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// © 2016 and later: Unicode, Inc. and others.
// License & terms of use: http://www.unicode.org/copyright.html
/*
*******************************************************************************
* Copyright (C) 2011-2016, International Business Machines Corporation
* All Rights Reserved.
*******************************************************************************
*/
package com.ibm.icu.util;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.TreeSet;
import com.ibm.icu.impl.ICUData;
import com.ibm.icu.impl.ICUResourceBundle;
/**
* Region is the class representing a Unicode Region Code, also known as a
* Unicode Region Subtag, which is defined based upon the BCP 47 standard. We often think of
* "regions" as "countries" when defining the characteristics of a locale. Region codes There are different
* types of region codes that are important to distinguish.
*
* Macroregion - A code for a "macro geographical (continental) region, geographical sub-region, or
* selected economic and other grouping" as defined in
* UN M.49 (http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49regin.htm).
* These are typically 3-digit codes, but contain some 2-letter codes, such as the LDML code QO
* added for Outlying Oceania. Not all UNM.49 codes are defined in LDML, but most of them are.
* Macroregions are represented in ICU by one of three region types: WORLD ( region code 001 ),
* CONTINENTS ( regions contained directly by WORLD ), and SUBCONTINENTS ( things contained directly
* by a continent ).
*
* TERRITORY - A Region that is not a Macroregion. These are typically codes for countries, but also
* include areas that are not separate countries, such as the code "AQ" for Antarctica or the code
* "HK" for Hong Kong (SAR China). Overseas dependencies of countries may or may not have separate
* codes. The codes are typically 2-letter codes aligned with the ISO 3166 standard, but BCP47 allows
* for the use of 3-digit codes in the future.
*
* UNKNOWN - The code ZZ is defined by Unicode LDML for use to indicate that the Region is unknown,
* or that the value supplied as a region was invalid.
*
* DEPRECATED - Region codes that have been defined in the past but are no longer in modern usage,
* usually due to a country splitting into multiple territories or changing its name.
*
* GROUPING - A widely understood grouping of territories that has a well defined membership such
* that a region code has been assigned for it. Some of these are UNM.49 codes that do't fall into
* the world/continent/sub-continent hierarchy, while others are just well known groupings that have
* their own region code. Region "EU" (European Union) is one such region code that is a grouping.
* Groupings will never be returned by the getContainingRegion() API, since a different type of region
* ( WORLD, CONTINENT, or SUBCONTINENT ) will always be the containing region instead.
*
* @author John Emmons
* @stable ICU 50
*/
public class Region implements Comparable {
/**
* RegionType is an enumeration defining the different types of regions. Current possible
* values are WORLD, CONTINENT, SUBCONTINENT, TERRITORY, GROUPING, DEPRECATED, and UNKNOWN.
*
* @stable ICU 50
*/
public enum RegionType {
/**
* Type representing the unknown region.
* @stable ICU 50
*/
UNKNOWN,
/**
* Type representing a territory.
* @stable ICU 50
*/
TERRITORY,
/**
* Type representing the whole world.
* @stable ICU 50
*/
WORLD,
/**
* Type representing a continent.
* @stable ICU 50
*/
CONTINENT,
/**
* Type representing a sub-continent.
* @stable ICU 50
*/
SUBCONTINENT,
/**
* Type representing a grouping of territories that is not to be used in
* the normal WORLD/CONTINENT/SUBCONTINENT/TERRITORY containment tree.
* @stable ICU 50
*/
GROUPING,
/**
* Type representing a region whose code has been deprecated, usually
* due to a country splitting into multiple territories or changing its name.
* @stable ICU 50
*/
DEPRECATED,
}
private String id;
private int code;
private RegionType type;
private Region containingRegion = null;
private Set containedRegions = new TreeSet();
private List preferredValues = null;
private static boolean regionDataIsLoaded = false;
private static Map regionIDMap = null; // Map from ID the regions
private static Map numericCodeMap = null; // Map from numeric code to the regions
private static Map regionAliases = null; // Aliases
private static ArrayList regions = null; // This is the main data structure where the Regions are stored.
private static ArrayList> availableRegions = null;
private static final String UNKNOWN_REGION_ID = "ZZ";
private static final String OUTLYING_OCEANIA_REGION_ID = "QO";
private static final String WORLD_ID = "001";
/*
* Private default constructor. Use factory methods only.
*/
private Region () {}
/*
* Initializes the region data from the ICU resource bundles. The region data
* contains the basic relationships such as which regions are known, what the numeric
* codes are, any known aliases, and the territory containment data.
*
* If the region data has already loaded, then this method simply returns without doing
* anything meaningful.
*
*/
private static synchronized void loadRegionData() {
if ( regionDataIsLoaded ) {
return;
}
regionAliases = new HashMap();
regionIDMap = new HashMap();
numericCodeMap = new HashMap();
availableRegions = new ArrayList>(RegionType.values().length);
UResourceBundle metadataAlias = null;
UResourceBundle territoryAlias = null;
UResourceBundle codeMappings = null;
UResourceBundle idValidity = null;
UResourceBundle regionList = null;
UResourceBundle regionRegular = null;
UResourceBundle regionMacro = null;
UResourceBundle regionUnknown = null;
UResourceBundle worldContainment = null;
UResourceBundle territoryContainment = null;
UResourceBundle groupingContainment = null;
UResourceBundle metadata = UResourceBundle.getBundleInstance(ICUData.ICU_BASE_NAME,"metadata",ICUResourceBundle.ICU_DATA_CLASS_LOADER);
metadataAlias = metadata.get("alias");
territoryAlias = metadataAlias.get("territory");
UResourceBundle supplementalData = UResourceBundle.getBundleInstance(ICUData.ICU_BASE_NAME,"supplementalData", ICUResourceBundle.ICU_DATA_CLASS_LOADER);
codeMappings = supplementalData.get("codeMappings");
idValidity = supplementalData.get("idValidity");
regionList = idValidity.get("region");
regionRegular = regionList.get("regular");
regionMacro = regionList.get("macroregion");
regionUnknown = regionList.get("unknown");
territoryContainment = supplementalData.get("territoryContainment");
worldContainment = territoryContainment.get("001");
groupingContainment = territoryContainment.get("grouping");
String[] continentsArr = worldContainment.getStringArray();
List continents = Arrays.asList(continentsArr);
Enumeration groupings = groupingContainment.getKeys();
List regionCodes = new ArrayList();
List allRegions = new ArrayList();
allRegions.addAll(Arrays.asList(regionRegular.getStringArray()));
allRegions.addAll(Arrays.asList(regionMacro.getStringArray()));
allRegions.add(regionUnknown.getString());
for ( String r : allRegions ) {
int rangeMarkerLocation = r.indexOf("~");
if ( rangeMarkerLocation > 0 ) {
StringBuilder regionName = new StringBuilder(r);
char endRange = regionName.charAt(rangeMarkerLocation+1);
regionName.setLength(rangeMarkerLocation);
char lastChar = regionName.charAt(rangeMarkerLocation-1);
while ( lastChar <= endRange ) {
String newRegion = regionName.toString();
regionCodes.add(newRegion);
lastChar++;
regionName.setCharAt(rangeMarkerLocation-1,lastChar);
}
} else {
regionCodes.add(r);
}
}
regions = new ArrayList(regionCodes.size());
// First process the region codes and create the primary array of regions.
for ( String id : regionCodes) {
Region r = new Region();
r.id = id;
r.type = RegionType.TERRITORY; // Only temporary - figure out the real type later once the aliases are known.
regionIDMap.put(id, r);
if ( id.matches("[0-9]{3}")) {
r.code = Integer.valueOf(id).intValue();
numericCodeMap.put(r.code, r);
r.type = RegionType.SUBCONTINENT;
} else {
r.code = -1;
}
regions.add(r);
}
// Process the territory aliases
for ( int i = 0 ; i < territoryAlias.getSize(); i++ ) {
UResourceBundle res = territoryAlias.get(i);
String aliasFrom = res.getKey();
String aliasTo = res.get("replacement").getString();
if ( regionIDMap.containsKey(aliasTo) && !regionIDMap.containsKey(aliasFrom) ) { // This is just an alias from some string to a region
regionAliases.put(aliasFrom, regionIDMap.get(aliasTo));
} else {
Region r;
if ( regionIDMap.containsKey(aliasFrom) ) { // This is a deprecated region
r = regionIDMap.get(aliasFrom);
} else { // Deprecated region code not in the primary codes list - so need to create a deprecated region for it.
r = new Region();
r.id = aliasFrom;
regionIDMap.put(aliasFrom, r);
if ( aliasFrom.matches("[0-9]{3}")) {
r.code = Integer.valueOf(aliasFrom).intValue();
numericCodeMap.put(r.code, r);
} else {
r.code = -1;
}
regions.add(r);
}
r.type = RegionType.DEPRECATED;
List aliasToRegionStrings = Arrays.asList(aliasTo.split(" "));
r.preferredValues = new ArrayList();
for ( String s : aliasToRegionStrings ) {
if (regionIDMap.containsKey(s)) {
r.preferredValues.add(regionIDMap.get(s));
}
}
}
}
// Process the code mappings - This will allow us to assign numeric codes to most of the territories.
for ( int i = 0 ; i < codeMappings.getSize(); i++ ) {
UResourceBundle mapping = codeMappings.get(i);
if ( mapping.getType() == UResourceBundle.ARRAY ) {
String [] codeMappingStrings = mapping.getStringArray();
String codeMappingID = codeMappingStrings[0];
Integer codeMappingNumber = Integer.valueOf(codeMappingStrings[1]);
String codeMapping3Letter = codeMappingStrings[2];
if ( regionIDMap.containsKey(codeMappingID)) {
Region r = regionIDMap.get(codeMappingID);
r.code = codeMappingNumber.intValue();
numericCodeMap.put(r.code, r);
regionAliases.put(codeMapping3Letter, r);
}
}
}
// Now fill in the special cases for WORLD, UNKNOWN, CONTINENTS, and GROUPINGS
Region r;
if ( regionIDMap.containsKey(WORLD_ID)) {
r = regionIDMap.get(WORLD_ID);
r.type = RegionType.WORLD;
}
if ( regionIDMap.containsKey(UNKNOWN_REGION_ID)) {
r = regionIDMap.get(UNKNOWN_REGION_ID);
r.type = RegionType.UNKNOWN;
}
for ( String continent : continents ) {
if (regionIDMap.containsKey(continent)) {
r = regionIDMap.get(continent);
r.type = RegionType.CONTINENT;
}
}
while ( groupings.hasMoreElements() ) {
String grouping = groupings.nextElement();
if (regionIDMap.containsKey(grouping)) {
r = regionIDMap.get(grouping);
r.type = RegionType.GROUPING;
}
}
// Special case: The region code "QO" (Outlying Oceania) is a subcontinent code added by CLDR
// even though it looks like a territory code. Need to handle it here.
if ( regionIDMap.containsKey(OUTLYING_OCEANIA_REGION_ID)) {
r = regionIDMap.get(OUTLYING_OCEANIA_REGION_ID);
r.type = RegionType.SUBCONTINENT;
}
// Load territory containment info from the supplemental data.
for ( int i = 0 ; i < territoryContainment.getSize(); i++ ) {
UResourceBundle mapping = territoryContainment.get(i);
String parent = mapping.getKey();
if (parent.equals("containedGroupings") || parent.equals("deprecated") || parent.equals("grouping")) {
continue; // handle new pseudo-parent types added in ICU data per cldrbug 7808; for now just skip.
// #11232 is to do something useful with these.
// Also skip "grouping" which has multi-level structure below from CLDR 34.
}
Region parentRegion = regionIDMap.get(parent);
for ( int j = 0 ; j < mapping.getSize(); j++ ) {
String child = mapping.getString(j);
Region childRegion = regionIDMap.get(child);
if ( parentRegion != null && childRegion != null ) {
// Add the child region to the set of regions contained by the parent
parentRegion.containedRegions.add(childRegion);
// Set the parent region to be the containing region of the child.
// Regions of type GROUPING can't be set as the parent, since another region
// such as a SUBCONTINENT, CONTINENT, or WORLD must always be the parent.
if ( parentRegion.getType() != RegionType.GROUPING) {
childRegion.containingRegion = parentRegion;
}
}
}
}
// Fill in the grouping containment resource as well
for ( int i = 0 ; i < groupingContainment.getSize(); i++ ) {
UResourceBundle mapping = groupingContainment.get(i);
String parent = mapping.getKey();
Region parentRegion = regionIDMap.get(parent);
for ( int j = 0 ; j < mapping.getSize(); j++ ) {
String child = mapping.getString(j);
Region childRegion = regionIDMap.get(child);
if ( parentRegion != null && childRegion != null ) {
// Add the child region to the set of regions contained by the parent
parentRegion.containedRegions.add(childRegion);
// Do NOT change the parent of the child region, since groupings are
// never the primary parent of a region.
}
}
}
// Create the availableRegions lists
for (int i = 0 ; i < RegionType.values().length ; i++) {
availableRegions.add(new TreeSet());
}
for ( Region ar : regions ) {
Set currentSet = availableRegions.get(ar.type.ordinal());
currentSet.add(ar);
availableRegions.set(ar.type.ordinal(),currentSet);
}
regionDataIsLoaded = true;
}
/** Returns a Region using the given region ID. The region ID can be either a 2-letter ISO code,
* 3-letter ISO code, UNM.49 numeric code, or other valid Unicode Region Code as defined by the CLDR.
* @param id The id of the region to be retrieved.
* @return The corresponding region.
* @throws NullPointerException if the supplied id is null.
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the supplied ID cannot be canonicalized to a Region ID that is known by ICU.
* @stable ICU 50
*/
public static Region getInstance(String id) {
if ( id == null ) {
throw new NullPointerException();
}
loadRegionData();
Region r = regionIDMap.get(id);
if ( r == null ) {
r = regionAliases.get(id);
}
if ( r == null ) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown region id: " + id);
}
if ( r.type == RegionType.DEPRECATED && r.preferredValues.size() == 1) {
r = r.preferredValues.get(0);
}
return r;
}
/** Returns a Region using the given numeric code as defined by UNM.49
* @param code The numeric code of the region to be retrieved.
* @return The corresponding region.
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the supplied numeric code is not recognized.
* @stable ICU 50
*/
public static Region getInstance(int code) {
loadRegionData();
Region r = numericCodeMap.get(code);
if ( r == null ) { // Just in case there's an alias that's numeric, try to find it.
String pad = "";
if ( code < 10 ) {
pad = "00";
} else if ( code < 100 ) {
pad = "0";
}
String id = pad + Integer.toString(code);
r = regionAliases.get(id);
}
if ( r == null ) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown region code: " + code);
}
if ( r.type == RegionType.DEPRECATED && r.preferredValues.size() == 1) {
r = r.preferredValues.get(0);
}
return r;
}
/** Used to retrieve all available regions of a specific type.
*
* @param type The type of regions to be returned ( TERRITORY, MACROREGION, etc. )
* @return An unmodifiable set of all known regions that match the given type.
* @stable ICU 50
*/
public static Set getAvailable(RegionType type) {
loadRegionData();
return Collections.unmodifiableSet(availableRegions.get(type.ordinal()));
}
/** Used to determine the macroregion that geographically contains this region.
*
* @return The region that geographically contains this region. Returns NULL if this region is
* code "001" (World) or "ZZ" (Unknown region). For example, calling this method with region "IT" (Italy)
* returns the region "039" (Southern Europe).
* @stable ICU 50
*/
public Region getContainingRegion() {
loadRegionData();
return containingRegion;
}
/** Used to determine the macroregion that geographically contains this region and that matches the given type.
*
* @return The region that geographically contains this region and matches the given type. May return NULL if
* no containing region can be found that matches the given type. For example, calling this method with region "IT" (Italy)
* and type CONTINENT returns the region "150" (Europe).
* @stable ICU 50
*/
public Region getContainingRegion(RegionType type) {
loadRegionData();
if ( containingRegion == null ) {
return null;
}
if ( containingRegion.type.equals(type)) {
return containingRegion;
} else {
return containingRegion.getContainingRegion(type);
}
}
/** Used to determine the sub-regions that are contained within this region.
*
* @return An unmodifiable set containing all the regions that are immediate children
* of this region in the region hierarchy. These returned regions could be either macro
* regions, territories, or a mixture of the two, depending on the containment data as defined
* in CLDR. This API may return an empty set if this region doesn't have any sub-regions.
* For example, calling this method with region "150" (Europe) returns a set containing
* the various sub regions of Europe - "039" (Southern Europe) - "151" (Eastern Europe)
* - "154" (Northern Europe) and "155" (Western Europe).
*
* @stable ICU 50
*/
public Set getContainedRegions() {
loadRegionData();
return Collections.unmodifiableSet(containedRegions);
}
/** Used to determine all the regions that are contained within this region and that match the given type
*
* @return An unmodifiable set containing all the regions that are children of this region
* anywhere in the region hierarchy and match the given type. This API may return an empty set
* if this region doesn't have any sub-regions that match the given type.
* For example, calling this method with region "150" (Europe) and type "TERRITORY" returns a set
* containing all the territories in Europe ( "FR" (France) - "IT" (Italy) - "DE" (Germany) etc. )
* @stable ICU 50
*/
public Set getContainedRegions(RegionType type) {
loadRegionData();
Set result = new TreeSet();
Set cr = getContainedRegions();
for ( Region r : cr ) {
if ( r.getType() == type ) {
result.add(r);
} else {
result.addAll(r.getContainedRegions(type));
}
}
return Collections.unmodifiableSet(result);
}
/**
* @return For deprecated regions, return an unmodifiable list of the regions that are the preferred replacement regions for this region.
* Returns null for a non-deprecated region. For example, calling this method with region "SU" (Soviet Union) would
* return a list of the regions containing "RU" (Russia), "AM" (Armenia), "AZ" (Azerbaijan), etc...
*
* @stable ICU 50
*/
public List getPreferredValues() {
loadRegionData();
if ( type == RegionType.DEPRECATED) {
return Collections.unmodifiableList(preferredValues);
} else {
return null;
}
}
/**
* @return Returns true if this region contains the supplied other region anywhere in the region hierarchy.
*
* @stable ICU 50
*/
public boolean contains(Region other) {
loadRegionData();
if (containedRegions.contains(other)) {
return true;
} else {
for (Region cr : containedRegions) {
if (cr.contains(other)) {
return true;
}
}
}
return false;
}
/** Returns the string representation of this region
*
* @return The string representation of this region, which is its ID.
*
* @stable ICU 50
*/
public String toString() {
return id;
}
/**
* Returns the numeric code for this region
*
* @return The numeric code for this region. Returns a negative value if the given region does not have a numeric
* code assigned to it. This is a very rare case and only occurs for a few very small territories.
*
* @stable ICU 50
*/
public int getNumericCode() {
return code;
}
/** Returns this region's type.
*
* @return This region's type classification, such as MACROREGION or TERRITORY.
*
* @stable ICU 50
*/
public RegionType getType() {
return type;
}
/**
* {@inheritDoc}
* @stable ICU 50
*/
public int compareTo(Region other) {
return id.compareTo(other.id);
}
}