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Apache Commons Text is a library focused on algorithms working on strings.
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/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.apache.commons.text.translate;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Writer;

import org.apache.commons.lang3.Range;

/**
 * Translates codepoints to their XML numeric entity escaped value.
 *
 * @since 1.0
 */
public class NumericEntityEscaper extends CodePointTranslator {

    /** whether to escape between the boundaries or outside them. */
    private final boolean between;
    /** range from lowest codepoint to highest codepoint. */
    private final Range range;
    /**
     * Constructs a {@code NumericEntityEscaper} for the specified range. This is
     * the underlying method for the other constructors/builders. The {@code below}
     * and {@code above} boundaries are inclusive when {@code between} is
     * {@code true} and exclusive when it is {@code false}.
     *
     * @param below int value representing the lowest codepoint boundary
     * @param above int value representing the highest codepoint boundary
     * @param between whether to escape between the boundaries or outside them
     */
    private NumericEntityEscaper(final int below, final int above, final boolean between) {
        this.range = Range.between(below, above);
        this.between = between;
    }

    /**
     * Constructs a {@code NumericEntityEscaper} for all characters.
     */
    public NumericEntityEscaper() {
        this(0, Integer.MAX_VALUE, true);
    }

    /**
     * Constructs a {@code NumericEntityEscaper} below the specified value (exclusive).
     *
     * @param codepoint below which to escape
     * @return The newly created {@code NumericEntityEscaper} instance
     */
    public static NumericEntityEscaper below(final int codepoint) {
        return outsideOf(codepoint, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
    }

    /**
     * Constructs a {@code NumericEntityEscaper} above the specified value (exclusive).
     *
     * @param codepoint above which to escape
     * @return The newly created {@code NumericEntityEscaper} instance
     */
    public static NumericEntityEscaper above(final int codepoint) {
        return outsideOf(0, codepoint);
    }

    /**
     * Constructs a {@code NumericEntityEscaper} between the specified values (inclusive).
     *
     * @param codepointLow above which to escape
     * @param codepointHigh below which to escape
     * @return The newly created {@code NumericEntityEscaper} instance
     */
    public static NumericEntityEscaper between(final int codepointLow, final int codepointHigh) {
        return new NumericEntityEscaper(codepointLow, codepointHigh, true);
    }

    /**
     * Constructs a {@code NumericEntityEscaper} outside of the specified values (exclusive).
     *
     * @param codepointLow below which to escape
     * @param codepointHigh above which to escape
     * @return The newly created {@code NumericEntityEscaper} instance
     */
    public static NumericEntityEscaper outsideOf(final int codepointLow, final int codepointHigh) {
        return new NumericEntityEscaper(codepointLow, codepointHigh, false);
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritDoc}
     */
    @Override
    public boolean translate(final int codepoint, final Writer out) throws IOException {
        if (this.between != this.range.contains(codepoint)) {
            return false;
        }
        out.write("&#");
        out.write(Integer.toString(codepoint, 10));
        out.write(';');
        return true;
    }
}