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/*
* Copyright (c) 2011, Harald Kuhr
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
*
* * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
* list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
*
* * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
* this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
* and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* * Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
* this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
* AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
* DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
* SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
* CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
* OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
* OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
package com.twelvemonkeys.imageio.metadata.jpeg;
import com.twelvemonkeys.imageio.metadata.Directory;
import com.twelvemonkeys.imageio.metadata.Entry;
import com.twelvemonkeys.imageio.metadata.psd.PSD;
import com.twelvemonkeys.imageio.metadata.psd.PSDReader;
import com.twelvemonkeys.imageio.metadata.tiff.TIFFReader;
import com.twelvemonkeys.imageio.metadata.xmp.XMP;
import com.twelvemonkeys.imageio.metadata.xmp.XMPReader;
import com.twelvemonkeys.imageio.stream.ByteArrayImageInputStream;
import javax.imageio.IIOException;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.imageio.stream.ImageInputStream;
import java.awt.color.ICC_ColorSpace;
import java.awt.color.ICC_Profile;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.EOFException;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.*;
import static com.twelvemonkeys.lang.Validate.notNull;
/**
* JPEGSegmentUtil
*
* @author Harald Kuhr
* @author last modified by $Author: haraldk$
* @version $Id: JPEGSegmentUtil.java,v 1.0 24.01.11 17.37 haraldk Exp$
*/
public final class JPEGSegmentUtil {
public static final List ALL_IDS = Collections.unmodifiableList(new AllIdsList());
public static final Map> ALL_SEGMENTS = Collections.unmodifiableMap(new AllSegmentsMap());
public static final Map> APP_SEGMENTS = Collections.unmodifiableMap(new AllAppSegmentsMap());
private JPEGSegmentUtil() {}
/**
* Reads the requested JPEG segments from the stream.
* The stream position must be directly before the SOI marker, and only segments for the current image is read.
*
* @param stream the stream to read from.
* @param marker the segment marker to read
* @param identifier the identifier to read, or {@code null} to match any segment
* @return a list of segments with the given app marker and optional identifier. If no segments are found, an
* empty list is returned.
* @throws IIOException if a JPEG format exception occurs during reading
* @throws IOException if an I/O exception occurs during reading
*/
public static List readSegments(final ImageInputStream stream, final int marker, final String identifier) throws IOException {
return readSegments(stream, Collections.singletonMap(marker, identifier != null ? Collections.singletonList(identifier) : ALL_IDS));
}
/**
* Reads the requested JPEG segments from the stream.
* The stream position must be directly before the SOI marker, and only segments for the current image is read.
*
* @param stream the stream to read from.
* @param segmentIdentifiers the segment identifiers
* @return a list of segments with the given app markers and optional identifiers. If no segments are found, an
* empty list is returned.
* @throws IIOException if a JPEG format exception occurs during reading
* @throws IOException if an I/O exception occurs during reading
*
* @see #ALL_SEGMENTS
* @see #APP_SEGMENTS
* @see #ALL_IDS
*/
public static List readSegments(final ImageInputStream stream, final Map> segmentIdentifiers) throws IOException {
readSOI(notNull(stream, "stream"));
List segments = Collections.emptyList();
JPEGSegment segment;
try {
do {
segment = readSegment(stream, segmentIdentifiers);
// System.err.println("segment: " + segment);
if (isRequested(segment, segmentIdentifiers)) {
if (segments == Collections.EMPTY_LIST) {
segments = new ArrayList<>();
}
segments.add(segment);
}
}
while (!isImageDone(segment));
}
catch (EOFException ignore) {
// Just end here, in case of malformed stream
}
// TODO: Should probably skip until EOI, so that multiple invocations succeeds for multiple image streams.
return segments;
}
private static boolean isRequested(JPEGSegment segment, Map> segmentIdentifiers) {
return (segmentIdentifiers.containsKey(segment.marker) &&
(segment.identifier() == null && segmentIdentifiers.get(segment.marker) == null || containsSafe(segment, segmentIdentifiers)));
}
private static boolean containsSafe(JPEGSegment segment, Map> segmentIdentifiers) {
List identifiers = segmentIdentifiers.get(segment.marker);
return identifiers != null && identifiers.contains(segment.identifier());
}
private static boolean isImageDone(final JPEGSegment segment) {
// We're done with this image if we encounter a SOS, EOI (or a new SOI, but that should never happen)
return segment.marker == JPEG.SOS || segment.marker == JPEG.EOI || segment.marker == JPEG.SOI;
}
static String asNullTerminatedAsciiString(final byte[] data, final int offset) {
for (int i = 0; i < data.length - offset; i++) {
if (data[offset + i] == 0 || i > 255) {
return asAsciiString(data, offset, offset + i);
}
}
return null;
}
static String asAsciiString(final byte[] data, final int offset, final int length) {
return new String(data, offset, length, StandardCharsets.US_ASCII);
}
static void readSOI(final ImageInputStream stream) throws IOException {
if (stream.readUnsignedShort() != JPEG.SOI) {
throw new IIOException("Not a JPEG stream");
}
}
static JPEGSegment readSegment(final ImageInputStream stream, final Map> segmentIdentifiers) throws IOException {
// int trash = 0;
int marker = stream.readUnsignedByte();
while (!isKnownJPEGMarker(marker)) {
// Skip trash padding before the marker
while (marker != 0xff) {
marker = stream.readUnsignedByte();
// trash++;
}
// if (trash != 0) {
// TODO: Issue warning?
// System.err.println("trash: " + trash);
// }
marker = 0xff00 | stream.readUnsignedByte();
// Skip over 0xff padding between markers
while (marker == 0xffff) {
marker = 0xff00 | stream.readUnsignedByte();
}
}
if ((marker >> 8 & 0xff) != 0xff) {
throw new IIOException(String.format("Bad marker: %04x", marker));
}
int length = stream.readUnsignedShort(); // Length including length field itself
byte[] data;
if (segmentIdentifiers.containsKey(marker)) {
data = new byte[Math.max(0, length - 2)];
stream.readFully(data);
}
else {
if (JPEGSegment.isAppSegmentMarker(marker)) {
ByteArrayOutputStream buffer = new ByteArrayOutputStream(32);
int read;
// NOTE: Read until null-termination (0) or EOF
while ((read = stream.read()) > 0) {
buffer.write(read);
}
data = buffer.toByteArray();
stream.skipBytes(length - 3 - data.length);
}
else {
data = null;
stream.skipBytes(length - 2);
}
}
return new JPEGSegment(marker, data, length);
}
public static boolean isKnownJPEGMarker(final int marker) {
switch (marker) {
case JPEG.SOI:
case JPEG.EOI:
case JPEG.DHT:
case JPEG.SOS:
case JPEG.DQT:
case JPEG.COM:
case JPEG.SOF0:
case JPEG.SOF1:
case JPEG.SOF2:
case JPEG.SOF3:
case JPEG.SOF5:
case JPEG.SOF6:
case JPEG.SOF7:
case JPEG.SOF9:
case JPEG.SOF10:
case JPEG.SOF11:
case JPEG.SOF13:
case JPEG.SOF14:
case JPEG.SOF15:
case JPEG.SOF55:
case JPEG.APP0:
case JPEG.APP1:
case JPEG.APP2:
case JPEG.APP3:
case JPEG.APP4:
case JPEG.APP5:
case JPEG.APP6:
case JPEG.APP7:
case JPEG.APP8:
case JPEG.APP9:
case JPEG.APP10:
case JPEG.APP11:
case JPEG.APP12:
case JPEG.APP13:
case JPEG.APP14:
case JPEG.APP15:
case JPEG.DRI:
case JPEG.TEM:
case JPEG.DAC:
case JPEG.DHP:
case JPEG.DNL:
case JPEG.EXP:
case JPEG.LSE:
return true;
default:
return false;
}
}
private static class AllIdsList extends ArrayList {
@Override
public String toString() {
return "[All ids]";
}
@Override
public boolean contains(final Object o) {
return true;
}
}
private static class AllSegmentsMap extends HashMap> {
@Override
public String toString() {
return "{All segments}";
}
@Override
public List get(final Object key) {
return key instanceof Integer && JPEGSegment.isAppSegmentMarker((Integer) key) ? ALL_IDS : null;
}
@Override
public boolean containsKey(final Object key) {
return true;
}
}
private static class AllAppSegmentsMap extends HashMap> {
@Override
public String toString() {
return "{All APPn segments}";
}
@Override
public List get(final Object key) {
return containsKey(key) ? ALL_IDS : null;
}
@Override
public boolean containsKey(Object key) {
return key instanceof Integer && JPEGSegment.isAppSegmentMarker((Integer) key);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
for (String arg : args) {
if (args.length > 1) {
System.out.println("File: " + arg);
System.out.println("------");
}
List segments = readSegments(ImageIO.createImageInputStream(new File(arg)), ALL_SEGMENTS);
for (JPEGSegment segment : segments) {
System.err.println("segment: " + segment);
if ("Exif".equals(segment.identifier())) {
ImageInputStream stream = new ByteArrayImageInputStream(segment.data, segment.offset() + 1, segment.length() - 1);
// Root entry is TIFF, that contains the EXIF sub-IFD
Directory tiff = new TIFFReader().read(stream);
System.err.println("EXIF: " + tiff);
}
else if (XMP.NS_XAP.equals(segment.identifier())) {
Directory xmp = new XMPReader().read(new ByteArrayImageInputStream(segment.data, segment.offset(), segment.length()));
System.err.println("XMP: " + xmp);
System.err.println(TIFFReader.HexDump.dump(segment.data));
}
else if ("Photoshop 3.0".equals(segment.identifier())) {
// TODO: The "Photoshop 3.0" segment contains several image resources, of which one might contain
// IPTC metadata. Probably duplicated in the XMP though...
// TODO: Merge multiple APP13 segments to single resource block
ImageInputStream stream = new ByteArrayImageInputStream(segment.data, segment.offset(), segment.length());
Directory psd = new PSDReader().read(stream);
Entry iccEntry = psd.getEntryById(PSD.RES_ICC_PROFILE);
if (iccEntry != null) {
ICC_ColorSpace colorSpace = new ICC_ColorSpace(ICC_Profile.getInstance((byte[]) iccEntry.getValue()));
System.err.println("colorSpace: " + colorSpace);
}
System.err.println("PSD: " + psd);
System.err.println(TIFFReader.HexDump.dump(segment.data));
}
else if ("ICC_PROFILE".equals(segment.identifier())) {
// TODO: Merge multiple APP2 segments to single ICC Profile
// Skip
}
else {
System.err.println(TIFFReader.HexDump.dump(segment.data));
}
}
if (args.length > 1) {
System.out.println("------");
System.out.println();
}
}
}
}
