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A Java library that wraps the MS UIAutomation library.
/*
* Copyright 2016-17 [email protected]
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package mmarquee.automation;
import com.sun.jna.Pointer;
import com.sun.jna.platform.win32.COM.COMUtils;
import com.sun.jna.platform.win32.COM.Unknown;
import com.sun.jna.platform.win32.*;
import com.sun.jna.ptr.IntByReference;
import com.sun.jna.ptr.PointerByReference;
import mmarquee.automation.controls.AutomationApplication;
import mmarquee.automation.controls.AutomationWindow;
import mmarquee.automation.controls.menu.AutomationMenu;
import mmarquee.automation.pattern.PatternNotFoundException;
import mmarquee.automation.uiautomation.*;
import mmarquee.automation.utils.Utils;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
/**
* Created by Mark Humphreys on 26/01/2016.
*
* The base automation wrapper.
*/
public class UIAutomation extends BaseAutomation {
protected Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(UIAutomation.class.getName());
protected static UIAutomation INSTANCE = null;
protected AutomationElement rootElement;
/**
* Main automation interface
*/
private IUIAutomation automation;
/*final*/ static int FIND_DESKTOP_ATTEMPTS = 25; // not final to be set in tests
/**
* Created for test, to allow mocking
*
* @param automation The automation object to use.
*/
public UIAutomation(IUIAutomation automation) {
this.automation = automation;
}
/**
* Constructor for UIAutomation library
*/
protected UIAutomation() {
Ole32.INSTANCE.CoInitializeEx(Pointer.NULL, Ole32.COINIT_APARTMENTTHREADED);
PointerByReference pbr = new PointerByReference();
WinNT.HRESULT hr = Ole32.INSTANCE.CoCreateInstance(
IUIAutomation.CLSID,
null,
WTypes.CLSCTX_SERVER,
IUIAutomation.IID,
pbr);
COMUtils.checkRC(hr);
Unknown unk = new Unknown(pbr.getValue());
PointerByReference pbr1 = new PointerByReference();
WinNT.HRESULT result = unk.QueryInterface(new Guid.REFIID(IUIAutomation.IID), pbr1);
if (COMUtils.SUCCEEDED(result)) {
this.automation = IUIAutomationConverter.PointerToInterface(pbr1);
}
PointerByReference pRoot = new PointerByReference();
this.getRootElement(pRoot);
Unknown uRoot = new Unknown(pRoot.getValue());
WinNT.HRESULT result0 = uRoot.QueryInterface(new Guid.REFIID(IUIAutomationElement3.IID), pRoot);
if (COMUtils.SUCCEEDED(result0)) {
this.rootElement = new AutomationElement(IUIAutomationElement3Converter.PointerToInterface(pRoot));
}
}
/**
* Gets the root element for automation
*
* @param element Pointer to the element
* @return Error status
*/
public int getRootElement(PointerByReference element) {
return this.automation.getRootElement(element);
}
/**
* Compares 2 elements
*
* @param element1 First element
* @param element2 Second element
* @param same Are they the same?
* @return Error status
*/
public int compareElements(Pointer element1, Pointer element2, IntByReference same) {
return this.automation.compareElements(element1, element2, same);
}
/**
* Gets the instance
*
* @return the instance of the ui automation library
*/
public static UIAutomation getInstance() {
if (INSTANCE == null) {
INSTANCE = new UIAutomation();
}
return INSTANCE;
}
/**
* Launches the application
*
* @param command The command to be called
* @return AutomationApplication that represents the application
* @throws java.io.IOException Cannot start application?
* @throws AutomationException Automation library error
*/
public AutomationApplication launch(String... command) throws java.io.IOException, AutomationException {
Process process = Utils.startProcess(command);
return new AutomationApplication(rootElement, process, false);
}
/**
* Launches the application, from a given directory.
*
* @param command The command to be called
* @return AutomationApplication that represents the application
* @throws java.io.IOException Cannot start application?
* @throws AutomationException Automation library error
*/
public AutomationApplication launchWithDirectory(String... command) throws java.io.IOException, AutomationException {
Process process = Utils.startProcessWithWorkingDirectory(command);
return new AutomationApplication(rootElement, process, false);
}
/**
* Attaches to the application process
*
* @param process Process to attach to
* @return AutomationApplication that represents the application
* @throws AutomationException Automation library error
*/
public AutomationApplication attach(Process process) throws AutomationException {
return new AutomationApplication(rootElement, process, true);
}
/**
* Attaches or launches the application
*
* @param command Command to be started
* @return AutomationApplication that represents the application
* @throws java.lang.Exception Unable to find process
*/
public AutomationApplication launchOrAttach(String... command) throws Exception {
final Tlhelp32.PROCESSENTRY32.ByReference processEntry =
new Tlhelp32.PROCESSENTRY32.ByReference();
boolean found = Utils.findProcessEntry(processEntry, command);
if (!found) {
return this.launch(command);
} else {
WinNT.HANDLE handle = Utils.getHandleFromProcessEntry(processEntry);
return new AutomationApplication(rootElement, handle, true);
}
}
/**
* Attaches or launches the application
*
* @param command Command to be started
* @return AutomationApplication that represents the application
* @throws java.lang.Exception Unable to find process
*/
public AutomationApplication launchWithWorkingDirectoryOrAttach(String... command) throws Exception {
final Tlhelp32.PROCESSENTRY32.ByReference processEntry =
new Tlhelp32.PROCESSENTRY32.ByReference();
boolean found = Utils.findProcessEntry(processEntry, command);
if (!found) {
return this.launchWithDirectory(command);
} else {
WinNT.HANDLE handle = Utils.getHandleFromProcessEntry(processEntry);
return new AutomationApplication(rootElement, handle, true);
}
}
/**
* Gets the desktop object associated with the title
*
* @param title Title to search for
* @return AutomationWindow The found 'element'
* @throws ElementNotFoundException Element is not found
*/
private AutomationElement get(ControlType controlType, String title, int numberOfRetries)
throws AutomationException {
AutomationElement element = null;
// Look for a control type
Variant.VARIANT.ByValue variant1 = new Variant.VARIANT.ByValue();
variant1.setValue(Variant.VT_INT, controlType.getValue());
// Look for a specific title
Variant.VARIANT.ByValue variant2 = new Variant.VARIANT.ByValue();
WTypes.BSTR sysAllocated = OleAuto.INSTANCE.SysAllocString(title);
variant2.setValue(Variant.VT_BSTR, sysAllocated);
try {
// First condition
PointerByReference pCondition1 = this.createPropertyCondition(PropertyID.Name.getValue(), variant2);
// Second condition
PointerByReference pCondition2 = this.createPropertyCondition(PropertyID.ControlType.getValue(), variant1);
// And Condition
PointerByReference pAndCondition = this.createAndCondition(pCondition1.getValue(), pCondition2.getValue());
for (int loop = 0; loop < numberOfRetries; loop++) {
try {
element = this.rootElement.findFirst(new TreeScope(TreeScope.Descendants), pAndCondition);
} catch (AutomationException ex) {
logger.info("Not found, retrying " + title);
}
if (element != null) {
break;
}
}
} finally {
OleAuto.INSTANCE.SysFreeString(sysAllocated);
}
if (element == null) {
logger.warning("Failed to find desktop window `" + title + "`");
throw new ItemNotFoundException(title);
}
return element;
}
/**
* Gets the desktop 'window' associated with the title
*
* @param title Title to search for
* @return AutomationWindow The found window
* @throws ElementNotFoundException Element is not found
* @throws PatternNotFoundException Expected pattern not found
*/
public AutomationWindow getDesktopWindow(String title)
throws PatternNotFoundException, AutomationException {
return new AutomationWindow(this.get(ControlType.Window, title, FIND_DESKTOP_ATTEMPTS));
}
/**
* Gets the desktop 'window' associated with the title, with a variable
* number of retries.
*
* @param title Title to search for
* @param retries Number of retries
* @return AutomationWindow The found window
* @throws ElementNotFoundException Element is not found
* @throws PatternNotFoundException Expected pattern not found
*/
public AutomationWindow getDesktopWindow(String title, int retries)
throws PatternNotFoundException, AutomationException {
return new AutomationWindow(this.get(ControlType.Window, title, retries));
}
/**
* Create an 'and' condition
*
* @param pCondition1 First condition
* @param pCondition2 Second condition
* @return The new condition
* @throws AutomationException Something is wrong
*/
public PointerByReference createAndCondition(Pointer pCondition1, Pointer pCondition2) throws AutomationException {
PointerByReference pbr = new PointerByReference();
final int res = this.automation.createAndCondition(pCondition1, pCondition2, pbr);
if (res == 0) {
return pbr;
} else {
throw new AutomationException(res);
}
}
/**
* Create an 'or' condition
*
* @param pCondition1 First condition
* @param pCondition2 Second condition
* @return The new condition
* @throws AutomationException Something is wrong
*/
public PointerByReference createOrCondition(Pointer pCondition1, Pointer pCondition2) throws AutomationException {
PointerByReference pbr = new PointerByReference();
final int res = this.automation.createOrCondition(pCondition1, pCondition2, pbr);
if (res == 0) {
return pbr;
} else {
throw new AutomationException(res);
}
}
/**
* Creates a condition, based on control id
*
* @param id The control id
* @return The condition
* @throws AutomationException Something went wrong
*/
public PointerByReference createControlTypeCondition(ControlType id) throws AutomationException {
Variant.VARIANT.ByValue variant = new Variant.VARIANT.ByValue();
variant.setValue(Variant.VT_INT, id.getValue());
return this.createPropertyCondition(PropertyID.ControlType.getValue(), variant);
}
/**
* Creates a condition, based on automation id
*
* @param automationId The automation id
* @return The condition
* @throws AutomationException Something went wrong
*/
public PointerByReference createAutomationIdPropertyCondition(String automationId) throws AutomationException {
Variant.VARIANT.ByValue variant = new Variant.VARIANT.ByValue();
WTypes.BSTR sysAllocated = OleAuto.INSTANCE.SysAllocString(automationId);
variant.setValue(Variant.VT_BSTR, sysAllocated);
try {
return this.createPropertyCondition(PropertyID.AutomationId.getValue(), variant);
} finally {
OleAuto.INSTANCE.SysFreeString(sysAllocated);
}
}
/**
* Creates a condition, based on element name
*
* @param name The name
* @return The condition
* @throws AutomationException Something went wrong
*/
public PointerByReference createNamePropertyCondition(String name) throws AutomationException {
Variant.VARIANT.ByValue variant = new Variant.VARIANT.ByValue();
WTypes.BSTR sysAllocated = OleAuto.INSTANCE.SysAllocString(name);
variant.setValue(Variant.VT_BSTR, sysAllocated);
try {
return this.createPropertyCondition(PropertyID.Name.getValue(), variant);
} finally {
OleAuto.INSTANCE.SysFreeString(sysAllocated);
}
}
/**
* Creates a property condition
*
* @param id Which property to check for
* @param value The value of the property
* @return The nre condition
* @throws AutomationException Something has gone wrong
*/
public PointerByReference createPropertyCondition(int id, Variant.VARIANT.ByValue value) throws AutomationException {
PointerByReference pCondition = new PointerByReference();
final int res = this.automation.createPropertyCondition(id, value, pCondition);
if (res == 0) {
Unknown unkCondition = new Unknown(pCondition.getValue());
PointerByReference pUnknown = new PointerByReference();
WinNT.HRESULT result1 = unkCondition.QueryInterface(new Guid.REFIID(IUIAutomationCondition.IID), pUnknown);
if (COMUtils.SUCCEEDED(result1)) {
return pCondition;
} else {
throw new AutomationException(result1.intValue());
}
} else {
throw new AutomationException(res);
}
}
/**
* Gets the desktop object associated with the title
*
* @param title Title to search for
* @return AutomationWindow The found window
* @throws ElementNotFoundException Element is not found
* @throws PatternNotFoundException Expected pattern not found
*/
public AutomationWindow getDesktopObject(String title)
throws PatternNotFoundException, AutomationException {
return new AutomationWindow(this.get(ControlType.Pane, title, FIND_DESKTOP_ATTEMPTS));
}
/**
* Gets the desktop object associated with the title
*
* @param title Title of the menu to search for
* @return AutomationMenu The found menu
* @throws ElementNotFoundException Element is not found
*/
public AutomationMenu getDesktopMenu(String title) throws AutomationException {
AutomationElement element = null;
// Look for a specific title
Variant.VARIANT.ByValue variant = new Variant.VARIANT.ByValue();
WTypes.BSTR sysAllocated = OleAuto.INSTANCE.SysAllocString(title);
variant.setValue(Variant.VT_BSTR, sysAllocated);
try {
PointerByReference pCondition1 = this.createPropertyCondition(PropertyID.Name.getValue(), variant);
for (int loop = 0; loop < FIND_DESKTOP_ATTEMPTS; loop++) {
try {
element = this.rootElement.findFirst(new TreeScope(TreeScope.Descendants),
pCondition1);
} catch (AutomationException ex) {
logger.info("Not found, retrying " + title);
}
if (element != null) {
break;
}
}
} finally {
OleAuto.INSTANCE.SysFreeString(sysAllocated);
}
if (element == null) {
logger.info("Failed to find desktop menu `" + title + "`");
throw new ItemNotFoundException(title);
}
return new AutomationMenu(element);
}
/**
* Gets the list of desktop windows
*
* @return List of desktop windows
* @throws AutomationException Something has gone wrong
* @throws PatternNotFoundException Expected pattern not found
*/
public List getDesktopWindows()
throws PatternNotFoundException, AutomationException {
List result = new ArrayList();
PointerByReference pTrueCondition = this.createTrueCondition();
List collection =
this.rootElement.findAll(new TreeScope(TreeScope.Children), pTrueCondition.getValue());
for (AutomationElement element : collection) {
result.add(new AutomationWindow(element));
}
return result;
}
/**
* Creates a true Condition
*
* @return The condition
* @throws AutomationException Something has gone wrong
*/
public PointerByReference createTrueCondition() throws AutomationException {
PointerByReference pTrueCondition = new PointerByReference();
final int res = this.automation.createTrueCondition(pTrueCondition);
if (res == 0) {
return pTrueCondition;
} else {
throw new AutomationException(res);
}
}
/**
* Creates a false Condition
*
* @return The condition
* @throws AutomationException Something has gone wrong
*/
public PointerByReference createFalseCondition() throws AutomationException {
PointerByReference condition = new PointerByReference();
final int res = this.automation.createFalseCondition(condition);
if (res == 0) {
return condition;
} else {
throw new AutomationException(res);
}
}
/**
* Create a NOT condition
*
* @param condition The condition condition
* @return The new condition
* @throws AutomationException Something is wrong
*/
public PointerByReference createNotCondition(Pointer condition) throws AutomationException {
PointerByReference pbr = new PointerByReference();
final int res = this.automation.createNotCondition(condition, pbr);
if (res == 0) {
return pbr;
} else {
throw new AutomationException(res);
}
}
/**
* Gets the element from the supplied tag
* @param pt The point
* @return The actual element under the tag
* @throws AutomationException The automation library returned an error
*/
public AutomationElement getElementFromPoint(WinDef.POINT pt) throws AutomationException {
PointerByReference pbr = new PointerByReference();
final int res = this.automation.elementFromPoint(pt, pbr);
if (res == 0) {
IUIAutomationElement3 element = getAutomationElementFromReference(pbr);
return new AutomationElement(element);
} else {
throw new AutomationException(res);
}
}
/**
* Gets the element from the native handle
*
* @param hwnd Native Handle
* @return The actual element under the handle
* @throws AutomationException The automation library returned an error
*/
public AutomationElement getElementFromHandle(WinDef.HWND hwnd) throws AutomationException {
PointerByReference pbr = new PointerByReference();
final int res = this.automation.getElementFromHandle(hwnd, pbr);
if (res == 0) {
IUIAutomationElement3 element = getAutomationElementFromReference(pbr);
return new AutomationElement(element);
} else {
throw new AutomationException(res);
}
}
/**
* Gets the focused element
* @return The focused element
* @throws AutomationException Automation returned an error
*/
public AutomationElement getFocusedElement() throws AutomationException {
PointerByReference pbr = new PointerByReference();
final int res = this.automation.getFocusedElement(pbr);
if (res == 0) {
IUIAutomationElement3 element = getAutomationElementFromReference(pbr);
return new AutomationElement(element);
} else {
throw new AutomationException(res);
}
}
/**
* Gets the root automation element
*
* @return The root element
*/
public AutomationElement getRootElement() {
return this.rootElement;
}
/**
* Finds the given process
*
* @param command Command to look for
* @return The Application
* @throws AutomationException If findProcessEntry throws an exception.
*/
public AutomationApplication findProcess(String... command) throws AutomationException {
final Tlhelp32.PROCESSENTRY32.ByReference processEntry =
new Tlhelp32.PROCESSENTRY32.ByReference();
boolean found = Utils.findProcessEntry(processEntry, command);
if (!found) {
throw new AutomationException("Process " + command + " not found.");
} else {
WinNT.HANDLE handle = Utils.getHandleFromProcessEntry(processEntry);
return new AutomationApplication(rootElement, handle, true);
}
}
/**
* Gets the control view walker
* @return The tree walker object
*/
public AutomationTreeWalker getControlViewWalker() throws AutomationException {
PointerByReference pbrWalker = new PointerByReference();
this.automation.getControlViewWalker(pbrWalker);
Unknown unkConditionA = new Unknown(pbrWalker.getValue());
PointerByReference pUnknownA = new PointerByReference();
WinNT.HRESULT resultA = unkConditionA.QueryInterface(new Guid.REFIID(IUIAutomationTreeWalker.IID), pUnknownA);
if (COMUtils.SUCCEEDED(resultA)) {
IUIAutomationTreeWalker walker =
IUIAutomationTreeWalkerConverter.PointerToInterface(pUnknownA);
return new AutomationTreeWalker(walker);
} else {
throw new AutomationException(resultA.intValue());
}
}
/**
* Adds an automation event handler.
*
IntByReference eventId,
TreeScope scope,
Pointer element,
PointerByReference cacheRequest,
PointerByReference handler
*
* @param event The identifier of the event that the method handles.
* @param scope The scope of events to be handled; that is, whether they are on the element itself, or on its ancestors and descendants.
* @param element The UI Automation element to associate with the event handler.
* @param handler The object that handles the event.
* @throws AutomationException
*/
/*
public void addAutomationEventHandler(EventID event,
TreeScope scope,
AutomationElement element,
AutomationHandler handler) throws AutomationException {
IntByReference ibr = new IntByReference();
ibr.setValue(event.getValue());
PointerByReference handlerRef = new PointerByReference();
PointerByReference pElement = new PointerByReference();
WinNT.HRESULT resultA = element.element.QueryInterface(new Guid.REFIID(IUIAutomationElement3.IID), pElement);
if (COMUtils.SUCCEEDED(resultA)) {
throw new AutomationException();
}
if (automation.addAutomationEventHandler(ibr, scope, pElement.getValue(), null, handler) != 0) {
throw new AutomationException();
}
}
*/
/*
IntByReference eventId, PointerByReference element, PointerByReference handler
*/
/*
public void removeAutomationEventHandler(EventID event) {
IntByReference ibr = new IntByReference();
ibr.setValue(event.getValue());
automation.removeAutomationEventHandler(ibr);
}
*/
}