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"nb-javac" is a patched version of OpenJDK "javac", i.e., the Java compiler. This has long been part of NetBeans, providing a highly tuned Java compiler specifically for the Java editor i.e., parsing and lexing for features such as syntax coloring, code completion.
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/*
 * Copyright (c) 2014, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 *
 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
 * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
 * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
 *
 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
 * accompanied this code).
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 *
 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
 * questions.
 */

package com.sun.tools.sjavac.comp;

import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.tools.JavaFileObject;

import com.sun.source.tree.CompilationUnitTree;
import com.sun.source.util.TaskEvent;
import com.sun.source.util.TaskListener;
import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree;
import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree.JCFieldAccess;
import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree.JCIdent;
import com.sun.tools.javac.util.DefinedBy;
import com.sun.tools.javac.util.DefinedBy.Api;
import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Name;
import com.sun.tools.sjavac.Log;

public class PathAndPackageVerifier implements TaskListener {

    // Stores the set of compilation units whose source file path does not
    // match the package declaration.
    Set misplacedCompilationUnits = new HashSet<>();

    @Override
    @DefinedBy(Api.COMPILER_TREE)
    public void finished(TaskEvent e) {
        if (e.getKind() == TaskEvent.Kind.ANALYZE) {

            CompilationUnitTree cu = e.getCompilationUnit();
            if (cu == null)
                return;

            JavaFileObject jfo = cu.getSourceFile();
            if (jfo == null)
                return; // No source file -> package doesn't matter

            JCTree pkg = (JCTree) cu.getPackageName();
            if (pkg == null)
                return; // Default package. See JDK-8048144.

            Path dir = Paths.get(jfo.toUri()).normalize().getParent();
            if (!checkPathAndPackage(dir, pkg))
                misplacedCompilationUnits.add(cu);
        }

        if (e.getKind() == TaskEvent.Kind.COMPILATION) {
            for (CompilationUnitTree cu : misplacedCompilationUnits) {
                Log.error("Misplaced compilation unit.");
                Log.error("    Directory: " + Paths.get(cu.getSourceFile().toUri()).getParent());
                Log.error("    Package:   " + cu.getPackageName());
            }
        }
    }

    public boolean errorsDiscovered() {
        return misplacedCompilationUnits.size() > 0;
    }

    /* Returns true if dir matches pkgName.
     *
     * Examples:
     *     (a/b/c, a.b.c) gives true
     *     (i/j/k, i.x.k) gives false
     *
     * Currently (x/a/b/c, a.b.c) also gives true. See JDK-8059598.
     */
    private boolean checkPathAndPackage(Path dir, JCTree pkgName) {
        Iterator pathIter = new ParentIterator(dir);
        Iterator pkgIter = new EnclosingPkgIterator(pkgName);
        while (pathIter.hasNext() && pkgIter.hasNext()) {
            if (!pathIter.next().equals(pkgIter.next()))
                return false;
        }
        return !pkgIter.hasNext(); /*&& !pathIter.hasNext() See JDK-8059598 */
    }

    /* Iterates over the names of the parents of the given path:
     * Example: dir1/dir2/dir3  results in  dir3 -> dir2 -> dir1
     */
    private static class ParentIterator implements Iterator {
        Path next;
        ParentIterator(Path initial) {
            next = initial;
        }
        @Override
        public boolean hasNext() {
            return next != null;
        }
        @Override
        public String next() {
            String tmp = next.getFileName().toString();
            next = next.getParent();
            return tmp;
        }
    }

    /* Iterates over the names of the enclosing packages:
     * Example: pkg1.pkg2.pkg3  results in  pkg3 -> pkg2 -> pkg1
     */
    private static class EnclosingPkgIterator implements Iterator {
        JCTree next;
        EnclosingPkgIterator(JCTree initial) {
            next = initial;
        }
        @Override
        public boolean hasNext() {
            return next != null;
        }
        @Override
        public String next() {
            Name name;
            if (next instanceof JCIdent) {
                name = ((JCIdent) next).name;
                next = null;
            } else {
                JCFieldAccess fa = (JCFieldAccess) next;
                name = fa.name;
                next = fa.selected;
            }
            return name.toString();
        }
    }
}