array) { short temp; int length = end - start; if (length < 7) { for (int i = start + 1; i < end; i++) { for (int j = i; j > start && array[j - 1] > array[j]; j--) { temp = array[j]; array[j] = array[j - 1]; array[j - 1] = temp; } } return; } int middle = (start + end) / 2; if (length > 7) { int bottom = start; int top = end - 1; if (length > 40) { length /= 8; bottom = med3(array, bottom, bottom + length, bottom + (2 * length)); middle = med3(array, middle - length, middle, middle + length); top = med3(array, top - (2 * length), top - length, top); } middle = med3(array, bottom, middle, top); } short partionValue = array[middle]; int a, b, c, d; a = b = start; c = d = end - 1; while (true) { while (b <= c && array[b] <= partionValue) { if (array[b] == partionValue) { temp = array[a]; array[a++] = array[b]; array[b] = temp; } b++; } while (c >= b && array[c] >= partionValue) { if (array[c] == partionValue) { temp = array[c]; array[c] = array[d]; array[d--] = temp; } c--; } if (b > c) { break; } temp = array[b]; array[b++] = array[c]; array[c--] = temp; } length = a - start < b - a ? a - start : b - a; int l = start; int h = b - length; while (length-- > 0) { temp = array[l]; array[l++] = array[h]; array[h++] = temp; } length = d - c < end - 1 - d ? d - c : end - 1 - d; l = b; h = end - length; while (length-- > 0) { temp = array[l]; array[l++] = array[h]; array[h++] = temp; } if ((length = b - a) > 0) { sort(start, start + length, array); } if ((length = d - c) > 0) { sort(end - length, end, array); } } /** * Creates a {@code String} representation of the {@code boolean[]} passed. * The result is surrounded by brackets ({@code "[]"}), each * element is converted to a {@code String} via the * {@link String#valueOf(boolean)} and separated by {@code ", "}. * If the array is {@code null}, then {@code "null"} is returned. * * @param array * the {@code boolean} array to convert. * @return the {@code String} representation of {@code array}. * @since 1.5 */ public static String toString(boolean[] array) { if (array == null) { return "null"; //$NON-NLS-1$ } if (array.length == 0) { return "[]"; //$NON-NLS-1$ } StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(2 + array.length * 5); sb.append('['); sb.append(array[0]); for (int i = 1; i < array.length; i++) { sb.append(", "); //$NON-NLS-1$ sb.append(array[i]); } sb.append(']'); return sb.toString(); } /** * Creates a {@code String} representation of the {@code byte[]} passed. The * result is surrounded by brackets ({@code "[]"}), each element * is converted to a {@code String} via the {@link String#valueOf(int)} and * separated by {@code ", "}. If the array is {@code null}, then * {@code "null"} is returned. * * @param array * the {@code byte} array to convert. * @return the {@code String} representation of {@code array}. * @since 1.5 */ public static String toString(byte[] array) { if (array == null) { return "null"; //$NON-NLS-1$ } if (array.length == 0) { return "[]"; //$NON-NLS-1$ } StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(2 + array.length * 3); sb.append('['); sb.append(array[0]); for (int i = 1; i < array.length; i++) { sb.append(", "); //$NON-NLS-1$ sb.append(array[i]); } sb.append(']'); return sb.toString(); } /** * Creates a {@code String} representation of the {@code char[]} passed. The * result is surrounded by brackets ({@code "[]"}), each element * is converted to a {@code String} via the {@link String#valueOf(char)} and * separated by {@code ", "}. If the array is {@code null}, then * {@code "null"} is returned. * * @param array * the {@code char} array to convert. * @return the {@code String} representation of {@code array}. * @since 1.5 */ public static String toString(char[] array) { if (array == null) { return "null"; //$NON-NLS-1$ } if (array.length == 0) { return "[]"; //$NON-NLS-1$ } StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(2 + array.length * 2); sb.append('['); sb.append(array[0]); for (int i = 1; i < array.length; i++) { sb.append(", "); //$NON-NLS-1$ sb.append(array[i]); } sb.append(']'); return sb.toString(); } /** * Creates a {@code String} representation of the {@code double[]} passed. * The result is surrounded by brackets ({@code "[]"}), each * element is converted to a {@code String} via the * {@link String#valueOf(double)} and separated by {@code ", "}. * If the array is {@code null}, then {@code "null"} is returned. * * @param array * the {@code double} array to convert. * @return the {@code String} representation of {@code array}. * @since 1.5 */ public static String toString(double[] array) { if (array == null) { return "null"; //$NON-NLS-1$ } if (array.length == 0) { return "[]"; //$NON-NLS-1$ } StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(2 + array.length * 5); sb.append('['); sb.append(array[0]); for (int i = 1; i < array.length; i++) { sb.append(", "); //$NON-NLS-1$ sb.append(array[i]); } sb.append(']'); return sb.toString(); } /** * Creates a {@code String} representation of the {@code float[]} passed. * The result is surrounded by brackets ({@code "[]"}), each * element is converted to a {@code String} via the * {@link String#valueOf(float)} and separated by {@code ", "}. * If the array is {@code null}, then {@code "null"} is returned. * * @param array * the {@code float} array to convert. * @return the {@code String} representation of {@code array}. * @since 1.5 */ public static String toString(float[] array) { if (array == null) { return "null"; //$NON-NLS-1$ } if (array.length == 0) { return "[]"; //$NON-NLS-1$ } StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(2 + array.length * 5); sb.append('['); sb.append(array[0]); for (int i = 1; i < array.length; i++) { sb.append(", "); //$NON-NLS-1$ sb.append(array[i]); } sb.append(']'); return sb.toString(); } /** * Creates a {@code String} representation of the {@code int[]} passed. The * result is surrounded by brackets ({@code "[]"}), each element * is converted to a {@code String} via the {@link String#valueOf(int)} and * separated by {@code ", "}. If the array is {@code null}, then * {@code "null"} is returned. * * @param array * the {@code int} array to convert. * @return the {@code String} representation of {@code array}. * @since 1.5 */ public static String toString(int[] array) { if (array == null) { return "null"; //$NON-NLS-1$ } if (array.length == 0) { return "[]"; //$NON-NLS-1$ } StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(2 + array.length * 4); sb.append('['); sb.append(array[0]); for (int i = 1; i < array.length; i++) { sb.append(", "); //$NON-NLS-1$ sb.append(array[i]); } sb.append(']'); return sb.toString(); } /** * Creates a {@code String} representation of the {@code long[]} passed. The * result is surrounded by brackets ({@code "[]"}), each element * is converted to a {@code String} via the {@link String#valueOf(long)} and * separated by {@code ", "}. If the array is {@code null}, then * {@code "null"} is returned. * * @param array * the {@code long} array to convert. * @return the {@code String} representation of {@code array}. * @since 1.5 */ public static String toString(long[] array) { if (array == null) { return "null"; //$NON-NLS-1$ } if (array.length == 0) { return "[]"; //$NON-NLS-1$ } StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(2 + array.length * 4); sb.append('['); sb.append(array[0]); for (int i = 1; i < array.length; i++) { sb.append(", "); //$NON-NLS-1$ sb.append(array[i]); } sb.append(']'); return sb.toString(); } /** * Creates a {@code String} representation of the {@code short[]} passed. * The result is surrounded by brackets ({@code "[]"}), each * element is converted to a {@code String} via the * {@link String#valueOf(int)} and separated by {@code ", "}. If * the array is {@code null}, then {@code "null"} is returned. * * @param array * the {@code short} array to convert. * @return the {@code String} representation of {@code array}. * @since 1.5 */ public static String toString(short[] array) { if (array == null) { return "null"; //$NON-NLS-1$ } if (array.length == 0) { return "[]"; //$NON-NLS-1$ } StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(2 + array.length * 4); sb.append('['); sb.append(array[0]); for (int i = 1; i < array.length; i++) { sb.append(", "); //$NON-NLS-1$ sb.append(array[i]); } sb.append(']'); return sb.toString(); } /** * Creates a {@code String} representation of the {@code Object[]} passed. * The result is surrounded by brackets ({@code "[]"}), each * element is converted to a {@code String} via the * {@link String#valueOf(Object)} and separated by {@code ", "}. * If the array is {@code null}, then {@code "null"} is returned. * * @param array * the {@code Object} array to convert. * @return the {@code String} representation of {@code array}. * @since 1.5 */ public static String toString(Object[] array) { if (array == null) { return "null"; //$NON-NLS-1$ } if (array.length == 0) { return "[]"; //$NON-NLS-1$ } StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(2 + array.length * 5); sb.append('['); sb.append(array[0]); for (int i = 1; i < array.length; i++) { sb.append(", "); //$NON-NLS-1$ sb.append(array[i]); } sb.append(']'); return sb.toString(); } /** * Creates a "deep" {@code String} representation of the * {@code Object[]} passed, such that if the array contains other arrays, * the {@code String} representation of those arrays is generated as well. *

* If any of the elements are primitive arrays, the generation is delegated * to the other {@code toString} methods in this class. If any element * contains a reference to the original array, then it will be represented * as {@code "[...]"}. If an element is an {@code Object[]}, then its * representation is generated by a recursive call to this method. All other * elements are converted via the {@link String#valueOf(Object)} method. * * @param array * the {@code Object} array to convert. * @return the {@code String} representation of {@code array}. * @since 1.5 */ public static String deepToString(Object[] array) { // delegate this to the recursive method return deepToStringImpl(array, new Object[] { array }, null); } /** * Implementation method used by {@link #deepToString(Object[])}. * * @param array * the {@code Object[]} to dive into. * @param origArrays * the original {@code Object[]}; used to test for self * references. * @param sb * the {@code StringBuilder} instance to append to or * {@code null} one hasn't been created yet. * @return the result. * @see #deepToString(Object[]) */ private static String deepToStringImpl(Object[] array, Object[] origArrays, StringBuffer sb) { if (array == null) { return "null"; //$NON-NLS-1$ } if (array.length == 0) { return "[]"; //$NON-NLS-1$ } if (sb == null) { sb = new StringBuffer(2 + array.length * 5); } sb.append('['); for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) { if (i != 0) { sb.append(", "); //$NON-NLS-1$ } // establish current element Object elem = array[i]; if (elem == null) { // element is null sb.append("null"); //$NON-NLS-1$ } else { // get the Class of the current element Class elemClass = elem.getClass(); if (elemClass.isArray()) { // element is an array type // get the declared Class of the array (element) //Class elemElemClass = elemClass.getComponentType(); // element is an Object[], so we assert that if (deepToStringImplContains(origArrays, elem)) { sb.append("[...]"); //$NON-NLS-1$ } else { Object[] newArray = (Object[]) elem; Object[] newOrigArrays = new Object[origArrays.length + 1]; System.arraycopy(origArrays, 0, newOrigArrays, 0, origArrays.length); newOrigArrays[origArrays.length] = newArray; // make the recursive call to this method deepToStringImpl(newArray, newOrigArrays, sb); } } else { // element is NOT an array, just an Object sb.append(array[i]); } } } sb.append(']'); return sb.toString(); } /** * Utility method used to assist the implementation of * {@link #deepToString(Object[])}. * * @param origArrays * An array of Object[] references. * @param array * An Object[] reference to look for in {@code origArrays}. * @return A value of {@code true} if {@code array} is an * element in {@code origArrays}. */ private static boolean deepToStringImplContains(Object[] origArrays, Object array) { if (origArrays == null || origArrays.length == 0) { return false; } for (Object element : origArrays) { if (element == array) { return true; } } return false; } /** * Copies elements in original array to a new array, from index * start(inclusive) to end(exclusive). The first element (if any) in the new * array is original[from], and other elements in the new array are in the * original order. The padding value whose index is bigger than or equal to * original.length - start is false. * * @param original * the original array * @param start * the start index, inclusive * @param end * the end index, exclusive, may bigger than length of the array * @return the new copied array * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException * if start is smaller than 0 or bigger than original.length * @throws IllegalArgumentException * if start is bigger than end * @throws NullPointerException * if original is null * @since 1.6 */ public static boolean[] copyOfRange(boolean[] original, int start, int end) { if (start <= end) { if (original.length >= start && 0 <= start) { int length = end - start; int copyLength = Math.min(length, original.length - start); boolean[] copy = new boolean[length]; System.arraycopy(original, start, copy, 0, copyLength); return copy; } throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(); } throw new IllegalArgumentException(); } /** * Copies elements in original array to a new array, from index * start(inclusive) to end(exclusive). The first element (if any) in the new * array is original[from], and other elements in the new array are in the * original order. The padding value whose index is bigger than or equal to * original.length - start is (byte)0. * * @param original * the original array * @param start * the start index, inclusive * @param end * the end index, exclusive, may bigger than length of the array * @return the new copied array * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException * if start is smaller than 0 or bigger than original.length * @throws IllegalArgumentException * if start is bigger than end * @throws NullPointerException * if original is null * @since 1.6 */ public static byte[] copyOfRange(byte[] original, int start, int end) { if (start <= end) { if (original.length >= start && 0 <= start) { int length = end - start; int copyLength = Math.min(length, original.length - start); byte[] copy = new byte[length]; System.arraycopy(original, start, copy, 0, copyLength); return copy; } throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(); } throw new IllegalArgumentException(); } /** * Copies elements in original array to a new array, from index * start(inclusive) to end(exclusive). The first element (if any) in the new * array is original[from], and other elements in the new array are in the * original order. The padding value whose index is bigger than or equal to * original.length - start is '\\u000'. * * @param original * the original array * @param start * the start index, inclusive * @param end * the end index, exclusive, may bigger than length of the array * @return the new copied array * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException * if start is smaller than 0 or bigger than original.length * @throws IllegalArgumentException * if start is bigger than end * @throws NullPointerException * if original is null * @since 1.6 */ public static char[] copyOfRange(char[] original, int start, int end) { if (start <= end) { if (original.length >= start && 0 <= start) { int length = end - start; int copyLength = Math.min(length, original.length - start); char[] copy = new char[length]; System.arraycopy(original, start, copy, 0, copyLength); return copy; } throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(); } throw new IllegalArgumentException(); } /** * Copies elements in original array to a new array, from index * start(inclusive) to end(exclusive). The first element (if any) in the new * array is original[from], and other elements in the new array are in the * original order. The padding value whose index is bigger than or equal to * original.length - start is 0d. * * @param original * the original array * @param start * the start index, inclusive * @param end * the end index, exclusive, may bigger than length of the array * @return the new copied array * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException * if start is smaller than 0 or bigger than original.length * @throws IllegalArgumentException * if start is bigger than end * @throws NullPointerException * if original is null * @since 1.6 */ public static double[] copyOfRange(double[] original, int start, int end) { if (start <= end) { if (original.length >= start && 0 <= start) { int length = end - start; int copyLength = Math.min(length, original.length - start); double[] copy = new double[length]; System.arraycopy(original, start, copy, 0, copyLength); return copy; } throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(); } throw new IllegalArgumentException(); } /** * Copies elements in original array to a new array, from index * start(inclusive) to end(exclusive). The first element (if any) in the new * array is original[from], and other elements in the new array are in the * original order. The padding value whose index is bigger than or equal to * original.length - start is 0f. * * @param original * the original array * @param start * the start index, inclusive * @param end * the end index, exclusive, may bigger than length of the array * @return the new copied array * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException * if start is smaller than 0 or bigger than original.length * @throws IllegalArgumentException * if start is bigger than end * @throws NullPointerException * if original is null * @since 1.6 */ public static float[] copyOfRange(float[] original, int start, int end) { if (start <= end) { if (original.length >= start && 0 <= start) { int length = end - start; int copyLength = Math.min(length, original.length - start); float[] copy = new float[length]; System.arraycopy(original, start, copy, 0, copyLength); return copy; } throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(); } throw new IllegalArgumentException(); } /** * Copies elements in original array to a new array, from index * start(inclusive) to end(exclusive). The first element (if any) in the new * array is original[from], and other elements in the new array are in the * original order. The padding value whose index is bigger than or equal to * original.length - start is 0. * * @param original * the original array * @param start * the start index, inclusive * @param end * the end index, exclusive, may bigger than length of the array * @return the new copied array * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException * if start is smaller than 0 or bigger than original.length * @throws IllegalArgumentException * if start is bigger than end * @throws NullPointerException * if original is null * @since 1.6 */ public static int[] copyOfRange(int[] original, int start, int end) { if (start <= end) { if (original.length >= start && 0 <= start) { int length = end - start; int copyLength = Math.min(length, original.length - start); int[] copy = new int[length]; System.arraycopy(original, start, copy, 0, copyLength); return copy; } throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(); } throw new IllegalArgumentException(); } /** * Copies elements in original array to a new array, from index * start(inclusive) to end(exclusive). The first element (if any) in the new * array is original[from], and other elements in the new array are in the * original order. The padding value whose index is bigger than or equal to * original.length - start is 0L. * * @param original * the original array * @param start * the start index, inclusive * @param end * the end index, exclusive, may bigger than length of the array * @return the new copied array * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException * if start is smaller than 0 or bigger than original.length * @throws IllegalArgumentException * if start is bigger than end * @throws NullPointerException * if original is null * @since 1.6 */ public static long[] copyOfRange(long[] original, int start, int end) { if (start <= end) { if (original.length >= start && 0 <= start) { int length = end - start; int copyLength = Math.min(length, original.length - start); long[] copy = new long[length]; System.arraycopy(original, start, copy, 0, copyLength); return copy; } throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(); } throw new IllegalArgumentException(); } /** * Copies elements in original array to a new array, from index * start(inclusive) to end(exclusive). The first element (if any) in the new * array is original[from], and other elements in the new array are in the * original order. The padding value whose index is bigger than or equal to * original.length - start is (short)0. * * @param original * the original array * @param start * the start index, inclusive * @param end * the end index, exclusive, may bigger than length of the array * @return the new copied array * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException * if start is smaller than 0 or bigger than original.length * @throws IllegalArgumentException * if start is bigger than end * @throws NullPointerException * if original is null * @since 1.6 */ public static short[] copyOfRange(short[] original, int start, int end) { if (start <= end) { if (original.length >= start && 0 <= start) { int length = end - start; int copyLength = Math.min(length, original.length - start); short[] copy = new short[length]; System.arraycopy(original, start, copy, 0, copyLength); return copy; } throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(); } throw new IllegalArgumentException(); } public static T[] copyOfRange(U[] original, int from, int to, Class newType) { return null; } public static T[] copyOfRange(T[] original, int from, int to) { return null; } public static T[] copyOf(T[] original, int newLength, Class newType) { T[] arr = (T[])Array.newInstance(newType.getComponentType(), newLength); int len = Math.min(original.length, newLength); System.arraycopy(original, 0, arr, 0, len); return arr; } public static T[] copyOf(T[] original, int newLength) { return copyOf(original, newLength, (Class)original.getClass()); } public static boolean[] copyOf(boolean[] original) { return copyOfRange(original, 0, original.length); } public static boolean[] copyOf(boolean[] original, int newlen) { return copyOfRange(original, 0, newlen); } public static char[] copyOf(char[] original) { return copyOfRange(original, 0, original.length); } public static char[] copyOf(char[] original, int newlen) { return copyOfRange(original, 0, newlen); } public static double[] copyOf(double[] original) { return copyOfRange(original, 0, original.length); } public static double[] copyOf(double[] original, int newlen) { return copyOfRange(original, 0, newlen); } public static float[] copyOf(float[] original) { return copyOfRange(original, 0, original.length); } public static float[] copyOf(float[] original, int newlen) { return copyOfRange(original, 0, newlen); } public static long[] copyOf(long[] original) { return copyOfRange(original, 0, original.length); } public static long[] copyOf(long[] original, int newlen) { return copyOfRange(original, 0, newlen); } public static int[] copyOf(int[] original) { return copyOfRange(original, 0, original.length); } public static int[] copyOf(int[] original, int newlen) { return copyOfRange(original, 0, newlen); } public static byte[] copyOf(byte[] original) { return copyOfRange(original, 0, original.length); } public static byte[] copyOf(byte[] original, int newlen) { return copyOfRange(original, 0, newlen); } public static short[] copyOf(short[] original) { return copyOfRange(original, 0, original.length); } public static short[] copyOf(short[] original, int len) { return copyOfRange(original, 0, len); } }