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/*
* (C) Copyright IBM Corp. 2019, 2021
*
* SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
*/
package com.ibm.fhir.audit.cadf;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.StringWriter;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.UUID;
import jakarta.json.Json;
import jakarta.json.JsonArray;
import jakarta.json.JsonObject;
import jakarta.json.JsonReader;
import jakarta.json.JsonReaderFactory;
import jakarta.json.JsonValue;
import jakarta.json.stream.JsonGenerator;
import jakarta.json.stream.JsonGeneratorFactory;
import com.ibm.fhir.audit.cadf.enums.Action;
import com.ibm.fhir.audit.cadf.enums.EventType;
import com.ibm.fhir.audit.cadf.enums.Outcome;
import com.ibm.fhir.exception.FHIRException;
/**
* This class represent a CADF audit event as described by the DMTF standard:
* Cloud Auditing Data Federation (CADF) - Data Format and Interface Definitions
* Specification.
* A CADF event generally represents a "subject-verb-object" tuple to indicate
* what action a particular subject performed over what object.
* The class is intended to be serialized using JSON Binding (Jsonb). It is
* implemented using the Builder pattern.
*/
public class CadfEvent {
// required properties
private String id;
private EventType eventType;
private String eventTime;
private Action action;
private Outcome outcome;
// optional properties
private String typeURI;
private CadfReason reason;
private String initiatorId;
private CadfResource initiator;
private String targetId;
private CadfResource target;
private String observerId;
private CadfResource observer;
// JSONB doesn't know how to serialize arrays
private ArrayList measurements;
private String name;
private String severity;
private String duration;
private ArrayList tags;
private ArrayList attachments;
private ArrayList reporterchain;
private CadfEvent(Builder builder) {
this.id = builder.id;
this.eventType = builder.eventType;
this.eventTime = builder.eventTime;
this.action = builder.action;
this.outcome = builder.outcome;
this.typeURI = builder.typeURI;
this.reason = builder.reason;
this.initiatorId = builder.initiatorId;
this.initiator = builder.initiator;
this.targetId = builder.targetId;
this.target = builder.target;
this.observerId = builder.observerId;
this.observer = builder.observer;
this.measurements = builder.measurements;
this.setName(builder.name);
this.setSeverity(builder.severity);
this.setDuration(builder.duration);
this.setTags(builder.tags);
this.setAttachments(builder.attachments);
this.setReporterchain(builder.reporterchain);
}
/**
* Return the event ID
*
* @return String value of the event ID
*/
public String getId() {
return id;
}
/**
* Format time intervals (durations) according to the XML Schema v2
* specifications. https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/#duration
*
* @param duration in milliseconds
* @return String representation of the duration according to the XML Schema 2
* specification.
*/
public static String formatDuration(long duration) {
long daysDiff = Double.valueOf(Math.floor(duration / 86400000.)).longValue();
long hoursDiff = Double.valueOf(Math.floor((duration % 86400000) / 3600000.)).longValue();
long minutesDiff = Double.valueOf(Math.floor(((duration % 86400000) % 3600000) / 60000.)).longValue();
double secondsDiff = (((duration % 86400000) % 3600000) % 60000) / 1000.; // fractional
return String.format("P%dDT%dH%dM%06.3fS", daysDiff, hoursDiff, minutesDiff, secondsDiff);
}
/**
* Validate contents of the CADF event so far.
* The logic is determined by the CADF specification.
*
* @throws IllegalStateException when the event does not meet the specification.
*/
private void validate() throws IllegalStateException {
// any event type must have these components:
if (this.id == null || this.eventType == null || this.eventTime == null || this.action == null
|| this.outcome == null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("mandatory properties are missing");
}
if ((this.initiator == null && this.initiatorId == null) || (this.target == null && this.targetId == null)
|| (this.observer == null && this.observerId == null)) {
throw new IllegalStateException("at least one of the required resource references is missing");
}
if (this.typeURI == null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("typeURI is required for JSON serialization");
}
// monitor events require measurements
if (this.eventType == EventType.monitor && measurements == null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("mandatory measurement component is missing missing for event type");
}
// Reason is required for control events
if (this.eventType == EventType.control && this.reason == null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("reason is required for control events");
}
if (this.reason != null) {
this.reason.validate();
}
// if we are here, everything seems to be ok
}
public String getTypeURI() {
return typeURI;
}
public void setTypeURI(String typeURI) {
this.typeURI = typeURI;
}
public CadfReason getReason() {
return reason;
}
public void setReason(CadfReason reason) {
this.reason = reason;
}
public String getInitiatorId() {
return initiatorId;
}
public void setInitiatorId(String initiatorId) {
this.initiatorId = initiatorId;
}
public String getTargetId() {
return targetId;
}
public void setTargetId(String targetId) {
this.targetId = targetId;
}
public String getObserverId() {
return observerId;
}
public void setObserverId(String observerId) {
this.observerId = observerId;
}
public ArrayList getMeasurements() {
return measurements;
}
public void setMeasurements(ArrayList measurements) {
this.measurements = measurements;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
/**
* @return the name
*/
public String getName() {
return name;
}
/**
* @param name the name to set
*/
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
/**
* @return the severity
*/
public String getSeverity() {
return severity;
}
/**
* @param severity the severity to set
*/
public void setSeverity(String severity) {
this.severity = severity;
}
/**
* @return the duration
*/
public String getDuration() {
return duration;
}
/**
* @param duration the duration to set
*/
public void setDuration(String duration) {
this.duration = duration;
}
/**
* @return the tags
*/
public ArrayList getTags() {
return tags;
}
/**
* @param tags the tags to set
*/
public void setTags(ArrayList tags) {
this.tags = tags;
}
/**
* @return the attachments
*/
public ArrayList getAttachments() {
return attachments;
}
/**
* @param attachments the attachments to set
*/
public void setAttachments(ArrayList attachments) {
this.attachments = attachments;
}
/**
* @return the reporterchain
*/
public ArrayList getReporterchain() {
return reporterchain;
}
/**
* @param reporterchain the reporterchain to set
*/
public void setReporterchain(ArrayList reporterchain) {
this.reporterchain = reporterchain;
}
public CadfResource getInitiator() {
return initiator;
}
public void setInitiator(CadfResource initiator) {
this.initiator = initiator;
}
public CadfResource getTarget() {
return target;
}
public void setTarget(CadfResource target) {
this.target = target;
}
public CadfResource getObserver() {
return observer;
}
public void setObserver(CadfResource observer) {
this.observer = observer;
}
public EventType getEventType() {
return eventType;
}
public void setEventType(EventType eventType) {
this.eventType = eventType;
}
public String getEventTime() {
return eventTime;
}
public void setEventTime(String eventTime) {
this.eventTime = eventTime;
}
public Action getAction() {
return action;
}
public void setAction(Action action) {
this.action = action;
}
public Outcome getOutcome() {
return outcome;
}
public void setOutcome(Outcome outcome) {
this.outcome = outcome;
}
/**
* Builder of the CadfEvent objects
*/
public static class Builder {
// required properties
private String id;
private EventType eventType;
private String eventTime;
private Action action;
private Outcome outcome;
// optional properties
private String typeURI = "http://schemas.dmtf.org/cloud/audit/1.0/event";
private CadfReason reason;
private String initiatorId;
private CadfResource initiator;
private String targetId;
private CadfResource target;
private String observerId;
private CadfResource observer;
private ArrayList measurements;
private String name;
private String severity;
private String duration;
private ArrayList tags;
private ArrayList attachments;
private ArrayList reporterchain;
public Builder() {
// No Operation
}
/**
* CadfEvent builder constructor. Supply initial values for the event
* definition.
*
* @param id -- String. Globally unique identifier for the event. If null
* value is provided, the identifier is generated
* automatically.
* @param eventType -- CadfEvent.EventType. See {@link EventType} for guidance.
* @param eventTime -- Date. Timestamp of the event occurrence. If null value is
* provided, this property is set to the current timestamp.
* @param action -- CadfEvent.Action. Indicates the action that created this
* event.
* @param outcome -- CadfEvent.Outcome. Indicate the action's outcome.
*/
public Builder(String id, EventType eventType, String eventTime, Action action,
Outcome outcome) {
if (id != null) {
this.id = id;
} else {
this.id = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
}
this.eventType = eventType;
if (eventTime != null) {
this.eventTime = eventTime;
} else {
this.eventTime = new Date().toString();
}
this.action = action;
this.outcome = outcome;
}
public Builder id(String id) {
this.id = id;
return this;
}
public Builder eventType(EventType eventType) {
this.eventType = eventType;
return this;
}
public Builder eventTime(String eventTime) {
this.eventTime = eventTime;
return this;
}
public Builder action(Action action) {
this.action = action;
return this;
}
public Builder outcome(Outcome outcome) {
this.outcome = outcome;
return this;
}
/**
* Set the typeURI property of the CADF event entity. Defaults to
* "http://schemas.dmtf.org/cloud/audit/1.0/event" Although it is formally *
* optional, it is required in the JSON representation of the event.
* Subsequently, if it is not set, {@link #build()} will throw an
* {@link IllegalStateException}
*
* @param typeUri
* @return Builder
*/
public Builder typeUri(String typeUri) {
this.typeURI = typeUri;
return this;
}
/**
* A convenience method to set the event reason. Instantiates a new
* {@link CadfReason} object using the supplied values. Reason is a required
* property if the event type is "control", otherwise it is optional.
*
* @param reasonType
* @param reasonCode
* @param policyType
* @param policyId
* @return Builder
* @see CadfReason
*/
public Builder reason(String reasonType, String reasonCode, String policyType, String policyId) {
this.reason = new CadfReason(reasonCode, reasonType, policyId, policyType);
return this;
}
/**
* Sets the event reason. This property contains domain-specific reason code and
* policy data that provides an additional level of detail to the outcome value.
* Reason is a required property if the event type is "control", otherwise it is
* optional.
*
* @param reason
* @return Builder
* @see CadfReason
*/
public Builder reason(CadfReason reason) {
this.reason = reason;
return this;
}
/**
* Sets a descriptive name for the event. Optional.
*
* @param name -- event descriptive name.
* @return Builder
*/
public Builder name(String name) {
this.name = name;
return this;
}
/**
* This optional property describes domain-relative severity assigned to the
* event by OBSERVER.
*
* @param severity -- Severity descriptor.
* @return Builder
*/
public Builder severity(String severity) {
this.severity = severity;
return this;
}
/**
* This optional property describes the duration of activity for long-running
* activities. It is typically used in the second of a pair of events marking
* the start and end of such activity. Value as defined by xs:duration per
* XMLSchema2
*
* @param duration -- String in the format [-]PnYnMnD[TnHnMnS]
* @return Builder
*/
public Builder duration(String duration) {
this.duration = duration;
return this;
}
/**
* An optional array of Tags that MAY be used to further qualify or categorize
* the CADF Event Record. Each tag is represented by a URI consisting of an
* optional namespace, a required tag name, and an optional value, e.g.
* //GRC20.gov/cloud/security/pci-dss?value=enabled In this example
* "//GRC20.gov/cloud/security/" is the namespace, "pci-dss" is the tag name and
* "enabled" is the value.
*
* @param tags -- Array of strings, each in the format
* [//namespace/]tag-name[?value=tag-value]
* @return Builder
*/
public Builder tags(String[] tags) {
this.tags = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(tags));
return this;
}
/**
* A convenience method allowing to add one tag at a time as opposed to an
* array.
*
* @see #tags(String[])
* @param tag -- A String in the format
* [//namespace/]tag-name[?value=tag-value]
* @return Builder
*/
public Builder tag(String tag) {
if (this.tags == null) {
tags = new ArrayList<>();
}
this.tags.add(tag);
return this;
}
/**
* Property that represents the event INITIATOR. It is required when initiatorId
* is not supplied.
*/
public Builder initiator(CadfResource initiator) {
this.initiator = initiator;
return this;
}
/**
* Property that identifies the event INITIATOR. This property can be used
* instead of the "initiator" property if the CADF Event data is contained
* within the same CADF Log or Report that also contains a valid CADF Resource
* definition for the resource being referenced as the INITIATOR.
*/
public Builder initiatorId(String initiatorId) {
this.initiatorId = initiatorId;
return this;
}
/**
* Property that represents the event TARGET. It is required when targetId is
* not supplied.
*/
public Builder target(CadfResource target) {
this.target = target;
return this;
}
/**
* Property that identifies the event TARGET. This property can be used instead
* of the "target" property if the CADF Event data is contained within the same
* CADF Log or Report that also contains a valid CADF Resource definition for
* the resource being referenced as the TARGET.
*/
public Builder targetId(String targetId) {
this.targetId = targetId;
return this;
}
/**
* Property that represents the event OBSERVER. It is required when observerId
* is not supplied.
*/
public Builder observer(CadfResource observer) {
this.observer = observer;
return this;
}
/**
* Property that identifies the event OBSERVER. This property can be used
* instead of the "observer" property if the CADF Event data is contained within
* the same CADF Log or Report that also contains a valid CADF Resource
* definition for the resource being referenced as the OBSERVER.
*/
public Builder observerId(String observerId) {
this.observerId = observerId;
return this;
}
/**
* Property representing measurements associated with the event. Reguired if the
* event type is "monitor".
*/
public Builder measurements(CadfMeasurement[] measurements) {
this.measurements = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(measurements));
return this;
}
/**
* A convenience method to add one measurement at a time.
*
* @see #measurements(CadfMeasurement[])
*/
public Builder measurement(CadfMeasurement measurement) {
if (this.measurements == null) {
measurements = new ArrayList<>();
}
this.measurements.add(measurement);
return this;
}
/**
* An optional array of extended or domain-specific information about the event
* or its context.
*/
public Builder attachments(CadfAttachment[] attachments) {
this.attachments = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(attachments));
return this;
}
/**
* A convenience method to add one attachment at a time.
*
* @see #attachments(CadfAttachment[])
*/
public Builder attachment(CadfAttachment attachment) {
if (this.attachments == null) {
attachments = new ArrayList<>();
}
this.attachments.add(attachment);
return this;
}
/**
* An array of Reporterstep typed data that contains information about the
* sequenced handling of or change to the associated CADF Event Record by any
* REPORTER. Does not include the OBSERVER.
*/
public Builder reporterChain(CadfReporterStep[] chain) {
this.reporterchain = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(chain));
return this;
}
/**
* @return {@link CadfEvent}
* @throws IllegalStateException when the combination of event properties is not
* valid.
*/
public CadfEvent build() throws IllegalStateException {
CadfEvent evt = new CadfEvent(this);
evt.validate();
return evt;
}
}
public static Builder builder() {
return new Builder();
}
/**
* Generates JSON from this object.
*/
public static class Writer {
private static final Map properties =
Collections.singletonMap(JsonGenerator.PRETTY_PRINTING, true);
private static final JsonGeneratorFactory PRETTY_PRINTING_GENERATOR_FACTORY =
Json.createGeneratorFactory(properties);
private Writer() {
// No Operation
}
/**
* @param obj
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
public static String generate(CadfEvent obj)
throws IOException {
String o = "{}";
try (StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();) {
try (JsonGenerator generator =
PRETTY_PRINTING_GENERATOR_FACTORY.createGenerator(writer);) {
generate(obj, generator);
}
o = writer.toString();
}
return o;
}
public static void generate(CadfEvent obj, JsonGenerator generator)
throws IOException {
generator.writeStartObject();
if (obj.getAction() != null) {
generator.write("action", obj.getAction().toString());
}
if (obj.getDuration() != null) {
generator.write("duration", obj.getDuration());
}
if (obj.getEventTime() != null) {
generator.write("eventTime", obj.getEventTime());
}
if (obj.getEventType() != null) {
generator.write("eventType", obj.getEventType().name());
}
if (obj.getId() != null) {
generator.write("id", obj.getId());
}
if (obj.getInitiatorId() != null) {
generator.write("initiatorId", obj.getInitiatorId());
}
if (obj.getName() != null) {
generator.write("name", obj.getName());
}
if (obj.getObserverId() != null) {
generator.write("observerId", obj.getObserverId());
}
if (obj.getOutcome() != null) {
generator.write("outcome", obj.getOutcome().name());
}
if (obj.getSeverity() != null) {
generator.write("severity", obj.getSeverity());
}
if (obj.getTarget() != null) {
generator.writeStartObject("target");
CadfResource.Writer.generate(obj.getTarget(), generator);
generator.writeEnd();
}
if (obj.getTargetId() != null) {
generator.write("targetId", obj.getTargetId());
}
if (obj.getTypeURI() != null) {
generator.write("typeURI", obj.getTypeURI());
}
if (obj.getTags() != null) {
generator.writeStartArray("tags");
for (String tag : obj.getTags()) {
if (tag != null) {
generator.write(tag);
}
}
generator.writeEnd();
}
if (obj.getAttachments() != null) {
generator.writeStartArray("attachments");
for (CadfAttachment attachment : obj.getAttachments()) {
if (attachment != null) {
CadfAttachment.Writer.generate(attachment, generator);
}
}
generator.writeEnd();
}
if (obj.getMeasurements() != null) {
generator.writeStartArray("measurements");
for (CadfMeasurement measurement : obj.getMeasurements()) {
if (measurement != null) {
CadfMeasurement.Writer.generate(measurement, generator);
}
}
generator.writeEnd();
}
if (obj.getReporterchain() != null) {
generator.writeStartArray("reporterchain");
for (CadfReporterStep reportStep : obj.getReporterchain()) {
if (reportStep != null) {
CadfReporterStep.Writer.generate(reportStep, generator);
}
}
generator.writeEnd();
}
if (obj.getInitiator() != null) {
generator.writeStartObject("initiator");
if (obj.getInitiator() !=null) {
CadfResource.Writer.generate(obj.getInitiator(), generator);
}
generator.writeEnd();
}
if (obj.getObserver() != null) {
generator.writeStartObject("observer");
if (obj.getObserver() != null) {
CadfResource.Writer.generate(obj.getObserver(), generator);
}
generator.writeEnd();
}
if (obj.getReason() != null) {
generator.writeStartObject("reason");
if (obj.getReason() != null) {
CadfReason.Writer.generate(obj.getReason(), generator);
}
generator.writeEnd();
}
generator.writeEnd();
}
}
public static class Parser {
private static final JsonReaderFactory JSON_READER_FACTORY = Json.createReaderFactory(null);
private Parser() {
// No Impl
}
public static CadfEvent parse(InputStream in)
throws FHIRException {
try (JsonReader jsonReader =
JSON_READER_FACTORY.createReader(in, StandardCharsets.UTF_8)) {
JsonObject jsonObject = jsonReader.readObject();
return parse(jsonObject);
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new FHIRException("Problem parsing the CadfEvent", e);
}
}
public static CadfEvent parse(JsonObject jsonObject)
throws FHIRException, ClassNotFoundException, IOException {
CadfEvent.Builder builder =
CadfEvent.builder();
if (jsonObject.get("action") != null) {
String action = jsonObject.getString("action");
builder.action(Action.valueOf(action));
}
if (jsonObject.get("duration") != null) {
String duration = jsonObject.getString("duration");
builder.duration(duration);
}
if (jsonObject.get("eventTime") != null) {
String eventTime = jsonObject.getString("eventTime");
builder.eventTime(eventTime);
}
if (jsonObject.get("eventType") != null) {
String eventType = jsonObject.getString("eventType");
builder.eventType(EventType.valueOf(eventType));
}
if (jsonObject.get("id") != null) {
String id = jsonObject.getString("id");
builder.id(id);
}
if (jsonObject.get("initiatorId") != null) {
String initiatorId = jsonObject.getString("initiatorId");
builder.initiatorId(initiatorId);
}
if (jsonObject.get("name") != null) {
String name = jsonObject.getString("name");
builder.name(name);
}
if (jsonObject.get("observerId") != null) {
String observerId = jsonObject.getString("observerId");
builder.observerId(observerId);
}
if (jsonObject.get("outcome") != null) {
String outcome = jsonObject.getString("outcome");
builder.outcome(Outcome.valueOf(outcome));
}
if (jsonObject.get("severity") != null) {
String severity = jsonObject.getString("severity");
builder.severity(severity);
}
if (jsonObject.get("targetId") != null) {
String targetId = jsonObject.getString("targetId");
builder.targetId(targetId);
}
if (jsonObject.get("typeURI") != null) {
String typeURI = jsonObject.getString("typeURI");
builder.typeUri(typeURI);
}
if (jsonObject.get("tags") != null) {
JsonArray arr = jsonObject.getJsonArray("tags");
Iterator iter = arr.iterator();
while(iter.hasNext()) {
builder.tag(iter.next().toString());
}
}
if (jsonObject.get("attachments") != null) {
JsonArray arr = jsonObject.getJsonArray("attachments");
Iterator iter = arr.iterator();
while(iter.hasNext()) {
builder.attachment(
CadfAttachment.Parser.parse(iter.next().asJsonObject()));
}
}
if (jsonObject.get("measurements") != null) {
JsonArray arr = jsonObject.getJsonArray("measurements");
Iterator iter = arr.iterator();
while(iter.hasNext()) {
builder.measurement(
CadfMeasurement.Parser.parse(iter.next().asJsonObject()));
}
}
if (jsonObject.get("reporterchain") != null) {
JsonArray arr = jsonObject.getJsonArray("reporterchain");
Iterator iter = arr.iterator();
CadfReporterStep[] chain = new CadfReporterStep[arr.size()];
int i = 0;
while(iter.hasNext()) {
chain[i++] = CadfReporterStep.Parser.parse(iter.next().asJsonObject());
}
builder.reporterChain(chain);
}
if (jsonObject.get("initiator") != null) {
JsonObject tmp = jsonObject.getJsonObject("initiator");
builder.initiator(CadfResource.Parser.parse(tmp));
}
if (jsonObject.get("observer") != null) {
JsonObject tmp = jsonObject.getJsonObject("observer");
builder.observer(CadfResource.Parser.parse(tmp));
}
if (jsonObject.get("reason") != null) {
JsonObject tmp = jsonObject.getJsonObject("reason");
builder.reason(CadfReason.Parser.parse(tmp));
}
return builder.build();
}
}
}
