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/*
This file is part of the iText (R) project.
Copyright (c) 1998-2024 Apryse Group NV
Authors: Apryse Software.
This program is offered under a commercial and under the AGPL license.
For commercial licensing, contact us at https://itextpdf.com/sales. For AGPL licensing, see below.
AGPL licensing:
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
along with this program. If not, see .
*/
package com.itextpdf.commons.utils;
/**
* This class is used to generate placeholder text for the examples and tests.
* It is not used anywhere in the actual code.
* This provides a better way than using Lorem Ipsum text as it is more readable.
*/
public final class PlaceHolderTextUtil {
// source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF
private static final String TEMPLATE =
"Portable Document Format (PDF), standardized as ISO 32000, is a file format developed by Adobe in 1992 "
+ "to present documents, including text formatting and images, in a manner independent of "
+ "application software, hardware, and operating systems. Based on the PostScript language,"
+ " each PDF file encapsulates a complete description of a fixed-layout flat document, including "
+ "the text, fonts, vector graphics, raster images and other information needed to display it. "
+ "PDF has its roots in \"The Camelot Project\" initiated by Adobe co-founder John Warnock in "
+ "1991. "
+ "PDF was standardized as ISO 32000 in 2008. The last edition as ISO 32000-2:2020 was "
+ "published in December 2020. "
+ "PDF files may contain a variety of content besides flat text and graphics including logical "
+ "structuring elements, interactive elements such as annotations and form-fields, layers, rich "
+ "media (including video content), three-dimensional objects using U3D or PRC, and various other"
+ " data formats. The PDF specification also provides for encryption and digital signatures, file"
+ " attachments, and metadata to enable workflows requiring these features. "
+ "History " + "Main article: History of PDF "
+ "Adobe Systems made the PDF specification available free of charge in 1993. In the early years "
+ "PDF was popular mainly in desktop publishing workflows, and competed with a variety of formats"
+ " such as DjVu, Envoy, Common Ground Digital Paper, Farallon Replica and even Adobe's own "
+ "PostScript format. "
+ "PDF was a proprietary format controlled by Adobe until it was released as an open standard on "
+ "July 1, 2008, and published by the International Organization for Standardization as ISO "
+ "32000-1:2008, at which time control of the specification passed to an ISO Committee of "
+ "volunteer industry experts. In 2008, Adobe published a Public Patent License to ISO 32000-1 "
+ "granting royalty-free rights for all patents owned by Adobe that are necessary to make, use, "
+ "sell, and distribute PDF-compliant implementations. "
+ "PDF 1.7, the sixth edition of the PDF specification that became ISO 32000-1, includes some "
+ "proprietary technologies defined only by Adobe, such as Adobe XML Forms Architecture (XFA) and"
+ " JavaScript extension for Acrobat, which are referenced by ISO 32000-1 as normative and "
+ "indispensable for the full implementation of the ISO 32000-1 specification. These "
+ "proprietary technologies are not standardized and their specification is published only on "
+ "Adobe's website. Many of them are also not supported by popular third-party "
+ "implementations of PDF. "
+ "In December 2020, the second edition of PDF 2.0, ISO 32000-2:2020, was published, including "
+ "clarifications, corrections, and critical updates to normative references. ISO 32000-2 "
+ "does not include any proprietary technologies as normative references. "
+ "ISO's publication of ISO 32000-2 in 2017 ended the 24-year tradition of the latest PDF "
+ "specification being freely available from Adobe. Starting in April, 2023, to provide PDF "
+ "developers and stakeholders with their accustomed level of access, the PDF Association and its"
+ " sponsors made ISO 32000-2 available for download at no cost. "
+ "Technical details "
+ "A PDF file is often a combination of vector graphics, text, and bitmap graphics. The basic "
+ "types of content in a PDF are: "
+ "Typeset text stored as content streams (i.e., not encoded in plain text); "
+ "Vector graphics for illustrations and designs that consist of shapes and lines; "
+ "Raster graphics for photographs and other types of images "
+ "Multimedia objects in the document. "
+ "In later PDF revisions, a PDF document can also support links (inside document or web page), "
+ "forms, JavaScript (initially available as a plugin for Acrobat 3.0), or any other types of "
+ "embedded contents that can be handled using plug-ins. "
+ "PDF combines three technologies: "
+ "An equivalent subset of the PostScript page description programming language but in "
+ "declarative form, for generating the layout and graphics. "
+ "A font-embedding/replacement system to allow fonts to travel with the documents. "
+ "A structured storage system to bundle these elements and any associated content into a single "
+ "file, with data compression where appropriate. " + "PostScript language "
+ "PostScript is a page description language run in an interpreter to generate an image, a "
+ "process requiring many resources. It can handle graphics and standard features of programming "
+ "languages such as if statements and loop commands. PDF is largely based on PostScript but "
+ "simplified to remove flow control features like these, while graphics commands equivalent to "
+ "lineto remain. "
+ "Historically, the PostScript-like PDF code is generated from a source PostScript file. The "
+ "graphics commands that are output by the PostScript code are collected and tokenized"
+ ".[clarification needed] Any files, graphics, or fonts to which the document refers also are "
+ "collected. Then, everything is compressed to a single file. Therefore, the entire PostScript "
+ "world (fonts, layout, measurements) remains intact.[citation needed] "
+ "As a document format, PDF has several advantages over PostScript: "
+ "PDF contains tokenized and interpreted results of the PostScript source code, for direct "
+ "correspondence between changes to items in the PDF page description and changes to the "
+ "resulting page appearance. "
+ "PDF (since version 1.4) supports transparent graphics; PostScript does not. "
+ "PostScript is an interpreted programming language with an implicit global state, so "
+ "instructions accompanying the description of one page can affect the appearance of any "
+ "following page. Therefore, all preceding pages in a PostScript document must be processed to "
+ "determine the correct appearance of a given page, whereas each page in a PDF document is "
+ "unaffected by the others. As a result, PDF viewers allow the user to quickly jump to the final"
+ " pages of a long document, whereas a PostScript viewer needs to process all pages sequentially"
+ " before being able to display the destination page (unless the optional PostScript Document "
+ "Structuring Conventions have been carefully compiled and included). "
+ "PDF 1.6 and later supports interactive 3D documents embedded in a PDF file: 3D drawings can be"
+ " embedded using U3D or PRC and various other data formats. "
+ "File format "
+ "A PDF file is organized using ASCII characters, except for certain elements that may have "
+ "binary content. The file starts with a header containing a magic number (as a readable string)"
+ " and the version of the format, for example %PDF-1.7. The format is a subset of a COS "
+ "(\"Carousel\" Object Structure) format. A COS tree file consists primarily of objects, of "
+ "which there are nine types: "
+ "Boolean values, representing true or false " + "Real numbers " + "Integers "
+ "Strings, enclosed within parentheses ((...)) or represented as hexadecimal within single angle"
+ " brackets (<...>). Strings may contain 8-bit characters. "
+ "Names, starting with a forward slash (/) "
+ "Arrays, ordered collections of objects enclosed within square brackets ([...]) "
+ "Dictionaries, collections of objects indexed by names enclosed within double angle brackets "
+ "(<<...>>) "
+ "Streams, usually containing large amounts of optionally compressed binary data, preceded by a "
+ "dictionary and enclosed between the stream and endstream keywords. " + "The null object "
+ "Furthermore, there may be comments, introduced with the percent sign (%). Comments may contain"
+ " 8-bit characters. "
+ "Objects may be either direct (embedded in another object) or indirect. Indirect objects are "
+ "numbered with an object number and a generation number and defined between the obj and endobj "
+ "keywords if residing in the document root. Beginning with PDF version 1.5, indirect objects "
+ "(except other streams) may also be located in special streams known as object streams (marked "
+ "/Type /ObjStm). This technique enables non-stream objects to have standard stream filters "
+ "applied to them, reduces the size of files that have large numbers of small indirect objects "
+ "and is especially useful for Tagged PDF. Object streams do not support specifying an object's "
+ "generation number (other than 0). "
+ "An index table, also called the cross-reference table, is located near the end of the file and"
+ " gives the byte offset of each indirect object from the start of the file. This design "
+ "allows for efficient random access to the objects in the file, and also allows for small "
+ "changes to be made without rewriting the entire file (incremental update). Before PDF version "
+ "1.5, the table would always be in a special ASCII format, be marked with the xref keyword, and"
+ " follow the main body composed of indirect objects. Version 1.5 introduced optional "
+ "cross-reference streams, which have the form of a standard stream object, possibly with "
+ "filters applied. Such a stream may be used instead of the ASCII cross-reference table and "
+ "contains the offsets and other information in binary format. The format is flexible in that it"
+ " allows for integer width specification (using the /W array), so that for example, a document "
+ "not exceeding 64 KiB in size may dedicate only 2 bytes for object offsets. "
+ "At the end of a PDF file is a footer containing "
+ "The startxref keyword followed by an offset to the start of the cross-reference table "
+ "(starting with the xref keyword) or the cross-reference stream object, followed by "
+ "The %%EOF end-of-file marker. "
+ "If a cross-reference stream is not being used, the footer is preceded by the trailer keyword "
+ "followed by a dictionary containing information that would otherwise be contained in the "
+ "cross-reference stream object's dictionary: "
+ "A reference to the root object of the tree structure, also known as the catalog (/Root) "
+ "The count of indirect objects in the cross-reference table (/Size) "
+ "Other optional information "
+ "Within each page, there are one or multiple content streams that describe the text, vector and"
+ " images being drawn on the page. The content stream is stack-based, similar to PostScript. "
+ "The maximum size of a PDF compared to Europe. "
+ "There are two layouts to the PDF files: non-linearized (not \"optimized\") and linearized "
+ "(\"optimized\"). Non-linearized PDF files can be smaller than their linear counterparts, "
+ "though they are slower to access because portions of the data required to assemble pages of "
+ "the document are scattered throughout the PDF file. Linearized PDF files (also called "
+ "\"optimized\" or \"web optimized\" PDF files) are constructed in a manner that enables them to"
+ " be read in a Web browser plugin without waiting for the entire file to download, since all "
+ "objects required for the first page to display are optimally organized at the start of the "
+ "file. PDF files may be optimized using Adobe Acrobat software or QPDF. "
+ "Page dimensions are not limited by the format itself. However, Adobe Acrobat imposes a limit "
+ "of 15 million in by 15 million in, or 225 trillion in2 (145,161 km2). "
+ "Imaging model "
+ "The basic design of how graphics are represented in PDF is very similar to that of PostScript,"
+ " except for the use of transparency, which was added in PDF 1.4. "
+ "PDF graphics use a device-independent Cartesian coordinate system to describe the surface of a"
+ " page. A PDF page description can use a matrix to scale, rotate, or skew graphical elements. A"
+ " key concept in PDF is that of the graphics state, which is a collection of graphical "
+ "parameters that may be changed, saved, and restored by a page description. PDF has (as of "
+ "version 2.0) 25 graphics state properties, of which some of the most important are: "
+ "The current transformation matrix (CTM), which determines the coordinate system "
+ "The clipping path " + "The color space "
+ "The alpha constant, which is a key component of transparency "
+ "Black point compensation control (introduced in PDF 2.0) " + "Vector graphics "
+ "As in PostScript, vector graphics in PDF are constructed with paths. Paths are usually "
+ "composed of lines and cubic Bézier curves, but can also be constructed from the outlines of "
+ "text. Unlike PostScript, PDF does not allow a single path to mix text outlines with lines and "
+ "curves. Paths can be stroked, filled, fill then stroked, or used for clipping. Strokes and "
+ "fills can use any color set in the graphics state, including patterns. PDF supports several "
+ "types of patterns. The simplest is the tiling pattern in which a piece of artwork is specified"
+ " to be drawn repeatedly. This may be a colored tiling pattern, with the colors specified in "
+ "the pattern object, or an uncolored tiling pattern, which defers color specification to the "
+ "time the pattern is drawn. Beginning with PDF 1.3 there is also a shading pattern, which draws"
+ " continuously varying colors. There are seven types of shading patterns of which the simplest "
+ "are the axial shading (Type 2) and radial shading (Type 3). "
+ "Raster images "
+ "Raster images in PDF (called Image XObjects) are represented by dictionaries with an "
+ "associated stream. The dictionary describes the properties of the image, and the stream "
+ "contains the image data. (Less commonly, small raster images may be embedded directly in a "
+ "page description as an inline image.) Images are typically filtered for compression purposes. "
+ "Image filters supported in PDF include the following general-purpose filters: "
+ "ASCII85Decode, a filter used to put the stream into 7-bit ASCII, "
+ "ASCIIHexDecode, similar to ASCII85Decode but less compact, "
+ "FlateDecode, a commonly used filter based on the deflate algorithm defined in RFC 1951 "
+ "(deflate is also used in the gzip, PNG, and zip file formats among others); introduced in PDF "
+ "1.2; it can use one of two groups of predictor functions for more compact zlib/deflate "
+ "compression: Predictor 2 from the TIFF 6.0 specification and predictors (filters) from the PNG"
+ " specification (RFC 2083), "
+ "LZWDecode, a filter based on LZW Compression; it can use one of two groups of predictor "
+ "functions for more compact LZW compression: Predictor 2 from the TIFF 6.0 specification and "
+ "predictors (filters) from the PNG specification, "
+ "RunLengthDecode, a simple compression method for streams with repetitive data using the "
+ "run-length encoding algorithm and the image-specific filters, "
+ "DCTDecode, a lossy filter based on the JPEG standard, "
+ "CCITTFaxDecode, a lossless bi-level (black/white) filter based on the Group 3 or Group 4 CCITT"
+ " (ITU-T) fax compression standard defined in ITU-T T.4 and T.6, "
+ "JBIG2Decode, a lossy or lossless bi-level (black/white) filter based on the JBIG2 standard, "
+ "introduced in PDF 1.4, and "
+ "JPXDecode, a lossy or lossless filter based on the JPEG 2000 standard, introduced in PDF 1.5. "
+ "Normally all image content in a PDF is embedded in the file. But PDF allows image data to be "
+ "stored in external files by the use of external streams or Alternate Images. Standardized "
+ "subsets of PDF, including PDF/A and PDF/X, prohibit these features. "
+ "Text "
+ "Text in PDF is represented by text elements in page content streams. A text element specifies "
+ "that characters should be drawn at certain positions. The characters are specified using the "
+ "encoding of a selected font resource. "
+ "A font object in PDF is a description of a digital typeface. It may either describe the "
+ "characteristics of a typeface, or it may include an embedded font file. The latter case is "
+ "called an embedded font while the former is called an unembedded font. The font files that may"
+ " be embedded are based on widely used standard digital font formats: Type 1 (and its "
+ "compressed variant CFF), TrueType, and (beginning with PDF 1.6) OpenType. Additionally PDF "
+ "supports the Type 3 variant in which the components of the font are described by PDF graphic "
+ "operators. "
+ "Fourteen typefaces, known as the standard 14 fonts, have a special significance in PDF "
+ "documents: "
+ "Times (v3) (in regular, italic, bold, and bold italic) "
+ "Courier (in regular, oblique, bold and bold oblique) "
+ "Helvetica (v3) (in regular, oblique, bold and bold oblique) " + "Symbol " + "Zapf Dingbats "
+ "These fonts are sometimes called the base fourteen fonts. These fonts, or suitable "
+ "substitute fonts with the same metrics, should be available in most PDF readers, but they are "
+ "not guaranteed to be available in the reader, and may only display correctly if the system has"
+ " them installed. Fonts may be substituted if they are not embedded in a PDF. "
+ "Within text strings, characters are shown using character codes (integers) that map to glyphs "
+ "in the current font using an encoding. There are several predefined encodings, including "
+ "WinAnsi, MacRoman, and many encodings for East Asian languages and a font can have its own "
+ "built-in encoding. (Although the WinAnsi and MacRoman encodings are derived from the "
+ "historical properties of the Windows and Macintosh operating systems, fonts using these "
+ "encodings work equally well on any platform.) PDF can specify a predefined encoding to use, "
+ "the font's built-in encoding or provide a lookup table of differences to a predefined or "
+ "built-in encoding (not recommended with TrueType fonts). The encoding mechanisms in PDF "
+ "were designed for Type 1 fonts, and the rules for applying them to TrueType fonts are complex. "
+ "For large fonts or fonts with non-standard glyphs, the special encodings Identity-H (for "
+ "horizontal writing) and Identity-V (for vertical) are used. With such fonts, it is necessary "
+ "to provide a ToUnicode table if semantic information about the characters is to be preserved. "
+ "Transparency "
+ "The original imaging model of PDF was, like PostScript's, opaque: each object drawn on the "
+ "page completely replaced anything previously marked in the same location. In PDF 1.4 the "
+ "imaging model was extended to allow transparency. When transparency is used, new objects "
+ "interact with previously marked objects to produce blending effects. The addition of "
+ "transparency to PDF was done by means of new extensions that were designed to be ignored in "
+ "products written to PDF 1.3 and earlier specifications. As a result, files that use a small "
+ "amount of transparency might view acceptably by older viewers, but files making extensive use "
+ "of transparency could be viewed incorrectly by an older viewer. "
+ "The transparency extensions are based on the key concepts of transparency groups, blending "
+ "modes, shape, and alpha. The model is closely aligned with the features of Adobe Illustrator "
+ "version 9. The blend modes were based on those used by Adobe Photoshop at the time. When the "
+ "PDF 1.4 specification was published, the formulas for calculating blend modes were kept secret"
+ " by Adobe. They have since been published. "
+ "The concept of a transparency group in PDF specification is independent of existing notions of"
+ " \"group\" or \"layer\" in applications such as Adobe Illustrator. Those groupings reflect "
+ "logical relationships among objects that are meaningful when editing those objects, but they "
+ "are not part of the imaging model. "
+ "Additional features " + "Logical structure and accessibility "
+ "A \"tagged\" PDF (see clause 14.8 in ISO 32000) includes document structure and semantics "
+ "information to enable reliable text extraction and accessibility. Technically speaking, tagged"
+ " PDF is a stylized use of the format that builds on the logical structure framework introduced"
+ " in PDF 1.3. Tagged PDF defines a set of standard structure types and attributes that allow "
+ "page content (text, graphics, and images) to be extracted and reused for other purposes. "
+ "Tagged PDF is not required in situations where a PDF file is intended only for print. Since "
+ "the feature is optional, and since the rules for Tagged PDF were relatively vague in ISO "
+ "32000-1, support for tagged PDF among consuming devices, including assistive technology (AT), "
+ "is uneven as of 2021. ISO 32000-2, however, includes an improved discussion of tagged PDF "
+ "which is anticipated to facilitate further adoption. "
+ "An ISO-standardized subset of PDF specifically targeted at accessibility, PDF/UA, was first "
+ "published in 2012. "
+ "Optional Content Groups (layers) "
+ "With the introduction of PDF version 1.5 (2003) came the concept of Layers. Layers, more "
+ "formally known as Optional Content Groups (OCGs), refer to sections of content in a PDF "
+ "document that can be selectively viewed or hidden by document authors or viewers. This "
+ "capability is useful in CAD drawings, layered artwork, maps, multi-language documents, etc. "
+ "Basically, it consists of an Optional Content Properties Dictionary added to the document root"
+ ". This dictionary contains an array of Optional Content Groups (OCGs), each describing a set "
+ "of information and each of which may be individually displayed or suppressed, plus a set of "
+ "Optional Content Configuration Dictionaries, which give the status (Displayed or Suppressed) "
+ "of the given OCGs. "
+ "Encryption and signatures "
+ "A PDF file may be encrypted, for security, in which case a password is needed to view or edit "
+ "the contents. PDF 2.0 defines 256-bit AES encryption as standard for PDF 2.0 files. The PDF "
+ "Reference also defines ways that third parties can define their own encryption systems for PDF"
+ ". "
+ "PDF files may be digitally signed, to provide secure authentication; complete details on "
+ "implementing digital signatures in PDF is provided in ISO 32000-2. "
+ "PDF files may also contain embedded DRM restrictions that provide further controls that limit "
+ "copying, editing, or printing. These restrictions depend on the reader software to obey them, "
+ "so the security they provide is limited. "
+ "The standard security provided by PDF consists of two different methods and two different "
+ "passwords: a user password, which encrypts the file and prevents opening, and an owner "
+ "password, which specifies operations that should be restricted even when the document is "
+ "decrypted, which can include modifying, printing, or copying text and graphics out of the "
+ "document, or adding or modifying text notes and AcroForm fields. The user password encrypts "
+ "the file, while the owner password does not, instead relying on client software to respect "
+ "these restrictions. An owner password can easily be removed by software, including some free "
+ "online services. Thus, the use restrictions that a document author places on a PDF "
+ "document are not secure, and cannot be assured once the file is distributed; this warning is "
+ "displayed when applying such restrictions using Adobe Acrobat software to create or edit PDF "
+ "files. "
+ "Even without removing the password, most freeware or open source PDF readers ignore the "
+ "permission \"protections\" and allow the user to print or make copy of excerpts of the text as"
+ " if the document were not limited by password protection. "
+ "Beginning with PDF 1.5, Usage rights (UR) signatures are used to enable additional interactive"
+ " features that are not available by default in a particular PDF viewer application. The "
+ "signature is used to validate that the permissions have been granted by a bona fide granting "
+ "authority. For example, it can be used to allow a user: "
+ "To save the PDF document along with a modified form or annotation data "
+ "Import form data files in FDF, XFDF, and text (CSV/TSV) formats "
+ "Export form data files in FDF and XFDF formats " + "Submit form data "
+ "Instantiate new pages from named page templates "
+ "Apply a digital signature to existing digital signature form field "
+ "Create, delete, modify, copy, import, and export annotations "
+ "For example, Adobe Systems grants permissions to enable additional features in Adobe Reader, "
+ "using public-key cryptography. Adobe Reader verifies that the signature uses a certificate "
+ "from an Adobe-authorized certificate authority. Any PDF application can use this same "
+ "mechanism for its own purposes. "
+ "Under specific circumstances including non-patched systems of the receiver, the information "
+ "the receiver of a digital signed document sees can be manipulated by the sender after the "
+ "document has been signed by the signer. "
+ "PAdES (PDF Advanced Electronic Signatures) is a set of restrictions and extensions to PDF and "
+ "ISO 32000-1 making it suitable for advanced electronic signatures. This is published by "
+ "ETSI as TS 102 778. "
+ "File attachments "
+ "PDF files can have file attachments which processors may access and open or save to a local "
+ "filesystem. "
+ "Metadata "
+ "PDF files can contain two types of metadata. The first is the Document Information "
+ "Dictionary, a set of key/value fields such as author, title, subject, creation and update "
+ "dates. This is optional and is referenced from an Info key in the trailer of the file. A small"
+ " set of fields is defined and can be extended with additional text values if required. This "
+ "method is deprecated in PDF 2.0. "
+ "In PDF 1.4, support was added for Metadata Streams, using the Extensible Metadata Platform "
+ "(XMP) to add XML standards-based extensible metadata as used in other file formats. PDF 2.0 "
+ "allows metadata to be attached to any object in the document, such as information about "
+ "embedded illustrations, fonts, and images, as well as the whole document (attaching to the "
+ "document catalog), using an extensible schema. "
+ "PDF documents can also contain display settings, including the page display layout and zoom "
+ "level in a Viewer Preferences object. Adobe Reader uses these settings to override the user's "
+ "default settings when opening the document. The free Adobe Reader cannot remove these "
+ "settings. "
+ "Accessibility "
+ "PDF files can be created specifically to be accessible for people with disabilities"
+ ". PDF file formats in use as of 2014 can include tags, text equivalents, "
+ "captions, audio descriptions, and more. Some software can automatically produce tagged PDFs, "
+ "but this feature is not always enabled by default. Leading screen readers, including "
+ "JAWS, Window-Eyes, Hal, and Kurzweil 1000 and 3000 can read tagged PDF. Moreover, "
+ "tagged PDFs can be re-flowed and magnified for readers with visual impairments. Adding tags to"
+ " older PDFs and those that are generated from scanned documents can present some challenges. "
+ "One of the significant challenges with PDF accessibility is that PDF documents have three "
+ "distinct views, which, depending on the document's creation, can be inconsistent with each "
+ "other. The three views are (i) the physical view, (ii) the tags view, and (iii) the content "
+ "view. The physical view is displayed and printed (what most people consider a PDF document). "
+ "The tags view is what screen readers and other assistive technologies use to deliver "
+ "high-quality navigation and reading experience to users with disabilities. The content view is"
+ " based on the physical order of objects within the PDF's content stream and may be displayed "
+ "by software that does not fully support the tags' view, such as the Reflow feature in Adobe's "
+ "Reader. "
+ "PDF/UA, the International Standard for accessible PDF based on ISO 32000-1 was first published"
+ " as ISO 14289–1 in 2012 and establishes normative language for accessible PDF technology. "
+ "Multimedia "
+ "Rich Media PDF is a PDF file including interactive content that can be embedded or linked "
+ "within the file. It can contain images, audio, video content, or buttons. For example, if the "
+ "interactive PDF is a digital catalog for an E-commerce business, products can be listed on the"
+ " PDF pages and can be added with images and links to the website and buttons to order directly"
+ " from the document. "
+ "Forms "
+ "Interactive Forms is a mechanism to add forms to the PDF file format. PDF currently supports "
+ "two different methods for integrating data and PDF forms. Both formats today coexist in the "
+ "PDF specification: "
+ "AcroForms (also known as Acrobat forms), introduced in the PDF 1.2 format specification and "
+ "included in all later PDF specifications. "
+ "XML Forms Architecture (XFA) forms, introduced in the PDF 1.5 format specification. Adobe XFA "
+ "Forms are not compatible with AcroForms. XFA was deprecated from PDF with PDF 2.0. "
+ "AcroForms were introduced in the PDF 1.2 format. AcroForms permit using objects (e.g. text "
+ "boxes, Radio buttons, etc.) and some code (e.g. JavaScript). Alongside the standard PDF action"
+ " types, interactive forms (AcroForms) support submitting, resetting, and importing data. The "
+ "\"submit\" action transmits the names and values of selected interactive form fields to a "
+ "specified uniform resource locator (URL). Interactive form field names and values may be "
+ "submitted in any of the following formats, (depending on the settings of the action's "
+ "ExportFormat, SubmitPDF, and XFDF flags): "
+ "HTML Form format " + "HTML 4.01 Specification since PDF 1.5; HTML 2.0 since 1.2 "
+ "Forms Data Format (FDF) "
+ "based on PDF, uses the same syntax and has essentially the same file structure, but is much "
+ "simpler than PDF since the body of an FDF document consists of only one required object. Forms"
+ " Data Format is defined in the PDF specification (since PDF 1.2). The Forms Data Format can be"
+ " used when submitting form data to a server, receiving the response, and incorporating it into"
+ " the interactive form. It can also be used to export form data to stand-alone files that can "
+ "be imported back into the corresponding PDF interactive form. FDF was originally defined in "
+ "1996 as part of ISO 32000-2:2017.[citation needed] " + "XML Forms Data Format (XFDF) "
+ "(external XML Forms Data Format Specification, Version 2.0; supported since PDF 1.5; it "
+ "replaced the \"XML\" form submission format defined in PDF 1.4) the XML version of Forms Data "
+ "Format, but the XFDF implements only a subset of FDF containing forms and annotations. Some "
+ "entries in the FDF dictionary do not have XFDF equivalents – such as the Status, Encoding, "
+ "JavaScript, Page's keys, EmbeddedFDFs, Differences, and Target. In addition, XFDF does not "
+ "allow the spawning, or addition, of new pages based on the given data; as can be done when "
+ "using an FDF file. The XFDF specification is referenced (but not included) in PDF 1.5 "
+ "specification (and in later versions). It is described separately in XML Forms Data Format "
+ "Specification. The PDF 1.4 specification allowed form submissions in XML format, but this "
+ "was replaced by submissions in XFDF format in the PDF 1.5 specification. XFDF conforms to the "
+ "XML standard. XFDF can be used in the same way as FDF; e.g., form data is submitted to a "
+ "server, modifications are made, then sent back and the new form data is imported in an "
+ "interactive form. It can also be used to export form data to stand-alone files that can be "
+ "imported back into the corresponding PDF interactive form. As of August 2019, XFDF 3.0 is an "
+ "ISO/IEC standard under the formal name ISO 19444-1:2019 - Document management — XML Forms Data"
+ " Format — Part 1: Use of ISO 32000-2 (XFDF 3.0). This standard is a normative reference of"
+ " ISO 32000-2. " + "PDF "
+ "The entire document can be submitted rather than individual fields and values, as was defined "
+ "in PDF 1.4. "
+ "AcroForms can keep form field values in external stand-alone files containing key-value pairs."
+ " The external files may use Forms Data Format (FDF) and XML Forms Data Format (XFDF) files"
+ ". The usage rights (UR) signatures define rights for import form data files in "
+ "FDF, XFDF, and text (CSV/TSV) formats, and export form data files in FDF and XFDF formats. "
+ "In PDF 1.5, Adobe Systems introduced a proprietary format for forms; Adobe XML Forms "
+ "Architecture (XFA). Adobe XFA Forms are not compatible with ISO 32000's AcroForms feature, and"
+ " most PDF processors do not handle XFA content. The XFA specification is referenced from ISO "
+ "32000-1/PDF 1.7 as an external proprietary specification and was entirely deprecated from PDF "
+ "with ISO 32000-2 (PDF 2.0). "
+ "Split and merge " + "PDF files can be splitted and merged, using applications. "
+ "Licensing "
+ "Anyone may create applications that can read and write PDF files without having to pay "
+ "royalties to Adobe Systems; Adobe holds patents to PDF, but licenses them for royalty-free use"
+ " in developing software complying with its PDF specification. ";
private PlaceHolderTextUtil() {
// Empty constructor
}
/**
* Gets the placeholder text.
*
* @param by if you want to get the placeholder text by words or by characters
* @param amount the number of words or characters
*
* @return the placeholder text
*/
public static String getPlaceHolderText(PlaceHolderTextBy by, int amount) {
if (by == PlaceHolderTextBy.WORDS) {
return getPlaceHolderTextByWords(amount);
} else {
return getPlaceHolderTextByCharacters(amount);
}
}
private static String getPlaceHolderTextByWords(int amount) {
final String[] words = TEMPLATE.split(" ");
final int approximateWordLength = 5;
final int heuristic = amount * approximateWordLength;
final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(heuristic);
for (int i = 0; i < amount; i++) {
sb.append(words[i % words.length]);
if (i + 1 == amount) {
break;
}
sb.append(' ');
}
return sb.toString();
}
private static String getPlaceHolderTextByCharacters(int amount) {
final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(amount);
for (int i = 0; i < amount; i++) {
sb.append(TEMPLATE.charAt(i % TEMPLATE.length()));
}
return sb.toString();
}
/**
* The enum Place holder text by.
* This enum is used to get the placeholder text by words or by characters
*/
public enum PlaceHolderTextBy {
WORDS,
CHARACTERS
}
}
