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//Copyright (c) 2006, Adobe Systems Incorporated
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//        This product includes software developed by the Adobe Systems Incorporated.
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//        http://www.adobe.com/devnet/xmp/library/eula-xmp-library-java.html

package com.itextpdf.xmp.impl;

import java.util.GregorianCalendar;
import java.util.Iterator;

import com.itextpdf.xmp.XMPConst;
import com.itextpdf.xmp.XMPDateTime;
import com.itextpdf.xmp.XMPDateTimeFactory;
import com.itextpdf.xmp.XMPError;
import com.itextpdf.xmp.XMPException;
import com.itextpdf.xmp.XMPMetaFactory;
import com.itextpdf.xmp.XMPUtils;
import com.itextpdf.xmp.impl.xpath.XMPPath;
import com.itextpdf.xmp.impl.xpath.XMPPathSegment;
import com.itextpdf.xmp.options.AliasOptions;
import com.itextpdf.xmp.options.PropertyOptions;


/**
 * Utilities for XMPNode.
 * 
 * @since   Aug 28, 2006
 */
public class XMPNodeUtils implements XMPConst
{
	/** */
	static final int CLT_NO_VALUES = 0;
	/** */
	static final int CLT_SPECIFIC_MATCH = 1;
	/** */
	static final int CLT_SINGLE_GENERIC = 2;
	/** */
	static final int CLT_MULTIPLE_GENERIC = 3;
	/** */
	static final int CLT_XDEFAULT = 4;
	/** */
	static final int CLT_FIRST_ITEM = 5;


	/**
	 * Private Constructor
	 */
	private XMPNodeUtils()
	{
		// EMPTY
	}

	
	/**
	 * Find or create a schema node if createNodes is false and
	 *  
	 * @param tree the root of the xmp tree. 
	 * @param namespaceURI a namespace
	 * @param createNodes a flag indicating if the node shall be created if not found.
	 * 		  Note: The namespace must be registered prior to this call.
	 * 
	 * @return Returns the schema node if found, null otherwise.
	 * 		   Note: If createNodes is true, it is always
	 * 		   returned a valid node. 
	 * @throws XMPException An exception is only thrown if an error occurred, not if a
	 *         		node was not found.
	 */
	static XMPNode findSchemaNode(XMPNode tree, String namespaceURI,
			boolean createNodes)
			throws XMPException
	{
		return findSchemaNode(tree, namespaceURI, null, createNodes);
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * Find or create a schema node if createNodes is true.
	 *  
	 * @param tree the root of the xmp tree. 
	 * @param namespaceURI a namespace
	 * @param suggestedPrefix If a prefix is suggested, the namespace is allowed to be registered.
	 * @param createNodes a flag indicating if the node shall be created if not found.
	 * 		  Note: The namespace must be registered prior to this call.
	 * 
	 * @return Returns the schema node if found, null otherwise.
	 * 		   Note: If createNodes is true, it is always
	 * 		   returned a valid node. 
	 * @throws XMPException An exception is only thrown if an error occurred, not if a
	 *         		node was not found.
	 */
	static XMPNode findSchemaNode(XMPNode tree, String namespaceURI, String suggestedPrefix,
			boolean createNodes)
			throws XMPException
	{
		assert tree.getParent() == null; // make sure that its the root
		XMPNode schemaNode = tree.findChildByName(namespaceURI);
		
		if (schemaNode == null  &&  createNodes)
		{
			schemaNode = new XMPNode(namespaceURI, 
				new PropertyOptions()
					.setSchemaNode(true));
			schemaNode.setImplicit(true);
			
			// only previously registered schema namespaces are allowed in the XMP tree.
			String prefix = XMPMetaFactory.getSchemaRegistry().getNamespacePrefix(namespaceURI);
			if (prefix == null)
			{	
				if (suggestedPrefix != null  &&  suggestedPrefix.length() != 0)
				{
					prefix = XMPMetaFactory.getSchemaRegistry().registerNamespace(namespaceURI,
							suggestedPrefix);
				}
				else
				{
					throw new XMPException("Unregistered schema namespace URI",
							XMPError.BADSCHEMA);
				}	
			}	
				
			schemaNode.setValue(prefix);
	
			tree.addChild(schemaNode);
		}
		
		return schemaNode;
	}

	
	/**
	 * Find or create a child node under a given parent node. If the parent node is no 
	 * Returns the found or created child node.
	 * 
	 * @param parent
	 *            the parent node
	 * @param childName
	 *            the node name to find
	 * @param createNodes
	 *            flag, if new nodes shall be created.
	 * @return Returns the found or created node or null.
	 * @throws XMPException Thrown if 
	 */
	static XMPNode findChildNode(XMPNode parent, String childName, boolean createNodes)
			throws XMPException
	{
		if (!parent.getOptions().isSchemaNode() && !parent.getOptions().isStruct())
		{
			if (!parent.isImplicit())
			{
				throw new XMPException("Named children only allowed for schemas and structs",
						XMPError.BADXPATH);
			}	
			else if (parent.getOptions().isArray())
			{
				throw new XMPException("Named children not allowed for arrays",
						XMPError.BADXPATH);
			}
			else if (createNodes)
			{	
				parent.getOptions().setStruct(true);
			}	
		}
			
		XMPNode childNode = parent.findChildByName(childName); 
		
		if (childNode == null  &&  createNodes)
		{
			PropertyOptions options = new PropertyOptions();
			childNode = new XMPNode(childName, options);
			childNode.setImplicit(true);
			parent.addChild(childNode);
		}
		
		assert childNode != null ||  !createNodes;
	
		return childNode;
	}


	/**
	 * Follow an expanded path expression to find or create a node.
	 * 
	 * @param xmpTree the node to begin the search. 
	 * @param xpath the complete xpath
	 * @param createNodes flag if nodes shall be created 
	 * 			(when called by setProperty())
	 * @param leafOptions the options for the created leaf nodes (only when
	 *			createNodes == true).
	 * @return Returns the node if found or created or null.
	 * @throws XMPException An exception is only thrown if an error occurred, 
	 * 			not if a node was not found.
	 */
	static XMPNode findNode(XMPNode xmpTree, XMPPath xpath, boolean createNodes,
		PropertyOptions leafOptions) throws XMPException
	{
		// check if xpath is set.
		if (xpath == null  ||  xpath.size() == 0)
		{
			throw new XMPException("Empty XMPPath", XMPError.BADXPATH);
		}

		// Root of implicitly created subtree to possible delete it later. 
		// Valid only if leaf is new.
		XMPNode rootImplicitNode = null; 
		XMPNode currNode = null;
		
		// resolve schema step
		currNode = findSchemaNode(xmpTree,
			xpath.getSegment(XMPPath.STEP_SCHEMA).getName(), createNodes);
		if (currNode == null) 
		{
			return null;
		}
		else if (currNode.isImplicit())
		{
			currNode.setImplicit(false);	// Clear the implicit node bit.
			rootImplicitNode = currNode;	// Save the top most implicit node.
		}


		// Now follow the remaining steps of the original XMPPath.
		try
		{
			for (int i = 1; i < xpath.size(); i++)
			{
				currNode = followXPathStep(currNode, xpath.getSegment(i), createNodes);
				if (currNode == null) 
				{
					if (createNodes)
					{	
						// delete implicitly created nodes
						deleteNode(rootImplicitNode);
					}	
					return null;
				}
				else if (currNode.isImplicit())
				{
					// clear the implicit node flag
					currNode.setImplicit(false);

					// if node is an ALIAS (can be only in root step, auto-create array 
					// when the path has been resolved from a not simple alias type
					if (i == 1  &&  
						xpath.getSegment(i).isAlias()  &&
						xpath.getSegment(i).getAliasForm() != 0)
					{
						currNode.getOptions().setOption(xpath.getSegment(i).getAliasForm(), true);
					}
					// "CheckImplicitStruct" in C++
					else if (i < xpath.size() - 1  &&
						xpath.getSegment(i).getKind() == XMPPath.STRUCT_FIELD_STEP  &&	
						!currNode.getOptions().isCompositeProperty())
					{
						currNode.getOptions().setStruct(true);
					}					
					
					if (rootImplicitNode == null)
					{
						rootImplicitNode = currNode;	// Save the top most implicit node.
					}
				}
			}
		}
		catch (XMPException e)
		{
			// if new notes have been created prior to the error, delete them
			if (rootImplicitNode != null)
			{
				deleteNode(rootImplicitNode);
			}
			throw e;
		}
		
		
		if (rootImplicitNode != null)
		{
			// set options only if a node has been successful created
			currNode.getOptions().mergeWith(leafOptions);
			currNode.setOptions(currNode.getOptions());
		}
		
		return currNode;
	}


	/**
	 * Deletes the the given node and its children from its parent.
	 * Takes care about adjusting the flags.
	 * @param node the top-most node to delete.
	 */
	static void deleteNode(XMPNode node)
	{
		XMPNode parent = node.getParent();
		
		if (node.getOptions().isQualifier())
		{
			// root is qualifier
			parent.removeQualifier(node);
		}
		else
		{
			// root is NO qualifier
			parent.removeChild(node);
		}
		
		// delete empty Schema nodes
		if (!parent.hasChildren()  &&  parent.getOptions().isSchemaNode())
		{
			parent.getParent().removeChild(parent);
		}
	}


	/**
	 * This is setting the value of a leaf node.
	 * 
	 * @param node an XMPNode
	 * @param value a value
	 */
	static void setNodeValue(XMPNode node, Object value)
	{
		String strValue = serializeNodeValue(value);
		if (!(node.getOptions().isQualifier()  &&  XML_LANG.equals(node.getName()))) 
		{	
			node.setValue(strValue);
		}
		else
		{
			node.setValue(Utils.normalizeLangValue(strValue));
		}
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * Verifies the PropertyOptions for consistancy and updates them as needed. 
	 * If options are null they are created with default values.
	 *  
	 * @param options the PropertyOptions
	 * @param itemValue the node value to set
	 * @return Returns the updated options.
	 * @throws XMPException If the options are not consistant. 
	 */
	static PropertyOptions verifySetOptions(PropertyOptions options, Object itemValue)
			throws XMPException
	{
		// create empty and fix existing options
		if (options == null)
		{
			// set default options
			options = new PropertyOptions();
		}
		
		if (options.isArrayAltText())
		{
			options.setArrayAlternate(true);
		}
	
		if (options.isArrayAlternate())
		{
			options.setArrayOrdered(true);
		}
	
		if (options.isArrayOrdered())
		{
			options.setArray(true);
		}
	
		if (options.isCompositeProperty() && itemValue != null && itemValue.toString().length() > 0)
		{
			throw new XMPException("Structs and arrays can't have values",
				XMPError.BADOPTIONS);
		}
	
		options.assertConsistency(options.getOptions());
		
		return options;
	}


	/**
	 * Converts the node value to String, apply special conversions for defined
	 * types in XMP.
	 * 
	 * @param value
	 *            the node value to set
	 * @return Returns the String representation of the node value.
	 */
	static String serializeNodeValue(Object value)
	{
		String strValue;
		if (value == null)
		{
			strValue = null;
		}
		else if (value instanceof Boolean)
		{
			strValue = XMPUtils.convertFromBoolean(((Boolean) value).booleanValue());
		}
		else if (value instanceof Integer)
		{
			strValue = XMPUtils.convertFromInteger(((Integer) value).intValue());
		}
		else if (value instanceof Long)
		{
			strValue = XMPUtils.convertFromLong(((Long) value).longValue());
		}
		else if (value instanceof Double)
		{
			strValue = XMPUtils.convertFromDouble(((Double) value).doubleValue());
		}
		else if (value instanceof XMPDateTime)
		{
			strValue = XMPUtils.convertFromDate((XMPDateTime) value);
		}
		else if (value instanceof GregorianCalendar)
		{
			XMPDateTime dt = XMPDateTimeFactory.createFromCalendar((GregorianCalendar) value);
			strValue = XMPUtils.convertFromDate(dt);
		}
		else if (value instanceof byte[])
		{
			strValue = XMPUtils.encodeBase64((byte[]) value);
		}
		else
		{
			strValue = value.toString();
		}
	
		return strValue != null ? Utils.removeControlChars(strValue) : null;
	}
	
	
	/** 
	 * After processing by ExpandXPath, a step can be of these forms:
	 * 
    *
  • qualName - A top level property or struct field. *
  • [index] - An element of an array. *
  • [last()] - The last element of an array. *
  • [qualName="value"] - An element in an array of structs, chosen by a field value. *
  • [?qualName="value"] - An element in an array, chosen by a qualifier value. *
  • ?qualName - A general qualifier. *
* Find the appropriate child node, resolving aliases, and optionally creating nodes. * * @param parentNode the node to start to start from * @param nextStep the xpath segment * @param createNodes * @return returns the found or created XMPPath node * @throws XMPException */ private static XMPNode followXPathStep( XMPNode parentNode, XMPPathSegment nextStep, boolean createNodes) throws XMPException { XMPNode nextNode = null; int index = 0; int stepKind = nextStep.getKind(); if (stepKind == XMPPath.STRUCT_FIELD_STEP) { nextNode = findChildNode(parentNode, nextStep.getName(), createNodes); } else if (stepKind == XMPPath.QUALIFIER_STEP) { nextNode = findQualifierNode( parentNode, nextStep.getName().substring(1), createNodes); } else { // This is an array indexing step. First get the index, then get the node. if (!parentNode.getOptions().isArray()) { throw new XMPException("Indexing applied to non-array", XMPError.BADXPATH); } if (stepKind == XMPPath.ARRAY_INDEX_STEP) { index = findIndexedItem(parentNode, nextStep.getName(), createNodes); } else if (stepKind == XMPPath.ARRAY_LAST_STEP) { index = parentNode.getChildrenLength(); } else if (stepKind == XMPPath.FIELD_SELECTOR_STEP) { String[] result = Utils.splitNameAndValue(nextStep.getName()); String fieldName = result[0]; String fieldValue = result[1]; index = lookupFieldSelector(parentNode, fieldName, fieldValue); } else if (stepKind == XMPPath.QUAL_SELECTOR_STEP) { String[] result = Utils.splitNameAndValue(nextStep.getName()); String qualName = result[0]; String qualValue = result[1]; index = lookupQualSelector( parentNode, qualName, qualValue, nextStep.getAliasForm()); } else { throw new XMPException("Unknown array indexing step in FollowXPathStep", XMPError.INTERNALFAILURE); } if (1 <= index && index <= parentNode.getChildrenLength()) { nextNode = parentNode.getChild(index); } } return nextNode; } /** * Find or create a qualifier node under a given parent node. Returns a pointer to the * qualifier node, and optionally an iterator for the node's position in * the parent's vector of qualifiers. The iterator is unchanged if no qualifier node (null) * is returned. * Note: On entry, the qualName parameter must not have the leading '?' from the * XMPPath step. * * @param parent the parent XMPNode * @param qualName the qualifier name * @param createNodes flag if nodes shall be created * @return Returns the qualifier node if found or created, null otherwise. * @throws XMPException */ private static XMPNode findQualifierNode(XMPNode parent, String qualName, boolean createNodes) throws XMPException { assert !qualName.startsWith("?"); XMPNode qualNode = parent.findQualifierByName(qualName); if (qualNode == null && createNodes) { qualNode = new XMPNode(qualName, null); qualNode.setImplicit(true); parent.addQualifier(qualNode); } return qualNode; } /** * @param arrayNode an array node * @param segment the segment containing the array index * @param createNodes flag if new nodes are allowed to be created. * @return Returns the index or index = -1 if not found * @throws XMPException Throws Exceptions */ private static int findIndexedItem(XMPNode arrayNode, String segment, boolean createNodes) throws XMPException { int index = 0; try { segment = segment.substring(1, segment.length() - 1); index = Integer.parseInt(segment); if (index < 1) { throw new XMPException("Array index must be larger than zero", XMPError.BADXPATH); } } catch (NumberFormatException e) { throw new XMPException("Array index not digits.", XMPError.BADXPATH); } if (createNodes && index == arrayNode.getChildrenLength() + 1) { // Append a new last + 1 node. XMPNode newItem = new XMPNode(ARRAY_ITEM_NAME, null); newItem.setImplicit(true); arrayNode.addChild(newItem); } return index; } /** * Searches for a field selector in a node: * [fieldName="value] - an element in an array of structs, chosen by a field value. * No implicit nodes are created by field selectors. * * @param arrayNode * @param fieldName * @param fieldValue * @return Returns the index of the field if found, otherwise -1. * @throws XMPException */ private static int lookupFieldSelector(XMPNode arrayNode, String fieldName, String fieldValue) throws XMPException { int result = -1; for (int index = 1; index <= arrayNode.getChildrenLength() && result < 0; index++) { XMPNode currItem = arrayNode.getChild(index); if (!currItem.getOptions().isStruct()) { throw new XMPException("Field selector must be used on array of struct", XMPError.BADXPATH); } for (int f = 1; f <= currItem.getChildrenLength(); f++) { XMPNode currField = currItem.getChild(f); if (!fieldName.equals(currField.getName())) { continue; } if (fieldValue.equals(currField.getValue())) { result = index; break; } } } return result; } /** * Searches for a qualifier selector in a node: * [?qualName="value"] - an element in an array, chosen by a qualifier value. * No implicit nodes are created for qualifier selectors, * except for an alias to an x-default item. * * @param arrayNode an array node * @param qualName the qualifier name * @param qualValue the qualifier value * @param aliasForm in case the qual selector results from an alias, * an x-default node is created if there has not been one. * @return Returns the index of th * @throws XMPException */ private static int lookupQualSelector(XMPNode arrayNode, String qualName, String qualValue, int aliasForm) throws XMPException { if (XML_LANG.equals(qualName)) { qualValue = Utils.normalizeLangValue(qualValue); int index = XMPNodeUtils.lookupLanguageItem(arrayNode, qualValue); if (index < 0 && (aliasForm & AliasOptions.PROP_ARRAY_ALT_TEXT) > 0) { XMPNode langNode = new XMPNode(ARRAY_ITEM_NAME, null); XMPNode xdefault = new XMPNode(XML_LANG, X_DEFAULT, null); langNode.addQualifier(xdefault); arrayNode.addChild(1, langNode); return 1; } else { return index; } } else { for (int index = 1; index < arrayNode.getChildrenLength(); index++) { XMPNode currItem = arrayNode.getChild(index); for (Iterator it = currItem.iterateQualifier(); it.hasNext();) { XMPNode qualifier = (XMPNode) it.next(); if (qualName.equals(qualifier.getName()) && qualValue.equals(qualifier.getValue())) { return index; } } } return -1; } } /** * Make sure the x-default item is first. Touch up "single value" * arrays that have a default plus one real language. This case should have * the same value for both items. Older Adobe apps were hardwired to only * use the "x-default" item, so we copy that value to the other * item. * * @param arrayNode * an alt text array node */ static void normalizeLangArray(XMPNode arrayNode) { if (!arrayNode.getOptions().isArrayAltText()) { return; } // check if node with x-default qual is first place for (int i = 2; i <= arrayNode.getChildrenLength(); i++) { XMPNode child = arrayNode.getChild(i); if (child.hasQualifier() && X_DEFAULT.equals(child.getQualifier(1).getValue())) { // move node to first place try { arrayNode.removeChild(i); arrayNode.addChild(1, child); } catch (XMPException e) { // cannot occur, because same child is removed before assert false; } if (i == 2) { arrayNode.getChild(2).setValue(child.getValue()); } break; } } } /** * See if an array is an alt-text array. If so, make sure the x-default item * is first. * * @param arrayNode * the array node to check if its an alt-text array */ static void detectAltText(XMPNode arrayNode) { if (arrayNode.getOptions().isArrayAlternate() && arrayNode.hasChildren()) { boolean isAltText = false; for (Iterator it = arrayNode.iterateChildren(); it.hasNext();) { XMPNode child = (XMPNode) it.next(); if (child.getOptions().getHasLanguage()) { isAltText = true; break; } } if (isAltText) { arrayNode.getOptions().setArrayAltText(true); normalizeLangArray(arrayNode); } } } /** * Appends a language item to an alt text array. * * @param arrayNode the language array * @param itemLang the language of the item * @param itemValue the content of the item * @throws XMPException Thrown if a duplicate property is added */ static void appendLangItem(XMPNode arrayNode, String itemLang, String itemValue) throws XMPException { XMPNode newItem = new XMPNode(ARRAY_ITEM_NAME, itemValue, null); XMPNode langQual = new XMPNode(XML_LANG, itemLang, null); newItem.addQualifier(langQual); if (!X_DEFAULT.equals(langQual.getValue())) { arrayNode.addChild(newItem); } else { arrayNode.addChild(1, newItem); } } /** *
    *
  1. Look for an exact match with the specific language. *
  2. If a generic language is given, look for partial matches. *
  3. Look for an "x-default"-item. *
  4. Choose the first item. *
* * @param arrayNode * the alt text array node * @param genericLang * the generic language * @param specificLang * the specific language * @return Returns the kind of match as an Integer and the found node in an * array. * * @throws XMPException */ static Object[] chooseLocalizedText(XMPNode arrayNode, String genericLang, String specificLang) throws XMPException { // See if the array has the right form. Allow empty alt arrays, // that is what parsing returns. if (!arrayNode.getOptions().isArrayAltText()) { throw new XMPException("Localized text array is not alt-text", XMPError.BADXPATH); } else if (!arrayNode.hasChildren()) { return new Object[] { new Integer(XMPNodeUtils.CLT_NO_VALUES), null }; } int foundGenericMatches = 0; XMPNode resultNode = null; XMPNode xDefault = null; // Look for the first partial match with the generic language. for (Iterator it = arrayNode.iterateChildren(); it.hasNext();) { XMPNode currItem = (XMPNode) it.next(); // perform some checks on the current item if (currItem.getOptions().isCompositeProperty()) { throw new XMPException("Alt-text array item is not simple", XMPError.BADXPATH); } else if (!currItem.hasQualifier() || !XML_LANG.equals(currItem.getQualifier(1).getName())) { throw new XMPException("Alt-text array item has no language qualifier", XMPError.BADXPATH); } String currLang = currItem.getQualifier(1).getValue(); // Look for an exact match with the specific language. if (specificLang.equals(currLang)) { return new Object[] { new Integer(XMPNodeUtils.CLT_SPECIFIC_MATCH), currItem }; } else if (genericLang != null && currLang.startsWith(genericLang)) { if (resultNode == null) { resultNode = currItem; } // ! Don't return/break, need to look for other matches. foundGenericMatches++; } else if (X_DEFAULT.equals(currLang)) { xDefault = currItem; } } // evaluate loop if (foundGenericMatches == 1) { return new Object[] { new Integer(XMPNodeUtils.CLT_SINGLE_GENERIC), resultNode }; } else if (foundGenericMatches > 1) { return new Object[] { new Integer(XMPNodeUtils.CLT_MULTIPLE_GENERIC), resultNode }; } else if (xDefault != null) { return new Object[] { new Integer(XMPNodeUtils.CLT_XDEFAULT), xDefault }; } else { // Everything failed, choose the first item. return new Object[] { new Integer(XMPNodeUtils.CLT_FIRST_ITEM), arrayNode.getChild(1) }; } } /** * Looks for the appropriate language item in a text alternative array.item * * @param arrayNode * an array node * @param language * the requested language * @return Returns the index if the language has been found, -1 otherwise. * @throws XMPException */ static int lookupLanguageItem(XMPNode arrayNode, String language) throws XMPException { if (!arrayNode.getOptions().isArray()) { throw new XMPException("Language item must be used on array", XMPError.BADXPATH); } for (int index = 1; index <= arrayNode.getChildrenLength(); index++) { XMPNode child = arrayNode.getChild(index); if (!child.hasQualifier() || !XML_LANG.equals(child.getQualifier(1).getName())) { continue; } else if (language.equals(child.getQualifier(1).getValue())) { return index; } } return -1; } }




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