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Java-based LeetCode algorithm problem solutions, regularly updated
433\. Minimum Genetic Mutation
Medium
A gene string can be represented by an 8-character long string, with choices from `'A'`, `'C'`, `'G'`, and `'T'`.
Suppose we need to investigate a mutation from a gene string `start` to a gene string `end` where one mutation is defined as one single character changed in the gene string.
* For example, `"AACCGGTT" --> "AACCGGTA"` is one mutation.
There is also a gene bank `bank` that records all the valid gene mutations. A gene must be in `bank` to make it a valid gene string.
Given the two gene strings `start` and `end` and the gene bank `bank`, return _the minimum number of mutations needed to mutate from_ `start` _to_ `end`. If there is no such a mutation, return `-1`.
Note that the starting point is assumed to be valid, so it might not be included in the bank.
**Example 1:**
**Input:** start = "AACCGGTT", end = "AACCGGTA", bank = ["AACCGGTA"]
**Output:** 1
**Example 2:**
**Input:** start = "AACCGGTT", end = "AAACGGTA", bank = ["AACCGGTA","AACCGCTA","AAACGGTA"]
**Output:** 2
**Example 3:**
**Input:** start = "AAAAACCC", end = "AACCCCCC", bank = ["AAAACCCC","AAACCCCC","AACCCCCC"]
**Output:** 3
**Constraints:**
* `start.length == 8`
* `end.length == 8`
* `0 <= bank.length <= 10`
* `bank[i].length == 8`
* `start`, `end`, and `bank[i]` consist of only the characters `['A', 'C', 'G', 'T']`.