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/**
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.apache.orc.impl;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;

import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.orc.impl.DynamicByteArray;
import org.apache.orc.impl.DynamicIntArray;
import org.apache.orc.impl.RedBlackTree;

/**
 * A red-black tree that stores strings. The strings are stored as UTF-8 bytes
 * and an offset for each entry.
 */
public class StringRedBlackTree extends RedBlackTree {
  private final DynamicByteArray byteArray = new DynamicByteArray();
  private final DynamicIntArray keyOffsets;
  private final Text newKey = new Text();

  public StringRedBlackTree(int initialCapacity) {
    super(initialCapacity);
    keyOffsets = new DynamicIntArray(initialCapacity);
  }

  public int add(String value) {
    newKey.set(value);
    return addNewKey();
  }

  private int addNewKey() {
    // if the newKey is actually new, add it to our byteArray and store the offset & length
    if (add()) {
      int len = newKey.getLength();
      keyOffsets.add(byteArray.add(newKey.getBytes(), 0, len));
    }
    return lastAdd;
  }

  public int add(Text value) {
    newKey.set(value);
    return addNewKey();
  }

  public int add(byte[] bytes, int offset, int length) {
    newKey.set(bytes, offset, length);
    return addNewKey();
  }

  @Override
  protected int compareValue(int position) {
    int start = keyOffsets.get(position);
    int end;
    if (position + 1 == keyOffsets.size()) {
      end = byteArray.size();
    } else {
      end = keyOffsets.get(position+1);
    }
    return byteArray.compare(newKey.getBytes(), 0, newKey.getLength(),
                             start, end - start);
  }

  /**
   * The information about each node.
   */
  public interface VisitorContext {
    /**
     * Get the position where the key was originally added.
     * @return the number returned by add.
     */
    int getOriginalPosition();

    /**
     * Write the bytes for the string to the given output stream.
     * @param out the stream to write to.
     * @throws IOException
     */
    void writeBytes(OutputStream out) throws IOException;

    /**
     * Get the original string.
     * @return the string
     */
    Text getText();

    /**
     * Get the number of bytes.
     * @return the string's length in bytes
     */
    int getLength();
  }

  /**
   * The interface for visitors.
   */
  public interface Visitor {
    /**
     * Called once for each node of the tree in sort order.
     * @param context the information about each node
     * @throws IOException
     */
    void visit(VisitorContext context) throws IOException;
  }

  private class VisitorContextImpl implements VisitorContext {
    private int originalPosition;
    private int start;
    private int end;
    private final Text text = new Text();

    public int getOriginalPosition() {
      return originalPosition;
    }

    public Text getText() {
      byteArray.setText(text, start, end - start);
      return text;
    }

    public void writeBytes(OutputStream out) throws IOException {
      byteArray.write(out, start, end - start);
    }

    public int getLength() {
      return end - start;
    }

    void setPosition(int position) {
      originalPosition = position;
      start = keyOffsets.get(originalPosition);
      if (position + 1 == keyOffsets.size()) {
        end = byteArray.size();
      } else {
        end = keyOffsets.get(originalPosition + 1);
      }
    }
  }

  private void recurse(int node, Visitor visitor, VisitorContextImpl context
                      ) throws IOException {
    if (node != NULL) {
      recurse(getLeft(node), visitor, context);
      context.setPosition(node);
      visitor.visit(context);
      recurse(getRight(node), visitor, context);
    }
  }

  /**
   * Visit all of the nodes in the tree in sorted order.
   * @param visitor the action to be applied to each node
   * @throws IOException
   */
  public void visit(Visitor visitor) throws IOException {
    recurse(root, visitor, new VisitorContextImpl());
  }

  /**
   * Reset the table to empty.
   */
  public void clear() {
    super.clear();
    byteArray.clear();
    keyOffsets.clear();
  }

  public void getText(Text result, int originalPosition) {
    int offset = keyOffsets.get(originalPosition);
    int length;
    if (originalPosition + 1 == keyOffsets.size()) {
      length = byteArray.size() - offset;
    } else {
      length = keyOffsets.get(originalPosition + 1) - offset;
    }
    byteArray.setText(result, offset, length);
  }

  /**
   * Get the size of the character data in the table.
   * @return the bytes used by the table
   */
  public int getCharacterSize() {
    return byteArray.size();
  }

  /**
   * Calculate the approximate size in memory.
   * @return the number of bytes used in storing the tree.
   */
  public long getSizeInBytes() {
    return byteArray.getSizeInBytes() + keyOffsets.getSizeInBytes() +
      super.getSizeInBytes();
  }
}