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Kotlin-based LeetCode algorithm problem solutions, regularly updated
41\. First Missing Positive
Hard
Given an unsorted integer array `nums`, return the smallest missing positive integer.
You must implement an algorithm that runs in `O(n)` time and uses constant extra space.
**Example 1:**
**Input:** nums = [1,2,0]
**Output:** 3
**Explanation:** The numbers in the range [1,2] are all in the array.
**Example 2:**
**Input:** nums = [3,4,-1,1]
**Output:** 2
**Explanation:** 1 is in the array but 2 is missing.
**Example 3:**
**Input:** nums = [7,8,9,11,12]
**Output:** 1
**Explanation:** The smallest positive integer 1 is missing.
**Constraints:**
* 1 <= nums.length <= 105
* -231 <= nums[i] <= 231 - 1