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The Apache Commons Codec package contains simple encoder and decoders for various formats such as Base64 and Hexadecimal. In addition to these widely used encoders and decoders, the codec package also maintains a collection of phonetic encoding utilities.

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/* ====================================================================
   Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
   contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
   this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
   The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
   (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
   the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
   limitations under the License.
==================================================================== */
package org.apache.poi.hpsf;

import org.apache.poi.util.Internal;
import org.apache.poi.util.LittleEndianByteArrayInputStream;

@Internal
public class Array
{
    static class ArrayDimension {
        private long _size;
        @SuppressWarnings("unused")
        private int _indexOffset;

        void read( LittleEndianByteArrayInputStream lei ) {
            _size = lei.readUInt();
            _indexOffset = lei.readInt();
        }
    }

    static class ArrayHeader
    {
        private ArrayDimension[] _dimensions;
        private int _type;

        void read( LittleEndianByteArrayInputStream lei ) {
            _type = lei.readInt();

            long numDimensionsUnsigned = lei.readUInt();

            if ( !( 1 <= numDimensionsUnsigned && numDimensionsUnsigned <= 31 ) ) {
                String msg = "Array dimension number "+numDimensionsUnsigned+" is not in [1; 31] range";
                throw new IllegalPropertySetDataException(msg);
            }
                
            int numDimensions = (int) numDimensionsUnsigned;

            _dimensions = new ArrayDimension[numDimensions];
            for ( int i = 0; i < numDimensions; i++ ) {
                ArrayDimension ad = new ArrayDimension();
                ad.read(lei);
                _dimensions[i] = ad;
            }
        }

        long getNumberOfScalarValues() {
            long result = 1;
            for ( ArrayDimension dimension : _dimensions ) {
                result *= dimension._size;
            }
            return result;
        }

        int getType() {
            return _type;
        }
    }

    private final ArrayHeader _header = new ArrayHeader();
    private TypedPropertyValue[] _values;

    public void read( LittleEndianByteArrayInputStream lei ) {
        _header.read(lei);

        long numberOfScalarsLong = _header.getNumberOfScalarValues();
        if ( numberOfScalarsLong > Integer.MAX_VALUE ) {
            String msg =
                "Sorry, but POI can't store array of properties with size of " +
                numberOfScalarsLong + " in memory";
            throw new UnsupportedOperationException(msg);
        }
        int numberOfScalars = (int) numberOfScalarsLong;

        _values = new TypedPropertyValue[numberOfScalars];
        int paddedType = (_header._type == Variant.VT_VARIANT) ? 0 : _header._type;
        for ( int i = 0; i < numberOfScalars; i++ ) {
            TypedPropertyValue typedPropertyValue = new TypedPropertyValue(paddedType, null);
            typedPropertyValue.read(lei);
            _values[i] = typedPropertyValue;
            if (paddedType != 0) {
                TypedPropertyValue.skipPadding(lei);
            }
        }
    }

    public TypedPropertyValue[] getValues(){
        return _values;
    }
}