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Pile of code that is shared by all Jackson-based JAX-RS providers.

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package com.fasterxml.jackson.jaxrs.base;

import java.io.*;
import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.Type;
import java.security.AccessController;
import java.security.PrivilegedAction;
import java.util.*;

import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;
import javax.ws.rs.core.MultivaluedMap;
import javax.ws.rs.core.Response;
import javax.ws.rs.core.StreamingOutput;
import javax.ws.rs.ext.MessageBodyReader;
import javax.ws.rs.ext.MessageBodyWriter;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.*;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.*;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.util.LRUMap;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.util.LookupCache;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.type.TypeFactory;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.jaxrs.base.nocontent.JaxRS1NoContentExceptionSupplier;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.jaxrs.base.nocontent.JaxRS2NoContentExceptionSupplier;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.jaxrs.cfg.*;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.jaxrs.util.ClassKey;

public abstract class ProviderBase<
    THIS extends ProviderBase,
    MAPPER extends ObjectMapper,
    EP_CONFIG extends EndpointConfigBase,
    MAPPER_CONFIG extends MapperConfiguratorBase
>
    implements
        MessageBodyReader,
        MessageBodyWriter,
        Versioned
{
    /**
     * This header is useful on Windows, trying to deal with potential XSS attacks.
     */
    public final static String HEADER_CONTENT_TYPE_OPTIONS = "X-Content-Type-Options";

    protected final static String CLASS_NAME_NO_CONTENT_EXCEPTION = "javax.ws.rs.core.NoContentException";

    private final NoContentExceptionSupplier noContentExceptionSupplier = _createNoContentExceptionSupplier();

    /**
     * Looks like we need to worry about accidental
     *   data binding for types we shouldn't be handling. This is
     *   probably not a very good way to do it, but let's start by
     *   blacklisting things we are not to handle.
     *

     *  (why ClassKey? since plain old Class has no hashCode() defined,
     *  lookups are painfully slow)
     */
    protected final static HashSet DEFAULT_UNTOUCHABLES = new HashSet();
    static {
        // First, I/O things (direct matches)
        DEFAULT_UNTOUCHABLES.add(new ClassKey(java.io.InputStream.class));
        DEFAULT_UNTOUCHABLES.add(new ClassKey(java.io.Reader.class));
        DEFAULT_UNTOUCHABLES.add(new ClassKey(java.io.OutputStream.class));
        DEFAULT_UNTOUCHABLES.add(new ClassKey(java.io.Writer.class));

        // then some primitive types
        DEFAULT_UNTOUCHABLES.add(new ClassKey(char[].class));

        // 27-Apr-2012, tatu: Ugh. As per
        //   [https://github.com/FasterXML/jackson-jaxrs-json-provider/issues/12]
        //  better revert this back, to make them untouchable again.
        DEFAULT_UNTOUCHABLES.add(new ClassKey(String.class));
        DEFAULT_UNTOUCHABLES.add(new ClassKey(byte[].class));
    }

    /**
     * These are classes that we never use for reading
     * (never try to deserialize instances of these types).
     */
    public final static Class[] DEFAULT_UNREADABLES = new Class[] {
        InputStream.class, Reader.class
    };

    /**
     * These are classes that we never use for writing
     * (never try to serialize instances of these types).
     */
    public final static Class[] DEFAULT_UNWRITABLES = new Class[] {
        InputStream.class, // as per [Issue#19]
        OutputStream.class, Writer.class,
        StreamingOutput.class, Response.class
    };

    protected final static int JAXRS_FEATURE_DEFAULTS = JaxRSFeature.collectDefaults();
    
    /*
    /**********************************************************
    /* General configuration
    /**********************************************************
     */

    /**
     * Helper object used for encapsulating configuration aspects
     * of {@link ObjectMapper}
     */
    protected final MAPPER_CONFIG _mapperConfig;
    
    /**
     * Map that contains overrides to default list of untouchable
     * types: true meaning that entry is untouchable,
     * false that is is not.
     */
    protected HashMap _cfgCustomUntouchables;

    /**
     * Whether we want to actually check that Jackson has
     * a serializer for given type. Since this should generally
     * be the case (due to auto-discovery) and since the call
     * to check availability can be bit expensive, defaults to false.
     */
    protected boolean _cfgCheckCanSerialize = false;

    /**
     * Whether we want to actually check that Jackson has
     * a deserializer for given type. Since this should generally
     * be the case (due to auto-discovery) and since the call
     * to check availability can be bit expensive, defaults to false.
     */
    protected boolean _cfgCheckCanDeserialize = false;

    /**
     * Feature flags set.
     * 
     * @since 2.3
     */
    protected int _jaxRSFeatures;

    /**
     * View to use for reading if none defined for the end point.
     */
    protected Class _defaultReadView;

    /**
     * View to use for writing if none defined for the end point.
     */
    protected Class _defaultWriteView;
    
    /*
    /**********************************************************
    /* Excluded types
    /**********************************************************
     */

    public final static HashSet _untouchables = DEFAULT_UNTOUCHABLES;

    public final static Class[] _unreadableClasses = DEFAULT_UNREADABLES;

    public final static Class[] _unwritableClasses = DEFAULT_UNWRITABLES;

    /*
    /**********************************************************
    /* Bit of caching
    /**********************************************************
     */

    /**
     * Cache for resolved endpoint configurations when reading JSON data
     */
    protected final LookupCache _readers;

    /**
     * Cache for resolved endpoint configurations when writing JSON data
     */
    protected final LookupCache _writers;

    /*
    /**********************************************************
    /* Life-cycle
    /**********************************************************
     */

    protected ProviderBase(MAPPER_CONFIG mconfig) {
        this(mconfig,
                new LRUMap<>(16, 120),
                new LRUMap<>(16, 120));
    }

    /**
     * Constructor that is only added to resolve [jaxrs-providers#10]; problems
     * with combination of RESTeasy and CDI.
     * Should NOT be used by any code explicitly; only exists
     * for proxy support.
     */
    @Deprecated // just to denote it should NOT be directly called; will NOT be removed
    protected ProviderBase() {
        this(null);
    }

    /**
     * @since 2.17
     */
    protected ProviderBase(MAPPER_CONFIG mconfig,
            LookupCache readerCache,
            LookupCache writerCache)
    {
        _mapperConfig = mconfig;
        _jaxRSFeatures = JAXRS_FEATURE_DEFAULTS;
        _readers = readerCache;
        _writers = writerCache;
    }

    /*
    /**********************************************************
    /* Configuring
    /**********************************************************
     */

    /**
     * Method for defining whether actual detection for existence of
     * a deserializer for type should be done when {@link #isReadable}
     * is called.
     */
    public void checkCanDeserialize(boolean state) { _cfgCheckCanDeserialize = state; }

    /**
     * Method for defining whether actual detection for existence of
     * a serializer for type should be done when {@link #isWriteable}
     * is called.
     */
    public void checkCanSerialize(boolean state) { _cfgCheckCanSerialize = state; }

    /**
     * Method for marking specified type as "untouchable", meaning that provider
     * will not try to read or write values of this type (or its subtypes).
     * 
     * @param type Type to consider untouchable; can be any kind of class,
     *   including abstract class or interface. No instance of this type
     *   (including subtypes, i.e. types assignable to this type) will
     *   be read or written by provider
     */
    public void addUntouchable(Class type)
    {
        if (_cfgCustomUntouchables == null) {
            _cfgCustomUntouchables = new HashMap();
        }
        _cfgCustomUntouchables.put(new ClassKey(type), Boolean.TRUE);
    }

    /**
     * Method for removing definition of specified type as untouchable:
     * usually only 
     * 
     * @since 2.2
     */
    public void removeUntouchable(Class type)
    {
        if (_cfgCustomUntouchables == null) {
            _cfgCustomUntouchables = new HashMap();
        }
        _cfgCustomUntouchables.put(new ClassKey(type), Boolean.FALSE);
    }
    
    /**
     * Method for configuring which annotation sets to use (including none).
     * Annotation sets are defined in order decreasing precedence; that is,
     * first one has the priority over following ones.
     * 
     * @param annotationsToUse Ordered list of annotation sets to use; if null,
     *    default
     */
    public void setAnnotationsToUse(Annotations[] annotationsToUse) {
        _mapperConfig.setAnnotationsToUse(annotationsToUse);
    }
    
    /**
     * Method that can be used to directly define {@link ObjectMapper} to use
     * for serialization and deserialization; if null, will use the standard
     * provider discovery from context instead. Default setting is null.
     */
    public void setMapper(MAPPER m) {
        _mapperConfig.setMapper(m);
    }

    /**
     * Method for specifying JSON View to use for reading content
     * when end point does not have explicit View annotations.
     * 
     * @since 2.3
     */
    public THIS setDefaultReadView(Class view) {
        _defaultReadView = view;
        return _this();
    }

    /**
     * Method for specifying JSON View to use for reading content
     * when end point does not have explicit View annotations.
     * 
     * @since 2.3
     */
    public THIS setDefaultWriteView(Class view) {
        _defaultWriteView = view;
        return _this();
    }

    /**
     * Method for specifying JSON View to use for reading and writing content
     * when end point does not have explicit View annotations.
     * Functionally equivalent to:
     *
     *  setDefaultReadView(view);
     *  setDefaultWriteView(view);
     *
     * 
     * @since 2.3
     */
    public THIS setDefaultView(Class view) {
        _defaultReadView = _defaultWriteView = view;
        return _this();
    }
    
    // // // JaxRSFeature config
    
    public THIS configure(JaxRSFeature feature, boolean state) {
        return state ? enable(feature) : disable(feature);
    }

    public THIS enable(JaxRSFeature feature) {
        _jaxRSFeatures |= feature.getMask();
        return _this();
    }

    public THIS enable(JaxRSFeature first, JaxRSFeature... f2) {
        _jaxRSFeatures |= first.getMask();
        for (JaxRSFeature f : f2) {
            _jaxRSFeatures |= f.getMask();
        }
        return _this();
    }

    public THIS disable(JaxRSFeature feature) {
        _jaxRSFeatures &= ~feature.getMask();
        return _this();
    }

    public THIS disable(JaxRSFeature first, JaxRSFeature... f2) {
        _jaxRSFeatures &= ~first.getMask();
        for (JaxRSFeature f : f2) {
            _jaxRSFeatures &= ~f.getMask();
        }
        return _this();
    }

    public boolean isEnabled(JaxRSFeature f) {
        return (_jaxRSFeatures & f.getMask()) != 0;
    }
    
    // // // DeserializationFeature

    public THIS configure(DeserializationFeature f, boolean state) {
        _mapperConfig.configure(f, state);
        return _this();
    }
    
    public THIS enable(DeserializationFeature f) {
        _mapperConfig.configure(f, true);
        return _this();
    }

    public THIS disable(DeserializationFeature f) {
        _mapperConfig.configure(f, false);
        return _this();
    }
    
    // // // SerializationFeature

    public THIS configure(SerializationFeature f, boolean state) {
        _mapperConfig.configure(f, state);
        return _this();
    }

    public THIS enable(SerializationFeature f) {
        _mapperConfig.configure(f, true);
        return _this();
    }

    public THIS disable(SerializationFeature f) {
        _mapperConfig.configure(f, false);
        return _this();
    }
    
    // // // JsonParser/JsonGenerator
    
    public THIS enable(JsonParser.Feature f) {
        _mapperConfig.configure(f, true);
        return _this();
    }

    public THIS enable(JsonGenerator.Feature f) {
        _mapperConfig.configure(f, true);
        return _this();
    }

    public THIS disable(JsonParser.Feature f) {
        _mapperConfig.configure(f, false);
        return _this();
    }

    public THIS disable(JsonGenerator.Feature f) {
        _mapperConfig.configure(f, false);
        return _this();
    }

    public THIS configure(JsonParser.Feature f, boolean state) {
        _mapperConfig.configure(f, state);
        return _this();
    }

    public THIS configure(JsonGenerator.Feature f, boolean state) {
        _mapperConfig.configure(f, state);
        return _this();
    }

    /*
    /**********************************************************
    /* Abstract methods sub-classes need to implement
    /**********************************************************
     */

    /**
     * Helper method used to check whether given media type
     * is supported by this provider for read operations
     * (when binding input data such as POST body).
     *

     * Default implementation simply calls {@link #hasMatchingMediaType}.
     * 
     * @since 2.3
     */
    protected boolean hasMatchingMediaTypeForReading(MediaType mediaType) {
        return hasMatchingMediaType(mediaType);
    }

    /**
     * Helper method used to check whether given media type
     * is supported by this provider for writing operations,
     * such as when converting response object to response
     * body of request (like GET or POST).
     *

     * Default implementation simply calls {@link #hasMatchingMediaType}.
     * 
     * @since 2.3
     */
    protected boolean hasMatchingMediaTypeForWriting(MediaType mediaType) {
        return hasMatchingMediaType(mediaType);
    }
    
    /**
     * Helper method used to check whether given media type
     * is supported by this provider.
     * 
     * @since 2.2
     */
    protected abstract boolean hasMatchingMediaType(MediaType mediaType);

    /**
     * Helper method that is called if no mapper has been explicitly configured.
     */
    protected abstract MAPPER _locateMapperViaProvider(Class type, MediaType mediaType);
    
    protected EP_CONFIG _configForReading(MAPPER mapper,
        Annotation[] annotations, Class defaultView)
    {
//        ObjectReader r = _readerInjector.getAndClear();
        ObjectReader r;
        if (defaultView != null) {
            r = mapper.readerWithView(defaultView);
        } else {
            r = mapper.reader();
        }
        if (JaxRSFeature.READ_FULL_STREAM.enabledIn(_jaxRSFeatures)) {
            r = r.withFeatures(DeserializationFeature.FAIL_ON_TRAILING_TOKENS);
        }
        return _configForReading(r, annotations);
    }

    protected EP_CONFIG _configForWriting(MAPPER mapper,
        Annotation[] annotations, Class defaultView)
    {
//        ObjectWriter w = _writerInjector.getAndClear();
        ObjectWriter w;
        if (defaultView != null) {
            w = mapper.writerWithView(defaultView);
        } else {
            w = mapper.writer();
        }
        return _configForWriting(w, annotations);
    }

    protected abstract EP_CONFIG _configForReading(ObjectReader reader,
            Annotation[] annotations);

    protected abstract EP_CONFIG _configForWriting(ObjectWriter writer,
        Annotation[] annotations);

    /*
    /**********************************************************
    /* Partial MessageBodyWriter impl
    /**********************************************************
     */

    /**
     * Method that JAX-RS container calls to try to figure out
     * serialized length of given value. Since computation of
     * this length is about as expensive as serialization itself,
     * implementation will return -1 to denote "not known", so
     * that container will determine length from actual serialized
     * output (if needed).
     */
    @Override
    public long getSize(Object value, Class type, Type genericType, Annotation[] annotations, MediaType mediaType)
    {
        /* In general figuring output size requires actual writing; usually not
         * worth it to write everything twice.
         */
        return -1;
    }
    
    /**
     * Method that JAX-RS container calls to try to check whether
     * given value (of specified type) can be serialized by
     * this provider.
     * Implementation will first check that expected media type is
     * expected one (by call to {@link #hasMatchingMediaType}); then verify
     * that type is not one of "untouchable" types (types we will never
     * automatically handle), and finally that there is a serializer
     * for type (iff {@link #checkCanSerialize} has been called with
     * true argument -- otherwise assumption is there will be a handler)
     */
    @Override
    public boolean isWriteable(Class type, Type genericType, Annotation[] annotations, MediaType mediaType)
    {
        if (!hasMatchingMediaType(mediaType)) {
            return false;
        }
        Boolean customUntouchable = _findCustomUntouchable(type);
        if (customUntouchable != null) {
            // negation: Boolean.TRUE means untouchable -> can not write
            return !customUntouchable.booleanValue();
        }
        // Ok: looks like we must weed out some core types here; ones that
        // make no sense to try to bind from JSON:
        if (_isIgnorableForWriting(new ClassKey(type))) {
            return false;
        }
        // but some are interface/abstract classes, so
        for (Class cls : _unwritableClasses) {
            if (cls.isAssignableFrom(type)) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        // Also: if we really want to verify that we can deserialize, we'll check:
        if (_cfgCheckCanSerialize) {
            if (!locateMapper(type, mediaType).canSerialize(type)) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Method that JAX-RS container calls to serialize given value.
     */
    @Override
    public void writeTo(Object value, Class type, Type genericType, Annotation[] annotations,
                        MediaType mediaType,
                        MultivaluedMap httpHeaders, OutputStream entityStream)
        throws IOException
    {
        EP_CONFIG endpoint = _endpointForWriting(value, type, genericType, annotations,
                mediaType, httpHeaders);

        // Any headers we should write?
        _modifyHeaders(value, type, genericType, annotations, httpHeaders, endpoint);
        
        ObjectWriter writer = endpoint.getWriter();

        // Where can we find desired encoding? Within HTTP headers?
        JsonEncoding enc = findEncoding(mediaType, httpHeaders);
        JsonGenerator g = _createGenerator(writer, entityStream, enc);
        boolean ok = false;

        try {
            // Want indentation?
            if (writer.isEnabled(SerializationFeature.INDENT_OUTPUT)) {
                g.useDefaultPrettyPrinter();
            }
            JavaType rootType = null;

            if ((genericType != null) && (value != null)) {
                // 10-Jan-2011, tatu: as per [JACKSON-456], it's not safe to just force root
                //    type since it prevents polymorphic type serialization. Since we really
                //    just need this for generics, let's only use generic type if it's truly generic.

                if (!(genericType instanceof Class)) { // generic types are other impls of 'java.lang.reflect.Type'
                    // This is still not exactly right; should root type be further
                    // specialized with 'value.getClass()'? Let's see how well this works before
                    // trying to come up with more complete solution.

                    // 18-Mar-2015, tatu: As per [#60], there is now a problem with non-polymorphic lists,
                    //    since forcing of type will then force use of content serializer, which is
                    //    generally not the intent. Fix may require addition of functionality in databind

                    TypeFactory typeFactory = writer.getTypeFactory();
                    JavaType baseType = typeFactory.constructType(genericType);
                    rootType = typeFactory.constructSpecializedType(baseType, type);
                    /* 26-Feb-2011, tatu: To help with [JACKSON-518], we better recognize cases where
                     *    type degenerates back into "Object.class" (as is the case with plain TypeVariable,
                     *    for example), and not use that.
                     */
                    if (rootType.getRawClass() == Object.class) {
                        rootType = null;
                    }
                }
            }

            // Most of the configuration now handled through EndpointConfig, ObjectWriter
            // but we may need to force root type:
            if (rootType != null) {
                writer = writer.forType(rootType);
            }
            value = endpoint.modifyBeforeWrite(value);

            // [Issue#32]: allow modification by filter-injectible thing
            ObjectWriterModifier mod = ObjectWriterInjector.getAndClear();
            if (mod != null) {
                writer = mod.modify(endpoint, httpHeaders, value, writer, g);
            }

            writer.writeValue(g, value);
            ok = true;
        } finally {
            if (ok) {
                g.close();
            } else {
                try {
                    g.close();
                } catch (Exception e) { }
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Helper method to use for determining desired output encoding.
     * For now, will always just use UTF-8...
     */
    protected JsonEncoding findEncoding(MediaType mediaType, MultivaluedMap httpHeaders)
    {
        return JsonEncoding.UTF8;
    }

    /**
     * Overridable method used for adding optional response headers before
     * serializing response object.
     */
    protected void _modifyHeaders(Object value, Class type, Type genericType, Annotation[] annotations,
            MultivaluedMap httpHeaders,
            EP_CONFIG endpoint)
        throws IOException
    {
        // Add "nosniff" header?
        if (isEnabled(JaxRSFeature.ADD_NO_SNIFF_HEADER)) {
            httpHeaders.add(HEADER_CONTENT_TYPE_OPTIONS, "nosniff");
        }
    }

    /**
     * Overridable helper method called to create a {@link JsonGenerator} for writing
     * contents into given raw {@link OutputStream}.
     * 
     * @since 2.3
     */
    protected JsonGenerator _createGenerator(ObjectWriter writer, OutputStream rawStream, JsonEncoding enc)
        throws IOException
    {
        JsonGenerator g = writer.getFactory().createGenerator(rawStream, enc);
        // Important: we are NOT to close the underlying stream after
        // mapping, so we need to instruct generator
        g.disable(JsonGenerator.Feature.AUTO_CLOSE_TARGET);
        return g;
    }

    protected EP_CONFIG _endpointForWriting(Object value, Class type, Type genericType,
            Annotation[] annotations, MediaType mediaType, MultivaluedMap httpHeaders)
    {
        // 29-Jun-2016, tatu: As per [jaxrs-providers#86] allow skipping caching
        if (!isEnabled(JaxRSFeature.CACHE_ENDPOINT_WRITERS)) {
            return _configForWriting(locateMapper(type, mediaType), annotations, _defaultWriteView);
        }

        AnnotationBundleKey key = new AnnotationBundleKey(annotations, type);
        EP_CONFIG endpoint = _writers.get(key);
        // not yet resolved (or not cached any more)? Resolve!
        if (endpoint == null) {
            MAPPER mapper = locateMapper(type, mediaType);
            endpoint = _configForWriting(mapper, annotations, _defaultWriteView);
            // and cache for future reuse
            _writers.put(key.immutableKey(), endpoint);
        }
        return endpoint;
    }

    /*
    /**********************************************************
    /* MessageBodyReader impl
    /**********************************************************
     */
    
    /**
     * Method that JAX-RS container calls to try to check whether
     * values of given type (and media type) can be deserialized by
     * this provider.
     * Implementation will first check that expected media type is
     * a JSON type (via call to {@link #hasMatchingMediaType});
     * then verify
     * that type is not one of "untouchable" types (types we will never
     * automatically handle), and finally that there is a deserializer
     * for type (iff {@link #checkCanDeserialize} has been called with
     * true argument -- otherwise assumption is there will be a handler)
     */
    @Override
    public boolean isReadable(Class type, Type genericType, Annotation[] annotations, MediaType mediaType)
    {
        if (!hasMatchingMediaType(mediaType)) {
            return false;
        }
        Boolean customUntouchable = _findCustomUntouchable(type);
        if (customUntouchable != null) {
            // negation: Boolean.TRUE means untouchable -> can not write
            return !customUntouchable.booleanValue();
        }
        // Ok: looks like we must weed out some core types here; ones that
        // make no sense to try to bind from JSON:
        if (_isIgnorableForReading(new ClassKey(type))) {
            return false;
        }
        // and there are some other abstract/interface types to exclude too:
        for (Class cls : _unreadableClasses) {
            if (cls.isAssignableFrom(type)) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        // Finally: if we really want to verify that we can serialize, we'll check:
        if (_cfgCheckCanDeserialize) {
            if (_isSpecialReadable(type)) {
                return true;
            }
            ObjectMapper mapper = locateMapper(type, mediaType);
            if (!mapper.canDeserialize(mapper.constructType(type))) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Method that JAX-RS container calls to deserialize given value.
     */
    @Override
    public Object readFrom(Class type, Type genericType, Annotation[] annotations,
            MediaType mediaType, MultivaluedMap httpHeaders,
            InputStream entityStream) 
        throws IOException
    {
        EP_CONFIG endpoint = _endpointForReading(type, genericType, annotations,
                mediaType, httpHeaders);
        
        ObjectReader reader = endpoint.getReader();
        JsonParser p = _createParser(reader, entityStream);
        
        // If null is returned, considered to be empty stream
        // 05-Apr-2014, tatu: As per [Issue#49], behavior here is configurable.
        if (p == null || p.nextToken() == null) {
            if (JaxRSFeature.ALLOW_EMPTY_INPUT.enabledIn(_jaxRSFeatures)) {
                return null;
            }
            // 05-Apr-2014, tatu: Trick-ee. NoContentFoundException only available in JAX-RS 2.0...
            //   so need bit of obfuscated code to reach it.

            // 20-Jan-2021, tatu: as per [jaxrs-providers#134], simplify
            throw _createNoContentException();
        }
        Class rawType = type;
        if (rawType == JsonParser.class) {
            return p;
        }
        final TypeFactory tf = reader.getTypeFactory();
        final JavaType resolvedType = tf.constructType(genericType);

        // 09-Jul-2015, tatu: As per [jaxrs-providers#69], handle MappingIterator too
        boolean multiValued = (rawType == MappingIterator.class);
        
        if (multiValued) {
            JavaType[] contents = tf.findTypeParameters(resolvedType, MappingIterator.class);
            JavaType valueType = (contents == null || contents.length == 0)
                    ? tf.constructType(Object.class) : contents[0];
            reader = reader.forType(valueType);
        } else {
            reader = reader.forType(resolvedType);
        }

        // [Issue#32]: allow modification by filter-injectable thing
        ObjectReaderModifier mod = ObjectReaderInjector.getAndClear();
        if (mod != null) {
            reader = mod.modify(endpoint, httpHeaders, resolvedType, reader, p);
        }
        
        if (multiValued) {
            return reader.readValues(p);
        }
        return reader.readValue(p);
    }

    /**
     * Overridable helper method called to create a {@link JsonParser} for reading
     * contents of given raw {@link InputStream}.
     * May return null to indicate that Stream is empty; that is, contains no
     * content.
     * 
     * @since 2.2
     */
    protected JsonParser _createParser(ObjectReader reader, InputStream rawStream)
        throws IOException
    {
        JsonParser p = reader.getFactory().createParser(rawStream);
        // Important: we are NOT to close the underlying stream after
        // mapping, so we need to instruct parser:
        p.disable(JsonParser.Feature.AUTO_CLOSE_SOURCE);
        return p;
    }

    /**
     * Overridable helper method that will basically fetch representation of the
     * endpoint that can be used to get {@link ObjectReader} to use for deserializing
     * content
     *
     * @since 2.8
     */
    protected EP_CONFIG _endpointForReading(Class type, Type genericType, Annotation[] annotations,
            MediaType mediaType, MultivaluedMap httpHeaders)
    {
        // 29-Jun-2016, tatu: As per [jaxrs-providers#86] allow skipping caching
        if (!isEnabled(JaxRSFeature.CACHE_ENDPOINT_READERS)) {
            return _configForReading(locateMapper(type, mediaType), annotations, _defaultReadView);
        }

        AnnotationBundleKey key = new AnnotationBundleKey(annotations, type);
        EP_CONFIG endpoint = _readers.get(key);
        // not yet resolved (or not cached any more)? Resolve!
        if (endpoint == null) {
            MAPPER mapper = locateMapper(type, mediaType);
            endpoint = _configForReading(mapper, annotations, _defaultReadView);
            // and cache for future reuse
            _readers.put(key.immutableKey(), endpoint);
        }
        return endpoint;
    }

    /*
    /**********************************************************
    /* Overridable helper methods
    /**********************************************************
     */

    /**
     * Method called to locate {@link ObjectMapper} to use for serialization
     * and deserialization. Exact logic depends on setting of
     * {@link JaxRSFeature#DYNAMIC_OBJECT_MAPPER_LOOKUP}.
     * 
     *

     * If {@link JaxRSFeature#DYNAMIC_OBJECT_MAPPER_LOOKUP} is disabled (default
     * setting unless changed), behavior is as follows:
     *
    
     * 
  1. If an instance has been explicitly defined by
     * {@link #setMapper} (or non-null instance passed in constructor), that
     * will be used.
     *  
    2. 
     * 
  2. If not, will try to locate it using standard JAX-RS
     * ContextResolver mechanism, if it has been properly configured
     * to access it (by JAX-RS runtime).
     *  
    3. 
     * 
  3. Finally, if no mapper is found, will return a default unconfigured
     * {@link ObjectMapper} instance (one constructed with default constructor
     * and not modified in any way)
     *   
    4. 
     *

     *

     * If {@link JaxRSFeature#DYNAMIC_OBJECT_MAPPER_LOOKUP} is enabled, steps
     * 1 and 2 are reversed, such that JAX-RS ContextResolver
     * is first used, and only if none is defined will configured mapper be used.
     *
     * @param type Class of object being serialized or deserialized;
     *   not checked at this point, since it is assumed that unprocessable
     *   classes have been already weeded out,
     *   but will be passed to ContextResolver as is.
     * @param mediaType Declared media type for the instance to process:
     *   not used by this method,
     *   but will be passed to ContextResolver as is.
     */
    public MAPPER locateMapper(Class type, MediaType mediaType)
    {
        // 29-Jun-2016, tatu: As per [jaxrs-providers#86] may want to do provider lookup first
        if (isEnabled(JaxRSFeature.DYNAMIC_OBJECT_MAPPER_LOOKUP)) {
            MAPPER m = _locateMapperViaProvider(type, mediaType);
            if (m == null) {
                m = _mapperConfig.getConfiguredMapper();
                if (m == null) {
                    m = _mapperConfig.getDefaultMapper();
                }
            }
            return m;
        }

        // Otherwise start with (pre-)configured Mapper and only check provider
        // if not found
        
        MAPPER m = _mapperConfig.getConfiguredMapper();
        if (m == null) {
            // If not, maybe we can get one configured via context?
            m = _locateMapperViaProvider(type, mediaType);
            if (m == null) {
                // If not, let's get the fallback default instance
                m = _mapperConfig.getDefaultMapper();
            }
        }
        return m;
    }

    /**
     * Overridable helper method used to allow handling of somewhat special
     * types for reading
     * 
     * @since 2.2
     */
    protected boolean _isSpecialReadable(Class type) {
        return JsonParser.class == type;
    }

    /**
     * Overridable helper method called to check whether given type is a known
     * "ignorable type" (in context of reading), values of which are not bound
     * from content.
     *
     * @since 2.6
     */
    protected boolean _isIgnorableForReading(ClassKey typeKey)
    {
        return _untouchables.contains(typeKey);
    }

    /**
     * Overridable helper method called to check whether given type is a known
     * "ignorable type" (in context of reading), values of which
     * can not be written out.
     *
     * @since 2.6
     */
    protected boolean _isIgnorableForWriting(ClassKey typeKey)
    {
        return _untouchables.contains(typeKey);
    }

    protected IOException _createNoContentException() {
        return noContentExceptionSupplier.createNoContentException();
    }

    /*
    /**********************************************************
    /* Private/sub-class helper methods
    /**********************************************************
     */

    protected static boolean _containedIn(Class mainType, HashSet set)
    {
        if (set != null) {
            ClassKey key = new ClassKey(mainType);
            // First: type itself?
            if (set.contains(key)) return true;
            // Then supertypes (note: will not contain Object.class)
            for (Class cls : findSuperTypes(mainType, null)) {
                key.reset(cls);
                if (set.contains(key)) return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    protected Boolean _findCustomUntouchable(Class mainType)
    {
        if (_cfgCustomUntouchables != null) {
            ClassKey key = new ClassKey(mainType);
            // First: type itself?
            Boolean b = _cfgCustomUntouchables.get(key);
            if (b != null) {
                return b;
            }
            // Then supertypes (note: will not contain Object.class)
            for (Class cls : findSuperTypes(mainType, null)) {
                key.reset(cls);
                b = _cfgCustomUntouchables.get(key);
                if (b != null) {
                    return b;
                }
            }
        }
        return null;
    }
    
    protected static List> findSuperTypes(Class cls, Class endBefore)
    {
        return findSuperTypes(cls, endBefore, new ArrayList>(8));
    }

    protected static List> findSuperTypes(Class cls, Class endBefore, List> result)
    {
        _addSuperTypes(cls, endBefore, result, false);
        return result;
    }
    
    protected static void _addSuperTypes(Class cls, Class endBefore, Collection> result, boolean addClassItself)
    {
        if (cls == endBefore || cls == null || cls == Object.class) {
            return;
        }
        if (addClassItself) {
            if (result.contains(cls)) { // already added, no need to check supers
                return;
            }
            result.add(cls);
        }
        for (Class intCls : cls.getInterfaces()) {
            _addSuperTypes(intCls, endBefore, result, true);
        }
        _addSuperTypes(cls.getSuperclass(), endBefore, result, true);
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    private final THIS _this() {
        return (THIS) this;
    }

    /**
     * Since class javax.ws.rs.core.NoContentException only exists in
     * JAX-RS 2.0, but we want to have 1.x compatibility, need to dynamically select exception supplier
     */
    private static NoContentExceptionSupplier _createNoContentExceptionSupplier() {
        try {
            final Class cls = Class.forName(CLASS_NAME_NO_CONTENT_EXCEPTION, false, getClassLoader());
            Constructor ctor;
            if (System.getSecurityManager() == null) {
                ctor = cls.getDeclaredConstructor(String.class);
            } else {
                ctor = AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction>() {
                    @Override
                    public Constructor run() {
                        try {
                            return cls.getDeclaredConstructor(String.class);
                        } catch (NoSuchMethodException ignore) {
                            return null;
                        }
                    }
                });
            }
            if (ctor != null) {
                return new JaxRS2NoContentExceptionSupplier();
            }
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException | NoSuchMethodException ex) { }
        return new JaxRS1NoContentExceptionSupplier();
    }

    private static ClassLoader getClassLoader() {
        if (System.getSecurityManager() == null) {
            return ProviderBase.class.getClassLoader();
        }
        return AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction() {
            @Override
            public ClassLoader run() {
                return ProviderBase.class.getClassLoader();
            }
        });
    }
}
    

    

    

            

    

            



    
    






    
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