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/*
* Copyright (c) 2010-2021 Haifeng Li. All rights reserved.
*
* Smile is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* Smile is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with Smile. If not, see .
*/
package smile.plot.swing;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Optional;
import smile.math.MathEx;
/**
* A heat map is a graphical representation of data where the values taken by
* a variable in a two-dimensional map are represented as colors.
*
* @author Haifeng Li
*/
public class Heatmap extends Plot {
/**
* The x coordinate for columns of data matrix.
*/
private double[] x;
/**
* The y coordinate for rows of data matrix.
*/
private double[] y;
/**
* The two-dimensional data matrix.
*/
private double[][] z;
/**
* The labels for columns of data matrix.
*/
private String[] columnLabels;
/**
* The labels for rows of data matrix.
*/
private String[] rowLabels;
/**
* The minimum of the data.
*/
private double min;
/**
* The minimum of the data.
*/
private double max;
/**
* The window width of values for each color.
*/
private double width;
/**
* The color palette to represent values.
*/
private Color[] palette;
/**
* If show axis marks.
*/
private boolean isLabelVisible;
/**
* Constructor.
* @param rowLabels the labels of rows.
* @param columnLabels the labels of columns.
* @param z a data matrix to be shown in pseudo heat map.
* @param palette the color palette.
*/
public Heatmap(String[] rowLabels, String[] columnLabels, double[][] z, Color[] palette) {
if (columnLabels.length != z[0].length) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("columnLabels.length != z[0].length");
}
if (rowLabels.length != z.length) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("rowLabels.length != z.length");
}
this.z = z;
this.columnLabels = columnLabels;
this.rowLabels = rowLabels;
this.palette = palette;
init();
}
/**
* Constructor.
* @param x x coordinate of data matrix cells. Must be in ascending order.
* @param y y coordinate of data matrix cells. Must be in ascending order.
* @param z a data matrix to be shown in pseudo heat map.
* @param palette the color palette.
*/
public Heatmap(double[] x, double[] y, double[][] z, Color[] palette) {
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
this.z = z;
this.palette = palette;
init();
}
/**
* Initialize the internal variables.
*/
private void init() {
isLabelVisible = x != null || y != null || rowLabels != null || columnLabels != null;
if (x == null) {
x = new double[z[0].length];
for (int i = 0; i < x.length; i++) {
x[i] = i + 0.5;
}
}
if (y == null) {
y = new double[z.length];
for (int i = 0; i < y.length; i++) {
y[i] = y.length - i - 0.5;
}
}
if (x.length != z[0].length) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("x.length != z[0].length");
}
if (y.length != z.length) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("y.length != z.length");
}
// In case of outliers, we use 1% and 99% quantiles as lower and
// upper limits instead of min and max.
int n = z.length * z[0].length;
double[] values = new double[n];
int i = 0;
for (double[] zi : z) {
for (double zij : zi) {
if (!Double.isNaN(zij)) {
values[i++] = zij;
}
}
}
if (i > 0) {
Arrays.sort(values, 0, i);
min = values[(int) Math.round(0.01 * i)];
max = values[(int) Math.round(0.99 * (i-1))];
width = (max - min) / palette.length;
}
}
@Override
public Optional tooltip(double[] coord) {
if (rowLabels == null || columnLabels == null) {
return Optional.empty();
}
if (coord[0] < 0.0 || coord[0] > z[0].length || coord[1] < 0.0 || coord[1] > z.length) {
return Optional.empty();
}
int i = (int) coord[0];
int j = (int) (y.length - coord[1]);
return Optional.of(String.format("%s, %s", rowLabels[j], columnLabels[i]));
}
@Override
public double[] getLowerBound() {
double[] bound = {MathEx.min(x), MathEx.min(y)};
return bound;
}
@Override
public double[] getUpperBound() {
double[] bound = {MathEx.max(x), MathEx.max(y)};
return bound;
}
@Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {
double[] start = new double[2];
double[] end = new double[2];
for (int i = 0; i < z.length; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < z[i].length; j++) {
if (Double.isNaN(z[i][j])) {
g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
} else {
int k = (int) ((z[i][j] - min) / width);
if (k < 0) {
k = 0;
}
if (k >= palette.length) {
k = palette.length - 1;
}
g.setColor(palette[k]);
}
start[0] = x[j];
if (j == 0) {
start[0] -= Math.abs(x[j + 1] - x[j]) / 2;
} else {
start[0] -= Math.abs(x[j] - x[j - 1]) / 2;
}
start[1] = y[i];
if (i == 0) {
start[1] += Math.abs(y[i + 1] - y[i]) / 2;
} else {
start[1] += Math.abs(y[i] - y[i - 1]) / 2;
}
end[0] = x[j];
if (j == x.length - 1) {
end[0] += Math.abs(x[j] - x[j - 1]) / 2;
} else {
end[0] += Math.abs(x[j + 1] - x[j]) / 2;
}
end[1] = y[i];
if (i == y.length - 1) {
end[1] -= Math.abs(y[i] - y[i - 1]) / 2;
} else {
end[1] -= Math.abs(y[i + 1] - y[i]) / 2;
}
g.fillRect(start, end);
}
}
g.clearClip();
double height = 0.7 / palette.length;
start[0] = 1.1;
start[1] = 0.15;
end[0] = 1.13;
end[1] = start[1] - height;
for (int i = 0; i < palette.length; i++) {
g.setColor(palette[i]);
g.fillRectBaseRatio(start, end);
start[1] += height;
end[1] += height;
}
g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
start[1] -= height;
end[1] = 0.15 - height;
g.drawRectBaseRatio(start, end);
start[0] = 1.14;
double log = Math.log10(Math.abs(max));
int decimal = 1;
if (log < 0) {
decimal = (int) -log + 1;
}
g.drawTextBaseRatio(String.valueOf(MathEx.round(max, decimal)), start,0.0, 1.0);
start[1] = 0.15 - height;
log = Math.log10(Math.abs(min));
decimal = 1;
if (log < 0) {
decimal = (int) -log + 1;
}
g.drawTextBaseRatio(String.valueOf(MathEx.round(min, decimal)), start,0.0, 0.0);
}
@Override
public Canvas canvas() {
Canvas canvas = new Canvas(getLowerBound(), getUpperBound(), false);
canvas.add(this);
canvas.getAxis(0).setGridVisible(false);
canvas.getAxis(1).setGridVisible(false);
if (!isLabelVisible) {
canvas.getAxis(0).setTickVisible(false);
canvas.getAxis(0).setFrameVisible(false);
canvas.getAxis(1).setTickVisible(false);
canvas.getAxis(1).setFrameVisible(false);
}
if (rowLabels != null) {
double[] locations = new double[rowLabels.length];
for (int i = 0; i < rowLabels.length; i++) {
locations[i] = z.length - i - 0.5;
}
canvas.getAxis(1).setTicks(rowLabels, locations);
}
if (columnLabels != null) {
canvas.getAxis(0).setRotation(-Math.PI / 2);
double[] locations = new double[columnLabels.length];
for (int i = 0; i < columnLabels.length; i++) {
locations[i] = i + 0.5;
}
canvas.getAxis(0).setTicks(columnLabels, locations);
}
return canvas;
}
/**
* Constructor. Use 16-color jet color palette.
*/
public static Heatmap of(double[][] z) {
return of(z, 16);
}
/**
* Creates a heatmap with jet color palette.
* @param z a data matrix to be shown in pseudo heat map.
* @param k the number of colors in the palette.
*/
public static Heatmap of(double[][] z, int k) {
return of(z, Palette.jet(k, 1.0f));
}
/**
* Constructor.
* @param z a data matrix to be shown in pseudo heat map.
* @param palette the color palette.
*/
public static Heatmap of(double[][] z, Color[] palette) {
return new Heatmap((double[]) null, null, z, palette);
}
/**
* Constructor. Use 16-color jet color palette.
*/
public static Heatmap of(String[] rowLabels, String[] columnLabels, double[][] z) {
return of(rowLabels, columnLabels, z, 16);
}
/**
* Constructor. Use jet color palette.
* @param z a data matrix to be shown in pseudo heat map.
* @param k the number of colors in the palette.
*/
public static Heatmap of(String[] rowLabels, String[] columnLabels, double[][] z, int k) {
return new Heatmap(rowLabels, columnLabels, z, Palette.jet(k, 1.0f));
}
/**
* Constructor. Use 16-color jet color palette.
* @param x x coordinate of data matrix cells. Must be in ascending order.
* @param y y coordinate of data matrix cells. Must be in ascending order.
* @param z a data matrix to be shown in pseudo heat map.
*/
public static Heatmap of(double[] x, double[] y, double[][] z) {
return of(x, y, z, 16);
}
/**
* Constructor. Use jet color palette.
* @param x x coordinate of data matrix cells. Must be in ascending order.
* @param y y coordinate of data matrix cells. Must be in ascending order.
* @param z a data matrix to be shown in pseudo heat map.
* @param k the number of colors in the palette.
*/
public static Heatmap of(double[] x, double[] y, double[][] z, int k) {
return new Heatmap(x, y, z, Palette.jet(k, 1.0f));
}
}
