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001 /*
002 * Copyright (C) 2007 The Guava Authors
003 *
004 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
005 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
006 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
007 *
008 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
009 *
010 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
011 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
012 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
013 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
014 * limitations under the License.
015 */
016
017 package com.google.common.base;
018
019 import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull;
020
021 import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
022
023 import java.util.Arrays;
024
025 import javax.annotation.Nullable;
026
027 /**
028 * Helper functions that can operate on any {@code Object}.
029 *
030 * @author Laurence Gonsalves
031 * @since 2.0 (imported from Google Collections Library)
032 */
033 @GwtCompatible
034 public final class Objects {
035 private Objects() {}
036
037 /**
038 * Determines whether two possibly-null objects are equal. Returns:
039 *
040 * <ul>
041 * <li>{@code true} if {@code a} and {@code b} are both null.
042 * <li>{@code true} if {@code a} and {@code b} are both non-null and they are
043 * equal according to {@link Object#equals(Object)}.
044 * <li>{@code false} in all other situations.
045 * </ul>
046 *
047 * <p>This assumes that any non-null objects passed to this function conform
048 * to the {@code equals()} contract.
049 */
050 public static boolean equal(@Nullable Object a, @Nullable Object b) {
051 return a == b || (a != null && a.equals(b));
052 }
053
054 /**
055 * Generates a hash code for multiple values. The hash code is generated by
056 * calling {@link Arrays#hashCode(Object[])}.
057 *
058 * <p>This is useful for implementing {@link Object#hashCode()}. For example,
059 * in an object that has three properties, {@code x}, {@code y}, and
060 * {@code z}, one could write:
061 * <pre>
062 * public int hashCode() {
063 * return Objects.hashCode(getX(), getY(), getZ());
064 * }</pre>
065 *
066 * <b>Warning</b>: When a single object is supplied, the returned hash code
067 * does not equal the hash code of that object.
068 */
069 public static int hashCode(@Nullable Object... objects) {
070 return Arrays.hashCode(objects);
071 }
072
073 /**
074 * Creates an instance of {@link ToStringHelper}.
075 *
076 * <p>This is helpful for implementing {@link Object#toString()}.
077 * Specification by example: <pre> {@code
078 * // Returns "ClassName{}"
079 * Objects.toStringHelper(this)
080 * .toString();
081 *
082 * // Returns "ClassName{x=1}"
083 * Objects.toStringHelper(this)
084 * .add("x", 1)
085 * .toString();
086 *
087 * // Returns "MyObject{x=1}"
088 * Objects.toStringHelper("MyObject")
089 * .add("x", 1)
090 * .toString();
091 *
092 * // Returns "ClassName{x=1, y=foo}"
093 * Objects.toStringHelper(this)
094 * .add("x", 1)
095 * .add("y", "foo")
096 * .toString();
097 * }}</pre>
098 *
099 * <p>Note that in GWT, class names are often obfuscated.
100 *
101 * @param self the object to generate the string for (typically {@code this}),
102 * used only for its class name
103 * @since 2.0
104 */
105 public static ToStringHelper toStringHelper(Object self) {
106 return new ToStringHelper(simpleName(self.getClass()));
107 }
108
109 /**
110 * Creates an instance of {@link ToStringHelper} in the same manner as
111 * {@link Objects#toStringHelper(Object)}, but using the name of {@code clazz}
112 * instead of using an instance's {@link Object#getClass()}.
113 *
114 * <p>Note that in GWT, class names are often obfuscated.
115 *
116 * @param clazz the {@link Class} of the instance
117 * @since 7.0 (source-compatible since 2.0)
118 */
119 public static ToStringHelper toStringHelper(Class<?> clazz) {
120 return new ToStringHelper(simpleName(clazz));
121 }
122
123 /**
124 * Creates an instance of {@link ToStringHelper} in the same manner as
125 * {@link Objects#toStringHelper(Object)}, but using {@code className} instead
126 * of using an instance's {@link Object#getClass()}.
127 *
128 * @param className the name of the instance type
129 * @since 7.0 (source-compatible since 2.0)
130 */
131 public static ToStringHelper toStringHelper(String className) {
132 return new ToStringHelper(className);
133 }
134
135 /**
136 * {@link Class#getSimpleName()} is not GWT compatible yet, so we
137 * provide our own implementation.
138 */
139 private static String simpleName(Class<?> clazz) {
140 String name = clazz.getName();
141
142 // the nth anonymous class has a class name ending in "Outer$n"
143 // and local inner classes have names ending in "Outer.$1Inner"
144 name = name.replaceAll("\\$[0-9]+", "\\$");
145
146 // we want the name of the inner class all by its lonesome
147 int start = name.lastIndexOf('$');
148
149 // if this isn't an inner class, just find the start of the
150 // top level class name.
151 if (start == -1) {
152 start = name.lastIndexOf('.');
153 }
154 return name.substring(start + 1);
155 }
156
157 /**
158 * Returns the first of two given parameters that is not {@code null}, if
159 * either is, or otherwise throws a {@link NullPointerException}.
160 *
161 * <p><b>Note:</b> if {@code first} is represented as an {@code Optional<T>},
162 * this can be accomplished with {@code first.or(second)}. That approach also
163 * allows for lazy evaluation of the fallback instance, using
164 * {@code first.or(Supplier)}.
165 *
166 * @return {@code first} if {@code first} is not {@code null}, or
167 * {@code second} if {@code first} is {@code null} and {@code second} is
168 * not {@code null}
169 * @throws NullPointerException if both {@code first} and {@code second} were
170 * {@code null}
171 * @since 3.0
172 */
173 public static <T> T firstNonNull(@Nullable T first, @Nullable T second) {
174 return first != null ? first : checkNotNull(second);
175 }
176
177 /**
178 * Support class for {@link Objects#toStringHelper}.
179 *
180 * @author Jason Lee
181 * @since 2.0
182 */
183 public static final class ToStringHelper {
184 private final StringBuilder builder;
185 private boolean needsSeparator = false;
186
187 /**
188 * Use {@link Objects#toStringHelper(Object)} to create an instance.
189 */
190 private ToStringHelper(String className) {
191 checkNotNull(className);
192 this.builder = new StringBuilder(32).append(className).append('{');
193 }
194
195 /**
196 * Adds a name/value pair to the formatted output in {@code name=value}
197 * format. If {@code value} is {@code null}, the string {@code "null"}
198 * is used.
199 */
200 public ToStringHelper add(String name, @Nullable Object value) {
201 checkNameAndAppend(name).append(value);
202 return this;
203 }
204
205 /**
206 * Adds a name/value pair to the formatted output in {@code name=value}
207 * format.
208 *
209 * @since 11.0 (source-compatible since 2.0)
210 */
211 public ToStringHelper add(String name, boolean value) {
212 checkNameAndAppend(name).append(value);
213 return this;
214 }
215
216 /**
217 * Adds a name/value pair to the formatted output in {@code name=value}
218 * format.
219 *
220 * @since 11.0 (source-compatible since 2.0)
221 */
222 public ToStringHelper add(String name, char value) {
223 checkNameAndAppend(name).append(value);
224 return this;
225 }
226
227 /**
228 * Adds a name/value pair to the formatted output in {@code name=value}
229 * format.
230 *
231 * @since 11.0 (source-compatible since 2.0)
232 */
233 public ToStringHelper add(String name, double value) {
234 checkNameAndAppend(name).append(value);
235 return this;
236 }
237
238 /**
239 * Adds a name/value pair to the formatted output in {@code name=value}
240 * format.
241 *
242 * @since 11.0 (source-compatible since 2.0)
243 */
244 public ToStringHelper add(String name, float value) {
245 checkNameAndAppend(name).append(value);
246 return this;
247 }
248
249 /**
250 * Adds a name/value pair to the formatted output in {@code name=value}
251 * format.
252 *
253 * @since 11.0 (source-compatible since 2.0)
254 */
255 public ToStringHelper add(String name, int value) {
256 checkNameAndAppend(name).append(value);
257 return this;
258 }
259
260 /**
261 * Adds a name/value pair to the formatted output in {@code name=value}
262 * format.
263 *
264 * @since 11.0 (source-compatible since 2.0)
265 */
266 public ToStringHelper add(String name, long value) {
267 checkNameAndAppend(name).append(value);
268 return this;
269 }
270
271 private StringBuilder checkNameAndAppend(String name) {
272 checkNotNull(name);
273 return maybeAppendSeparator().append(name).append('=');
274 }
275
276 /**
277 * Adds an unnamed value to the formatted output.
278 *
279 * <p>It is strongly encouraged to use {@link #add(String, Object)} instead
280 * and give value a readable name.
281 */
282 public ToStringHelper addValue(@Nullable Object value) {
283 maybeAppendSeparator().append(value);
284 return this;
285 }
286
287 /**
288 * Adds an unnamed value to the formatted output.
289 *
290 * <p>It is strongly encouraged to use {@link #add(String, boolean)} instead
291 * and give value a readable name.
292 *
293 * @since 11.0 (source-compatible since 2.0)
294 */
295 public ToStringHelper addValue(boolean value) {
296 maybeAppendSeparator().append(value);
297 return this;
298 }
299
300 /**
301 * Adds an unnamed value to the formatted output.
302 *
303 * <p>It is strongly encouraged to use {@link #add(String, char)} instead
304 * and give value a readable name.
305 *
306 * @since 11.0 (source-compatible since 2.0)
307 */
308 public ToStringHelper addValue(char value) {
309 maybeAppendSeparator().append(value);
310 return this;
311 }
312
313 /**
314 * Adds an unnamed value to the formatted output.
315 *
316 * <p>It is strongly encouraged to use {@link #add(String, double)} instead
317 * and give value a readable name.
318 *
319 * @since 11.0 (source-compatible since 2.0)
320 */
321 public ToStringHelper addValue(double value) {
322 maybeAppendSeparator().append(value);
323 return this;
324 }
325
326 /**
327 * Adds an unnamed value to the formatted output.
328 *
329 * <p>It is strongly encouraged to use {@link #add(String, float)} instead
330 * and give value a readable name.
331 *
332 * @since 11.0 (source-compatible since 2.0)
333 */
334 public ToStringHelper addValue(float value) {
335 maybeAppendSeparator().append(value);
336 return this;
337 }
338
339 /**
340 * Adds an unnamed value to the formatted output.
341 *
342 * <p>It is strongly encouraged to use {@link #add(String, int)} instead
343 * and give value a readable name.
344 *
345 * @since 11.0 (source-compatible since 2.0)
346 */
347 public ToStringHelper addValue(int value) {
348 maybeAppendSeparator().append(value);
349 return this;
350 }
351
352 /**
353 * Adds an unnamed value to the formatted output.
354 *
355 * <p>It is strongly encouraged to use {@link #add(String, long)} instead
356 * and give value a readable name.
357 *
358 * @since 11.0 (source-compatible since 2.0)
359 */
360 public ToStringHelper addValue(long value) {
361 maybeAppendSeparator().append(value);
362 return this;
363 }
364
365 /**
366 * Returns a string in the format specified by {@link
367 * Objects#toStringHelper(Object)}.
368 */
369 @Override public String toString() {
370 try {
371 return builder.append('}').toString();
372 } finally {
373 // Slice off the closing brace in case there are additional calls to
374 // #add or #addValue.
375 builder.setLength(builder.length() - 1);
376 }
377 }
378
379 private StringBuilder maybeAppendSeparator() {
380 if (needsSeparator) {
381 return builder.append(", ");
382 } else {
383 needsSeparator = true;
384 return builder;
385 }
386 }
387 }
388 }
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