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g0801_0900.s0895_maximum_frequency_stack.readme.md Maven / Gradle / Ivy

895\. Maximum Frequency Stack

Hard

Design a stack-like data structure to push elements to the stack and pop the most frequent element from the stack.

Implement the `FreqStack` class:

*   `FreqStack()` constructs an empty frequency stack.
*   `void push(int val)` pushes an integer `val` onto the top of the stack.
*   `int pop()` removes and returns the most frequent element in the stack.
    *   If there is a tie for the most frequent element, the element closest to the stack's top is removed and returned.

**Example 1:**

**Input**

["FreqStack", "push", "push", "push", "push", "push", "push", "pop", "pop", "pop", "pop"]

[[], [5], [7], [5], [7], [4], [5], [], [], [], []]

**Output:** [null, null, null, null, null, null, null, 5, 7, 5, 4]

**Explanation:**

    FreqStack freqStack = new FreqStack();
    freqStack.push(5); // The stack is [5]
    freqStack.push(7); // The stack is [5,7]
    freqStack.push(5); // The stack is [5,7,5]
    freqStack.push(7); // The stack is [5,7,5,7]
    freqStack.push(4); // The stack is [5,7,5,7,4]
    freqStack.push(5); // The stack is [5,7,5,7,4,5]
    freqStack.pop(); // return 5, as 5 is the most frequent. The stack becomes [5,7,5,7,4].
    freqStack.pop(); // return 7, as 5 and 7 is the most frequent, but 7 is closest to the top. The stack becomes [5,7,5,4].
    freqStack.pop(); // return 5, as 5 is the most frequent. The stack becomes [5,7,4].
    freqStack.pop(); // return 4, as 4, 5 and 7 is the most frequent, but 4 is closest to the top. The stack becomes [5,7]. 

**Constraints:**

*   0 <= val <= 109
*   At most 2 * 104 calls will be made to `push` and `pop`.
*   It is guaranteed that there will be at least one element in the stack before calling `pop`.