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g0301_0400.s0393_utf_8_validation.readme.md Maven / Gradle / Ivy

393\. UTF-8 Validation

Medium

Given an integer array `data` representing the data, return whether it is a valid **UTF-8** encoding (i.e. it translates to a sequence of valid UTF-8 encoded characters).

A character in **UTF8** can be from **1 to 4 bytes** long, subjected to the following rules:

1.  For a **1-byte** character, the first bit is a `0`, followed by its Unicode code.
2.  For an **n-bytes** character, the first `n` bits are all one's, the `n + 1` bit is `0`, followed by `n - 1` bytes with the most significant `2` bits being `10`.

This is how the UTF-8 encoding would work:

Number of Bytes | UTF-8 Octet Sequence | (binary) --------------------+----------------------------------------- 1 | 0xxxxxxx 2 | 110xxxxx 10xxxxxx 3 | 1110xxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 4 | 11110xxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx

`x` denotes a bit in the binary form of a byte that may be either `0` or `1`.

**Note:** The input is an array of integers. Only the **least significant 8 bits** of each integer is used to store the data. This means each integer represents only 1 byte of data.

**Example 1:**

**Input:** data = [197,130,1]

**Output:** true

**Explanation:** data represents the octet sequence: 11000101 10000010 00000001. It is a valid utf-8 encoding for a 2-bytes character followed by a 1-byte character.

**Example 2:**

**Input:** data = [235,140,4]

**Output:** false

**Explanation:** data represented the octet sequence: 11101011 10001100 00000100. The first 3 bits are all one's and the 4th bit is 0 means it is a 3-bytes character. The next byte is a continuation byte which starts with 10 and that's correct. But the second continuation byte does not start with 10, so it is invalid.

**Constraints:**

*   1 <= data.length <= 2 * 104
*   `0 <= data[i] <= 255`