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AIMA-Java Core Algorithms from the book Artificial Intelligence a Modern Approach 3rd Ed.
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1. Title: Iris Plants Database
        Updated Sept 21 by C.Blake - Added discrepency information

2. Sources:
     (a) Creator: R.A. Fisher
     (b) Donor: Michael Marshall (MARSHALL%[email protected])
     (c) Date: July, 1988

3. Past Usage:
   - Publications: too many to mention!!!  Here are a few.
   1. Fisher,R.A. "The use of multiple measurements in taxonomic problems"
      Annual Eugenics, 7, Part II, 179-188 (1936); also in "Contributions
      to Mathematical Statistics" (John Wiley, NY, 1950).
   2. Duda,R.O., & Hart,P.E. (1973) Pattern Classification and Scene Analysis.
      (Q327.D83) John Wiley & Sons.  ISBN 0-471-22361-1.  See page 218.
   3. Dasarathy, B.V. (1980) "Nosing Around the Neighborhood: A New System
      Structure and Classification Rule for Recognition in Partially Exposed
      Environments".  IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine
      Intelligence, Vol. PAMI-2, No. 1, 67-71.
      -- Results:
         -- very low misclassification rates (0% for the setosa class)
   4. Gates, G.W. (1972) "The Reduced Nearest Neighbor Rule".  IEEE 
      Transactions on Information Theory, May 1972, 431-433.
      -- Results:
         -- very low misclassification rates again
   5. See also: 1988 MLC Proceedings, 54-64.  Cheeseman et al's AUTOCLASS II
      conceptual clustering system finds 3 classes in the data.

4. Relevant Information:
   --- This is perhaps the best known database to be found in the pattern
       recognition literature.  Fisher's paper is a classic in the field
       and is referenced frequently to this day.  (See Duda & Hart, for
       example.)  The data set contains 3 classes of 50 instances each,
       where each class refers to a type of iris plant.  One class is
       linearly separable from the other 2; the latter are NOT linearly
       separable from each other.
   --- Predicted attribute: class of iris plant.
   --- This is an exceedingly simple domain.
   --- This data differs from the data presented in Fishers article
        (identified by Steve Chadwick,  [email protected] )
        The 35th sample should be: 4.9,3.1,1.5,0.2,"Iris-setosa"
        where the error is in the fourth feature.
        The 38th sample: 4.9,3.6,1.4,0.1,"Iris-setosa"
        where the errors are in the second and third features.  

5. Number of Instances: 150 (50 in each of three classes)

6. Number of Attributes: 4 numeric, predictive attributes and the class

7. Attribute Information:
   1. sepal length in cm
   2. sepal width in cm
   3. petal length in cm
   4. petal width in cm
   5. class: 
      -- Iris Setosa
      -- Iris Versicolour
      -- Iris Virginica

8. Missing Attribute Values: None

Summary Statistics:
                 Min  Max   Mean    SD   Class Correlation
   sepal length: 4.3  7.9   5.84  0.83    0.7826   
    sepal width: 2.0  4.4   3.05  0.43   -0.4194
   petal length: 1.0  6.9   3.76  1.76    0.9490  (high!)
    petal width: 0.1  2.5   1.20  0.76    0.9565  (high!)

9. Class Distribution: 33.3% for each of 3 classes.