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/*
* Copyright 2017 Google Inc.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package com.google.firebase.database.connection;
import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkArgument;
import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkState;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
import com.google.firebase.database.util.JsonMapper;
import java.io.EOFException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URI;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledFuture;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
/**
* Represents a WebSocket connection to the Firebase Realtime Database. This abstraction acts as
* the mediator between low-level IO ({@link WSClient}), and high-level connection management
* ({@link Connection}). It handles frame buffering, most of the low-level errors, and notifies the
* higher layer when necessary. Higher layer signals this implementation when it needs to send a
* message out, or when a graceful connection tear down should be initiated.
*/
class WebsocketConnection {
private static final long KEEP_ALIVE_TIMEOUT_MS = 45 * 1000; // 45 seconds
private static final long CONNECT_TIMEOUT_MS = 30 * 1000; // 30 seconds
private static final int MAX_FRAME_SIZE = 16384;
private static final AtomicLong CONN_ID = new AtomicLong(0);
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(WebsocketConnection.class);
private final ScheduledExecutorService executorService;
private final WSClient conn;
private final Delegate delegate;
private final String label;
private StringList buffer;
private boolean everConnected = false;
private boolean isClosed = false;
private ScheduledFuture keepAlive;
private ScheduledFuture connectTimeout;
WebsocketConnection(
ConnectionContext connectionContext,
HostInfo hostInfo,
String optCachedHost,
Delegate delegate,
String optLastSessionId) {
this(connectionContext, delegate,
new DefaultWSClientFactory(connectionContext, hostInfo, optCachedHost, optLastSessionId));
}
WebsocketConnection(
ConnectionContext connectionContext,
Delegate delegate,
WSClientFactory clientFactory) {
this.executorService = connectionContext.getExecutorService();
this.delegate = delegate;
this.label = "[ws_" + CONN_ID.getAndIncrement() + "]";
this.conn = clientFactory.newClient(new WSClientHandlerImpl());
}
void open() {
conn.connect();
connectTimeout =
executorService.schedule(
new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
closeIfNeverConnected();
}
},
CONNECT_TIMEOUT_MS,
TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
}
void start() {
// No-op in java
}
void close() {
logger.debug("{} Websocket is being closed", label);
isClosed = true;
conn.close();
// Although true is passed for both of these, they each run on the same event loop, so
// they will never be running.
if (connectTimeout != null) {
connectTimeout.cancel(true);
connectTimeout = null;
}
if (keepAlive != null) {
keepAlive.cancel(true);
keepAlive = null;
}
}
void send(Map message) {
resetKeepAlive();
try {
String toSend = JsonMapper.serializeJson(message);
List frames = splitIntoFrames(toSend, MAX_FRAME_SIZE);
if (frames.size() > 1) {
conn.send("" + frames.size());
}
for (String seg : frames) {
conn.send(seg);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("{} Failed to serialize message: {}", label, message, e);
closeAndNotify();
}
}
private List splitIntoFrames(String src, int maxFrameSize) {
if (src.length() <= maxFrameSize) {
return ImmutableList.of(src);
} else {
ImmutableList.Builder frames = ImmutableList.builder();
for (int i = 0; i < src.length(); i += maxFrameSize) {
int end = Math.min(i + maxFrameSize, src.length());
String seg = src.substring(i, end);
frames.add(seg);
}
return frames.build();
}
}
private void handleNewFrameCount(int numFrames) {
logger.debug("{} Handle new frame count: {}", label, numFrames);
buffer = new StringList(numFrames);
}
private void appendFrame(String message) {
int framesRemaining = buffer.append(message);
if (framesRemaining > 0) {
return;
}
// Decode JSON
String combined = buffer.combine();
try {
Map decoded = JsonMapper.parseJson(combined);
logger.debug("{} Parsed complete frame: {}", label, decoded);
delegate.onMessage(decoded);
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("{} Error parsing frame: {}", label, combined, e);
closeAndNotify();
} catch (ClassCastException e) {
logger.error("{} Error parsing frame (cast error): {}", label, combined, e);
closeAndNotify();
}
}
private String extractFrameCount(String message) {
// TODO: The server is only supposed to send up to 9999 frames (i.e. length <= 4), but that
// isn't being enforced currently. So allowing larger frame counts (length <= 6).
// See https://app.asana.com/0/search/8688598998380/8237608042508
if (message.length() <= 6) {
try {
int frameCount = Integer.parseInt(message);
if (frameCount > 0) {
handleNewFrameCount(frameCount);
}
return null;
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
// not a number, default to frame count 1
}
}
handleNewFrameCount(1);
return message;
}
private void handleIncomingFrame(String message) {
if (isClosed) {
return;
}
resetKeepAlive();
if (buffer != null && buffer.hasRemaining()) {
appendFrame(message);
} else {
String remaining = extractFrameCount(message);
if (remaining != null) {
appendFrame(remaining);
}
}
}
private void resetKeepAlive() {
if (isClosed) {
return;
}
if (keepAlive != null) {
keepAlive.cancel(false);
logger.debug("{} Reset keepAlive. Remaining: {}", label,
keepAlive.getDelay(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS));
} else {
logger.debug("{} Reset keepAlive", label);
}
keepAlive = executorService.schedule(nop(), KEEP_ALIVE_TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
}
private Runnable nop() {
return new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
if (conn != null) {
conn.send("0");
resetKeepAlive();
}
}
};
}
/**
* Closes the low-level connection, and notifies the higher layer ({@link Connection}.
*/
private void closeAndNotify() {
if (!isClosed) {
close();
delegate.onDisconnect(everConnected);
}
}
private void onClosed() {
if (!isClosed) {
logger.debug("{} Closing itself", label);
closeAndNotify();
}
}
private void closeIfNeverConnected() {
if (!everConnected && !isClosed) {
logger.debug("{} Timed out on connect", label);
closeAndNotify();
}
}
/**
* A client handler implementation that gets notified by the low-level WebSocket client. These
* events fire on the same thread as the WebSocket client. We log the events on the same thread,
* and hand them off to the RunLoop for further processing.
*/
private class WSClientHandlerImpl implements WSClientEventHandler {
@Override
public void onOpen() {
logger.debug("{} Websocket opened", label);
executorService.execute(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
connectTimeout.cancel(false);
everConnected = true;
resetKeepAlive();
}
});
}
@Override
public void onMessage(final String message) {
logger.debug("{} WS message: {}", label, message);
executorService.execute(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
handleIncomingFrame(message);
}
});
}
@Override
public void onClose() {
logger.debug("{} Closed", label);
if (!isClosed) {
// If the connection tear down was initiated by the higher-layer, isClosed will already
// be true. Nothing more to do in that case.
executorService.execute(
new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
onClosed();
}
});
}
}
@Override
public void onError(final Throwable e) {
if (e instanceof EOFException || e.getCause() instanceof EOFException) {
logger.debug("{} WebSocket reached EOF", label, e);
} else {
logger.error("{} WebSocket error", label, e);
}
executorService.execute(
new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
onClosed();
}
});
}
}
/**
* Handles buffering of WebSocket frames. The database server breaks large messages into smaller
* frames. This class accumulates them in memory, and reconstructs the original message
* before passing it to the higher layers of the client for processing.
*/
private static class StringList {
private final List buffer;
private int remaining;
StringList(int capacity) {
checkArgument(capacity > 0);
this.buffer = new ArrayList<>(capacity);
this.remaining = capacity;
}
int append(String frame) {
checkState(hasRemaining());
buffer.add(frame);
return --remaining;
}
boolean hasRemaining() {
return remaining > 0;
}
/**
* Combines frames (message fragments) received so far into a single text message. It is an
* error to call this before receiving all the frames needed to reconstruct the message.
*/
String combine() {
checkState(!hasRemaining());
try {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (String frame : buffer) {
sb.append(frame);
}
return sb.toString();
} finally {
buffer.clear();
}
}
}
/**
* Higher-level event handler ({@link Connection})
*/
interface Delegate {
void onMessage(Map message);
void onDisconnect(boolean wasEverConnected);
}
/**
* Low-level WebSocket client. Implementations handle low-level network IO.
*/
interface WSClient {
void connect();
void close();
void send(String msg);
}
interface WSClientFactory {
WSClient newClient(
WSClientEventHandler delegate);
}
private static class DefaultWSClientFactory implements WSClientFactory {
final ConnectionContext context;
final HostInfo hostInfo;
final String optCachedHost;
final String optLastSessionId;
DefaultWSClientFactory(ConnectionContext context, HostInfo hostInfo, String
optCachedHost, String optLastSessionId) {
this.context = context;
this.hostInfo = hostInfo;
this.optCachedHost = optCachedHost;
this.optLastSessionId = optLastSessionId;
}
public WSClient newClient(WSClientEventHandler delegate) {
String host = (optCachedHost != null) ? optCachedHost : hostInfo.getHost();
URI uri = HostInfo.getConnectionUrl(
host, hostInfo.isSecure(), hostInfo.getNamespace(), optLastSessionId);
return new NettyWebSocketClient(uri, hostInfo.isSecure(), context.getUserAgent(),
context.getThreadFactory(), delegate);
}
}
/**
* Event handler that handles the events generated by a low-level {@link WSClient}.
*/
interface WSClientEventHandler {
void onOpen();
void onMessage(String message);
void onClose();
void onError(Throwable t);
}
}