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g0301_0400.s0398_random_pick_index.readme.md Maven / Gradle / Ivy

398\. Random Pick Index

Medium

Given an integer array `nums` with possible **duplicates**, randomly output the index of a given `target` number. You can assume that the given target number must exist in the array.

Implement the `Solution` class:

*   `Solution(int[] nums)` Initializes the object with the array `nums`.
*   `int pick(int target)` Picks a random index `i` from `nums` where `nums[i] == target`. If there are multiple valid i's, then each index should have an equal probability of returning.

**Example 1:**

**Input** 

    ["Solution", "pick", "pick", "pick"] 
    [[[1, 2, 3, 3, 3]], [3], [1], [3]]

**Output:** [null, 4, 0, 2]

**Explanation:** 

    Solution solution = new Solution([1, 2, 3, 3, 3]); 
    solution.pick(3); // It should return either index 2, 3, or 4 randomly. Each index should have equal probability of returning. 
    solution.pick(1); // It should return 0. Since in the array only nums[0] is equal to 1. 
    solution.pick(3); // It should return either index 2, 3, or 4 randomly. Each index should have equal probability of returning.

**Constraints:**

*   1 <= nums.length <= 2 * 104
*   -231 <= nums[i] <= 231 - 1
*   `target` is an integer from `nums`.
*   At most 104 calls will be made to `pick`.